1/**
2 * @file
3 * Address Resolution Protocol module for IP over Ethernet
4 *
5 * Functionally, ARP is divided into two parts. The first maps an IP address
6 * to a physical address when sending a packet, and the second part answers
7 * requests from other machines for our physical address.
8 *
9 * This implementation complies with RFC 826 (Ethernet ARP). It supports
10 * Gratuitious ARP from RFC3220 (IP Mobility Support for IPv4) section 4.6
11 * if an interface calls etharp_gratuitous(our_netif) upon address change.
12 */
13
14/*
15 * Copyright (c) 2001-2003 Swedish Institute of Computer Science.
16 * Copyright (c) 2003-2004 Leon Woestenberg <leon.woestenberg@axon.tv>
17 * Copyright (c) 2003-2004 Axon Digital Design B.V., The Netherlands.
18 * All rights reserved.
19 *
20 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
21 * are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
22 *
23 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
24 *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
25 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
26 *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
27 *    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
28 * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
29 *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
30 *
31 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
32 * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
33 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT
34 * SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
35 * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT
36 * OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
37 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
38 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
39 * IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY
40 * OF SUCH DAMAGE.
41 *
42 * This file is part of the lwIP TCP/IP stack.
43 *
44 */
45
46#include "lwip/opt.h"
47
48#if LWIP_IPV4 && LWIP_ARP /* don't build if not configured for use in lwipopts.h */
49
50#include "lwip/etharp.h"
51#include "lwip/stats.h"
52#include "lwip/snmp.h"
53#include "lwip/dhcp.h"
54#include "lwip/autoip.h"
55#include "lwip/prot/iana.h"
56#include "netif/ethernet.h"
57
58#include <string.h>
59
60#ifdef LWIP_HOOK_FILENAME
61#include LWIP_HOOK_FILENAME
62#endif
63
64/** Re-request a used ARP entry 1 minute before it would expire to prevent
65 *  breaking a steadily used connection because the ARP entry timed out. */
66#define ARP_AGE_REREQUEST_USED_UNICAST   (ARP_MAXAGE - 30)
67#define ARP_AGE_REREQUEST_USED_BROADCAST (ARP_MAXAGE - 15)
68
69/** the time an ARP entry stays pending after first request,
70 *  for ARP_TMR_INTERVAL = 1000, this is
71 *  10 seconds.
72 *
73 *  @internal Keep this number at least 2, otherwise it might
74 *  run out instantly if the timeout occurs directly after a request.
75 */
76#define ARP_MAXPENDING 5
77
78/** ARP states */
79enum etharp_state {
80  ETHARP_STATE_EMPTY = 0,
81  ETHARP_STATE_PENDING,
82  ETHARP_STATE_STABLE,
83  ETHARP_STATE_STABLE_REREQUESTING_1,
84  ETHARP_STATE_STABLE_REREQUESTING_2
85#if ETHARP_SUPPORT_STATIC_ENTRIES
86  , ETHARP_STATE_STATIC
87#endif /* ETHARP_SUPPORT_STATIC_ENTRIES */
88};
89
90struct etharp_entry {
91#if ARP_QUEUEING
92  /** Pointer to queue of pending outgoing packets on this ARP entry. */
93  struct etharp_q_entry *q;
94#else /* ARP_QUEUEING */
95  /** Pointer to a single pending outgoing packet on this ARP entry. */
96  struct pbuf *q;
97#endif /* ARP_QUEUEING */
98  ip4_addr_t ipaddr;
99  struct netif *netif;
100  struct eth_addr ethaddr;
101  u16_t ctime;
102  u8_t state;
103};
104
105static struct etharp_entry arp_table[ARP_TABLE_SIZE];
106
107#if !LWIP_NETIF_HWADDRHINT
108static netif_addr_idx_t etharp_cached_entry;
109#endif /* !LWIP_NETIF_HWADDRHINT */
110
111/** Try hard to create a new entry - we want the IP address to appear in
112    the cache (even if this means removing an active entry or so). */
113#define ETHARP_FLAG_TRY_HARD     1
114#define ETHARP_FLAG_FIND_ONLY    2
115#if ETHARP_SUPPORT_STATIC_ENTRIES
116#define ETHARP_FLAG_STATIC_ENTRY 4
117#endif /* ETHARP_SUPPORT_STATIC_ENTRIES */
118
119#if LWIP_NETIF_HWADDRHINT
120#define ETHARP_SET_ADDRHINT(netif, addrhint)  do { if (((netif) != NULL) && ((netif)->hints != NULL)) { \
121                                              (netif)->hints->addr_hint = (addrhint); }} while(0)
122#else /* LWIP_NETIF_HWADDRHINT */
123#define ETHARP_SET_ADDRHINT(netif, addrhint)  (etharp_cached_entry = (addrhint))
124#endif /* LWIP_NETIF_HWADDRHINT */
125
126
127/* Check for maximum ARP_TABLE_SIZE */
128#if (ARP_TABLE_SIZE > NETIF_ADDR_IDX_MAX)
129#error "ARP_TABLE_SIZE must fit in an s16_t, you have to reduce it in your lwipopts.h"
130#endif
131
132
133static err_t etharp_request_dst(struct netif *netif, const ip4_addr_t *ipaddr, const struct eth_addr *hw_dst_addr);
134static err_t etharp_raw(struct netif *netif,
135                        const struct eth_addr *ethsrc_addr, const struct eth_addr *ethdst_addr,
136                        const struct eth_addr *hwsrc_addr, const ip4_addr_t *ipsrc_addr,
137                        const struct eth_addr *hwdst_addr, const ip4_addr_t *ipdst_addr,
138                        const u16_t opcode);
139
140#if ARP_QUEUEING
141/**
142 * Free a complete queue of etharp entries
143 *
144 * @param q a qeueue of etharp_q_entry's to free
145 */
146static void
147free_etharp_q(struct etharp_q_entry *q)
148{
149  struct etharp_q_entry *r;
150  LWIP_ASSERT("q != NULL", q != NULL);
151  while (q) {
152    r = q;
153    q = q->next;
154    LWIP_ASSERT("r->p != NULL", (r->p != NULL));
155    pbuf_free(r->p);
156    memp_free(MEMP_ARP_QUEUE, r);
157  }
158}
159#else /* ARP_QUEUEING */
160
161/** Compatibility define: free the queued pbuf */
162#define free_etharp_q(q) pbuf_free(q)
163
164#endif /* ARP_QUEUEING */
165
166/** Clean up ARP table entries */
167static void
168etharp_free_entry(int i)
169{
170  /* remove from SNMP ARP index tree */
171  mib2_remove_arp_entry(arp_table[i].netif, &arp_table[i].ipaddr);
172  /* and empty packet queue */
173  if (arp_table[i].q != NULL) {
174    /* remove all queued packets */
175    LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG, ("etharp_free_entry: freeing entry %"U16_F", packet queue %p.\n", (u16_t)i, (void *)(arp_table[i].q)));
176    free_etharp_q(arp_table[i].q);
177    arp_table[i].q = NULL;
178  }
179  /* recycle entry for re-use */
180  arp_table[i].state = ETHARP_STATE_EMPTY;
181#ifdef LWIP_DEBUG
182  /* for debugging, clean out the complete entry */
183  arp_table[i].ctime = 0;
184  arp_table[i].netif = NULL;
185  ip4_addr_set_zero(&arp_table[i].ipaddr);
186  arp_table[i].ethaddr = ethzero;
187#endif /* LWIP_DEBUG */
188}
189
190/**
191 * Clears expired entries in the ARP table.
