MFC r311971: Report random flash storage as non-rotating to GEOM_DISK.

While doing it, introduce respective constants in geom_disk.h.

MFC r296617: Revert r292074 (by smh): Limit stripesize reported from
nvd(4) to 4K

I believe that this patch handled the problem from the wrong side.
Instead of making ZFS properly handle large stripe sizes, it made
unrelated driver to lie in reported parameters to workaround that.

Alternative solution for this problem from ZFS side was committed at
r296615.

MFC r295022:

nvd: add hw.nvd.delete_max tunable

The NVMe specification does not define a maximum or optimal delete
size, so technically max delete size is min(full size of namespace,
2^32 - 1 LBAs). A single delete operation for a multi-TB NVMe
namespace though may take much longer to complete than the nvme(4)
I/O timeout period. So choose a sensible default here that is still
suitably large to minimize the number of overall delete operations.

This also fixes possible uint32_t overflow on initial TRIM operation
for zpool create operations for NVMe namespaces with >4G LBAs.

Approved by: re (glebius)
Sponsored by: Intel

MFC r292074:

Limit stripesize reported from nvd(4) to 4K

Sponsored by: Multiplay

MFC r293323:

nvd: submit bios directly when BIO_ORDERED not set or in flight

This significantly improves parallelism in the most common case.
The taskqueue is still used whenever BIO_ORDERED bios are in flight.

This patch is based heavily on a patch from gallatin@.

MFC r293322:

nvd: break out submission logic into separate function

This enables a future patch using this same logic to submit
I/O directly bypassing the taskqueue.

MFC r293321:

nvd: skip BIO_ORDERED logic when bio fails submission

This ensures the bio flags are not read after biodone().
The ordering will still be enforced, after the bio is
submitted successfully.

MFC r293320:

nvd: do not wait for previous bios before submitting ordered bio

Still wait until all in-flight bios (including the ordered bio)
complete before processing more bios from the queue.

MFC r293319:

nvd: set DISKFLAG_DIRECT_COMPLETION

MFC r290199:

nvd, nvme: report stripesize through GEOM disk layer

Sponsored by: Intel

MFC r285767:

nvd: set d_delmaxsize to full capacity of NVMe namespace

The NVMe specification has no ability to specify a maximum delete size
that is less than the full capacity of the namespace - so just using the
namespace size is the correct value here.

This fixes reported issues where ZFS trim on init looked like it was
hanging the system - previously the default I/O max size (128KB on
Intel NVMe controllers) was used for delete operations which worked out
to only about 8MB/s. With this patch I can add an 800GB DC P3700
drive to a ZFS pool in about 15-20 seconds.

Sponsored by: Intel

Copy head (r256279) to stable/10 as part of the 10.0-RELEASE cycle.

Approved by: re (implicit)
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation

Add driver-assisted striping for upcoming Intel NVMe controllers that can
benefit from it.

Sponsored by: Intel
Reviewed by: kib (earlier version), carl
Approved by: re (hrs)
MFC after: 1 week

Add message when nvd disks are attached and detached.

As part of this commit, add an nvme_strvis() function which borrows
heavily from cam_strvis(). This will allow stripping of
leading/trailing whitespace and also handle unprintable characters
in model/serial numbers. This function goes into a new nvme_util.c
file which is used by both the driver and nvmecontrol.

Sponsored by: Intel
Reviewed by: carl
MFC after: 3 days

Do not call disk_create() until we have completed all initialization of our
internal disk structure.

Sponsored by: Intel
Reviewed by: carl
MFC after: 3 days

Define constants for the lengths of the serial number, model number
and firmware revision in the controller's identify structure.

Also modify consumers of these fields to ensure they only use the
specified number of bytes for their respective fields.

Sponsored by: Intel
Reviewed by: carl
MFC after: 3 days

Update copyright dates.

MFC after: 3 days

Add unmapped bio support to nvme(4) and nvd(4).

Sponsored by: Intel

Change a number of malloc(9) calls to use M_WAITOK instead of
M_NOWAIT.

