asia revision 8845:4be14673b9bf
155999Swpaul# 255999Swpaul# DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER. 370711Sobrien# 455999Swpaul# This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it 570711Sobrien# under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as 670711Sobrien# published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this 786410Smatusita# particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided 8129740Simp# by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code. 970711Sobrien# 1055999Swpaul# This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT 1155999Swpaul# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or 1255999Swpaul# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License 1360966Speter# version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that 14# accompanied this code). 15# 16# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version 17# 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, 18# Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. 19# 20# Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA 21# or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any 22# questions. 23# 24# <pre> 25# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 26# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 27 28# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 29# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 30# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). 31 32# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-11): 33# 34# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 35# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 36# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 37# 38# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 39# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 40# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 41# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 42# of the IATA's data after 1990. 43# 44# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 45# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 46# 47# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 48# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 49# I found in the UCLA library. 50# 51# For data circa 1899, a common source is: 52# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94 53# <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>. 54# 55# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 56# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 57# 58# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table; 59# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. 60# Corrections are welcome! 61# std dst 62# LMT Local Mean Time 63# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time 64# 2:00 IST IDT Israel 65# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia* 66# 3:30 IRST IRDT Iran 67# 4:00 GST Gulf* 68# 5:30 IST India 69# 7:00 ICT Indochina* 70# 7:00 WIB west Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Barat) 71# 8:00 WITA central Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Tengah) 72# 8:00 CST China 73# 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)* 74# 9:00 WIT east Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Timur) 75# 9:00 JST JDT Japan 76# 9:00 KST KDT Korea 77# 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time 78# 79# See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia. 80 81# From Guy Harris: 82# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as 83# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental 84# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - 85# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses. 86 87############################################################################### 88 89# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file. 90# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 91Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S 92Rule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - 93Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - 94Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 95Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 96Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 97Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 98Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 99Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 100Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 101Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S 102Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - 103Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 104Rule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 105Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 106 107# Afghanistan 108# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 109Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 110 4:00 - AFT 1945 111 4:30 - AFT 112 113# Armenia 114# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 115# Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) 116# in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then 117# readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even 118# when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz 119# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST 120# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that 121# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991, 122# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998. 123 124# From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15): 125# While Russia abandoned DST in 2011, Armenia may choose to 126# follow Russia's "old" rules. 127 128# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-02-10): 129# According to News Armenia, on Feb 9, 2012, 130# http://newsarmenia.ru/society/20120209/42609695.html 131# 132# The Armenia National Assembly adopted final reading of Amendments to the 133# Law "On procedure of calculation time on the territory of the Republic of 134# Armenia" according to which Armenia [is] abolishing Daylight Saving Time. 135# or 136# (brief) 137# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_armenia03.html 138# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 139Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 140 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time 141 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 142 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence 143 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s 144 4:00 - AMT 1997 145 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 2012 Mar 25 2:00s 146 4:00 - AMT 147 148# Azerbaijan 149# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23): 150# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997 151# Resolution available at: http://aif.az/docs/daylight_res.pdf 152# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 153Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 S 154Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 - 155# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 156Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 157 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time 158 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 159 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence 160 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00 161 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time 162 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997 163 4:00 Azer AZ%sT 164 165# Bahrain 166# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 167Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah 168 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 169 3:00 - AST 170 171# Bangladesh 172# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-05-13): 173# According to newspaper Asian Tribune (May 6, 2009) Bangladesh may introduce 174# Daylight Saving Time from June 16 to Sept 30 175# 176# Bangladesh to introduce daylight saving time likely from June 16 177# <a href="http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288"> 178# http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288 179# </a> 