Revert r330897:

This was intended to be a non-functional change. It wasn't. The commit
message was thus wrong. In addition it broke arm, and merged crypto
related code.

Revert with prejudice.

This revert skips files touched in r316370 since that commit was since
MFCed. This revert also skips files that require $FreeBSD$ property
changes.

Thank you to those who helped me get out of this mess including but not
limited to gonzo, kevans, rgrimes.

Requested by: gjb (re)

Partial merge of the SPDX changes

These changes are incomplete but are making it difficult
to determine what other changes can/should be merged.

No objections from: pfg

Copy head@r302406 to stable/11 as part of the 11.0-RELEASE cycle.
Prune svn:mergeinfo from the new branch, as nothing has been merged
here.

Additional commits post-branch will follow.

Approved by: re (implicit)
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation

x86: for pointers replace 0 with NULL.

These are mostly cosmetical, no functional change.

Found with devel/coccinelle.

Add a mmap flag (MAP_32BIT) on 64-bit platforms to request that a mapping use
an address in the first 2GB of the process's address space. This flag should
have the same semantics as the same flag on Linux.

To facilitate this, add a new parameter to vm_map_find() that specifies an
optional maximum virtual address. While here, fix several callers of
vm_map_find() to use a VMFS_* constant for the findspace argument instead of
TRUE and FALSE.

Reviewed by: alc
Approved by: re (kib)

Replace kernel virtual address space allocation with vmem. This provides
transparent layering and better fragmentation.

- Normalize functions that allocate memory to use kmem_*
- Those that allocate address space are named kva_*
- Those that operate on maps are named kmap_*
- Implement recursive allocation handling for kmem_arena in vmem.

Reviewed by: alc
Tested by: pho
Sponsored by: EMC / Isilon Storage Division

The r241025 fixed the case when a binary, executed from nullfs mount,
was still possible to open for write from the lower filesystem. There
is a symmetric situation where the binary could already has file
descriptors opened for write, but it can be executed from the nullfs
overlay.

Handle the issue by passing one v_writecount reference to the lower
vnode if nullfs vnode has non-zero v_writecount. Note that only one
write reference can be donated, since nullfs only keeps one use
reference on the lower vnode. Always use the lower vnode v_writecount
for the checks.

Introduce the VOP_GET_WRITECOUNT to read v_writecount, which is
currently always bypassed to the lower vnode, and VOP_ADD_WRITECOUNT
to manipulate the v_writecount value, which manages a single bypass
reference to the lower vnode. Caling the VOPs instead of directly
accessing v_writecount provide the fix described in the previous
paragraph.

Tested by: pho
MFC after: 3 weeks

Fix misuse of the kernel map in miscellaneous image activators.
Vnode-backed mappings cannot be put into the kernel map, since it is a
system map.

Use exec_map for transient mappings, and remove the mappings with
kmem_free_wakeup() to notify the waiters on available map space.

Do not map the whole executable into KVA at all to copy it out into
usermode. Directly use vn_rdwr() for the case of not page aligned
binary.

There is one place left where the potentially unbounded amount of data
is mapped into exec_map, namely, in the COFF image activator
enumeration of the needed shared libraries.

Reviewed by: alc
MFC after: 2 weeks

Convert files to UTF-8

Corrections for the iBCS2 support that seems to regressed from 4.x times.

In particular:
- fix format specifiers in the DPRINTFs;
- do not use kernel_map for temporal mapping backed by the vnode, this
cannot work since kernel map is a system map. Use exec_map instead.
- ignore error code from an attempt to insert the hole. If supposed hole
is located at the region already populated by .bss, it is not an error.
- correctly translate vm error codes to errno, when appropriate.

Reported and tested by: Rich Naill <rich enterprisesystems net>
Approved by: re (kensmith)
MFC after: 1 week

Decontextualize the couplet VOP_GETATTR / VOP_SETATTR as the passed thread
was always curthread and totally unuseful.

Tested by: Giovanni Trematerra <giovanni dot trematerra at gmail dot com>

Remove kernel support for M:N threading.

While the KSE project was quite successful in bringing threading to
FreeBSD, the M:N approach taken by the kse library was never developed
to its full potential. Backwards compatibility will be provided via
libmap.conf for dynamically linked binaries and static binaries will
be broken.

VOP_LOCK1() (and so VOP_LOCK()) and VOP_UNLOCK() are only used in
conjuction with 'thread' argument passing which is always curthread.
Remove the unuseful extra-argument and pass explicitly curthread to lower
layer functions, when necessary.