Sponsored by: Intel
Suggested by: carl
Reviewed by: carl

Add the ability to internally mark a controller as failed, if it is unable to
start or reset. Also add a notifier for NVMe consumers for controller fail
conditions and plumb this notifier for nvd(4) to destroy the associated
GEOM disks when a failure occurs.

This requires a bit of work to cover the races when a consumer is sending
I/O requests to a controller that is transitioning to the failed state. To
help cover this condition, add a task to defer completion of I/Os submitted
to a failed controller, so that the consumer will still always receive its
completions in a different context than the submission.

Sponsored by: Intel
Reviewed by: carl

Have nvd(4) register for controller notifications.

Also have nvd maintain controller/namespace relationships internally.

Sponsored by: Intel
Reviewed by: carl

Create struct nvme_status.

NVMe error log entries include status, so breaking this out into
its own data structure allows it to be included in both the
nvme_completion data structure as well as error log entry data
structures.

While here, expose nvme_completion_is_error(), and change all of
the places that were explicitly looking at sc/sct bits to use this
macro instead.

Sponsored by: Intel
Reviewed by: carl

Add an interface for nvme shim drivers (i.e. nvd) to register for
notifications when new nvme controllers are added to the system.

Sponsored by: Intel

Add ability to queue nvme_request objects if no nvme_trackers are available.

This eliminates the need to manage queue depth at the nvd(4) level for
Chatham prototype board workarounds, and also adds the ability to
accept a number of requests on a single qpair that is much larger
than the number of trackers allocated.

Sponsored by: Intel

Add return codes to all functions used for submitting commands to I/O
queues.

Sponsored by: Intel

Revert previous commit...

Pointyhat to: kevlo (myself)

Prefer NULL over 0 for pointers

This is the first of several commits which will add NVM Express (NVMe)
support to FreeBSD. A full description of the overall functionality
being added is below. nvmexpress.org defines NVM Express as "an optimized
register interface, command set and feature set fo PCI Express (PCIe)-based
Solid-State Drives (SSDs)."

This commit adds nvme(4) and nvd(4) driver source code and Makefiles
to the tree.

Full NVMe functionality description:
Add nvme(4) and nvd(4) drivers and nvmecontrol(8) for NVM Express (NVMe)
device support.

There will continue to be ongoing work on NVM Express support, but there
is more than enough to allow for evaluation of pre-production NVM Express
devices as well as soliciting feedback. Questions and feedback are welcome.

nvme(4) implements NVMe hardware abstraction and is a provider of NVMe
namespaces. The closest equivalent of an NVMe namespace is a SCSI LUN.
nvd(4) is an NVMe consumer, surfacing NVMe namespaces as GEOM disks.
nvmecontrol(8) is used for NVMe configuration and management.

The following are currently supported:
nvme(4)
- full mandatory NVM command set support
- per-CPU IO queues (enabled by default but configurable)
- per-queue sysctls for statistics and full command/completion queue
dumps for debugging
- registration API for NVMe namespace consumers
- I/O error handling (except for timeoutsee below)
- compilation switches for support back to stable-7

nvd(4)
- BIO_DELETE and BIO_FLUSH (if supported by controller)
- proper BIO_ORDERED handling

nvmecontrol(8)
- devlist: list NVMe controllers and their namespaces
- identify: display controller or namespace identify data in
human-readable or hex format
- perftest: quick and dirty performance test to measure raw
performance of NVMe device without userspace/physio/GEOM
overhead

The following are still work in progress and will be completed over the
next 3-6 months in rough priority order:
- complete man pages
- firmware download and activation
- asynchronous error requests
- command timeout error handling
- controller resets
- nvmecontrol(8) log page retrieval

This has been primarily tested on amd64, with light testing on i386. I
would be happy to provide assistance to anyone interested in porting
this to other architectures, but am not currently planning to do this
work myself. Big-endian and dmamap sync for command/completion queues
are the main areas that would need to be addressed.

The nvme(4) driver currently has references to Chatham, which is an
Intel-developed prototype board which is not fully spec compliant.
These references will all be removed over time.

Sponsored by: Intel
Contributions from: Joe Golio/EMC <joseph dot golio at emc dot com>