192 *
193 * This function should be called every ARP_TMR_INTERVAL milliseconds (1 second),
194 * in order to expire entries in the ARP table.
195 */
196void
197etharp_tmr(void)
198{
199  int i;
200
201  LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG, ("etharp_timer\n"));
202  /* remove expired entries from the ARP table */
203  for (i = 0; i < ARP_TABLE_SIZE; ++i) {
204    u8_t state = arp_table[i].state;
205    if (state != ETHARP_STATE_EMPTY
206#if ETHARP_SUPPORT_STATIC_ENTRIES
207        && (state != ETHARP_STATE_STATIC)
208#endif /* ETHARP_SUPPORT_STATIC_ENTRIES */
209       ) {
210      arp_table[i].ctime++;
211      if ((arp_table[i].ctime >= ARP_MAXAGE) ||
212          ((arp_table[i].state == ETHARP_STATE_PENDING)  &&
213           (arp_table[i].ctime >= ARP_MAXPENDING))) {
214        /* pending or stable entry has become old! */
215        LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG, ("etharp_timer: expired %s entry %d.\n",
216                                   arp_table[i].state >= ETHARP_STATE_STABLE ? "stable" : "pending", i));
217        /* clean up entries that have just been expired */
218        etharp_free_entry(i);
219      } else if (arp_table[i].state == ETHARP_STATE_STABLE_REREQUESTING_1) {
220        /* Don't send more than one request every 2 seconds. */
221        arp_table[i].state = ETHARP_STATE_STABLE_REREQUESTING_2;
222      } else if (arp_table[i].state == ETHARP_STATE_STABLE_REREQUESTING_2) {
223        /* Reset state to stable, so that the next transmitted packet will
224           re-send an ARP request. */
225        arp_table[i].state = ETHARP_STATE_STABLE;
226      } else if (arp_table[i].state == ETHARP_STATE_PENDING) {
227        /* still pending, resend an ARP query */
228        etharp_request(arp_table[i].netif, &arp_table[i].ipaddr);
229      }
230    }
231  }
232}
233
234/**
235 * Search the ARP table for a matching or new entry.
236 *
237 * If an IP address is given, return a pending or stable ARP entry that matches
238 * the address. If no match is found, create a new entry with this address set,
239 * but in state ETHARP_EMPTY. The caller must check and possibly change the
240 * state of the returned entry.
241 *
242 * If ipaddr is NULL, return a initialized new entry in state ETHARP_EMPTY.
243 *
244 * In all cases, attempt to create new entries from an empty entry. If no
245 * empty entries are available and ETHARP_FLAG_TRY_HARD flag is set, recycle
246 * old entries. Heuristic choose the least important entry for recycling.
247 *
248 * @param ipaddr IP address to find in ARP cache, or to add if not found.
249 * @param flags See @ref etharp_state
250 * @param netif netif related to this address (used for NETIF_HWADDRHINT)
251 *
252 * @return The ARP entry index that matched or is created, ERR_MEM if no
253 * entry is found or could be recycled.
254 */
255static s16_t
256etharp_find_entry(const ip4_addr_t *ipaddr, u8_t flags, struct netif *netif)
257{
258  s16_t old_pending = ARP_TABLE_SIZE, old_stable = ARP_TABLE_SIZE;
259  s16_t empty = ARP_TABLE_SIZE;
260  s16_t i = 0;
261  /* oldest entry with packets on queue */
262  s16_t old_queue = ARP_TABLE_SIZE;
263  /* its age */
264  u16_t age_queue = 0, age_pending = 0, age_stable = 0;
265
266  LWIP_UNUSED_ARG(netif);
267
268  /**
269   * a) do a search through the cache, remember candidates
270   * b) select candidate entry
271   * c) create new entry
272   */
273
274  /* a) in a single search sweep, do all of this
275   * 1) remember the first empty entry (if any)
276   * 2) remember the oldest stable entry (if any)
277   * 3) remember the oldest pending entry without queued packets (if any)
278   * 4) remember the oldest pending entry with queued packets (if any)
279   * 5) search for a matching IP entry, either pending or stable
280   *    until 5 matches, or all entries are searched for.
281   */
282
283  for (i = 0; i < ARP_TABLE_SIZE; ++i) {
284    u8_t state = arp_table[i].state;
285    /* no empty entry found yet and now we do find one? */
286    if ((empty == ARP_TABLE_SIZE) && (state == ETHARP_STATE_EMPTY)) {
287      LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG, ("etharp_find_entry: found empty entry %d\n", (int)i));
288      /* remember first empty entry */
289      empty = i;
290    } else if (state != ETHARP_STATE_EMPTY) {
291      LWIP_ASSERT("state == ETHARP_STATE_PENDING || state >= ETHARP_STATE_STABLE",
292                  state == ETHARP_STATE_PENDING || state >= ETHARP_STATE_STABLE);
293      /* if given, does IP address match IP address in ARP entry? */
294      if (ipaddr && ip4_addr_cmp(ipaddr, &arp_table[i].ipaddr)
295#if ETHARP_TABLE_MATCH_NETIF
296          && ((netif == NULL) || (netif == arp_table[i].netif))
297#endif /* ETHARP_TABLE_MATCH_NETIF */
298         ) {
299        LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_find_entry: found matching entry %d\n", (int)i));
300        /* found exact IP address match, simply bail out */
301        return i;
302      }
303      /* pending entry? */
304      if (state == ETHARP_STATE_PENDING) {
305        /* pending with queued packets? */
306        if (arp_table[i].q != NULL) {
307          if (arp_table[i].ctime >= age_queue) {
308            old_queue = i;
309            age_queue = arp_table[i].ctime;
310          }
311        } else
312          /* pending without queued packets? */
313        {
314          if (arp_table[i].ctime >= age_pending) {
315            old_pending = i;
316            age_pending = arp_table[i].ctime;
317          }
318        }
319        /* stable entry? */
320      } else if (state >= ETHARP_STATE_STABLE) {
321#if ETHARP_SUPPORT_STATIC_ENTRIES
322        /* don't record old_stable for static entries since they never expire */
323        if (state < ETHARP_STATE_STATIC)
324#endif /* ETHARP_SUPPORT_STATIC_ENTRIES */
325        {
326          /* remember entry with oldest stable entry in oldest, its age in maxtime */
327          if (arp_table[i].ctime >= age_stable) {
328            old_stable = i;
329            age_stable = arp_table[i].ctime;
330          }
331        }
332      }
333    }
334  }
335  /* { we have no match } => try to create a new entry */
336
337  /* don't create new entry, only search? */
338  if (((flags & ETHARP_FLAG_FIND_ONLY) != 0) ||
339      /* or no empty entry found and not allowed to recycle? */
340      ((empty == ARP_TABLE_SIZE) && ((flags & ETHARP_FLAG_TRY_HARD) == 0))) {