KPI results broken by this change, which should affect several ports, so
version bumping and manpage update will be further committed.

Tested by: kris, pho, Diego Sardina <siarodx at gmail dot com>

vn_lock() is currently only used with the 'curthread' passed as argument.
Remove this argument and pass curthread directly to underlying
VOP_LOCK1() VFS method. This modify makes the code cleaner and in
particular remove an annoying dependence helping next lockmgr() cleanup.
KPI results, obviously, changed.

Manpage and FreeBSD_version will be updated through further commits.

As a side note, would be valuable to say that next commits will address
a similar cleanup about VFS methods, in particular vop_lock1 and
vop_unlock.

Tested by: Diego Sardina <siarodx at gmail dot com>,
Andrea Di Pasquale <whyx dot it at gmail dot com>

Fix for the panic("vm_thread_new: kstack allocation failed") and
silent NULL pointer dereference in the i386 and sparc64 pmap_pinit()
when the kmem_alloc_nofault() failed to allocate address space. Both
functions now return error instead of panicing or dereferencing NULL.

As consequence, vmspace_exec() and vmspace_unshare() returns the errno
int. struct vmspace arg was added to vm_forkproc() to avoid dealing
with failed allocation when most of the fork1() job is already done.

The kernel stack for the thread is now set up in the thread_alloc(),
that itself may return NULL. Also, allocation of the first process
thread is performed in the fork1() to properly deal with stack
allocation failure. proc_linkup() is separated into proc_linkup()
called from fork1(), and proc_linkup0(), that is used to set up the
kernel process (was known as swapper).

In collaboration with: Peter Holm
Reviewed by: jhb

Revert UF_OPENING workaround for CURRENT.
Change the VOP_OPEN(), vn_open() vnode operation and d_fdopen() cdev operation
argument from being file descriptor index into the pointer to struct file.

Proposed and reviewed by: jhb
Reviewed by: daichi (unionfs)
Approved by: re (kensmith)

Retire the stackgap macros from ibcs2 as they are no longer used. Push
the includes of <sys/exec.h> and <sys/sysent.h> down into the only files
that now need them.

- Pass the ISOPEN flag to namei so filesystems will know we're about to
open them or otherwise access the data.

- Change the vm_mmap() function to accept an objtype_t parameter specifying
the type of object represented by the handle argument.
- Allow vm_mmap() to map device memory via cdev objects in addition to
vnodes and anonymous memory. Note that mmaping a cdev directly does not
currently perform any MAC checks like mapping a vnode does.
- Unbreak the DRM getbufs ioctl by having it call vm_mmap() directly on the
cdev the ioctl is acting on rather than trying to find a suitable vnode
to map from.

Reviewed by: alc, arch@

o Split out kernel part of execve(2) syscall into two parts: one that
copies arguments into the kernel space and one that operates
completely in the kernel space;

o use kernel-only version of execve(2) to kill another stackgap in
linuxlator/i386.

Obtained from: DragonFlyBSD (partially)
MFC after: 2 weeks

Replace the dangerous strcpy() call with strlcpy(), instead of the safe one
that was incorrectly changed in rev. 1.61.

Approved by: re

Fix a multitude of security bugs in the iBCS2 emulator:
- Return NULL instead of returning memory outside of the stackgap
in stackgap_alloc() (FreeBSD-SA-00:42.linux)
- Check for stackgap_alloc() returning NULL in ibcs2_emul_find();
other calls to stackgap_alloc() have not been changed since they
are small fixed-size allocations.
- Replace use of strcpy() with strlcpy() in exec_coff_imgact()
to avoid buffer overflow
- Use strlcat() instead of strcat() to avoid a one byte buffer
overflow in ibcs2_setipdomainname()
- Use copyinstr() instead of copyin() in ibcs2_setipdomainname()
to ensure that the string is null-terminated
- Avoid integer overflow in ibcs2_setgroups() and ibcs2_setgroups()
by checking that gidsetsize argument is non-negative and
no larger than NGROUPS_MAX.
- Range-check signal numbers in ibcs2_wait(), ibcs2_sigaction(),
ibcs2_sigsys() and ibcs2_kill() to avoid accessing array past
the end (or before the start)

Add a "int fd" argument to VOP_OPEN() which in the future will
contain the filedescriptor number on opens from userland.