180# or 181# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html"> 182# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html 183# </a> 184# 185# "... Bangladesh government has decided to switch daylight saving time from 186# June 187# 16 till September 30 in a bid to ensure maximum use of daylight to cope with 188# crippling power crisis. " 189# 190# The switch will remain in effect from June 16 to Sept 30 (2009) but if 191# implemented the next year, it will come in force from April 1, 2010 192 193# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-02): 194# They have finally decided now, but changed the start date to midnight between 195# the 19th and 20th, and they have not set the end date yet. 196# 197# Some sources: 198# <a href="http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601"> 199# http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601 200# </a> 201# <a href="http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2"> 202# http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2 203# </a> 204# 205# Our wrap-up: 206# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html"> 207# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html 208# </a> 209 210# From A. N. M. Kamrus Saadat (2009-06-15): 211# Finally we've got the official mail regarding DST start time where DST start 212# time is mentioned as Jun 19 2009, 23:00 from BTRC (Bangladesh 213# Telecommunication Regulatory Commission). 214# 215# No DST end date has been announced yet. 216 217# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-25): 218# Bangladesh won't go back to Standard Time from October 1, 2009, 219# instead it will continue DST measure till the cabinet makes a fresh decision. 220# 221# Following report by same newspaper-"The Daily Star Friday": 222# "DST change awaits cabinet decision-Clock won't go back by 1-hr from Oct 1" 223# <a href="http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021"> 224# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021 225# </a> 226# or 227# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh04.html"> 228# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh04.html 229# </a> 230 231# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-13): 232# IANS (Indo-Asian News Service) now reports: 233# Bangladesh has decided that the clock advanced by an hour to make 234# maximum use of daylight hours as an energy saving measure would 235# "continue for an indefinite period." 236# 237# One of many places where it is published: 238# <a href="http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-time_100259987.html"> 239# http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-time_100259987.html 240# </a> 241 242# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-12-24): 243# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star," 244# Bangladesh will change its clock back to Standard Time on Dec 31, 2009. 245# 246# Clock goes back 1-hr on Dec 31 night. 247# <a href="http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=119228"> 248# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=119228 249# </a> 250# and 251# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh05.html"> 252# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh05.html 253# </a> 254# 255# "...The government yesterday decided to put the clock back by one hour 256# on December 31 midnight and the new time will continue until March 31, 257# 2010 midnight. The decision came at a cabinet meeting at the Prime 258# Minister's Office last night..." 259 260# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-22): 261# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star," 262# Cabinet cancels Daylight Saving Time 263# <a href="http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/latest_news.php?nid=22817"> 264# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/latest_news.php?nid=22817 265# </a> 266# or 267# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh06.html"> 268# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh06.html 269# </a> 270 271# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 272Rule Dhaka 2009 only - Jun 19 23:00 1:00 S 273Rule Dhaka 2009 only - Dec 31 23:59 0 - 274 275# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 276Zone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 277 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 278 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 279 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 280 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30 281 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time 282 6:00 - BDT 2009 283 6:00 Dhaka BD%sT 284 285# Bhutan 286# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 287Zone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu 288 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct 289 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time 290 291# British Indian Ocean Territory 292# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the 293# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996. 294# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced; 295# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which 296# then contained the Chagos Archipelago). 297# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 298Zone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907 299 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time 300 6:00 - IOT 301 302# Brunei 303# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 304Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan 305 7:30 - BNT 1933 306 8:00 - BNT 307 308# Burma / Myanmar 309 310# Milne says 6:24:40 was the meridian of the time ball observatory at Rangoon. 311 312# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 313Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon 314 6:24:40 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? 315 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time 316 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 317 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time 318 319# Cambodia 320# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 321Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 322 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 323 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 324 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 325 7:00 - ICT 326 327# China 328 329# From Guy Harris: 330# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. 331 332# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 333# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though 334# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the 335# Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China 336# has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of 337# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. 338# 339# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too 340# painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for 341# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): 342# 343# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 344# 1987 mid-April - ?? 345 346# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 347# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN 348# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 349 350# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 351# Shanks & Pottenger write that China (except for Hong Kong and Macau) 352# has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, observing summer DST 353# from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's 354# note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986. 355# Go with Shanks & Pottenger for now. I made up names for the other 356# pre-1980 time zones. 357 358# From Shanks & Pottenger: 359# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 360Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 361Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 362Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D 363Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D 364Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S 365Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D 366 367# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20): 368# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five 369# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official 370# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949). 