341    LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_find_entry: no empty entry found and not allowed to recycle\n"));
342    return (s16_t)ERR_MEM;
343  }
344
345  /* b) choose the least destructive entry to recycle:
346   * 1) empty entry
347   * 2) oldest stable entry
348   * 3) oldest pending entry without queued packets
349   * 4) oldest pending entry with queued packets
350   *
351   * { ETHARP_FLAG_TRY_HARD is set at this point }
352   */
353
354  /* 1) empty entry available? */
355  if (empty < ARP_TABLE_SIZE) {
356    i = empty;
357    LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_find_entry: selecting empty entry %d\n", (int)i));
358  } else {
359    /* 2) found recyclable stable entry? */
360    if (old_stable < ARP_TABLE_SIZE) {
361      /* recycle oldest stable*/
362      i = old_stable;
363      LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_find_entry: selecting oldest stable entry %d\n", (int)i));
364      /* no queued packets should exist on stable entries */
365      LWIP_ASSERT("arp_table[i].q == NULL", arp_table[i].q == NULL);
366      /* 3) found recyclable pending entry without queued packets? */
367    } else if (old_pending < ARP_TABLE_SIZE) {
368      /* recycle oldest pending */
369      i = old_pending;
370      LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_find_entry: selecting oldest pending entry %d (without queue)\n", (int)i));
371      /* 4) found recyclable pending entry with queued packets? */
372    } else if (old_queue < ARP_TABLE_SIZE) {
373      /* recycle oldest pending (queued packets are free in etharp_free_entry) */
374      i = old_queue;
375      LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_find_entry: selecting oldest pending entry %d, freeing packet queue %p\n", (int)i, (void *)(arp_table[i].q)));
376      /* no empty or recyclable entries found */
377    } else {
378      LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_find_entry: no empty or recyclable entries found\n"));
379      return (s16_t)ERR_MEM;
380    }
381
382    /* { empty or recyclable entry found } */
383    LWIP_ASSERT("i < ARP_TABLE_SIZE", i < ARP_TABLE_SIZE);
384    etharp_free_entry(i);
385  }
386
387  LWIP_ASSERT("i < ARP_TABLE_SIZE", i < ARP_TABLE_SIZE);
388  LWIP_ASSERT("arp_table[i].state == ETHARP_STATE_EMPTY",
389              arp_table[i].state == ETHARP_STATE_EMPTY);
390
391  /* IP address given? */
392  if (ipaddr != NULL) {
393    /* set IP address */
394    ip4_addr_copy(arp_table[i].ipaddr, *ipaddr);
395  }
396  arp_table[i].ctime = 0;
397#if ETHARP_TABLE_MATCH_NETIF
398  arp_table[i].netif = netif;
399#endif /* ETHARP_TABLE_MATCH_NETIF */
400  return (s16_t)i;
401}
402
403/**
404 * Update (or insert) a IP/MAC address pair in the ARP cache.
405 *
406 * If a pending entry is resolved, any queued packets will be sent
407 * at this point.
408 *
409 * @param netif netif related to this entry (used for NETIF_ADDRHINT)
410 * @param ipaddr IP address of the inserted ARP entry.
411 * @param ethaddr Ethernet address of the inserted ARP entry.
412 * @param flags See @ref etharp_state
413 *
414 * @return
415 * - ERR_OK Successfully updated ARP cache.
416 * - ERR_MEM If we could not add a new ARP entry when ETHARP_FLAG_TRY_HARD was set.
417 * - ERR_ARG Non-unicast address given, those will not appear in ARP cache.
418 *
419 * @see pbuf_free()
420 */
421static err_t
422etharp_update_arp_entry(struct netif *netif, const ip4_addr_t *ipaddr, struct eth_addr *ethaddr, u8_t flags)
423{
424  s16_t i;
425  LWIP_ASSERT("netif->hwaddr_len == ETH_HWADDR_LEN", netif->hwaddr_len == ETH_HWADDR_LEN);
426  LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_update_arp_entry: %"U16_F".%"U16_F".%"U16_F".%"U16_F" - %02"X16_F":%02"X16_F":%02"X16_F":%02"X16_F":%02"X16_F":%02"X16_F"\n",
427              ip4_addr1_16(ipaddr), ip4_addr2_16(ipaddr), ip4_addr3_16(ipaddr), ip4_addr4_16(ipaddr),
428              (u16_t)ethaddr->addr[0], (u16_t)ethaddr->addr[1], (u16_t)ethaddr->addr[2],
429              (u16_t)ethaddr->addr[3], (u16_t)ethaddr->addr[4], (u16_t)ethaddr->addr[5]));
430  /* non-unicast address? */
431  if (ip4_addr_isany(ipaddr) ||
432      ip4_addr_isbroadcast(ipaddr, netif) ||
433      ip4_addr_ismulticast(ipaddr)) {
434    LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_update_arp_entry: will not add non-unicast IP address to ARP cache\n"));
435    return ERR_ARG;
436  }
437  /* find or create ARP entry */
438  i = etharp_find_entry(ipaddr, flags, netif);
439  /* bail out if no entry could be found */
440  if (i < 0) {
441    return (err_t)i;
442  }
443
444#if ETHARP_SUPPORT_STATIC_ENTRIES
445  if (flags & ETHARP_FLAG_STATIC_ENTRY) {
446    /* record static type */
447    arp_table[i].state = ETHARP_STATE_STATIC;
448  } else if (arp_table[i].state == ETHARP_STATE_STATIC) {
449    /* found entry is a static type, don't overwrite it */
450    return ERR_VAL;
451  } else
452#endif /* ETHARP_SUPPORT_STATIC_ENTRIES */
453  {
454    /* mark it stable */
455    arp_table[i].state = ETHARP_STATE_STABLE;
456  }
457
458  /* record network interface */
459  arp_table[i].netif = netif;
460  /* insert in SNMP ARP index tree */
461  mib2_add_arp_entry(netif, &arp_table[i].ipaddr);
462
463  LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_update_arp_entry: updating stable entry %"S16_F"\n", i));
464  /* update address */
465  SMEMCPY(&arp_table[i].ethaddr, ethaddr, ETH_HWADDR_LEN);
466  /* reset time stamp */
467  arp_table[i].ctime = 0;
468  /* this is where we will send out queued packets! */
469#if ARP_QUEUEING
470  while (arp_table[i].q != NULL) {
471    struct pbuf *p;
472    /* remember remainder of queue */
473    struct etharp_q_entry *q = arp_table[i].q;
474    /* pop first item off the queue */
475    arp_table[i].q = q->next;
476    /* get the packet pointer */
477    p = q->p;
478    /* now queue entry can be freed */
479    memp_free(MEMP_ARP_QUEUE, q);
480#else /* ARP_QUEUEING */
481  if (arp_table[i].q != NULL) {
482    struct pbuf *p = arp_table[i].q;
483    arp_table[i].q = NULL;
484#endif /* ARP_QUEUEING */
485    /* send the queued IP packet */
486    ethernet_output(netif, p, (struct eth_addr *)(netif->hwaddr), ethaddr, ETHTYPE_IP);
487    /* free the queued IP packet */
488    pbuf_free(p);
489  }
490  return ERR_OK;
491}
492
493#if ETHARP_SUPPORT_STATIC_ENTRIES
494/** Add a new static entry to the ARP table. If an entry exists for the
495 * specified IP address, this entry is overwritten.
