sys/netinet/cc: Switch from deprecated random() to prng32()

Related: https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=277655

Signed-off-by: henrichhartzer@tuta.io
Reviewed by: imp, mav
Pull Request: https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd-src/pull/1162

tcp: use enum for all congestion control signals

Facilitate easier troubleshooting by enumerating
all congestion control signals. Typecast the
enum to int, when a congestion control module uses
private signals.

No external change.

Reviewed By: glebius, tuexen, #transport
Sponsored by: NetApp, Inc.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D43838

sys: Automated cleanup of cdefs and other formatting

Apply the following automated changes to try to eliminate
no-longer-needed sys/cdefs.h includes as well as now-empty
blank lines in a row.

Remove /^#if.*\n#endif.*\n#include\s+<sys/cdefs.h>.*\n/
Remove /\n+#include\s+<sys/cdefs.h>.*\n+#if.*\n#endif.*\n+/
Remove /\n+#if.*\n#endif.*\n+/
Remove /^#if.*\n#endif.*\n/
Remove /\n+#include\s+<sys/cdefs.h>\n#include\s+<sys/types.h>/
Remove /\n+#include\s+<sys/cdefs.h>\n#include\s+<sys/param.h>/
Remove /\n+#include\s+<sys/cdefs.h>\n#include\s+<sys/capsicum.h>/

Sponsored by: Netflix

sys: Remove $FreeBSD$: one-line .c pattern

Remove /^[\s*]*__FBSDID\("\$FreeBSD\$"\);?\s*\n/

spdx: The BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD identifier is obsolete, drop -FreeBSD

The SPDX folks have obsoleted the BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD identifier. Catch
up to that fact and revert to their recommended match of BSD-2-Clause.

Discussed with: pfg
MFC After: 3 days
Sponsored by: Netflix

tcp: embed inpcb into tcpcb

For the TCP protocol inpcb storage specify allocation size that would
provide space to most of the data a TCP connection needs, embedding
into struct tcpcb several structures, that previously were allocated
separately.

The most import one is the inpcb itself. With embedding we can provide
strong guarantee that with a valid TCP inpcb the tcpcb is always valid
and vice versa. Also we reduce number of allocs/frees per connection.
The embedded inpcb is placed in the beginning of the struct tcpcb,
since in_pcballoc() requires that. However, later we may want to move
it around for cache line efficiency, and this can be done with a little
effort. The new intotcpcb() macro is ready for such move.

The congestion algorithm data, the TCP timers and osd(9) data are
also embedded into tcpcb, and temprorary struct tcpcb_mem goes away.
There was no extra allocation here, but we went through extra pointer
every time we accessed this data.

One interesting side effect is that now TCP data is allocated from
SMR-protected zone. Potentially this allows the TCP stacks or other
TCP related modules to utilize that for their own synchronization.

Large part of the change was done with sed script:

s/tp->ccv->/tp->t_ccv./g
s/tp->ccv/\&tp->t_ccv/g
s/tp->cc_algo/tp->t_cc/g
s/tp->t_timers->tt_/tp->tt_/g
s/CCV\(ccv, osd\)/\&CCV(ccv, t_osd)/g

Dependency side effect is that code that needs to know struct tcpcb
should also know struct inpcb, that added several <netinet/in_pcb.h>.

Differential revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D37127

tcp: provide macros to access inpcb and socket from a tcpcb

There should be no functional changes with this commit.

Reviewed by: rscheff
Differential revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D37123

tcp: Congestion control cleanup.

NOTE: HEADS UP read the note below if your kernel config is not including GENERIC!!

This patch does a bit of cleanup on TCP congestion control modules. There were some rather
interesting surprises that one could get i.e. where you use a socket option to change
from one CC (say cc_cubic) to another CC (say cc_vegas) and you could in theory get
a memory failure and end up on cc_newreno. This is not what one would expect. The
new code fixes this by requiring a cc_data_sz() function so we can malloc with M_WAITOK
and pass in to the init function preallocated memory. The CC init is expected in this
case *not* to fail but if it does and a module does break the
"no fail with memory given" contract we do fall back to the CC that was in place at the time.

This also fixes up a set of common newreno utilities that can be shared amongst other
CC modules instead of the other CC modules reaching into newreno and executing
what they think is a "common and understood" function. Lets put these functions in
cc.c and that way we have a common place that is easily findable by future developers or
bug fixers. This also allows newreno to evolve and grow support for its features i.e. ABE
and HYSTART++ without having to dance through hoops for other CC modules, instead
both newreno and the other modules just call into the common functions if they desire
that behavior or roll there own if that makes more sense.

