MFC r359680: mail/gprof/tip: tap with the ugly stick

The ugly stick here is this bit in the respective headers:

#ifndef EXTERN
#define EXTERN extern
#endif

with a follow-up #define EXTERN in a single .c file to push all of their
definitions into one spot. A pass should be made over these three later to
push these definitions into the correct files instead, but this will suffice
for now and at a more leisurely pace.

Revert r330897:

This was intended to be a non-functional change. It wasn't. The commit
message was thus wrong. In addition it broke arm, and merged crypto
related code.

Revert with prejudice.

This revert skips files touched in r316370 since that commit was since
MFCed. This revert also skips files that require $FreeBSD$ property
changes.

Thank you to those who helped me get out of this mess including but not
limited to gonzo, kevans, rgrimes.

Requested by: gjb (re)

Partial merge of the SPDX changes

These changes are incomplete but are making it difficult
to determine what other changes can/should be merged.

No objections from: pfg

Copy head@r302406 to stable/11 as part of the 11.0-RELEASE cycle.
Prune svn:mergeinfo from the new branch, as nothing has been merged
here.

Additional commits post-branch will follow.

Approved by: re (implicit)
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation

Use NULL instead of 0 for pointers.

MFC after: 2 weeks

rework old-style functions prototypes
reduce WARNS=6 output

Remove the advertising clause from UCB copyrighted files in usr.bin. This
is in accordance with the information provided at
ftp://ftp.cs.berkeley.edu/pub/4bsd/README.Impt.License.Change

Also add $FreeBSD$ to a few files to keep svn happy.

Discussed with: imp, rwatson

If running with "-K" really do not information about symbols from the a.out
argument. Before this fix, after searching the currently-running kernel,
we would still search the a.out argument - completely override the in-kernel
list, essentially defeating the K flag's purpose.

PR: 47387
Submitted by: Ryan Beasley <ryanb@goddamnbastard.org>

Fix a few cases that relied on 'implicit int' (constraint violation in C99).

Retire support for gprof's -c option. All our currently supported
architectures only provide a dummy implementation.

Silence on: current@

Include <string.h> for prototypes of various string functions.

Approved by: das (mentor)

Remove MD bits for unsupported architectures.

Remove done() which was just exit() so use of warn()/err() can be made. Abort
on allocation failure instead of displaying a warning and deferencing NULL
pointer after. Spelling. Add prototypes. Add list of option in synopsis section
of man page, -d is not referenced because available as a compile option. It
should be made a runtime option btw.

Consistently use FBSDID

Fix preprocessor directive syntax (text after #endif).
The style of this program is still atrocious (not fixed).

Include <stdint.h> for definition of intmax_t and/or uintmax_t.

Support runtime specification of the history counter type by whatever
generated the gmon data. The support is currently limited to what is
easy to implement and/or needed:

signedess: signed or insigned
size: 8, 16, 32 or 64 bits
format: a binary integer in gprof's format (gprof is not a cross-tool).

High-resolution kernel profiling uses signed 64-bit counters. Normal
kernel profiling and user profiling use unsigned 16-bit counters but
should use 32-bit ones.

Fixed some misspellings of 2 as sizeof(UNIT) so that they won't break
things when sizeof(UNIT) becomes a runtime parameter. The relevant 2
is the one in profil(2)'s scaling of pc's to bucket numbers:

bucket = (pc - offset) / 2 * profil_scale / 65536

gprof(1) must duplicate this scaling, bug for bug compatibly, so it
must first do an integer division by 2 although this mainly makes
scales larger than 65536 useless. sizeof(UNIT) was already wrong in
gprof4, but there were no problems because the fake profil scale is a
multiple of 2.

There are also some rounding bugs in the scaling, but these are only
problems if profil(2) is used directly to create unusual (and not
useful) scales.

Fixed printf format errors. In printgprof.c, also convert the scale
without possibly losing lots of precision, and print the scale using
%g instead of %d in case it is non-integral. %g might not be the best
format for this.

Moved the definition of the machine-independent macro UNITS_TO_CODE
from <number of machines> machine-dependent headers to the one
non-header here it is used so that it is easier to fix. This macro
just divides the machine-dependent offset OFFSET_OF_CODE by the
machine-independent scale factor sizeof(UNIT), as required for bug
for bug compatibility with the scaling of pc's in gprof.c. UNIT is
the type of a profiling counter, and its size has nothing to do with
the correct scale factor except both are usually 2.

Add -K support to gprof(1), which enables dynamic symbol resolution from
the currently-running kernel (and supercedes an executable file argument
given). With this change, properly-compiled KLD modules are now
able to be profiled.

Obtained from: NAI Labs CBOSS project
Funded by: DARPA

$Id$ -> $FreeBSD$

Enable gprof on alpha.
* alpha.{c,h} are same as i386.{c,h}.
* Force address calculation to be done in long precision(64bit on alpha)
rather than double precision(52bit).

Construct the profile file name from the name of the executable. A program
compiled with -pg and run will generate a file <executable-filename>.gmon,
not gmon.out.

PR: bin/8426

Make profiling work for ELF. gprof now autodetects the format of
the executable file, so it will work for both a.out and ELF format
files. I have split the object format specific code into separate
source files. It's cleaner than it was before, but it's still
pretty crufty.

Don't cheat on your make world for this update. A lot of things
have to be rebuilt for it to work, including the compiler and all
of the profiled libraries.

Don't ignore symbols containing "$". C++ destructors and other
special functions have names containing dollar signs, and ignoring
them causes gprof to produce incorrect and sometimes bizarre results.
The comment in the original code said that dollar signs were excluded
because they are used in Pascal labels. That's not much of an
issue these days.

Revert to original style.

Use err(3).

Remove trailing whitespace.

Added much-needed new options -[lL], to suppress printing of either the
call-graph or the flat profile, since often you only want one of them.

New flag -u to suppress functions whose name does not begin with an
underscore. Use it to avoid seeing badsw when profiling the kernel.

Print times more accurately (e.g. usec in %8.0f format instead of
msec in %8.2f format for averages) if hz >= 10000. This should have
no effect now since profhz is only 1024.

This commit was generated by cvs2svn to compensate for changes in r1590,
which included commits to RCS files with non-trunk default branches.

BSD 4.4 Lite Usr.bin Sources