496 * If packets are queued for the specified IP address, they are sent out.
497 *
498 * @param ipaddr IP address for the new static entry
499 * @param ethaddr ethernet address for the new static entry
500 * @return See return values of etharp_add_static_entry
501 */
502err_t
503etharp_add_static_entry(const ip4_addr_t *ipaddr, struct eth_addr *ethaddr)
504{
505  struct netif *netif;
506  LWIP_ASSERT_CORE_LOCKED();
507  LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_add_static_entry: %"U16_F".%"U16_F".%"U16_F".%"U16_F" - %02"X16_F":%02"X16_F":%02"X16_F":%02"X16_F":%02"X16_F":%02"X16_F"\n",
508              ip4_addr1_16(ipaddr), ip4_addr2_16(ipaddr), ip4_addr3_16(ipaddr), ip4_addr4_16(ipaddr),
509              (u16_t)ethaddr->addr[0], (u16_t)ethaddr->addr[1], (u16_t)ethaddr->addr[2],
510              (u16_t)ethaddr->addr[3], (u16_t)ethaddr->addr[4], (u16_t)ethaddr->addr[5]));
511
512  netif = ip4_route(ipaddr);
513  if (netif == NULL) {
514    return ERR_RTE;
515  }
516
517  return etharp_update_arp_entry(netif, ipaddr, ethaddr, ETHARP_FLAG_TRY_HARD | ETHARP_FLAG_STATIC_ENTRY);
518}
519
520/** Remove a static entry from the ARP table previously added with a call to
521 * etharp_add_static_entry.
522 *
523 * @param ipaddr IP address of the static entry to remove
524 * @return ERR_OK: entry removed
525 *         ERR_MEM: entry wasn't found
526 *         ERR_ARG: entry wasn't a static entry but a dynamic one
527 */
528err_t
529etharp_remove_static_entry(const ip4_addr_t *ipaddr)
530{
531  s16_t i;
532  LWIP_ASSERT_CORE_LOCKED();
533  LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_remove_static_entry: %"U16_F".%"U16_F".%"U16_F".%"U16_F"\n",
534              ip4_addr1_16(ipaddr), ip4_addr2_16(ipaddr), ip4_addr3_16(ipaddr), ip4_addr4_16(ipaddr)));
535
536  /* find or create ARP entry */
537  i = etharp_find_entry(ipaddr, ETHARP_FLAG_FIND_ONLY, NULL);
538  /* bail out if no entry could be found */
539  if (i < 0) {
540    return (err_t)i;
541  }
542
543  if (arp_table[i].state != ETHARP_STATE_STATIC) {
544    /* entry wasn't a static entry, cannot remove it */
545    return ERR_ARG;
546  }
547  /* entry found, free it */
548  etharp_free_entry(i);
549  return ERR_OK;
550}
551#endif /* ETHARP_SUPPORT_STATIC_ENTRIES */
552
553/**
554 * Remove all ARP table entries of the specified netif.
555 *
556 * @param netif points to a network interface
557 */
558void
559etharp_cleanup_netif(struct netif *netif)
560{
561  int i;
562
563  for (i = 0; i < ARP_TABLE_SIZE; ++i) {
564    u8_t state = arp_table[i].state;
565    if ((state != ETHARP_STATE_EMPTY) && (arp_table[i].netif == netif)) {
566      etharp_free_entry(i);
567    }
568  }
569}
570
571/**
572 * Finds (stable) ethernet/IP address pair from ARP table
573 * using interface and IP address index.
574 * @note the addresses in the ARP table are in network order!
575 *
576 * @param netif points to interface index
577 * @param ipaddr points to the (network order) IP address index
578 * @param eth_ret points to return pointer
579 * @param ip_ret points to return pointer
580 * @return table index if found, -1 otherwise
581 */
582ssize_t
583etharp_find_addr(struct netif *netif, const ip4_addr_t *ipaddr,
584                 struct eth_addr **eth_ret, const ip4_addr_t **ip_ret)
585{
586  s16_t i;
587
588  LWIP_ASSERT("eth_ret != NULL && ip_ret != NULL",
589              eth_ret != NULL && ip_ret != NULL);
590
591  LWIP_UNUSED_ARG(netif);
592
593  i = etharp_find_entry(ipaddr, ETHARP_FLAG_FIND_ONLY, netif);
594  if ((i >= 0) && (arp_table[i].state >= ETHARP_STATE_STABLE)) {
595    *eth_ret = &arp_table[i].ethaddr;
596    *ip_ret = &arp_table[i].ipaddr;
597    return i;
598  }
599  return -1;
600}
601
602/**
603 * Possibility to iterate over stable ARP table entries
604 *
605 * @param i entry number, 0 to ARP_TABLE_SIZE
606 * @param ipaddr return value: IP address
607 * @param netif return value: points to interface
608 * @param eth_ret return value: ETH address
609 * @return 1 on valid index, 0 otherwise
610 */
611int
612etharp_get_entry(size_t i, ip4_addr_t **ipaddr, struct netif **netif, struct eth_addr **eth_ret)
613{
614  LWIP_ASSERT("ipaddr != NULL", ipaddr != NULL);
615  LWIP_ASSERT("netif != NULL", netif != NULL);
616  LWIP_ASSERT("eth_ret != NULL", eth_ret != NULL);
617
618  if ((i < ARP_TABLE_SIZE) && (arp_table[i].state >= ETHARP_STATE_STABLE)) {
619    *ipaddr  = &arp_table[i].ipaddr;
620    *netif   = arp_table[i].netif;
621    *eth_ret = &arp_table[i].ethaddr;
622    return 1;
623  } else {
624    return 0;
625  }
626}
627
628/**
629 * Responds to ARP requests to us. Upon ARP replies to us, add entry to cache
630 * send out queued IP packets. Updates cache with snooped address pairs.
