libc: Purge unneeded cdefs.h

These sys/cdefs.h are not needed. Purge them. They are mostly left-over
from the $FreeBSD$ removal. A few in libc are still required for macros
that cdefs.h defines. Keep those.

Sponsored by: Netflix
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D42385

Remove $FreeBSD$: one-line .c pattern

Remove /^[\s*]*__FBSDID\("\$FreeBSD\$"\);?\s*\n/

libc: drop "All rights reserved" from Foundation copyrights

This has already been done for most files that have the Foundation as
the only listed copyright holder. Do it now for files that list
multiple copyright holders, but have the Foundation copyright in its own
section.

Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation

libc: further adoption of SPDX licensing ID tags.

Mainly focus on files that use BSD 2-Clause license, however the tool I
was using mis-identified many licenses so this was mostly a manual - error
prone - task.

The Software Package Data Exchange (SPDX) group provides a specification
to make it easier for automated tools to detect and summarize well known
opensource licenses. We are gradually adopting the specification, noting
that the tags are considered only advisory and do not, in any way,
superceed or replace the license texts.

Implement xlocale APIs from Darwin, mainly for use by libc++. This adds a
load of _l suffixed versions of various standard library functions that use
the global locale, making them take an explicit locale parameter. Also
adds support for per-thread locales. This work was funded by the FreeBSD
Foundation.

Please test any code you have that uses the C standard locale functions!

Reviewed by: das (gdtoa changes)
Approved by: dim (mentor)

A new jail(8) with a configuration file, to replace the work currently done
by /etc/rc.d/jail.

I feel this wording of the history is more clear.
ANSIfy vasprintf() while I'm here.

- Use an initializer macro to initialize fields in 'fake' FILE objects used
by *sprintf(), etc.
- Explicitly initialize _fl_mutex to PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER for all FILE
objects. This is currently a nop on FreeBSD, but is import for other
platforms (or in the future) where PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER is not simply
zero.

PR: threads/141198
Reported by: Jeremy Huddleston @ Apple
MFC after: 2 weeks

Create the altix project branch. The altix project will add support
for the SGI Altix 350 to FreeBSD/ia64. The hardware used for porting
is a two-module system, consisting of a base compute module and a
CPU expansion module. SGI's NUMAFlex architecture can be an excellent
platform to test CPU affinity and NUMA-aware features in FreeBSD.

- Import the HEAD csup code which is the basis for the cvsmode work.

Next stage of stdio cleanup: Retire __sFILEX and merge the fields back into
__sFILE. This was supposed to be done in 6.0. Some notes:
- Where possible I restored the various lines to their pre-__sFILEX state.
- Retire INITEXTRA() and just initialize the wchar bits (orientation and
mbstate) explicitly instead. The various places that used INITEXTRA
didn't need the locking fields or _up initialized. (Some places needed
_up to exist and not be off the end of a NULL or garbage pointer, but
they didn't require it to be initialized to a specific value.)
- For now, stdio.h "knows" that pthread_t is a 'struct pthread *' to
avoid namespace pollution of including all the pthread types in stdio.h.
Once we remove all the inlines and make __sFILE private it can go back
to using pthread_t, etc.
- This does not remove any of the inlines currently and does not change
any of the public ABI of 'FILE'.

MFC after: 1 month
Reviewed by: peter

Back out previous, free the buffer when __vfprintf() fails and don't bother
trying to shrink the buffer with realloc() before returning it.

Sync with OpenBSD: avoid memory leak when __vfprintf() fails because it
runs out of memory, always call va_end.

o Merge <machine/ansi.h> and <machine/types.h> into a new header
called <machine/_types.h>.
o <machine/ansi.h> will continue to live so it can define MD clock
macros, which are only MD because of gratuitous differences between
architectures.
o Change all headers to make use of this. This mainly involves
changing:
#ifdef _BSD_FOO_T_
typedef _BSD_FOO_T_ foo_t;
#undef _BSD_FOO_T_
#endif
to:
#ifndef _FOO_T_DECLARED
typedef __foo_t foo_t;
#define _FOO_T_DECLARED
#endif

Concept by: bde
Reviewed by: jake, obrien

Leave room for a trailing NUL not a NULL, that's not an ASCII character.

Basic support for wide character I/O: getwc(), fgetwc(), getwchar(),
putwc(), fputwc(), putwchar(), ungetwc(), fwide().

Fix the style of the SCM ID's.
I believe have made all of libc .c's as consistent as possible.

Remove _THREAD_SAFE and make libc thread-safe by default by
adding (weak definitions to) stubs for some of the pthread
functions. If the threads library is linked in, the real
pthread functions will pulled in.

