Copy stable/10@r272459 to releng/10.1 as part of
the 10.1-RELEASE process.

Approved by: re (implicit)
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation

Copy head (r256279) to stable/10 as part of the 10.0-RELEASE cycle.

Approved by: re (implicit)
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation

- Fix nullfs vnode reference leak in nullfs_reclaim_lowervp(). The
null_hashget() obtains the reference on the nullfs vnode, which must
be dropped.

- Fix a wart which existed from the introduction of the nullfs
caching, do not unlock lower vnode in the nullfs_reclaim_lowervp().
It should be innocent, but now it is also formally safe. Inform the
nullfs_reclaim() about this using the NULLV_NOUNLOCK flag set on
nullfs inode.

- Add a callback to the upper filesystems for the lower vnode
unlinking. When inactivating a nullfs vnode, check if the lower
vnode was unlinked, indicated by nullfs flag NULLV_DROP or VV_NOSYNC
on the lower vnode, and reclaim upper vnode if so. This allows
nullfs to purge cached vnodes for the unlinked lower vnode, avoiding
excessive caching.

Reported by: G??ran L??wkrantz <goran.lowkrantz@ismobile.com>
Tested by: pho
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation
MFC after: 2 weeks

Add the "nocache" nullfs mount option, which disables the caching of
the free nullfs vnodes, switching nullfs behaviour to pre-r240285.
The option is mostly intended as the last-resort when higher pressure
on the vnode cache due to doubling of the vnode counts is not
desirable.

Note that disabling the cache costs more than 2x wall time in the
metadata-hungry scenarious. The default is "cache".

Tested and benchmarked by: pho (previous version)
MFC after: 2 weeks

Allow shared lookups for nullfs mounts, if lower filesystem supports
it. There are two problems which shall be addressed for shared
lookups use to have measurable effect on nullfs scalability:

1. When vfs_lookup() calls VOP_LOOKUP() for nullfs, which passes lookup
operation to lower fs, resulting vnode is often only shared-locked. Then
null_nodeget() cannot instantiate covering vnode for lower vnode, since
insmntque1() and null_hashins() require exclusive lock on the lower.

Change the assert that lower vnode is exclusively locked to only
require any lock. If null hash failed to find pre-existing nullfs
vnode for lower vnode and the vnode is shared-locked, the lower vnode
lock is upgraded.

2. Nullfs reclaims its vnodes on deactivation. This is due to nullfs
inability to detect reclamation of the lower vnode. Reclamation of a
nullfs vnode at deactivation time prevents a reference to the lower
vnode to become stale.

Change nullfs VOP_INACTIVE to not reclaim the vnode, instead use the
VFS_RECLAIM_LOWERVP to get notification and reclaim upper vnode
together with the reclamation of the lower vnode.

Note that nullfs reclamation procedure calls vput() on the lowervp
vnode, temporary unlocking the vnode being reclaimed. This seems to be
fine for MPSAFE filesystems, but not-MPSAFE code often put partially
initialized vnode on some globally visible list, and later can decide
that half-constructed vnode is not needed. If nullfs mount is created
above such filesystem, then other threads might catch such not
properly initialized vnode. Instead of trying to overcome this case,
e.g. by recursing the lower vnode lock in null_reclaim_lowervp(), I
decided to rely on nearby removal of the support for non-MPSAFE
filesystems.

In collaboration with: pho
MFC after: 3 weeks

- Assume that all lower filesystems now support proper locking. Assert
that they set v->v_vnlock. This is true for all filesystems in the
tree.
- Remove all uses of LK_THISLAYER. If the lower layer is locked, the
null layer is locked. We only use vget() to get a reference now.
null essentially does no locking. This fixes LOOKUP_SHARED with
nullfs.
- Remove the special LK_DRAIN considerations, I do not believe this is
needed now as LK_DRAIN doesn't destroy the lower vnode's lock, and
it's hardly used anymore.
- Add one well commented hack to prevent the lowervp from going away
while we're in it's VOP_LOCK routine. This can only happen if we're
forcibly unmounted while some callers are waiting in the lock. In
this case the lowervp could be recycled after we drop our last ref
in null_reclaim(). Prevent this with a vhold().

/* -> /*- for copyright notices, minor format tweaks as necessary

Back when VOP_* was introduced, we did not have new-style struct
initializations but we did have lofty goals and big ideals.

Adjust to more contemporary circumstances and gain type checking.

Replace the entire vop_t frobbing thing with properly typed
structures. The only casualty is that we can not add a new
VOP_ method with a loadable module. History has not given
us reason to belive this would ever be feasible in the the
first place.

Eliminate in toto VOCALL(), vop_t, VNODEOP_SET() etc.

Give coda correct prototypes and function definitions for
all vop_()s.

Generate a bit more data from the vnode_if.src file: a
struct vop_vector and protype typedefs for all vop methods.

Add a new vop_bypass() and make vop_default be a pointer
to another struct vop_vector.

Remove a lot of vfs_init since vop_vector is ready to use
from the compiler.

Cast various vop_mumble() to void * with uppercase name,
for instance VOP_PANIC, VOP_NULL etc.