Note: This commit changes the kernel configuration!! If you are not using GENERIC in
some form you must add a CC module option (one of CC_NEWRENO, CC_VEGAS, CC_CUBIC,
CC_CDG, CC_CHD, CC_DCTCP, CC_HTCP, CC_HD). You can have more than one defined
as well if you desire. Note that if you create a kernel configuration that does not
define a congestion control module and includes INET or INET6 the kernel compile will
break. Also you need to define a default, generic adds 'options CC_DEFAULT=\"newreno\"
but you can specify any string that represents the name of the CC module (same names
that show up in the CC module list under net.inet.tcp.cc). If you fail to add the
options CC_DEFAULT in your kernel configuration the kernel build will also break.

Reviewed by: Michael Tuexen
Sponsored by: Netflix Inc.
RELNOTES:YES
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D32693

Add MODULE_VERSION to TCP loadable congestion control modules.

Without versioning information, using preexisting loader /
linker code is not easily possible when another module may
have dependencies on pre-loaded modules, and also doesn't
allow the automatic loading of dependent modules.

No functional change of the actual modules.

Reviewed by: tuexen (mentor), rgrimes (mentor)
Approved by: tuexen (mentor), rgrimes (mentor)
MFC after: 2 weeks
Sponsored by: NetApp, Inc.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D25744

Mark more nodes as CTLFLAG_MPSAFE or CTLFLAG_NEEDGIANT (17 of many)

r357614 added CTLFLAG_NEEDGIANT to make it easier to find nodes that are
still not MPSAFE (or already are but aren’t properly marked).
Use it in preparation for a general review of all nodes.

This is non-functional change that adds annotations to SYSCTL_NODE and
SYSCTL_PROC nodes using one of the soon-to-be-required flags.

Mark all obvious cases as MPSAFE. All entries that haven't been marked
as MPSAFE before are by default marked as NEEDGIANT

Approved by: kib (mentor, blanket)
Commented by: kib, gallatin, melifaro
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D23718

Fix bugs in plugable CC algorithm and siftr sysctls.

Use the sysctl_handle_int() handler to write out the old value and read
the new value into a temporary variable. Use the temporary variable
for any checks of values rather than using the CAST_PTR_INT() macro on
req->newptr. The prior usage read directly from userspace memory if the
sysctl() was called correctly. This is unsafe and doesn't work at all on
some architectures (at least i386.)

In some cases, the code could also be tricked into reading from kernel
memory and leaking limited information about the contents or crashing
the system. This was true for CDG, newreno, and siftr on all platforms
and true for i386 in all cases. The impact of this bug is largest in
VIMAGE jails which have been configured to allow writing to these
sysctls.

Per discussion with the security officer, we will not be issuing an
advisory for this issue as root access and a non-default config are
required to be impacted.

Reviewed by: markj, bz
Discussed with: gordon (security officer)
MFC after: 3 days
Security: kernel information leak, local DoS (both require root)
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D18443

Use the new VNET_DEFINE_STATIC macro when we are defining static VNET
variables.

Reviewed by: bz
Sponsored by: DARPA, AFRL
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D16147

NULL out cc_data in pluggable TCP {cc}_cb_destroy

When ABE was added (rS331214) to NewReno and leak fixed (rS333699) , it now has
a destructor (newreno_cb_destroy) for per connection state. Other congestion
controls may allocate and free cc_data on entry and exit, but the field is
never explicitly NULLed if moving back to NewReno which only internally
allocates stateful data (no entry contstructor) resulting in a situation where
newreno_cb_destory might be called on a junk pointer.

- NULL out cc_data in the framework after calling {cc}_cb_destroy
- free(9) checks for NULL so there is no need to perform not NULL checks
before calling free.
- Improve a comment about NewReno in tcp_ccalgounload

This is the result of a debugging session from Jason Wolfe, Jason Eggleston,
and mmacy@ and very helpful insight from lstewart@.

Submitted by: Kevin Bowling
Reviewed by: lstewart
Sponsored by: Limelight Networks
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D16282

sys: general adoption of SPDX licensing ID tags.

Mainly focus on files that use BSD 2-Clause license, however the tool I
was using misidentified many licenses so this was mostly a manual - error
prone - task.

The Software Package Data Exchange (SPDX) group provides a specification
to make it easier for automated tools to detect and summarize well known
opensource licenses. We are gradually adopting the specification, noting
that the tags are considered only advisory and do not, in any way,
superceed or replace the license texts.

No functional change intended.

Revert r307901 - Inform CC modules about loss events.

This was discussed between various transport@ members and it was
requested to be reverted and discussed.

