MFC r31956[12]: Teach primes(6) to enumerate primes up to 2^64 - 1.

Approved by: re (delphij)
Relnotes: primes(6) now enumerates primes beyond 3825123056546413050,
up to a new limit of 2^64 - 1.
> Description of fields to fill in above: 76 columns --|
> PR: If and which Problem Report is related.
> Submitted by: If someone else sent in the change.
> Reported by: If someone else reported the issue.
> Reviewed by: If someone else reviewed your modification.
> Approved by: If you needed approval for this commit.
> Obtained from: If the change is from a third party.
> MFC after: N [day[s]|week[s]|month[s]]. Request a reminder email.
> MFH: Ports tree branch name. Request approval for merge.
> Relnotes: Set to 'yes' for mention in release notes.
> Security: Vulnerability reference (one per line) or description.
> Sponsored by: If the change was sponsored by an organization.
> Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D### (*full* phabric URL needed).
> Empty fields above will be automatically removed.

_M .
M usr.bin/factor/factor.6
M usr.bin/primes/primes.c
M usr.bin/primes/primes.h
M usr.bin/primes/spsp.c

Copy head@r302406 to stable/11 as part of the 11.0-RELEASE cycle.
Prune svn:mergeinfo from the new branch, as nothing has been merged
here.

Additional commits post-branch will follow.

Approved by: re (implicit)
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation

Final step of eliminating the "games" distribution: Merge src/games
(or what's left of it, at least) into src/usr.bin.

This change will not be MFCed.

Discussed at: EuroBSDCon 2014
Committed from: EuroBSDCon 2015

Switch primes(6) from using unsigned long to using uint64_t. This fixes
'limited range of type' warnings about comparisons on 32-bit systems, and
allows 32-bit systems to compute the full range of primes.

Correctly enumerate primes between 4295098369 and 3825123056546413050.

Prior to this commit, primes(6) relied solely on sieving with primes up
to 65537, with the effect that composite numbers which are the product
of two non-16-bit primes would be incorrectly identified as prime. For
example,
# primes 1099511627800 1099511627820
would output
1099511627803
1099511627807
1099511627813
when in fact only the first of those values is prime.

This commit adds strong pseudoprime tests to validate the candidates
which pass the initial sieving stage, using bases of 2, 3, 5, 7, 11,
13, 17, 19, and 23. Thanks to papers from C. Pomerance, J.L. Selfridge,
and S.S. Wagstaff, Jr.; G. Jaeschke; and Y. Jiang and Y. Deng, we know
that the smallest value which passes these tests is 3825123056546413051.

At present we do not know how many strong pseudoprime tests are required
to prove primality for values larger than 3825123056546413050, so we
force primes(6) to stop at that point.

Reviewed by: jmg
Relnotes: primes(6) now correctly enumerates primes up to
3825123056546413050
MFC after: 7 days
Sponsored by: EuroBSDCon devsummit

Remove the third clause for the Berkeley parts of games, per the
letter in /COPYRIGHT.

Last commit was slightly hasty: #include <string.h> is required on
-CURRENT to be WARNS-safe (but not -STABLE for some reason)

Kill obsolete #include <memory.h> which I didn't spot earlier because
it's still in the NetBSD version.

Style fixes to: #include ordering; use const and static; ANSI functions;
various usage synopses; bogus and/or unnecessary casting; exit values;
use LINE_MAX instead of magic numbers; declare extern variables in a
header; add $FreeBSD$ where missing.

Reviewed by: markm, obrien
Obtained from: NetBSD | fanf

staticize functions and variables
change function declarations to ANSI
change a variable that stores sizeof() values to size_t
use return to escape the end of main(), not exit(3)

Remove __P
Remove __STDC__ (which means we now use stdarg rather than vararg)
Remove register
Remove main prototype

Fix a typo. While 'iff' might make sense in a mathematics-related text,
'if and only iff' does not.

PR: 33242
Submitted by: Eric Yu <ericyu@mail2000.com.tw>

copyright/sccsid/rcsid cleanup.

Sync our register usage with NetBSD's (non-)usage.

Add $FreeBSD$

Fix printf errors in the hflag case.
Fix old bug with bogus casing to (long).
Document the true limits of factor on 64-bit architectures.

Submitted by: bde

added -h flag to allow for hexidecimal output.
Use '0' for base rather than 10 to allow for more flexible input bases.

Inspired by changes in PR 7402, but mostly redone by me to get past
bde filter.

Submitted by: Timo J. Rinne
PR: 7402

Revert the last commit, it made the Bruce filter flip:

PR7402 was even less suitable for committing almost verbatim than at
first appearance. Rev.1.9 of primes.c has at least the following defects.

- no update for man page.
- no update for usage string.
- blowing away of a previous commit to change EOF to -1 in getopt() test.
- blowing away of a previous commit to fix printf format errors.
- new printf format errors.
- one gratuitous ANSIism.
- two style bugs.
- ... and a partition in a pear tree.

PR: 7402

Games primes and factor don't understand hexadecimals.
This would make these `games' somewhat useful tools.

PR: 7402
Reviewed by: phk
Submitted by: Timo J. Rinne <tri@iki.fi>

Fixed printf format errors.

Cast pointers to longs, not ints.

Hopefully that's the last of the 64-bit cleaning of src/games. That is,
without adding -Wall to the compiler flags. That's not a pretty sight.

Wargh! Who went and changed all the getopt() comparisons from -1 to
EOF? The getopt(3) manpage clearly states that the return value is *-1*,
not EOF! Besides, getopt(3) isn't reading from a file. :)

Noticed-while: merging to 2.2 (where this is correct).

Remove so-called revoke, this game never installed sguid

Change games from setuid games to setgid games.

Reviewed by: maybe@yes.no
Obtained from: OpenBSD (mostly deraadt@openbsd.org)

Merge from Lite2 (oops, nearly forgot these ones)

Remove trailing whitespace.

This commit was generated by cvs2svn to compensate for changes in r2490,
which included commits to RCS files with non-trunk default branches.

Bring in the 4.4 Lite games directory, modulo man page changes and segregation
of the x11 based games. I'm not going to tag the originals with bsd_44_lite
and do this in two stages since it's just not worth it for this collection,
and I've got directory renames to deal with that way. Bleah.
Submitted by: jkh