631 *
632 * Should be called for incoming ARP packets. The pbuf in the argument
633 * is freed by this function.
634 *
635 * @param p The ARP packet that arrived on netif. Is freed by this function.
636 * @param netif The lwIP network interface on which the ARP packet pbuf arrived.
637 *
638 * @see pbuf_free()
639 */
640void
641etharp_input(struct pbuf *p, struct netif *netif)
642{
643  struct etharp_hdr *hdr;
644  /* these are aligned properly, whereas the ARP header fields might not be */
645  ip4_addr_t sipaddr, dipaddr;
646  u8_t for_us;
647
648  LWIP_ASSERT_CORE_LOCKED();
649
650  LWIP_ERROR("netif != NULL", (netif != NULL), return;);
651
652  hdr = (struct etharp_hdr *)p->payload;
653
654  /* RFC 826 "Packet Reception": */
655  if ((hdr->hwtype != PP_HTONS(LWIP_IANA_HWTYPE_ETHERNET)) ||
656      (hdr->hwlen != ETH_HWADDR_LEN) ||
657      (hdr->protolen != sizeof(ip4_addr_t)) ||
658      (hdr->proto != PP_HTONS(ETHTYPE_IP)))  {
659    LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_WARNING,
660                ("etharp_input: packet dropped, wrong hw type, hwlen, proto, protolen or ethernet type (%"U16_F"/%"U16_F"/%"U16_F"/%"U16_F")\n",
661                 hdr->hwtype, (u16_t)hdr->hwlen, hdr->proto, (u16_t)hdr->protolen));
662    ETHARP_STATS_INC(etharp.proterr);
663    ETHARP_STATS_INC(etharp.drop);
664    pbuf_free(p);
665    return;
666  }
667  ETHARP_STATS_INC(etharp.recv);
668
669#if LWIP_AUTOIP
670  /* We have to check if a host already has configured our random
671   * created link local address and continuously check if there is
672   * a host with this IP-address so we can detect collisions */
673  autoip_arp_reply(netif, hdr);
674#endif /* LWIP_AUTOIP */
675
676  /* Copy struct ip4_addr_wordaligned to aligned ip4_addr, to support compilers without
677   * structure packing (not using structure copy which breaks strict-aliasing rules). */
678  IPADDR_WORDALIGNED_COPY_TO_IP4_ADDR_T(&sipaddr, &hdr->sipaddr);
679  IPADDR_WORDALIGNED_COPY_TO_IP4_ADDR_T(&dipaddr, &hdr->dipaddr);
680
681  /* this interface is not configured? */
682  if (ip4_addr_isany_val(*netif_ip4_addr(netif))) {
683    for_us = 0;
684  } else {
685    /* ARP packet directed to us? */
686    for_us = (u8_t)ip4_addr_cmp(&dipaddr, netif_ip4_addr(netif));
687  }
688
689  /* ARP message directed to us?
690      -> add IP address in ARP cache; assume requester wants to talk to us,
691         can result in directly sending the queued packets for this host.
692     ARP message not directed to us?
693      ->  update the source IP address in the cache, if present */
694  etharp_update_arp_entry(netif, &sipaddr, &(hdr->shwaddr),
695                          for_us ? ETHARP_FLAG_TRY_HARD : ETHARP_FLAG_FIND_ONLY);
696
697  /* now act on the message itself */
698  switch (hdr->opcode) {
699    /* ARP request? */
700    case PP_HTONS(ARP_REQUEST):
701      /* ARP request. If it asked for our address, we send out a
702       * reply. In any case, we time-stamp any existing ARP entry,
703       * and possibly send out an IP packet that was queued on it. */
704
705      LWIP_DEBUGF (ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_input: incoming ARP request\n"));
706      /* ARP request for our address? */
707      if (for_us) {
708        /* send ARP response */
709        etharp_raw(netif,
710                   (struct eth_addr *)netif->hwaddr, &hdr->shwaddr,
711                   (struct eth_addr *)netif->hwaddr, netif_ip4_addr(netif),
712                   &hdr->shwaddr, &sipaddr,
713                   ARP_REPLY);
714        /* we are not configured? */
715      } else if (ip4_addr_isany_val(*netif_ip4_addr(netif))) {
716        /* { for_us == 0 and netif->ip_addr.addr == 0 } */
717        LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_input: we are unconfigured, ARP request ignored.\n"));
718        /* request was not directed to us */
719      } else {
720        /* { for_us == 0 and netif->ip_addr.addr != 0 } */
721        LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_input: ARP request was not for us.\n"));
722      }
723      break;
724    case PP_HTONS(ARP_REPLY):
725      /* ARP reply. We already updated the ARP cache earlier. */
726      LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_input: incoming ARP reply\n"));
727#if (LWIP_DHCP && DHCP_DOES_ARP_CHECK)
728      /* DHCP wants to know about ARP replies from any host with an
729       * IP address also offered to us by the DHCP server. We do not
730       * want to take a duplicate IP address on a single network.
731       * @todo How should we handle redundant (fail-over) interfaces? */
732      dhcp_arp_reply(netif, &sipaddr);
733#endif /* (LWIP_DHCP && DHCP_DOES_ARP_CHECK) */
734      break;
735    default:
736      LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_input: ARP unknown opcode type %"S16_F"\n", lwip_htons(hdr->opcode)));
737      ETHARP_STATS_INC(etharp.err);
738      break;
739  }
740  /* free ARP packet */
741  pbuf_free(p);
742}
743
744/** Just a small helper function that sends a pbuf to an ethernet address
745 * in the arp_table specified by the index 'arp_idx'.
746 */
747static err_t
748etharp_output_to_arp_index(struct netif *netif, struct pbuf *q, netif_addr_idx_t arp_idx)
749{
750  LWIP_ASSERT("arp_table[arp_idx].state >= ETHARP_STATE_STABLE",
751              arp_table[arp_idx].state >= ETHARP_STATE_STABLE);
752  /* if arp table entry is about to expire: re-request it,
753     but only if its state is ETHARP_STATE_STABLE to prevent flooding the
754     network with ARP requests if this address is used frequently. */
755  if (arp_table[arp_idx].state == ETHARP_STATE_STABLE) {
756    if (arp_table[arp_idx].ctime >= ARP_AGE_REREQUEST_USED_BROADCAST) {
757      /* issue a standard request using broadcast */
758      if (etharp_request(netif, &arp_table[arp_idx].ipaddr) == ERR_OK) {
759        arp_table[arp_idx].state = ETHARP_STATE_STABLE_REREQUESTING_1;
760      }
761    } else if (arp_table[arp_idx].ctime >= ARP_AGE_REREQUEST_USED_UNICAST) {
762      /* issue a unicast request (for 15 seconds) to prevent unnecessary broadcast */
763      if (etharp_request_dst(netif, &arp_table[arp_idx].ipaddr, &arp_table[arp_idx].ethaddr) == ERR_OK) {
764        arp_table[arp_idx].state = ETHARP_STATE_STABLE_REREQUESTING_1;
765      }
766    }
767  }
768
769  return ethernet_output(netif, q, (struct eth_addr *)(netif->hwaddr), &arp_table[arp_idx].ethaddr, ETHTYPE_IP);
770}
771
772/**
773 * Resolve and fill-in Ethernet address header for outgoing IP packet.