371# 372# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-07-14): 373# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the 374# http://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county 375# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two 376# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border, 377# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are 378# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege 379# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6 380# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two 381# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data. 382 383# From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11): 384# I just now checked Google News for western news sources that talk 385# about China's single time zone, and couldn't find anything before 1986 386# talking about China being in one time zone. (That article was: Jim 387# Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight 388# time--sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05. By the way, this 389# article confirms the tz database's data claiming that China began 390# observing daylight saving time in 1986. 391# 392# From Thomas S. Mullaney (2008-02-11): 393# I think you're combining two subjects that need to treated 394# separately: daylight savings (which, you're correct, wasn't 395# implemented until the 1980s) and the unified time zone centered near 396# Beijing (which was implemented in 1949). Briefly, there was also a 397# "Lhasa Time" in Tibet and "Urumqi Time" in Xinjiang. The first was 398# ceased, and the second eventually recognized (again, in the 1980s). 399# 400# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 401# There seems to be a good chance China switched to a single time zone in 1949 402# rather than in 1980 as Shanks & Pottenger have it, but we don't have a 403# reliable documentary source saying so yet, so for now we still go with 404# Shanks & Pottenger. 405 406# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 407# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) 408# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin 409Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin 410 8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time 411 8:00 - CST 1940 412 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May 413 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May 414 8:00 PRC C%sT 415# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") 416# most of China 417# Milne gives 8:05:56.7; round to nearest. 418Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:57 - LMT 1928 419 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 420 8:00 PRC C%sT 421# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) 422# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan; 423# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong 424# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing, 425# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu. 426Zone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking 427 7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time 428 8:00 PRC C%sT 429# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") 430# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai; 431# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang, 432# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi; 433# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi; 434# east Xinjiang, including Urumqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe, 435# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin, 436# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami, 437# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan. 438Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi 439 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time 440 8:00 PRC C%sT 441# Kunlun Time 442# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule; 443# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke, 444# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding, 445# and Yarkand. 446 447# From Luther Ma (2009-10-17): 448# Almost all (>99.9%) ethnic Chinese (properly ethnic Han) living in 449# Xinjiang use Chinese Standard Time. Some are aware of Xinjiang time, 450# but have no need of it. All planes, trains, and schools function on 451# what is called "Beijing time." When Han make an appointment in Chinese 452# they implicitly use Beijing time. 453# 454# On the other hand, ethnic Uyghurs, who make up about half the 455# population of Xinjiang, typically use "Xinjiang time" which is two 456# hours behind Beijing time, or UTC +0600. The government of the Xinjiang 457# Uyghur Autonomous Region, (XAUR, or just Xinjiang for short) as well as 458# local governments such as the Urumqi city government use both times in 459# publications, referring to what is popularly called Xinjiang time as 460# "Urumqi time." When Uyghurs make an appointment in the Uyghur language 461# they almost invariably use Xinjiang time. 462# 463# (Their ethnic Han compatriots would typically have no clue of its 464# widespread use, however, because so extremely few of them are fluent in 465# Uyghur, comparable to the number of Anglo-Americans fluent in Navajo.) 466# 467# (...As with the rest of China there was a brief interval ending in 1990 468# or 1991 when summer time was in use. The confusion was severe, with 469# the province not having dual times but four times in use at the same 470# time. Some areas remained on standard Xinjiang time or Beijing time and 471# others moving their clocks ahead.) 472# 473# ...an example of an official website using of Urumqi time. 474# 475# The first few lines of the Google translation of 476# <a href="http://www.fjysgl.gov.cn/show.aspx?id=2379&cid=39"> 477# http://www.fjysgl.gov.cn/show.aspx?id=2379&cid=39 478# </a> 479# (retrieved 2009-10-13) 480# > Urumqi fire seven people are missing the alleged losses of at least 481# > 500 million yuan 482# > 483# > (Reporter Dong Liu) the day before 20:20 or so (Urumqi Time 18:20), 484# > Urumqi City Department of International Plaza Luther Qiantang River 485# > burst fire. As of yesterday, 18:30, Urumqi City Fire officers and men 486# > have worked continuously for 22 hours... 487 488# From Luther Ma (2009-11-19): 489# With the risk of being redundant to previous answers these are the most common 490# English "transliterations" (w/o using non-English symbols): 491# 492# 1. Wulumuqi... 493# 2. Kashi... 494# 3. Urumqi... 495# 4. Kashgar... 496# ... 497# 5. It seems that Uyghurs in Urumqi has been using Xinjiang since at least the 498# 1960's. I know of one Han, now over 50, who grew up in the surrounding 499# countryside and used Xinjiang time as a child. 500# 501# 6. Likewise for Kashgar and the rest of south Xinjiang I don't know of any 502# start date for Xinjiang time. 503# 504# Without having access to local historical records, nor the ability to legally 505# publish them, I would go with October 1, 1949, when Xinjiang became the Uyghur 506# Autonomous Region under the PRC. (Before that Uyghurs, of course, would also 507# not be using Beijing time, but some local time.) 508 509Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar 510 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time 511 5:00 - KAST 1980 May 512 8:00 PRC C%sT 513 514 515# Hong Kong (Xianggang) 516 517# Milne gives 7:36:41.7; round this. 518 519# From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24): 520# I found there are some mistakes for the...DST rule for Hong 521# Kong. [According] to the DST record from Hong Kong Observatory (actually, 522# it is not [an] observatory, but the official meteorological agency of HK, 523# and also serves as the official timing agency), there are some missing 524# and incorrect rules. Although the exact switch over time is missing, I 525# think 3:30 is correct. The official DST record for Hong Kong can be 526# obtained from 527# <a href="http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm"> 528# http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm 529# </a>. 