The index is used rather than a "struct file *" since it conveys a bit
more information, which may be useful to in particular fdescfs and /dev/fd/*

For now pass -1 all over the place.

Use __FBSDID().

Back out M_* changes, per decision of the TRB.

Approved by: trb

Remove M_TRYWAIT/M_WAITOK/M_WAIT. Callers should use 0.
Merge M_NOWAIT/M_DONTWAIT into a single flag M_NOWAIT.

Use the fields in the sysentvec and in the vm map header in place of the
constants VM_MIN_ADDRESS, VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS, USRSTACK and PS_STRINGS.
This is mainly so that they can be variable even for the native abi, based
on different machine types. Get stack protections from the sysentvec too.
This makes it trivial to map the stack non-executable for certain abis, on
machines that support it.

- Fix iBCS2 emulation of COFF files that have multiple libraries
in their library (STYP_LIB) section.
- Attempt to make the code which calculates the next entry and
string offsets look clearer.

PR: kern/42580
Tested by: Olaf Klein <ok@adimus.de> (on 4.7-PRERELEASE)

- Hold the vnode lock throughout execve.
- Set VV_TEXT in the top level execve code.
- Fixup the image activators to deal with the newly locked vnode.

- Replace v_flag with v_iflag and v_vflag
- v_vflag is protected by the vnode lock and is used when synchronization
with VOP calls is needed.
- v_iflag is protected by interlock and is used for dealing with vnode
management issues. These flags include X/O LOCK, FREE, DOOMED, etc.
- All accesses to v_iflag and v_vflag have either been locked or marked with
mp_fixme's.
- Many ASSERT_VOP_LOCKED calls have been added where the locking was not
clear.
- Many functions in vfs_subr.c were restructured to provide for stronger
locking.

Idea stolen from: BSD/OS

Infrastructure tweaks to allow having both an Elf32 and an Elf64 executable
handler in the kernel at the same time. Also, allow for the
exec_new_vmspace() code to build a different sized vmspace depending on
the executable environment. This is a big help for execing i386 binaries
on ia64. The ELF exec code grows the ability to map partial pages when
there is a page size difference, eg: emulating 4K pages on 8K or 16K
hardware pages.

Flesh out the i386 emulation support for ia64. At this point, the only
binary that I know of that fails is cvsup, because the cvsup runtime
tries to execute code in pages not marked executable.

Obtained from: dfr (mostly, many tweaks from me).

Fix typo in the BSD copyright: s/withough/without/

Spotted and suggested by: des
MFC after: 3 weeks

Remove __P.

Simple p_ucred -> td_ucred changes to start using the per-thread ucred
reference.

Pre-KSE/M3 commit.
this is a low-functionality change that changes the kernel to access the main
thread of a process via the linked list of threads rather than
assuming that it is embedded in the process. It IS still embeded there
but remove all teh code that assumes that in preparation for the next commit
which will actually move it out.

Reviewed by: peter@freebsd.org, gallatin@cs.duke.edu, benno rice,

Update to C99, s/__FUNCTION__/__func__/,
also don't use ANSI string concatenation.

KSE Milestone 2
Note ALL MODULES MUST BE RECOMPILED
make the kernel aware that there are smaller units of scheduling than the
process. (but only allow one thread per process at this time).
This is functionally equivalent to teh previousl -current except
that there is a thread associated with each process.

Sorry john! (your next MFC will be a doosie!)

Reviewed by: peter@freebsd.org, dillon@freebsd.org

X-MFC after: ha ha ha ha

Undo part of the tangle of having sys/lock.h and sys/mutex.h included in
other "system" header files.

Also help the deprecation of lockmgr.h by making it a sub-include of
sys/lock.h and removing sys/lockmgr.h form kernel .c files.

Sort sys/*.h includes where possible in affected files.

OK'ed by: bde (with reservations)

Back out proc locking to protect p_ucred for obtaining additional
references along with the actual obtaining of additional references.

- Use 'p' instead of 'curproc' for the namei lookup as this is what
other image activators use.
- Proc locking.

Remove unneeded #include <vm/vm_zone.h>

Generated by: src/tools/tools/kerninclude

Initial dependency so that the kld's will link. imgact_coff depends
on the ibcs2 module being present.

Introduce NDFREE (and remove VOP_ABORTOP)

Fix case where vnode could be unlocked twice. Untested; bug found by code
reading.