774 *
775 * For IP multicast and broadcast, corresponding Ethernet addresses
776 * are selected and the packet is transmitted on the link.
777 *
778 * For unicast addresses, the packet is submitted to etharp_query(). In
779 * case the IP address is outside the local network, the IP address of
780 * the gateway is used.
781 *
782 * @param netif The lwIP network interface which the IP packet will be sent on.
783 * @param q The pbuf(s) containing the IP packet to be sent.
784 * @param ipaddr The IP address of the packet destination.
785 *
786 * @return
787 * - ERR_RTE No route to destination (no gateway to external networks),
788 * or the return type of either etharp_query() or ethernet_output().
789 */
790err_t
791etharp_output(struct netif *netif, struct pbuf *q, const ip4_addr_t *ipaddr)
792{
793  const struct eth_addr *dest;
794  struct eth_addr mcastaddr;
795  const ip4_addr_t *dst_addr = ipaddr;
796
797  LWIP_ASSERT_CORE_LOCKED();
798  LWIP_ASSERT("netif != NULL", netif != NULL);
799  LWIP_ASSERT("q != NULL", q != NULL);
800  LWIP_ASSERT("ipaddr != NULL", ipaddr != NULL);
801
802  /* Determine on destination hardware address. Broadcasts and multicasts
803   * are special, other IP addresses are looked up in the ARP table. */
804
805  /* broadcast destination IP address? */
806  if (ip4_addr_isbroadcast(ipaddr, netif)) {
807    /* broadcast on Ethernet also */
808    dest = (const struct eth_addr *)&ethbroadcast;
809    /* multicast destination IP address? */
810  } else if (ip4_addr_ismulticast(ipaddr)) {
811    /* Hash IP multicast address to MAC address.*/
812    mcastaddr.addr[0] = LL_IP4_MULTICAST_ADDR_0;
813    mcastaddr.addr[1] = LL_IP4_MULTICAST_ADDR_1;
814    mcastaddr.addr[2] = LL_IP4_MULTICAST_ADDR_2;
815    mcastaddr.addr[3] = ip4_addr2(ipaddr) & 0x7f;
816    mcastaddr.addr[4] = ip4_addr3(ipaddr);
817    mcastaddr.addr[5] = ip4_addr4(ipaddr);
818    /* destination Ethernet address is multicast */
819    dest = &mcastaddr;
820    /* unicast destination IP address? */
821  } else {
822    netif_addr_idx_t i;
823    /* outside local network? if so, this can neither be a global broadcast nor
824       a subnet broadcast. */
825    if (!ip4_addr_netcmp(ipaddr, netif_ip4_addr(netif), netif_ip4_netmask(netif)) &&
826        !ip4_addr_islinklocal(ipaddr)) {
827#if LWIP_AUTOIP
828      struct ip_hdr *iphdr = LWIP_ALIGNMENT_CAST(struct ip_hdr *, q->payload);
829      /* According to RFC 3297, chapter 2.6.2 (Forwarding Rules), a packet with
830         a link-local source address must always be "directly to its destination
831         on the same physical link. The host MUST NOT send the packet to any
832         router for forwarding". */
833      if (!ip4_addr_islinklocal(&iphdr->src))
834#endif /* LWIP_AUTOIP */
835      {
836#ifdef LWIP_HOOK_ETHARP_GET_GW
837        /* For advanced routing, a single default gateway might not be enough, so get
838           the IP address of the gateway to handle the current destination address. */
839        dst_addr = LWIP_HOOK_ETHARP_GET_GW(netif, ipaddr);
840        if (dst_addr == NULL)
841#endif /* LWIP_HOOK_ETHARP_GET_GW */
842        {
843          /* interface has default gateway? */
844          if (!ip4_addr_isany_val(*netif_ip4_gw(netif))) {
845            /* send to hardware address of default gateway IP address */
846            dst_addr = netif_ip4_gw(netif);
847            /* no default gateway available */
848          } else {
849            /* no route to destination error (default gateway missing) */
850            return ERR_RTE;
851          }
852        }
853      }
854    }
855#if LWIP_NETIF_HWADDRHINT
856    if (netif->hints != NULL) {
857      /* per-pcb cached entry was given */
858      netif_addr_idx_t etharp_cached_entry = netif->hints->addr_hint;
859      if (etharp_cached_entry < ARP_TABLE_SIZE) {
860#endif /* LWIP_NETIF_HWADDRHINT */
861        if ((arp_table[etharp_cached_entry].state >= ETHARP_STATE_STABLE) &&
862#if ETHARP_TABLE_MATCH_NETIF
863            (arp_table[etharp_cached_entry].netif == netif) &&
864#endif
865            (ip4_addr_cmp(dst_addr, &arp_table[etharp_cached_entry].ipaddr))) {
866          /* the per-pcb-cached entry is stable and the right one! */
867          ETHARP_STATS_INC(etharp.cachehit);
868          return etharp_output_to_arp_index(netif, q, etharp_cached_entry);
869        }
870#if LWIP_NETIF_HWADDRHINT
871      }
872    }
873#endif /* LWIP_NETIF_HWADDRHINT */
874
875    /* find stable entry: do this here since this is a critical path for
876       throughput and etharp_find_entry() is kind of slow */
877    for (i = 0; i < ARP_TABLE_SIZE; i++) {
878      if ((arp_table[i].state >= ETHARP_STATE_STABLE) &&
879#if ETHARP_TABLE_MATCH_NETIF
880          (arp_table[i].netif == netif) &&
881#endif
882          (ip4_addr_cmp(dst_addr, &arp_table[i].ipaddr))) {
883        /* found an existing, stable entry */
884        ETHARP_SET_ADDRHINT(netif, i);
885        return etharp_output_to_arp_index(netif, q, i);
886      }
887    }
888    /* no stable entry found, use the (slower) query function:
889       queue on destination Ethernet address belonging to ipaddr */
890    return etharp_query(netif, dst_addr, q);
891  }
892
893  /* continuation for multicast/broadcast destinations */
894  /* obtain source Ethernet address of the given interface */
895  /* send packet directly on the link */
896  return ethernet_output(netif, q, (struct eth_addr *)(netif->hwaddr), dest, ETHTYPE_IP);
897}
898
899/**
900 * Send an ARP request for the given IP address and/or queue a packet.
901 *
902 * If the IP address was not yet in the cache, a pending ARP cache entry
903 * is added and an ARP request is sent for the given address. The packet
904 * is queued on this entry.
905 *
906 * If the IP address was already pending in the cache, a new ARP request
907 * is sent for the given address. The packet is queued on this entry.