530 531# From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28): 532# Here are the dates given at 533# <a href="http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm"> 534# http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm 535# </a> 536# as of 2009-10-28: 537# Year Period 538# 1941 1 Apr to 30 Sep 539# 1942 Whole year 540# 1943 Whole year 541# 1944 Whole year 542# 1945 Whole year 543# 1946 20 Apr to 1 Dec 544# 1947 13 Apr to 30 Dec 545# 1948 2 May to 31 Oct 546# 1949 3 Apr to 30 Oct 547# 1950 2 Apr to 29 Oct 548# 1951 1 Apr to 28 Oct 549# 1952 6 Apr to 25 Oct 550# 1953 5 Apr to 1 Nov 551# 1954 21 Mar to 31 Oct 552# 1955 20 Mar to 6 Nov 553# 1956 18 Mar to 4 Nov 554# 1957 24 Mar to 3 Nov 555# 1958 23 Mar to 2 Nov 556# 1959 22 Mar to 1 Nov 557# 1960 20 Mar to 6 Nov 558# 1961 19 Mar to 5 Nov 559# 1962 18 Mar to 4 Nov 560# 1963 24 Mar to 3 Nov 561# 1964 22 Mar to 1 Nov 562# 1965 18 Apr to 17 Oct 563# 1966 17 Apr to 16 Oct 564# 1967 16 Apr to 22 Oct 565# 1968 21 Apr to 20 Oct 566# 1969 20 Apr to 19 Oct 567# 1970 19 Apr to 18 Oct 568# 1971 18 Apr to 17 Oct 569# 1972 16 Apr to 22 Oct 570# 1973 22 Apr to 21 Oct 571# 1973/74 30 Dec 73 to 20 Oct 74 572# 1975 20 Apr to 19 Oct 573# 1976 18 Apr to 17 Oct 574# 1977 Nil 575# 1978 Nil 576# 1979 13 May to 21 Oct 577# 1980 to Now Nil 578# The page does not give start or end times of day. 579# The page does not give a start date for 1942. 580# The page does not givw an end date for 1945. 581# The Japanese occupation of Hong Kong began on 1941-12-25. 582# The Japanese surrender of Hong Kong was signed 1945-09-15. 583# For lack of anything better, use start of those days as the transition times. 584 585# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 586Rule HK 1941 only - Apr 1 3:30 1:00 S 587Rule HK 1941 only - Sep 30 3:30 0 - 588Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S 589Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - 590Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S 591Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 - 592Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S 593Rule HK 1948 1951 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 - 594Rule HK 1952 only - Oct 25 3:30 0 - 595Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S 596Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 - 597Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S 598Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 - 599Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 600Rule HK 1965 1976 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 601Rule HK 1965 1976 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 602Rule HK 1973 only - Dec 30 3:30 1:00 S 603Rule HK 1979 only - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S 604Rule HK 1979 only - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 605# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 606Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:42 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 607 8:00 HK HK%sT 1941 Dec 25 608 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 15 609 8:00 HK HK%sT 610 611############################################################################### 612 613# Taiwan 614 615# Shanks & Pottenger write that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it 616# was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't 617# have any other information. 618 619# From smallufo (2010-04-03): 620# According to Taiwan's CWB, 621# <a href="http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V6/astronomy/cdata/summert.htm"> 622# http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V6/astronomy/cdata/summert.htm 623# </a> 624# Taipei has DST in 1979 between July 1st and Sep 30. 625 626# From Arthur David Olson (2010-04-07): 627# Here's Google's translation of the table at the bottom of the "summert.htm" page: 628# Decade Name Start and end date 629# Republic of China 34 years to 40 years (AD 1945-1951 years) Summer Time May 1 to September 30 630# 41 years of the Republic of China (AD 1952) Daylight Saving Time March 1 to October 31 631# Republic of China 42 years to 43 years (AD 1953-1954 years) Daylight Saving Time April 1 to October 31 632# In the 44 years to 45 years (AD 1955-1956 years) Daylight Saving Time April 1 to September 30 633# Republic of China 46 years to 48 years (AD 1957-1959) Summer Time April 1 to September 30 634# Republic of China 49 years to 50 years (AD 1960-1961) Summer Time June 1 to September 30 635# Republic of China 51 years to 62 years (AD 1962-1973 years) Stop Summer Time 636# Republic of China 63 years to 64 years (1974-1975 AD) Daylight Saving Time April 1 to September 30 637# Republic of China 65 years to 67 years (1976-1978 AD) Stop Daylight Saving Time 638# Republic of China 68 years (AD 1979) Daylight Saving Time July 1 to September 30 639# Republic of China since 69 years (AD 1980) Stop Daylight Saving Time 640 641# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 642Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 643Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 644Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D 645Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 646Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 647Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 648Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 649Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 650Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 651Rule Taiwan 1979 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D 652Rule Taiwan 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S 653 654# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 655Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 # or Taibei or T'ai-pei 656 8:00 Taiwan C%sT 657 658# Macau (Macao, Aomen) 659# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 660Rule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 661Rule Macau 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 662Rule Macau 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 663Rule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 664Rule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 665Rule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 - 666Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 667Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 668Rule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 669Rule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 670Rule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 - 671Rule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S 672Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 673Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 674# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 675Zone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912 676 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China 677 8:00 PRC C%sT 678 679 680############################################################################### 681 682# Cyprus 683# 684# Milne says the Eastern Telegraph Company used 2:14:00. Stick with LMT. 685# 686# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 687Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S 688Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - 689Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S 690Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - 691Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 692Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 693Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - 694Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 695Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 696# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 697Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 698 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 699 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 700# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. 