Reviewed by: phk

useracc() the prequel:

Merge the contents (less some trivial bordering the silly comments)
of <vm/vm_prot.h> and <vm/vm_inherit.h> into <vm/vm.h>. This puts
the #defines for the vm_inherit_t and vm_prot_t types next to their
typedefs.

This paves the road for the commit to follow shortly: change
useracc() to use VM_PROT_{READ|WRITE} rather than B_{READ|WRITE}
as argument.

$Id$ -> $FreeBSD$

Fix a couple of warnings and some bitrot in comments.

Fix warnings in preparation for adding -Wall -Wcast-qual to the
kernel compile

Remove references to an LKM that isn't built any more.

*gulp*. Jordan specifically OK'ed this..

This is the bulk of the support for doing kld modules. Two linker_sets
were replaced by SYSINIT()'s. VFS's and exec handlers are self registered.
kld is now a superset of lkm. I have converted most of them, they will
follow as a seperate commit as samples.
This all still works as a static a.out kernel using LKM's.

Fixed two potentially serious classes of bugs:

1) The vnode pager wasn't properly tracking the file size due to
"size" being page rounded in some cases and not in others.
This sometimes resulted in corrupted files. First noticed by
Terry Lambert.
Fixed by changing the "size" pager_alloc parameter to be a 64bit
byte value (as opposed to a 32bit page index) and changing the
pagers and their callers to deal with this properly.
2) Fixed a bogus type cast in round_page() and trunc_page() that
caused some 64bit offsets and sizes to be scrambled. Removing
the cast required adding casts at a few dozen callers.
There may be problems with other bogus casts in close-by
macros. A quick check seemed to indicate that those were okay,
however.

Use [u]intptr_t instead of [u_]long for casts between pointers and
integers. Don't forget to cast to (void *) as well.

De-staticize enough to make all the LKMs work again. Add comments where
deemed relevant.

Staticize.

Unspammed nested include of <vm/vm_zone.h>.

Change the M_NAMEI allocations to use the zone allocator. This change
plus the previous changes to use the zone allocator decrease the useage
of malloc by half. The Zone allocator will be upgradeable to be able
to use per CPU-pools, and has more intelligent usage of SPLs. Additionally,
it has reasonable stats gathering capabilities, while making most calls
inline.

Fixed type mismatches for functions with args of type vm_prot_t and/or
vm_inherit_t. These types are smaller than ints, so the prototypes
should have used the promoted type (int) to match the old-style function
definitions. They use just vm_prot_t and/or vm_inherit_t. This depends
on gcc features to work. I fixed the definitions since this is easiest.
The correct fix may be to change the small types to u_int, to optimize
for time instead of space.

Removed unused #includes.

Fully implement vfork. Vfork is now much much faster than even our
fork. (On my machine, fork is about 240usecs, vfork is 78usecs.)

Implement rfork(!RFPROC !RFMEM), which allows a thread to divorce its memory
from the other threads of a group.

Implement rfork(!RFPROC RFCFDG), which closes all file descriptors, eliminating
possible existing shares with other threads/processes.

Implement rfork(!RFPROC RFFDG), which divorces the file descriptors for a
thread from the rest of the group.

Fix the case where a thread does an exec. It is almost nonsense for a thread
to modify the other threads address space by an exec, so we
now automatically divorce the address space before modifying it.

Removed potentially harmful garbage <vm/lock.h> and fixed bogus
use of it. It was actually harmless because the use was null due
to fortuitous include orders and identical (wrong) idempotency
macros.

Don't #include <sys/fcntl.h> in <sys/file.h> if KERNEL is defined.
Fixed everything that depended on getting fcntl.h stuff from the wrong
place. Most things don't depend on file.h stuff at all.

Back out part 1 of the MCFH that changed $Id$ to $FreeBSD$. We are not
ready for it yet.

Make this compile again after the Lite2 merge.

VOP_UNLOCK was being called with the wrong mumber of arguments.

This is the kernel Lite/2 commit. There are some requisite userland
changes, so don't expect to be able to run the kernel as-is (very well)
without the appropriate Lite/2 userland changes.

The system boots and can mount UFS filesystems.

Untested: ext2fs, msdosfs, NFS
Known problems: Incorrect Berkeley ID strings in some files.
Mount_std mounts will not work until the getfsent
library routine is changed.

