1Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International 2 3Creative Commons Corporation (���Creative Commons���) is not a law firm and does 4not provide legal services or legal advice. Distribution of Creative Commons 5public licenses does not create a lawyer-client or other relationship. Creative 6Commons makes its licenses and related information available on an ���as-is��� 7basis. Creative Commons gives no warranties regarding its licenses, any material 8licensed under their terms and conditions, or any related information. Creative 9Commons disclaims all liability for damages resulting from their use to the 10fullest extent possible. 11 12Using Creative Commons Public Licenses 13 14Creative Commons public licenses provide a standard set of terms and conditions 15that creators and other rights holders may use to share original works of 16authorship and other material subject to copyright and certain other rights 17specified in the public license below. 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More considerations for licensors. 30 31Considerations for the public: By using one of our public licenses, a licensor 32grants the public permission to use the licensed material under specified 33terms and conditions. If the licensor���s permission is not necessary for any 34reason���for example, because of any applicable exception or limitation to copyright���then 35that use is not regulated by the license. Our licenses grant only permissions 36under copyright and certain other rights that a licensor has authority to 37grant. Use of the licensed material may still be restricted for other reasons, 38including because others have copyright or other rights in the material. A 39licensor may make special requests, such as asking that all changes be marked 40or described. 41 42Although not required by our licenses, you are encouraged to respect those 43requests where reasonable. More considerations for the public. 44 45Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International Public License 46 47By exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to 48be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 494.0 International Public License ("Public License"). To the extent this Public 50License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights 51in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the 52Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor 53receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and 54conditions. 55 56Section 1 ��� Definitions. 57 58a. Adapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights 59that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the 60Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise 61modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar 62Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the 63Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted 64Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed 65relation with a moving image. 66 67b. Adapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar 68Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms 69and conditions of this Public License. 70 71c. BY-SA Compatible License means a license listed at creativecommons.org/compatiblelicenses, 72approved by Creative Commons as essentially the equivalent of this Public 73License. 74 75d. Copyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely 76related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, 77sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the 78rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the 79rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights. 80 81e. Effective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence 82of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations 83under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, 84and/or similar international agreements. 85 86f. Exceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other 87exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your 88use of the Licensed Material. 89 90g. License Elements means the license attributes listed in the name of a Creative 91Commons Public License. The License Elements of this Public License are Attribution 92and ShareAlike. 93 94h. Licensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other 95material to which the Licensor applied this Public License. 96 97i. Licensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and 98conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and 99Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the 100Licensor has authority to license. 101 102j. Licensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this 103Public License. 104 105k. Share means to provide material to the public by any means or process that 106requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public 107display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or 108importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways 109that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time 110individually chosen by them. 111 112l. Sui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting 113from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 114March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, 115as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world. 116 117m. You means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under 118this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning. 119 120Section 2 ��� Scope. 121 122 a. License grant. 123 1241. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor 125hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, 126irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material 127to: 128 129A. reproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and 130 131 B. produce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material. 132 1332. Exceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions 134and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and 135You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions. 136 1373. Term. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a). 138 1394. Media and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes 140You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known 141or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do 142so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority 143to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the 144Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent 145Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply 146making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted 147Material. 148 149 5. Downstream recipients. 150 151A. Offer from the Licensor ��� Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed 152Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the 153Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License. 154 155B. Additional offer from the Licensor ��� Adapted Material. Every recipient 156of Adapted Material from You automatically receives an offer from the Licensor 157to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Adapted Material under the conditions 158of the Adapter���s License You apply. 159 160C. No downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional 161or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological 162Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed 163Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material. 164 1656. No endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed 166as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed 167Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status 168by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in 169Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i). 170 171 b. Other rights. 172 1731. Moral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this 174Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality 175rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees 176not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary 177to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise. 178 1792. Patent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License. 180 1813. To the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties 182from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through 183a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory 184licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right 185to collect such royalties. 186 187Section 3 ��� License Conditions. 188 189Your exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following 190conditions. 191 192 a. Attribution. 193 1941. If You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must: 195 196A. retain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed 197Material: 198 199i. identification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others 200designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the 201Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated); 202 203 ii. a copyright notice; 204 205 iii. a notice that refers to this Public License; 206 207 iv. a notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties; 208 209v. a URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable; 210 211B. indicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication 212of any previous modifications; and 213 214C. indicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and 215include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License. 216 2172. You may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner 218based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. 219For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a 220URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information. 221 2223. If requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required 223by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable. 224 225b. ShareAlike.In addition to the conditions in Section 3(a), if You Share 226Adapted Material You produce, the following conditions also apply. 227 2281. The Adapter���s License You apply must be a Creative Commons license with 229the same License Elements, this version or later, or a BY-SA Compatible License. 230 2312. You must include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, the Adapter's 232License You apply. You may satisfy this condition in any reasonable manner 233based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share Adapted Material. 234 2353. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions 236on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, Adapted Material that 237restrict exercise of the rights granted under the Adapter's License You apply. 238 239Section 4 ��� Sui Generis Database Rights. 240 241Where the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to 242Your use of the Licensed Material: 243 244a. for the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, 245reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of 246the database; 247 248b. if You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in 249a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database 250in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) 251is Adapted Material, including for purposes of Section 3(b); and 252 253c. You must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or 254a substantial portion of the contents of the database. 255For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace 256Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include 257other Copyright and Similar Rights. 258 259Section 5 ��� Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability. 260 261a. Unless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, 262the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes 263no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, 264whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, 265warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, 266absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of 267errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties 268are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You. 269 270b. To the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You 271on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise 272for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, 273or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License 274or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of 275the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation 276of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply 277to You. 278 279c. The disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above 280shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely 281approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability. 282 283Section 6 ��� Term and Termination. 284 285a. This Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights 286licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then 287Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically. 288 289b. Where Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 2906(a), it reinstates: 291 2921. automatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured 293within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or 294 295 2. upon express reinstatement by the Licensor. 296 297c. For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right 298the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public 299License. 300 301d. For the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material 302under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material 303at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License. 304 305 e. Sections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License. 306 307Section 7 ��� Other Terms and Conditions. 308 309a. The Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or 310conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed. 311 312b. Any arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed 313Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms 314and conditions of this Public License. 315 316Section 8 ��� Interpretation. 317 318a. For the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not 319be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use 320of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under 321this Public License. 322 323b. To the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed 324unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary 325to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed 326from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining 327terms and conditions. 328 329c. No term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure 330to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor. 331 332d. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation 333upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor 334or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority. 335 336Creative Commons is not a party to its public licenses. 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