701 702# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. 703# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. 704Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia 705 706# Georgia 707# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19): 708# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward 709# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze, 710# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it! 711# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall. 712# 713# From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04): 714# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia 715# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy, 716# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday. 717# 718# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27): 719# 720# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet 721# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it 722# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours 723# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia, 724# Mikhail Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process 725# of integration into Europe. 726 727# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07): 728# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on 729# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years. 730# Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT 731# +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document 732# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document, 733# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time.... 734# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our 735# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month. 736 737 738# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 739Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880 740 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time 741 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time 742 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 743 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence 744 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time 745 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun 746 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun 747 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun 748 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 2004 Jun 27 749 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00 750 4:00 - GET 751 752# East Timor 753 754# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition. 755 756# From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in 757# <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm"> 758# East Timor may be late for its millennium 759# </a> (1999-12-26/31): 760# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun 761# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the 762# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it 763# conflicts with their way of life. 764 765# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): 766# We don't have any record of the above attempt. 767# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data. 768 769# <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html"> 770# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General 771# (2000-08-16)</a>: 772# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided 773# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change, 774# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at 775# midnight on Saturday, September 16. 776 777# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 778Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 779 8:00 - TLT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time 780 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 781 9:00 - TLT 1976 May 3 782 8:00 - WITA 2000 Sep 17 00:00 783 9:00 - TLT 784 785# India 786# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 787Zone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata 788 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 789 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 790 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 791 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 792 5:30 - IST 793# The following are like Asia/Kolkata: 794# Andaman Is 795# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is) 796# Nicobar Is 797 798# Indonesia 799# 800# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger: 801# <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime> 802# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some 803# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat 804# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7. 805# 806# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10): 807# Here is another correction to Shanks & Pottenger. 808# JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in 809# Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and 810# other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus 811# September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore. 812# These would be the earliest possible times for a change. 813# Regimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (Editions 814# Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched 815# from JST to UTC+07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura 816# (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura 817# switched on 1945-09-23. 818# 819# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-11): 820# Normally the tz database uses English-language abbreviations, but in 821# Indonesia it's typical to use Indonesian-language abbreviations even 822# when writing in English. For example, see the English-language 823# summary published by the Time and Frequency Laboratory of the 824# Research Center for Calibration, Instrumentation and Metrology, 825# Indonesia, <http://time.kim.lipi.go.id/time-eng.php> (2006-09-29). 826# The abbreviations are: 827# 828# WIB - UTC+7 - Waktu Indonesia Barat (Indonesia western time) 829# WITA - UTC+8 - Waktu Indonesia Tengah (Indonesia central time) 830# WIT - UTC+9 - Waktu Indonesia Timur (Indonesia eastern time) 831# 832# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 833# Java, Sumatra 834Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10 835# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13, 836# but this must be a typo. 837 7:07:12 - BMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Batavia 838 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time 839 7:30 - WIB 1942 Mar 23 840 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 841 7:30 - WIB 1948 May 842 8:00 - WIB 1950 May 843 7:30 - WIB 1964 844 7:00 - WIB 845# west and central Borneo 846Zone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May 847 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT 848 7:30 - WIB 1942 Jan 29 849 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 850 7:30 - WIB 1948 May 851 8:00 - WIB 1950 May 852 7:30 - WIB 1964 853 8:00 - WITA 1988 Jan 1 854 7:00 - WIB 855# Sulawesi, Lesser Sundas, east and south Borneo 856Zone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920 857 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT 858 8:00 - WITA 1942 Feb 9 859 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 860 8:00 - WITA 861# Maluku Islands, West Papua, Papua 862Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov 863 9:00 - WIT 1944 Sep 1 864 9:30 - CST 1964 865 9:00 - WIT 866 867# Iran 868 869# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15): 870# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian). 871# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine: 872# 873# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16] 874# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01] 875# 876# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country 877# 878# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14], 879# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13] 880# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs, 881# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers 882# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and 883# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that: 884# 885# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour 886# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return 887# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of 888# Shahrivar. 