sys: Remove $FreeBSD$: two-line .h pattern

Remove /^\s*\*\n \*\s+\$FreeBSD\$$\n/

tc_fill_vdso_timehands32(): fix

On 64bit, there is a 4-byte hole in struct vdso_timekeep32 after
tk_current, if the structure is not packed. This is due to the MD
th_x86_pvc_last_systime being 64bit.

Change amd64 VDSO_TIMEHANDS_MD32 to not use uint64_t, replace it with
pair of uint32_t, as it is done for all other members.

PR: 273085
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation
MFC after: 1 week

spdx: The BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD identifier is obsolete, drop -FreeBSD

The SPDX folks have obsoleted the BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD identifier. Catch
up to that fact and revert to their recommended match of BSD-2-Clause.

Discussed with: pfg
MFC After: 3 days
Sponsored by: Netflix

pvclock: Add vDSO support

Add vDSO support for timekeeping devices that support the KVM/XEN
paravirtual clock API.

Also, expose, in the userspace-accessible '<machine/pvclock.h>',
definitions that will be needed by 'libc' to support
'VDSO_TH_ALGO_X86_PVCLK'.

Sponsored by: Juniper Networks, Inc.
Sponsored by: Klara, Inc.
Reviewed by: kib
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D31418

sys/x86: further adoption of SPDX licensing ID tags.

Mainly focus on files that use BSD 2-Clause license, however the tool I
was using misidentified many licenses so this was mostly a manual - error
prone - task.

The Software Package Data Exchange (SPDX) group provides a specification
to make it easier for automated tools to detect and summarize well known
opensource licenses. We are gradually adopting the specification, noting
that the tags are considered only advisory and do not, in any way,
superceed or replace the license texts.

hyperv: Implement userspace gettimeofday(2) with Hyper-V reference TSC

This 6 times gettimeofday performance, as measured by
tools/tools/syscall_timing

Reviewed by: kib
MFC after: 1 week
Sponsored by: Microsoft
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D8789

Implement userspace gettimeofday(2) with HPET timecounter.

Right now, userspace (fast) gettimeofday(2) on x86 only works for
RDTSC. For older machines, like Core2, where RDTSC is not C2/C3
invariant, and which fall to HPET hardware, this means that the call
has both the penalty of the syscall and of the uncached hw behind the
QPI or PCIe connection to the sought bridge. Nothing can me done
against the access latency, but the syscall overhead can be removed.
System already provides mappable /dev/hpetX devices, which gives
straight access to the HPET registers page.

Add yet another algorithm to the x86 'vdso' timehands. Libc is updated
to handle both RDTSC and HPET. For HPET, the index of the hpet device
to mmap is passed from kernel to userspace, index might be changed and
libc invalidates its mapping as needed.

Remove cpu_fill_vdso_timehands() KPI, instead require that
timecounters which can be used from userspace, to provide
tc_fill_vdso_timehands{,32}() methods. Merge i386 and amd64
libc/<arch>/sys/__vdso_gettc.c into one source file in the new
libc/x86/sys location. __vdso_gettc() internal interface is changed
to move timecounter algorithm detection into the MD code.

Measurements show that RDTSC even with the syscall overhead is faster
than userspace HPET access. But still, userspace HPET is three-four
times faster than syscall HPET on several Core2 and SandyBridge
machines.

Tested by: Howard Su <howard0su@gmail.com>
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation
MFC after: 1 month
Differential revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D7473

Implement mechanism to export some kernel timekeeping data to
usermode, using shared page. The structures and functions have vdso
prefix, to indicate the intended location of the code in some future.

The versioned per-algorithm data is exported in the format of struct
vdso_timehands, which mostly repeats the content of in-kernel struct
timehands. Usermode reading of the structure can be lockless.
Compatibility export for 32bit processes on 64bit host is also
provided. Kernel also provides usermode with indication about
currently used timecounter, so that libc can fall back to syscall if
configured timecounter is unknown to usermode code.

The shared data updates are initiated both from the tc_windup(), where
a fast task is queued to do the update, and from sysctl handlers which
change timecounter. A manual override switch
kern.timecounter.fast_gettime allows to turn off the mechanism.

Only x86 architectures export the real algorithm data, and there, only
for tsc timecounter. HPET counters page could be exported as well, but
I prefer to not further glue the kernel and libc ABI there until
proper vdso-based solution is developed.

Minimal stubs neccessary for non-x86 architectures to still compile
are provided.

Discussed with: bde
Reviewed by: jhb
Tested by: flo
MFC after: 1 month