Implement VCALL() by making vdesc_offset the offsetof() the
relevant function pointer in vop_vector. This is disgusting
but since the code is generated by a script comparatively
safe. The alternative for nullfs etc. would be much worse.

Fix up all vnode method vectors to remove casts so they
become typesafe. (The bulk of this is generated by scripts)

Remove advertising clause from University of California Regent's
license, per letter dated July 22, 1999 and email from Peter Wemm,
Alan Cox and Robert Watson.

Approved by: core, peter, alc, rwatson

MFp4: Fix two bugs causing possible deadlocks or panics, and one nit:
- Emulate lock draining (LK_DRAIN) in null_lock() to avoid deadlocks
when the vnode is being recycled.
- Don't allow null_nodeget() to return a nullfs vnode from the wrong
mount when multiple nullfs's are mounted. It's unclear why these checks
were removed in null_subr.c 1.35, but they are definitely necessary.
Without the checks, trying to unmount a nullfs mount will erroneously
return EBUSY, and forcibly unmounting with -f will cause a panic.
- Bump LOG2_SIZEVNODE up to 8, since vnodes are >256 bytes now. The old
value (7) didn't cause any problems, but made the hash algorithm
suboptimal.

These changes fix nullfs enough that a parallel buildworld succeeds.

Submitted by: tegge (partially; LK_DRAIN)
Tested by: kris

Fix a race during null node creation between relookuping the hash and
adding vnode to hash. The fix is to use atomic hash-lookup-and-add-if-
not-found operation. The odd thing is that this race can't happen
actually because the lowervp vnode is locked exclusively now during the
whole process of null node creation. This must be thought as a step
toward shared lookups.

Also remove vp->v_mount checks when looking for a match in the hash,
as this is the vestige.

Also add comments and cosmetic changes.

Fix the "error" path (when dropping not fully initialized vnode).
Also move hash operations out of null_vnops.c and explicitly initialize
v_lock in null_node_alloc (to set wmesg).

Reviewed by: bp
MFC after: 2 weeks

Convert nullfs to nmount.

Various cleanups towards make nullfs functional (it is still broken
at this point):

Replace all '#ifdef DEBUG' with '#ifdef NULLFS_DEBUG' and add NULLFSDEBUG
macro.

Protect nullfs hash table with lockmgr.

Use proper order of operations when freeing mnt_data.

Return correct fsid in the null_getattr().

Add null_open() function to catch MNT_NODEV (obtained from NetBSD).

Add null_rename() to catch cross-fs rename operations (submitted by
Ustimenko Semen <semen@iclub.nsu.ru>)

Remove duplicate $FreeBSD$ tags.

Get rid from the __P() macros.

Encouraged by: peter

Back out the previous change to the queue(3) interface.
It was not discussed and should probably not happen.

Requested by: msmith and others

Change the way that the queue(3) structures are declared; don't assume that
the type argument to *_HEAD and *_ENTRY is a struct.

Suggested by: phk
Reviewed by: phk
Approved by: mdodd

Change #ifdef KERNEL to #ifdef _KERNEL in the public headers. "KERNEL"
is an application space macro and the applications are supposed to be free
to use it as they please (but cannot). This is consistant with the other
BSD's who made this change quite some time ago. More commits to come.

Get rid of the NULLFS_DIAGNOSTIC option. This option was as useful as
the other XXXFS_DIAGNOSTIC options (not very) and mostly controlled
tracing of normal operation. Use `#ifdef DEBUG' for non-diagnostics
and `#ifdef DIAGNOSTIC' for diagnostics.

$Id$ -> $FreeBSD$

Some staticized variables were still declared to be extern.

Fix some warnings (missing prototypes, wrong "generic" args etc)
umapfs uses one of nullfs's functions...

Back out part 1 of the MCFH that changed $Id$ to $FreeBSD$. We are not
ready for it yet.

Make this compile again after the Lite2 merge.
Also add missing function prototypes.

This is the kernel Lite/2 commit. There are some requisite userland
changes, so don't expect to be able to run the kernel as-is (very well)
without the appropriate Lite/2 userland changes.

The system boots and can mount UFS filesystems.

Untested: ext2fs, msdosfs, NFS
Known problems: Incorrect Berkeley ID strings in some files.
Mount_std mounts will not work until the getfsent
library routine is changed.

Reviewed by: various people
Submitted by: Jeffery Hsu <hsu@freebsd.org>

Make the long-awaited change from $Id$ to $FreeBSD$

This will make a number of things easier in the future, as well as (finally!)
avoiding the Id-smashing problem which has plagued developers for so long.

Boy, I'm glad we're not using sup anymore. This update would have been
insane otherwise.

Introduced a type `vop_t' for vnode operation functions and used
it 1138 times (:-() in casts and a few more times in declarations.
This change is null for the i386.

The type has to be `typedef int vop_t(void *)' and not `typedef
int vop_t()' because `gcc -Wstrict-prototypes' warns about the
latter. Since vnode op functions are called with args of different
(struct pointer) types, neither of these function types is any use
for type checking of the arg, so it would be preferable not to use
the complete function type, especially since using the complete
type requires adding 1138 casts to avoid compiler warnings and
another 40+ casts to reverse the function pointer conversions before
calling the functions.

BSD 4.4 Lite Kernel Sources