889# 890# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi 891# 892# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed 893# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the 894# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last 895# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates.... 896# I have also changed the abbreviations to what is considered correct 897# here in Iran, IRST for regular time and IRDT for daylight saving time. 898# 899# From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05): 900# The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions 901# that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic 902# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious 903# plan to change that law.... 904# 905# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 906# Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter. 907# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 21.2 to check Persian dates, 908# stopping after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow. 909# That cal-persia used Birashk's approximation, which disagrees with the solar 910# calendar predictions for the year 2025, so I corrected those dates by hand. 911# 912# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future 913# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar: 914# For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for 915# the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local 916# Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be 917# known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer: 918# 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give 919# no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant 920# in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between 921# arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058: 922# vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of 923# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date 924# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical). 925# 926# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22): 927# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore: 928# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm 929# 930# From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper Norgaard Welen: 931# ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce 932# daylight saving time ... 933# http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916 934# 935# From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05): 936# This is quoted from Official Gazette of the Islamic Republic of 937# Iran, Volume 63, Number 18242, dated Tuesday 1386/6/24 938# [2007-10-16]. I am doing the best translation I can:... 939# The official time of the country will be moved forward for one hour 940# on the 24 hours of the first day of the month of Farvardin and will 941# be changed back to its previous state on the 24 hours of the 942# thirtieth day of Shahrivar. 943# 944# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 945Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 946Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 S 947Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 S 948Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 S 949Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 D 950Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 951Rule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 952Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 953Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 954Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 955Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 956Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 957Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 958Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 959Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 960Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 961Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 962Rule Iran 2005 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 963Rule Iran 2005 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 964Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 965Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 966Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 967Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 968Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 969Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 970Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 971Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 972Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 973Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 974Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 975Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 976Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 977Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 978Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 979Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 980Rule Iran 2024 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 981Rule Iran 2024 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 982Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 983Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 984Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 985Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 986Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 987Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 988Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 989Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 990Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 991Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 992Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 993Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 994# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 995Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916 996 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time 997 3:30 - IRST 1977 Nov 998 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979 999 3:30 Iran IR%sT 1000 1001 1002# Iraq 1003# 1004# From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12): 1005# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in 1006# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph: 1007# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and 1008# are an hour ahead of Baghdad." 1009# 1010# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows: 1011# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi 1012# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred 1013# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone 1014# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq. 1015# 1016# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim. 1017 1018# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10): 1019# The cabinet in Iraq abolished DST last week, according to the following 1020# news sources (in Arabic): 1021# <a href="http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html"> 1022# http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html 1023# </a> 1024# <a href="http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10"> 1025# http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10 1026# </a> 1027# 1028# We have published a short article in English about the change: 1029# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html"> 1030# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html 1031# </a> 1032 1033# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1034Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 1035Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 1036Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 1037Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 1038Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S 1039Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D 1040# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo. 1041# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this. 1042# 1043Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D 1044Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S 1045# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1046Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890 1047 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? 