908 *
909 * If the IP address was already stable in the cache, and a packet is
910 * given, it is directly sent and no ARP request is sent out.
911 *
912 * If the IP address was already stable in the cache, and no packet is
913 * given, an ARP request is sent out.
914 *
915 * @param netif The lwIP network interface on which ipaddr
916 * must be queried for.
917 * @param ipaddr The IP address to be resolved.
918 * @param q If non-NULL, a pbuf that must be delivered to the IP address.
919 * q is not freed by this function.
920 *
921 * @note q must only be ONE packet, not a packet queue!
922 *
923 * @return
924 * - ERR_BUF Could not make room for Ethernet header.
925 * - ERR_MEM Hardware address unknown, and no more ARP entries available
926 *   to query for address or queue the packet.
927 * - ERR_MEM Could not queue packet due to memory shortage.
928 * - ERR_RTE No route to destination (no gateway to external networks).
929 * - ERR_ARG Non-unicast address given, those will not appear in ARP cache.
930 *
931 */
932err_t
933etharp_query(struct netif *netif, const ip4_addr_t *ipaddr, struct pbuf *q)
934{
935  struct eth_addr *srcaddr = (struct eth_addr *)netif->hwaddr;
936  err_t result = ERR_MEM;
937  int is_new_entry = 0;
938  s16_t i_err;
939  netif_addr_idx_t i;
940
941  /* non-unicast address? */
942  if (ip4_addr_isbroadcast(ipaddr, netif) ||
943      ip4_addr_ismulticast(ipaddr) ||
944      ip4_addr_isany(ipaddr)) {
945    LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_query: will not add non-unicast IP address to ARP cache\n"));
946    return ERR_ARG;
947  }
948
949  /* find entry in ARP cache, ask to create entry if queueing packet */
950  i_err = etharp_find_entry(ipaddr, ETHARP_FLAG_TRY_HARD, netif);
951
952  /* could not find or create entry? */
953  if (i_err < 0) {
954    LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_query: could not create ARP entry\n"));
955    if (q) {
956      LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_query: packet dropped\n"));
957      ETHARP_STATS_INC(etharp.memerr);
958    }
959    return (err_t)i_err;
960  }
961  LWIP_ASSERT("type overflow", (size_t)i_err < NETIF_ADDR_IDX_MAX);
962  i = (netif_addr_idx_t)i_err;
963
964  /* mark a fresh entry as pending (we just sent a request) */
965  if (arp_table[i].state == ETHARP_STATE_EMPTY) {
966    is_new_entry = 1;
967    arp_table[i].state = ETHARP_STATE_PENDING;
968    /* record network interface for re-sending arp request in etharp_tmr */
969    arp_table[i].netif = netif;
970  }
971
972  /* { i is either a STABLE or (new or existing) PENDING entry } */
973  LWIP_ASSERT("arp_table[i].state == PENDING or STABLE",
974              ((arp_table[i].state == ETHARP_STATE_PENDING) ||
975               (arp_table[i].state >= ETHARP_STATE_STABLE)));
976
977  /* do we have a new entry? or an implicit query request? */
978  if (is_new_entry || (q == NULL)) {
979    /* try to resolve it; send out ARP request */
980    result = etharp_request(netif, ipaddr);
981    if (result != ERR_OK) {
982      /* ARP request couldn't be sent */
983      /* We don't re-send arp request in etharp_tmr, but we still queue packets,
984         since this failure could be temporary, and the next packet calling
985         etharp_query again could lead to sending the queued packets. */
986    }
987    if (q == NULL) {
988      return result;
989    }
990  }
991
992  /* packet given? */
993  LWIP_ASSERT("q != NULL", q != NULL);
994  /* stable entry? */
995  if (arp_table[i].state >= ETHARP_STATE_STABLE) {
996    /* we have a valid IP->Ethernet address mapping */
997    ETHARP_SET_ADDRHINT(netif, i);
998    /* send the packet */
999    result = ethernet_output(netif, q, srcaddr, &(arp_table[i].ethaddr), ETHTYPE_IP);
1000    /* pending entry? (either just created or already pending */
1001  } else if (arp_table[i].state == ETHARP_STATE_PENDING) {
1002    /* entry is still pending, queue the given packet 'q' */
1003    struct pbuf *p;
1004    int copy_needed = 0;
1005    /* IF q includes a pbuf that must be copied, copy the whole chain into a
1006     * new PBUF_RAM. See the definition of PBUF_NEEDS_COPY for details. */
1007    p = q;
1008    while (p) {
1009      LWIP_ASSERT("no packet queues allowed!", (p->len != p->tot_len) || (p->next == 0));
1010      if (PBUF_NEEDS_COPY(p)) {
1011        copy_needed = 1;
1012        break;
1013      }
1014      p = p->next;
1015    }
1016    if (copy_needed) {
1017      /* copy the whole packet into new pbufs */
1018      p = pbuf_clone(PBUF_LINK, PBUF_RAM, q);
1019    } else {
1020      /* referencing the old pbuf is enough */
1021      p = q;
1022      pbuf_ref(p);
1023    }
1024    /* packet could be taken over? */
1025    if (p != NULL) {
1026      /* queue packet ... */
1027#if ARP_QUEUEING
1028      struct etharp_q_entry *new_entry;
1029      /* allocate a new arp queue entry */
1030      new_entry = (struct etharp_q_entry *)memp_malloc(MEMP_ARP_QUEUE);
1031      if (new_entry != NULL) {
1032        unsigned int qlen = 0;
1033        new_entry->next = 0;
1034        new_entry->p = p;
1035        if (arp_table[i].q != NULL) {
1036          /* queue was already existent, append the new entry to the end */
1037          struct etharp_q_entry *r;
1038          r = arp_table[i].q;
1039          qlen++;
1040          while (r->next != NULL) {
1041            r = r->next;
1042            qlen++;
1043          }
1044          r->next = new_entry;
1045        } else {
1046          /* queue did not exist, first item in queue */
1047          arp_table[i].q = new_entry;
1048        }
1049#if ARP_QUEUE_LEN
1050        if (qlen >= ARP_QUEUE_LEN) {
1051          struct etharp_q_entry *old;
1052          old = arp_table[i].q;
1053          arp_table[i].q = arp_table[i].q->next;
1054          pbuf_free(old->p);
1055          memp_free(MEMP_ARP_QUEUE, old);
1056        }
1057#endif
1058        LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_query: queued packet %p on ARP entry %"U16_F"\n", (void *)q, i));
1059        result = ERR_OK;
1060      } else {
1061        /* the pool MEMP_ARP_QUEUE is empty */
1062        pbuf_free(p);
