module-info.java revision 1858:d45caa3cd523
1/*
2 * Copyright (c) 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
4 *
5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
8 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
9 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
10 *
11 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
12 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
13 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
14 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
15 * accompanied this code).
16 *
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
18 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
19 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
20 *
21 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
22 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
23 * questions.
24 */
25
26/**
27<p>
28Nashorn is a runtime environment for programs written in ECMAScript 5.1.
29</p>
30<h1>Usage</h1>
31The recommended way to use Nashorn is through the <a href="http://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=223" target="_top">JSR-223
32"Scripting for the Java Platform"</a> APIs found in the {@link javax.script} package. Usually, you'll obtain a
33{@link javax.script.ScriptEngine} instance for Nashorn using:
34<pre>
35import javax.script.*;
36...
37ScriptEngine nashornEngine = new ScriptEngineManager().getEngineByName("nashorn");
38</pre>
39and then use it just as you would any other JSR-223 script engine. See
40<a href="jdk/nashorn/api/scripting/package-summary.html">{@code jdk.nashorn.api.scripting}</a> package
41for details.
42<h1>Compatibility</h1>
43Nashorn is 100% compliant with the <a href="http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-262.htm"
44target="_top">ECMA-262 Standard, Edition 5.1</a>. It requires a Java Virtual Machine that implements the
45<a href="http://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=292" target="_top">JSR-292 "Supporting Dynamically Typed Languages on the Java
46Platform"</a> specification (often referred to as "invokedynamic"), as well as the already mentioned JSR-223.
47<h1>Interoperability with the Java platform</h1>
48In addition to being a 100% ECMAScript 5.1 runtime, Nashorn provides features for interoperability of the ECMAScript
49programs with the Java platform. In general, any Java object put into the script engine's context will be visible from
50the script. In terms of the standard, such Java objects are not considered "native objects", but rather "host objects",
51as defined in section 4.3.8. This distinction allows certain semantical differences in handling them compared to native
52objects. For most purposes, Java objects behave just as native objects do: you can invoke their methods, get and set
53their properties. In most cases, though, you can't add arbitrary properties to them, nor can you remove existing
54properties.
55<h2>Java collection handling</h2>
56Native Java arrays and {@link java.util.List}s support indexed access to their elements through the property accessors,
57and {@link java.util.Map}s support both property and element access through both dot and square-bracket property
58accessors, with the difference being that dot operator gives precedence to object properties (its fields and properties
59defined as {@code getXxx} and {@code setXxx} methods) while the square bracket operator gives precedence to map
60elements. Native Java arrays expose the {@code length} property.
61<h2>ECMAScript primitive types</h2>
62ECMAScript primitive types for number, string, and boolean are represented with {@link java.lang.Number},
63{@link java.lang.CharSequence}, and {@link java.lang.Boolean} objects. While the most often used number type is
64{@link java.lang.Double} and the most often used string type is {@link java.lang.String}, don't rely on it as various
65internal optimizations cause other subclasses of {@code Number} and internal implementations of {@code CharSequence} to
66be used.
67<h2>Type conversions</h2>
68When a method on a Java object is invoked, the arguments are converted to the formal parameter types of the Java method
69using all allowed ECMAScript conversions. This can be surprising, as in general, conversions from string to number will
70succeed according to Standard's section 9.3 "ToNumber" and so on; string to boolean, number to boolean, Object to
71number, Object to string all work. Note that if the Java method's declared parameter type is {@code java.lang.Object},
72Nashorn objects are passed without any conversion whatsoever; specifically if the JavaScript value being passed is of
73primitive string type, you can only rely on it being a {@code java.lang.CharSequence}, and if the value is a number, you
74can only rely on it being a {@code java.lang.Number}. If the Java method declared parameter type is more specific (e.g.
75{@code java.lang.String} or {@code java.lang.Double}), then Nashorn will of course ensure the required type is passed.
76<h2>SAM types</h2>
77As a special extension when invoking Java methods, ECMAScript function objects can be passed in place of an argument
78whose Java type is so-called "single abstract method" or "SAM" type. While this name usually covers single-method
79interfaces, Nashorn is a bit more versatile, and it recognizes a type as a SAM type if all its abstract methods are
80overloads of the same name, and it is either an interface, or it is an abstract class with
81a no-arg constructor. The type itself must be public, while the constructor and the methods can be either public or
82protected. If there are multiple abstract overloads of the same name, the single function will serve as the shared
83implementation for all of them, <em>and additionally it will also override any non-abstract methods of the same name</em>.
84This is done to be consistent with the fact that ECMAScript does not have the concept of overloaded methods.
85<h2>The {@code Java} object</h2>
86Nashorn exposes a non-standard global object named {@code Java} that is the primary API entry point into Java
87platform-specific functionality. You can use it to create instances of Java classes, convert from Java arrays to native
88arrays and back, and so on.
89<h2>Other non-standard built-in objects</h2>
90In addition to {@code Java}, Nashorn also exposes some other non-standard built-in objects:
91{@code JSAdapter}, {@code JavaImporter}, {@code Packages}
92 */
93module jdk.scripting.nashorn {
94    requires java.logging;
95    requires transitive java.scripting;
96    requires jdk.dynalink;
97
98    exports jdk.nashorn.api.scripting;
99    exports jdk.nashorn.api.tree;
100
101    exports jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime to
102        jdk.scripting.nashorn.shell;
103    exports jdk.nashorn.internal.objects to
104        jdk.scripting.nashorn.shell;
105    exports jdk.nashorn.tools to
106        jdk.scripting.nashorn.shell;
107
108    provides javax.script.ScriptEngineFactory
109        with jdk.nashorn.api.scripting.NashornScriptEngineFactory;
110
111    provides jdk.dynalink.linker.GuardingDynamicLinkerExporter
112        with jdk.nashorn.api.linker.NashornLinkerExporter;
113}
114