1048 3:00 - AST 1982 May 1049 3:00 Iraq A%sT 1050 1051 1052############################################################################### 1053 1054# Israel 1055 1056# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11): 1057# 1058# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three 1059# different abbreviations in use: 1060# 1061# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University] 1062# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion] 1063# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else] 1064# 1065# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities, 1066# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe, 1067# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with 1068# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go 1069# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone 1070# settings in Israeli computers. 1071# 1072# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India, 1073# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's 1074# family is from India). 1075 1076# From Shanks & Pottenger: 1077# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1078Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 1079Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 1080Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1081Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 1082Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 1083Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 1084Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D 1085Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 1086Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD 1087Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D 1088Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 1089Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 1090Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 1091Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S 1092Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 1093Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S 1094Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D 1095Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S 1096Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D 1097Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S 1098Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D 1099Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S 1100Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D 1101Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S 1102Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 1103Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S 1104Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D 1105Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 1106Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D 1107Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S 1108Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D 1109Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S 1110Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D 1111Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S 1112Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D 1113Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S 1114Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 1115Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 1116Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D 1117Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 1118 1119# From Ephraim Silverberg 1120# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22, 1121# and 2005-02-17): 1122 1123# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of 1124# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. 1125# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 1126# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to 1127# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to 1128# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a 1129# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard 1130# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard 1131# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid 1132# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to 1133# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from 1134# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time 1135# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for 1136# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was 1137# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it 1138# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all 1139# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no 1140# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date 1141# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve 1142# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date 1143# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] 1144# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar). 1145 1146# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1147Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D 1148Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 1149Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D 1150Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S 1151Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D 1152Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S 1153Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D 1154Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 1155Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D 1156Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 1157 1158# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the 1159# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by 1160# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448. 1161 1162# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1163Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 1164Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S 1165Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 1166Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 1167 1168# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the 1169# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998 1170# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: 1171# 1172# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz 1173# 1174# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. 1175# 1176# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at: 1177# 1178# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz 1179# 1180# where YYYY is the relevant year. 1181 1182# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1183Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D 1184Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S 1185Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 1186Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S 1187Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D 1188Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 1189Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D 1190Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S 1191 1192# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for 1193# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the 1194# years 2001-2004 as well. 1195# 1196# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at: 1197# 1198# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz 1199# 1200# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates 1201# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at: 1202# 1203# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz 1204 