1063        LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_query: could not queue a copy of PBUF_REF packet %p (out of memory)\n", (void *)q));
1064        result = ERR_MEM;
1065      }
1066#else /* ARP_QUEUEING */
1067      /* always queue one packet per ARP request only, freeing a previously queued packet */
1068      if (arp_table[i].q != NULL) {
1069        LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_query: dropped previously queued packet %p for ARP entry %"U16_F"\n", (void *)q, (u16_t)i));
1070        pbuf_free(arp_table[i].q);
1071      }
1072      arp_table[i].q = p;
1073      result = ERR_OK;
1074      LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_query: queued packet %p on ARP entry %"U16_F"\n", (void *)q, (u16_t)i));
1075#endif /* ARP_QUEUEING */
1076    } else {
1077      ETHARP_STATS_INC(etharp.memerr);
1078      LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_query: could not queue a copy of PBUF_REF packet %p (out of memory)\n", (void *)q));
1079      result = ERR_MEM;
1080    }
1081  }
1082  return result;
1083}
1084
1085/**
1086 * Send a raw ARP packet (opcode and all addresses can be modified)
1087 *
1088 * @param netif the lwip network interface on which to send the ARP packet
1089 * @param ethsrc_addr the source MAC address for the ethernet header
1090 * @param ethdst_addr the destination MAC address for the ethernet header
1091 * @param hwsrc_addr the source MAC address for the ARP protocol header
1092 * @param ipsrc_addr the source IP address for the ARP protocol header
1093 * @param hwdst_addr the destination MAC address for the ARP protocol header
1094 * @param ipdst_addr the destination IP address for the ARP protocol header
1095 * @param opcode the type of the ARP packet
1096 * @return ERR_OK if the ARP packet has been sent
1097 *         ERR_MEM if the ARP packet couldn't be allocated
1098 *         any other err_t on failure
1099 */
1100static err_t
1101etharp_raw(struct netif *netif, const struct eth_addr *ethsrc_addr,
1102           const struct eth_addr *ethdst_addr,
1103           const struct eth_addr *hwsrc_addr, const ip4_addr_t *ipsrc_addr,
1104           const struct eth_addr *hwdst_addr, const ip4_addr_t *ipdst_addr,
1105           const u16_t opcode)
1106{
1107  struct pbuf *p;
1108  err_t result = ERR_OK;
1109  struct etharp_hdr *hdr;
1110
1111  LWIP_ASSERT("netif != NULL", netif != NULL);
1112
1113  /* allocate a pbuf for the outgoing ARP request packet */
1114  p = pbuf_alloc(PBUF_LINK, SIZEOF_ETHARP_HDR, PBUF_RAM);
1115  /* could allocate a pbuf for an ARP request? */
1116  if (p == NULL) {
1117    LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_SERIOUS,
1118                ("etharp_raw: could not allocate pbuf for ARP request.\n"));
1119    ETHARP_STATS_INC(etharp.memerr);
1120    return ERR_MEM;
1121  }
1122  LWIP_ASSERT("check that first pbuf can hold struct etharp_hdr",
1123              (p->len >= SIZEOF_ETHARP_HDR));
1124
1125  hdr = (struct etharp_hdr *)p->payload;
1126  LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_raw: sending raw ARP packet.\n"));
1127  hdr->opcode = lwip_htons(opcode);
1128
1129  LWIP_ASSERT("netif->hwaddr_len must be the same as ETH_HWADDR_LEN for etharp!",
1130              (netif->hwaddr_len == ETH_HWADDR_LEN));
1131
1132  /* Write the ARP MAC-Addresses */
1133  SMEMCPY(&hdr->shwaddr, hwsrc_addr, ETH_HWADDR_LEN);
1134  SMEMCPY(&hdr->dhwaddr, hwdst_addr, ETH_HWADDR_LEN);
1135  /* Copy struct ip4_addr_wordaligned to aligned ip4_addr, to support compilers without
1136   * structure packing. */
1137  IPADDR_WORDALIGNED_COPY_FROM_IP4_ADDR_T(&hdr->sipaddr, ipsrc_addr);
1138  IPADDR_WORDALIGNED_COPY_FROM_IP4_ADDR_T(&hdr->dipaddr, ipdst_addr);
1139
1140  hdr->hwtype = PP_HTONS(LWIP_IANA_HWTYPE_ETHERNET);
1141  hdr->proto = PP_HTONS(ETHTYPE_IP);
1142  /* set hwlen and protolen */
1143  hdr->hwlen = ETH_HWADDR_LEN;
1144  hdr->protolen = sizeof(ip4_addr_t);
1145
1146  /* send ARP query */
1147#if LWIP_AUTOIP
1148  /* If we are using Link-Local, all ARP packets that contain a Link-Local
1149   * 'sender IP address' MUST be sent using link-layer broadcast instead of
1150   * link-layer unicast. (See RFC3927 Section 2.5, last paragraph) */
1151  if (ip4_addr_islinklocal(ipsrc_addr)) {
1152    ethernet_output(netif, p, ethsrc_addr, &ethbroadcast, ETHTYPE_ARP);
1153  } else
1154#endif /* LWIP_AUTOIP */
1155  {
1156    ethernet_output(netif, p, ethsrc_addr, ethdst_addr, ETHTYPE_ARP);
1157  }
1158
1159  ETHARP_STATS_INC(etharp.xmit);
1160  /* free ARP query packet */
1161  pbuf_free(p);
1162  p = NULL;
1163  /* could not allocate pbuf for ARP request */
1164
1165  return result;
1166}
1167
1168/**
1169 * Send an ARP request packet asking for ipaddr to a specific eth address.
1170 * Used to send unicast request to refresh the ARP table just before an entry
1171 * times out
1172 *
1173 * @param netif the lwip network interface on which to send the request
1174 * @param ipaddr the IP address for which to ask
1175 * @param hw_dst_addr the ethernet address to send this packet to
1176 * @return ERR_OK if the request has been sent
1177 *         ERR_MEM if the ARP packet couldn't be allocated
1178 *         any other err_t on failure
1179 */
1180static err_t
1181etharp_request_dst(struct netif *netif, const ip4_addr_t *ipaddr, const struct eth_addr *hw_dst_addr)
1182{
1183  return etharp_raw(netif, (struct eth_addr *)netif->hwaddr, hw_dst_addr,
1184                    (struct eth_addr *)netif->hwaddr, netif_ip4_addr(netif), &ethzero,
1185                    ipaddr, ARP_REQUEST);
1186}
1187
1188/**
1189 * Send an ARP request packet asking for ipaddr.
1190 *
1191 * @param netif the lwip network interface on which to send the request
1192 * @param ipaddr the IP address for which to ask
1193 * @return ERR_OK if the request has been sent
1194 *         ERR_MEM if the ARP packet couldn't be allocated
1195 *         any other err_t on failure
1196 */
1197err_t
1198etharp_request(struct netif *netif, const ip4_addr_t *ipaddr)
1199{
1200  LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_request: sending ARP request.\n"));
1201  return etharp_request_dst(netif, ipaddr, &ethbroadcast);
1202}
1203
1204#endif /* LWIP_IPV4 && LWIP_ARP */
1205