MFC r325233, r328956, r329170, r329172-r329173, r329224, r330403-r330407,
r330411-r330412, r330416, r330430-r330431, r330433, r330528-r330529,
r330767

r325233:
[i2c/clock] add support for EPSON RTC-8583

RTC-8583 is time-of-day clock used in some SOHO routers. This clock has
only 2 bits for year values, but thanks to user SRAM it's possible to save
year value and keep it up to date via driver code.

Tested on Planex_MZK-W300NAG (SoC is RT2880)

Submitted by: Hiroki Mori <yamori83@yahoo.co.jp>
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D12833

r328956:
Use const pointers for input data not modified by clock utility functions.

r329170:
Replace the existing print_ct() private debugging function with a set of
three public functions to format and print the three major data structures
used by realtime clock drivers (clocktime, bcd_clocktime, and timespec).

r329172:
Add a set of convenience routines for RTC drivers to use for debug output,
and a debug.clock_show_io sysctl to control debugging output.

r329173:
Add a new sysctl, debug.clock_do_io, to allow manully triggering a one-shot
read or write of all registered realtime clocks. In the read case, the
values read are simply discarded. For writes, there's no alternative but
to actually write the current system time to the device.

r329224:
Fix bad indentation. Whitespace only, no functional changes.

Reported by: bde@

r330403:
Add calls to the new clock_dbgprint_xxx() functions.

r330404:
Add calls to the new clock_dbgprint_xxx() functions.

r330405:
Oops, fix a paste-o.

r330406:
Add calls to the new clock_dbgprint_xxx() functions.

r330407:
Add calls to the new clock_dbgprint_xxx() functions. Also, stop applying
a local .5 second adjustment to the time, since that is now done by the
code in subr_rtc.c.

r330411:
Convert to the new(ish) bcd_clocktime conversion functions, add calls to
the new debug output functions, and when setting the clock, propagate the
timespec nsecs to the 1/100ths register.

r330412:
Build iicbus/rtc8583 as a module.

r330416:
The year is stored in a single byte in sram, in binary format, as a count
of years since the century, so strip the century out when converting to or
from bcd_clocktime format (the conversion routines will infer century by
pivoting on 70).

r330430:
Switch to the new bcd_clocktime conversion routines, and add calls to the
new clock_dbgprint_xxx() functions.

r330431:
Switch to the new bcd_clocktime conversion routines, and add calls to the
new clock_dbgprint_xxx() functions.

r330433:
Switch to the new bcd_clocktime conversion routines, and add calls to the
new clock_dbgprint_xxx() functions.

r330528:
Fix a paste-o that broke the build. There is no softc pointer here, just
use the dev arg.

Reported by: Jonathan Looney <jonlooney@gmail.com>
Pointy hat: ian@

r330529:
Build the ds1672 driver as a module. Add a detach() to unregister the rtc.

r330767:
Convert atrtc the new style rtc debugging output. Remove the db show
command handler which provided much the same information. Removing the
possibility of accessing the hardware regs from the debugger context
paves the way for simplifying the locking code in the driver.

Copy head@r302406 to stable/11 as part of the 11.0-RELEASE cycle.
Prune svn:mergeinfo from the new branch, as nothing has been merged
here.

Additional commits post-branch will follow.

Approved by: re (implicit)
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation

Where appropriate, use the modern terms for the one true time base
(UTC) rather than the archaic (GMT) in comments. Except where the
comments are making fun of people doing this (and pedants who insist
on the new terms).

Fix a comment typo; conversion tables are for leap years, not leap seconds.

Fix typo.

MFC after: 3 days

Use ISO C99 integer types in sys/kern where possible.

There are only about 100 occurences of the BSD-specific u_int*_t
datatypes in sys/kern. The ISO C99 integer types are used here more
often.

Better naming of fattime conversion functions, they do convert to timespec
after all.

Add 'utc' argument to control if fattimestamps are on UTC or local timezone
calendar.

Add two new functions to convert FAT filesystem format timestamps
to and from struct timespec, to replace the crummy conversion
function which have been copy&pasted into three different
filesystems already.

Apart from general crummyness as indicated by code like:

for (year = 1970;; year++) {
inc = year & 0x03 ? 365 : 366;
if (days < inc)
break;
days -= inc;
}

They also contain specialized crummyness which tries to compensate
for the general crummyness by caching recent conversion results,
with no regard for locking or consistency.

These replacement functions are smaller, O(1) and handle the Y2.1K
leap-year correctly.

Ideally, these functions should live in a module of their own,
which the three offending filesystems would depend on, but the
size is 877 bytes of code (on i386), so that would be false
economy.