Use the following convention for system calls wrapped by the
threads library:
__sys_foo - actual system call
_foo - weak definition to __sys_foo
foo - weak definition to __sys_foo

Change all libc uses of system calls wrapped by the threads
library from foo to _foo. In order to define the prototypes
for _foo(), we introduce namespace.h and un-namespace.h
(suggested by bde). All files that need to reference these
system calls, should include namespace.h before any standard
includes, then include un-namespace.h after the standard
includes and before any local includes. <db.h> is an exception
and shouldn't be included in between namespace.h and
un-namespace.h namespace.h will define foo to _foo, and
un-namespace.h will undefine foo.

Try to eliminate some of the recursive calls to MT-safe
functions in libc/stdio in preparation for adding a mutex
to FILE. We have recursive mutexes, but would like to avoid
using them if possible.

Remove uneeded includes of <errno.h> from a few files.

Add $FreeBSD$ to a few files in order to pass commitprep.

Approved by: -arch

$Id$ -> $FreeBSD$

Replace memory leaking instances of realloc with non-leaking reallocf.
In some cases replace if (a == null) a = malloc(x); else a =
realloc(a, x); with simple reallocf(a, x). Per ANSI-C, this is
guaranteed to be the same thing.

I've been running these on my system here w/o ill effects for some
time. However, the CTM-express is at part 6 of 34 for the CAM
changes, so I've not been able to do a build world with the CAM in the
tree with these changes. Shouldn't impact anything, but...

Replace my original asprintf() and vasprintf() hacks with something
more cleanly integrated with stdio. This should be faster and cleaner
since it doesn't memcpy() the data into a seperate buffer. This lets
stdio allocate and manage the buffer and then hand it over to the user.

Obtained from: Todd Miller <Todd.Miller@courtesan.com> via OpenBSD

Added #include <string.h> to get prototypes.

Rework previous commit.. I was confused by the number of diffs in the PR
and forgot what I was trying to do originally and accidently zapped
a feature. :-] The problem is that we are converting a counted buffer in
a malloc pool into a null terminated C-style string. I was calling realloc
originally to shrink the buffer to the desired size. If realloc failed, we
still returned the valid buffer - the only thing wrong was it was a tad
too large. The previous commit disabled this.

This commit now handles the three cases..
1: the buffer is exactly right for the null byte to terminate the
string (we don't call realloc).
2: it's got h.left = 0, so we must expand it to make room. If realloc
fails here, it's fatal.
3: if there's too much room, we realloc to shrink it - a failed realloc
is not fatal, we use the original buffer which is still valid.

Fix off-by-one error

PR: 3451
Submitted by: Tim Vanderhoek <ac199@hwcn.org>

Revert $FreeBSD$ to $Id$

Make the long-awaited change from $Id$ to $FreeBSD$

This will make a number of things easier in the future, as well as (finally!)
avoiding the Id-smashing problem which has plagued developers for so long.

Boy, I'm glad we're not using sup anymore. This update would have been
insane otherwise.

Fix some of the problems that bde pointed out to me some time ago.
- buffer expansions were not working right due to a return code botch.
- signed types instead of size_t's meant somebody else went and put
casts in, I've changed the types to what they should have been.

Suggested by: Bruce Evans, Jeffrey Hsu, Gary Palmer

Added $Id$'s to files that were lacking them (gpalmer), made some
cosmetic changes to conform to style guidelines (bde) and checked
against NetBSD and Lite2 to remove unnecessary divergences (hsu, bde)

One last code cleanup:-

Removed spurious casts in fseek.c and stdio.c.
Added missing function argument in fwalk.c.
Added missing header include in flags.c and rget.c.
Put in casts where int's were being passed as size_t's.
Put in missing prototypes for static functions.
Changed second args of __sflags() inflags.c and writehook() in vasprintf.c
from char * to const char * to conform to prototypes.

This directory now compiles with no warnings with -Wall under
gcc-2.6.3 and with considerably less warnings than before with the
ultra-pedantic script I used for testing. (Most of the remaining ones
are due to const poisoning).

Add an implementation of the gnu-ish asprintf() and vasprintf(). They are
not based on gpl'ed code, just prototype and usage. I'm not 100% certain
they behave the same while the system is in trouble (eg: malloc() failing)
but in those circumstances all bets would be off anyway.

These routines work like sprintf() and vsprintf(), except that instead of
using a fixed buffer, they allocate memory and return it to the user
and it's the user's responsibility to free() it. They have allocate as
much memory as they need (and can get), so the size of strings it can deal
with is limited only by the amount of memory it can malloc() on your
behalf.

There are a few gpl'ed programs starting to use this interface, and it's
becoming more common with the scares about security risks with sprintf().
I dont like the look of the code that the various programs (including
cvs, gdb, libg++, etc) provide if configure can't find it on the system.

It should be possible to modify the stdio core code to provide this
interface more efficiently, I was more worried about having something
that worked and was secure. :-) (I noticed that there was once intended
to be a smprintf() routine when our stdio was written for 4.4BSD, but it
looks pretty stillborn, and it's intended interface is not clear). Since
Linux and gnu libc have this interface, it seemed silly to bring yet
another one onto the scene.