Copy head (r256279) to stable/10 as part of the 10.0-RELEASE cycle.

Approved by: re (implicit)
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation

Remove second consts in r233288 in order to appease C++ compilers.
While at it, remove some style(9) bugs in libkern.h.

Submitted by: kan

Declare the CRC lookup-tables const as they hardly should change at
run-time.

This commit fixes the issue with alias_sctp.c. No
longer do we require SCTP to be in the kernel for the
lib to be able to handle SCTP. We do this by moving
the CRC32c checksum into libkern/crc32.c and then adjusting
all routines to use the common methods. Note that this
will improve the performance of iSCSI since they were
using the old single 256 bit table lookup versus the
slicing 8 algorithm (which gives a 4x speed up in
CRC32c calculation :-D)

Reviewed by:rwatson, gnn, scottl, paolo
MFC after: 4 week? (assuming we MFC the alias_sctp changes)

Update comment to direct the reader to libkern.h instead of systm.h.
The functions were moved.

Pointed out by: johan@

Refactor the CRC-32 code to enhance its usability. Move the actual
CRC logic to a new function: crc32_raw() that obtains the initial
CRC value as well as leaves any post-processing to the caller. As
such, it can be used when the initial CRC value is not ~0U or when
the final CRC value does need to be inverted (bitwise). It also
means that crc32_raw() can be called repeatedly when the data is
not available as a single block, such as for scatter/gather lists
and the likes.

Avoid the additional call overhead incured by the refactoring by
moving the implementation off crc32() to sys/systm.h and making it
inlinable. Since crc32_raw() is itself trivial and since it may
be used in loops that iterate over fragments, having it available
for inlining can be beneficial. Hence, move its implementation
to sys/systm.h as well.

Keep the original implementation of crc32() in libkern/crc32.c for
documentation purposes (as a comment of course).

Triggered by: Jose M Rodriguez (josemi at freebsd dot jazztel dot es)
Discussed on: current@
Tested on: amd64, ia64 (BVO having GPT partitions)
Jargon file candidate: BVO = By Virtue Of :-)

/* -> /*- for copyright notices, minor format tweaks as necessary

Use __FBSDID().

For some reason this didn't get added in my previous commit.