Submitted by: Kevin Bowling <kevin.bowling@kev009.com>
Reported by: lawrence
Reviewed by: hiren
Sponsored by: Limelight Networks

Revert r308180 - Set slow start threshold more accurrately on loss ...

This was discussed between various transport@ members and it was
requested to be reverted and discussed.

Submitted by: kevin
Reported by: lawerence
Reviewed by: hiren

Set slow start threshold more accurately on loss to be flightsize/2 instead of
cwnd/2 as recommended by RFC5681. (spotted by mmacy at nextbsd dot org)

Restore pre-r307901 behavior of aligning ssthresh/cwnd on mss boundary. (spotted
by slawa at zxy dot spb dot ru)

Tested by: dim, Slawa <slawa at zxy dot spb dot ru>
MFC after: 1 month
X-MFC with: r307901
Sponsored by: Limelight Networks
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D8349

FreeBSD tcp stack used to inform respective congestion control module about the
loss event but not use or obay the recommendations i.e. values set by it in some
cases.

Here is an attempt to solve that confusion by following relevant RFCs/drafts.
Stack only sets congestion window/slow start threshold values when there is no
CC module availalbe to take that action. All CC modules are inspected and
updated when needed to take appropriate action on loss.

tcp_stacks/fastpath module has been updated to adapt these changes.

Note: Probably, the most significant change would be to not bring congestion
window down to 1MSS on a loss signaled by 3-duplicate acks and letting
respective CC decide that value.

In collaboration with: Matt Macy <mmacy at nextbsd dot org>
Discussed on: transport@ mailing list
Reviewed by: jtl
MFC after: 1 month
Sponsored by: Limelight Networks
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D8225

Undo r307899. It needs a bit more work and proper commit log.

In Collaboration with: Matt Macy <mmacy at nextbsd dot com>
Reviewed by: jtl
Sponsored by: Limelight Networks
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D8225

Rename netinet/tcp_cc.h to netinet/cc/cc.h.

Discussed with: lstewart

- Rename cc.h to more meaningful tcp_cc.h.
- Declare it a kernel only include, which it already is.
- Don't include tcp.h implicitly from tcp_cc.h

Cleanup TCP files from unnecessary interface related includes.

Remove SYSCTL_VNET_* macros, and simply put CTLFLAG_VNET where needed.

Sponsored by: Nginx, Inc.

Fix multiple incorrect SYSCTL arguments in the kernel:

- Wrong integer type was specified.

- Wrong or missing "access" specifier. The "access" specifier
sometimes included the SYSCTL type, which it should not, except for
procedural SYSCTL nodes.

- Logical OR where binary OR was expected.

- Properly assert the "access" argument passed to all SYSCTL macros,
using the CTASSERT macro. This applies to both static- and dynamically
created SYSCTLs.

- Properly assert the the data type for both static and dynamic
SYSCTLs. In the case of static SYSCTLs we only assert that the data
pointed to by the SYSCTL data pointer has the correct size, hence
there is no easy way to assert types in the C language outside a
C-function.

- Rewrote some code which doesn't pass a constant "access" specifier
when creating dynamic SYSCTL nodes, which is now a requirement.

- Updated "EXAMPLES" section in SYSCTL manual page.

MFC after: 3 days
Sponsored by: Mellanox Technologies

Staticize malloc types.

Approved by: lstewart
MFC after: 1 week

Use the full and proper company name for Swinburne University of Technology
throughout the source tree.

Requested by: Grenville Armitage, Director of CAIA at Swinburne University of
Technology
MFC after: 3 days

Import an implementation of the CAIA-Hamilton-Delay (CHD) congestion control
algorithm described in the paper "Improved coexistence and loss tolerance for
delay based TCP congestion control" by Hayes and Armitage. It is implemented as
a kernel module compatible with the recently committed modular congestion
control framework.

CHD enhances the approach taken by the Hamilton-Delay (HD) algorithm to provide
tolerance to non-congestion related packet loss and improvements to coexistence
with loss-based congestion control algorithms. A key idea in improving
coexistence with loss-based congestion control algorithms is the use of a shadow
window, which attempts to track how NewReno's congestion window (cwnd) would
evolve. At the next packet loss congestion event, CHD uses the shadow window to
correct cwnd in a way that reduces the amount of unfairness CHD experiences when
competing with loss-based algorithms.

In collaboration with: David Hayes <dahayes at swin edu au> and
Grenville Armitage <garmitage at swin edu au>
Sponsored by: FreeBSD Foundation
Reviewed by: bz and others along the way
MFC after: 3 months