Reviewed by: various people
Submitted by: Jeffery Hsu <hsu@freebsd.org>

Make the long-awaited change from $Id$ to $FreeBSD$

This will make a number of things easier in the future, as well as (finally!)
avoiding the Id-smashing problem which has plagued developers for so long.

Boy, I'm glad we're not using sup anymore. This update would have been
insane otherwise.

Fixed some more easy cases of const poisoning in the kernel. Cosmetic.

Clean up -Wunused warnings.

Reviewed by: bde

Removed unnecessary #includes from <sys/imgact.h> so that it is
self-sufficient and added explicit #includes where required.

Remove references to MAP_FILE.. That is now "default" and is only
a "#define MAP_FILE 0" that is still there for net-2 source compatability.

The same data segment length rounding problem that was in the elf
loader is also present in the coff loader. It was possible to get one
more page allocated than needed, which would cause brk()/malloc()/etc
to fail with ENOMEM when it tried to re-allocate the space.

Also, change a bcopy() from kernel to user space to a copyout().

Fixed vm_map_find for new vm changes.

Untangled the vm.h include file spaghetti.

All:
Changed vnodep -> vp for consistency with the rest of the kernel, and
changed iparams -> imgp for brevity.

kern_exec.c:
Explicitly initialized some additional parts of the image_params struct
to avoid bzeroing it. Rewrote the set-id code to reduce the number of
logical tests. The rewrite exposed a mostly benign bug in the algorithm:
traced set-id images would get ktracing disabled even if the set-id didn't
happen for other reasons.

Change alternate space base name from /emul/ibcs2 to /compat/ibcs2,
in line with linux alt space of /compat/linux.
This was pointed out by Stefan Esser.

In cheching alt space for libraries in imgact_coff.c, use const
ibcs2_emul_path instead of its own local string. Also do a proper
malloc of temp name according to MAXPATHLEN.

Remove old files no longer needed.
Add new files created for emulator.
Modify NetBSD import to work with FreeBSD and add new features and
code. The complete emulator is essentially a combination of work/code
implemented by Sean Eric Fagan, Soren Schmidt, Scott Bartram, and myself,
Steven Wallace.

Features of this new emulator system include:

o "clean" code, including strict prototyping.
o Auto-generation of ibcs2 system calls, xenix system calls, isc system
calls. Generation includes system tables, structure definitions,
and prototyping of function calls.
o ibcs2 emulator does not rely on any COMPAT_43 system calls.
o embedded socksys support
o ibcs2 msgsys, semsys, shmsys calls supported if supported in kernel
o alternate /emul/ibcs2 namespace searched first for files in ibcs2
system. Usefull to keep sysv libraries, binaries in /emul/ibcs2.
o many other finer details and functions fixed or implemented.

Unlock the vnode after checking permissions; this is necessary to prevent
a panic whenever an iBCS2 file is exec'd.

Obtained from: FreeBSD

Reviewed by: julian with quick glances by bruce and others
Submitted by: terry (terry lambert)
This is a composite of 3 patch sets submitted by terry.
they are:
New low-level init code that supports loadbal modules better
some cleanups in the namei code to help terry in 16-bit character support
some changes to the mount-root code to make it a little more
modular..

NOTE: mounting root off cdrom or NFS MIGHT be broken as I haven't been able
to test those cases..

certainly mounting root of disk still works just fine..
mfs should work but is untested. (tomorrows task)

The low level init stuff includes a total rewrite of init_main.c
to make it possible for new modules to have an init phase by simply
adding an entry to a TEXT_SET (or is it DATA_SET) list. thus a new module can
be added to the kernel without editing any other files other than the
'files' file.

Moved setting of VTEXT flag into the appropriate image activators. This
fixes a bug where linux binaries would get the flag set inappropriately.

Remove trailing whitespace.

Some long-waiting fixes for the COFF module. They silence compiler
warnings and are cosmetic only. Poul once requested them, but neither
Sean nor Søren commented on them, so i commit it now before it's
getting lost some day.

Use of vm_allocate and vm_deallocate has been deprecated.

iBCS2 emulator core files.

This is the main files for the iBCS2 emulator. It can be use
compiled into the kernel by using:

options IBCS2
options COMPAT_IBCS2

or as a lkm module using:

options COMPAT_IBCS2

and then loading it via the ibcs2 script in /usr/bin

REMEMBER: this code is still experimental ! NO WARRENTY !

Submitted by: sef@kithrup.com, mostyn@mrl.com, sos@kmd-ac.dk