Copy head (r256279) to stable/10 as part of the 10.0-RELEASE cycle.

Approved by: re (implicit)
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation

Implement xlocale APIs from Darwin, mainly for use by libc++. This adds a
load of _l suffixed versions of various standard library functions that use
the global locale, making them take an explicit locale parameter. Also
adds support for per-thread locales. This work was funded by the FreeBSD
Foundation.

Please test any code you have that uses the C standard locale functions!

Reviewed by: das (gdtoa changes)
Approved by: dim (mentor)

Reduce overhead by calling internal versions of the multibyte conversion
functions directly wherever possible.

Prepare to handle state-dependent encodings. This mainly involves not
taking shortcuts when it comes to storing and passing around conversion
states.

Style: One space between "restrict" qualifier and "*".

Implement the ISO C90 Amd.1 restartable wide and multibyte character
manipulation functions mbrlen(), mbrtowc(), mbsinit(), mbsrtowcs(),
wcrtomb(), wcsrtombs().