MFC r359680: mail/gprof/tip: tap with the ugly stick

The ugly stick here is this bit in the respective headers:

#ifndef EXTERN
#define EXTERN extern
#endif

with a follow-up #define EXTERN in a single .c file to push all of their
definitions into one spot. A pass should be made over these three later to
push these definitions into the correct files instead, but this will suffice
for now and at a more leisurely pace.

Revert r330897:

This was intended to be a non-functional change. It wasn't. The commit
message was thus wrong. In addition it broke arm, and merged crypto
related code.

Revert with prejudice.

This revert skips files touched in r316370 since that commit was since
MFCed. This revert also skips files that require $FreeBSD$ property
changes.

Thank you to those who helped me get out of this mess including but not
limited to gonzo, kevans, rgrimes.

Requested by: gjb (re)

Partial merge of the SPDX changes

These changes are incomplete but are making it difficult
to determine what other changes can/should be merged.

No objections from: pfg

Copy head@r302406 to stable/11 as part of the 11.0-RELEASE cycle.
Prune svn:mergeinfo from the new branch, as nothing has been merged
here.

Additional commits post-branch will follow.

Approved by: re (implicit)
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation

Remove ia64.

This includes:
o All directories named *ia64*
o All files named *ia64*
o All ia64-specific code guarded by __ia64__
o All ia64-specific makefile logic
o Mention of ia64 in comments and documentation

This excludes:
o Everything under contrib/
o Everything under crypto/
o sys/xen/interface
o sys/sys/elf_common.h

Discussed at: BSDcan

rework old-style functions prototypes
reduce WARNS=6 output

Remove the advertising clause from UCB copyrighted files in usr.bin. This
is in accordance with the information provided at
ftp://ftp.cs.berkeley.edu/pub/4bsd/README.Impt.License.Change

Also add $FreeBSD$ to a few files to keep svn happy.

Discussed with: imp, rwatson

Add mips support.

Remove alpha-specific stuff.

Use a proper prototype for hertz().

Retire support for gprof's -c option. All our currently supported
architectures only provide a dummy implementation.

Silence on: current@

Build/install gprof on amd64 as well, after repocopying the MD bits.
Not that it has anything to process yet, but that comes next.

Fixed total disorder of MD includes.

Disorder buffer overflowed by: arm commit

Some arm bits for gprof.

Remove MD bits for unsupported architectures.

Add powerpc.h. Still missing powerpc.[ch] in gprof, but this gets
the MI stuff out of the way.

Approved: re (rwatson)

Remove done() which was just exit() so use of warn()/err() can be made. Abort
on allocation failure instead of displaying a warning and deferencing NULL
pointer after. Spelling. Add prototypes. Add list of option in synopsis section
of man page, -d is not referenced because available as a compile option. It
should be made a runtime option btw.

Check for defined(__i386__) instead of just defined(i386) since the compiler
will be updated to only define(__i386__) for ANSI cleanliness.

Make this build on sparc64.

Support runtime specification of the history counter type by whatever
generated the gmon data. The support is currently limited to what is
easy to implement and/or needed:

signedess: signed or insigned
size: 8, 16, 32 or 64 bits
format: a binary integer in gprof's format (gprof is not a cross-tool).

High-resolution kernel profiling uses signed 64-bit counters. Normal
kernel profiling and user profiling use unsigned 16-bit counters but
should use 32-bit ones.

Fixed some misspellings of 2 as sizeof(UNIT) so that they won't break
things when sizeof(UNIT) becomes a runtime parameter. The relevant 2
is the one in profil(2)'s scaling of pc's to bucket numbers:

bucket = (pc - offset) / 2 * profil_scale / 65536

gprof(1) must duplicate this scaling, bug for bug compatibly, so it
must first do an integer division by 2 although this mainly makes
scales larger than 65536 useless. sizeof(UNIT) was already wrong in
gprof4, but there were no problems because the fake profil scale is a
multiple of 2.

There are also some rounding bugs in the scaling, but these are only
problems if profil(2) is used directly to create unusual (and not
useful) scales.

Moved the definition of the machine-independent macro UNITS_TO_CODE
from <number of machines> machine-dependent headers to the one
non-header here it is used so that it is easier to fix. This macro
just divides the machine-dependent offset OFFSET_OF_CODE by the
machine-independent scale factor sizeof(UNIT), as required for bug
for bug compatibility with the scaling of pc's in gprof.c. UNIT is
the type of a profiling counter, and its size has nothing to do with
the correct scale factor except both are usually 2.

Add -K support to gprof(1), which enables dynamic symbol resolution from
the currently-running kernel (and supercedes an executable file argument
given). With this change, properly-compiled KLD modules are now
able to be profiled.

Obtained from: NAI Labs CBOSS project
Funded by: DARPA

Add ia64 support (stubs, just like i386, alpha)

Enable gprof on alpha.
* alpha.{c,h} are same as i386.{c,h}.
* Force address calculation to be done in long precision(64bit on alpha)
rather than double precision(52bit).

Construct the profile file name from the name of the executable. A program
compiled with -pg and run will generate a file <executable-filename>.gmon,
not gmon.out.

PR: bin/8426

Make profiling work for ELF. gprof now autodetects the format of
the executable file, so it will work for both a.out and ELF format
files. I have split the object format specific code into separate
source files. It's cleaner than it was before, but it's still
pretty crufty.

Don't cheat on your make world for this update. A lot of things
have to be rebuilt for it to work, including the compiler and all
of the profiled libraries.

32-bit counters aren't large enough for 100+MHz clocks. Use 64-bit
counters. `4' in GPROF4 and gprof4 now means 8. gprof4 needs to be
recompiled to match the kernel.

Use err(3).

Use a (signed) int32_t counter instead of an `unsigned int' counter
for the GPROF4 case. This allows a simpler method to be used for
non-statistical profiling (it allows overhead adjustments to be
subtracted from one counter without harm if that counter goes
negative; otherwise the adjustment would have to be distributed).

32 bit counters were already too small for GPROF4 with a 200MHz
clock. int64_t counters should be used.

Implemented non-statistical kernel profiling. This is based on
looking at a high resolution clock for each of the following events:
function call, function return, interrupt entry, interrupt exit,
and interesting branches. The differences between the times of
these events are added at appropriate places in a ordinary histogram
(as if very fast statistical profiling sampled the pc at those
places) so that ordinary gprof can be used to analyze the times.

gmon.h:
Histogram counters need to be 4 bytes for microsecond resolutions.
They will need to be larger for the 586 clock.
The comments were vax-centric and wrong even on vaxes. Does anyone
disagree?

gprof4.c:
The standard gprof should support counters of all integral sizes
and the size of the counter should be in the gmon header. This
hack will do until then. (Use gprof4 -u to examine the results
of non-statistical profiling.)

config/*:
Non-statistical profiling is configured with `config -pp'.
`config -p' still gives ordinary profiling.

kgmon/*:
Non-statistical profiling is enabled with `kgmon -B'. `kgmon -b'
still enables ordinary profiling (and distables non-statistical
profiling) if non-statistical profiling is configured.

Remove trailing whitespace.

This commit was generated by cvs2svn to compensate for changes in r1590,
which included commits to RCS files with non-trunk default branches.

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