1205# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1206Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 1207Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S 1208Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D 1209Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S 1210Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D 1211Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S 1212Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D 1213Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S 1214Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D 1215Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S 1216 1217# The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on 1218# 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the 1219# last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April 1220# 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday 1221# night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur. 1222# 1223# Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at: 1224# 1225# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps 1226 1227# From Paul Eggert (2012-10-26): 1228# I used Ephraim Silverberg's dst-israel.el program 1229# <ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/software/dst-israel.el> (2005-02-20) 1230# along with Ed Reingold's cal-hebrew in GNU Emacs 21.4, 1231# to generate the transitions from 2005 through 2012. 1232# (I replaced "lastFri" with "Fri>=26" by hand.) 1233# The spring transitions all correspond to the following Rule: 1234# 1235# Rule Zion 2005 2012 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1236# 1237# but older zic implementations (e.g., Solaris 8) do not support 1238# "Fri>=26" to mean April 1 in years like 2005, so for now we list the 1239# springtime transitions explicitly. 1240 1241# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1242Rule Zion 2005 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1243Rule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 1244Rule Zion 2006 2010 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1245Rule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S 1246Rule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 1247Rule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S 1248Rule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 1249Rule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 1250Rule Zion 2011 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1251Rule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 1252Rule Zion 2012 only - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1253Rule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S 1254 1255# From Ephraim Silverberg (2013-06-27): 1256# On June 23, 2013, the Israeli government approved changes to the 1257# Time Decree Law. The next day, the changes passed the First Reading 1258# in the Knesset. The law is expected to pass the Second and Third 1259# (final) Readings by the beginning of September 2013. 1260# 1261# As of 2013, DST starts at 02:00 on the Friday before the last Sunday 1262# in March. DST ends at 02:00 on the last Sunday of October. 1263 1264# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1265Rule Zion 2013 max - Mar Fri>=23 2:00 1:00 D 1266Rule Zion 2013 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 1267 1268# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1269Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:54 - LMT 1880 1270 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 1271 2:00 Zion I%sT 1272 1273 1274 1275############################################################################### 1276 1277# Japan 1278 1279# `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris. 1280 1281# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06): 1282# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had 1283# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued 1284# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.'' 1285 1286# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times 1287# <http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm>: 1288# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on 1289# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of 1290# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated 1291# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to 1292# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San 1293# Francisco Peace Treaty was signed. (A government poll in 1951 showed 53% 1294# of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who 1295# wanted to keep it.) 1296 1297# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1298# Shanks & Pottenger write that DST in Japan during those years was as follows: 1299# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1300Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1301Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S 1302Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1303Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1304# but the only locations using it (for birth certificates, presumably, since 1305# their audience is astrologers) were US military bases. For now, assume 1306# that for most purposes daylight-saving time was observed; otherwise, what 1307# would have been the point of the 1951 poll? 1308 1309# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09): 1310# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical 1311# Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0. 1312# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996' 1313# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.... 1314# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST). 1315# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07. 1316 1317# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16): 1318# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan, 1319# which stands for the time on E 135 degree. 1320# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central 1321# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard 1322# time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard 1323# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No. 1324# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is 1325# standard.... 1326# 1327# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate. 1328# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor. 1329 1330# Shanks & Pottenger claim JST in use since 1896, and that a few 1331# places (e.g. Ishigaki) use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all 1332# ordinances took effect on Jan 1. 1333 1334# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1335Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u 1336 9:00 - JST 1896 1337 9:00 - CJT 1938 1338 9:00 Japan J%sT 1339# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo. 1340 1341# Jordan 1342# 1343# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html"> 1344# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): 1345# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight, 1346# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time 1347# all year round. 1348# 1349# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html"> 1350# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09): 1351# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back 1352# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final! 1353# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in 1354# government's departments from six to seven hours. 1355# 1356# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 1357# Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 1358# 1359# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 1360# For Jordan I have received multiple independent user reports every year 1361# about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year. 1362# 1363# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-10-01), after a heads-up from Hilal Malawi: 1364# http://www.petranews.gov.jo/nepras/2006/Sep/05/4000.htm 1365# "Jordan will switch to winter time on Friday, October 27". 1366# 1367 1368# From Phil Pizzey (2009-04-02): 1369# ...I think I may have spotted an error in the timezone data for 1370# Jordan. 1371# The current (2009d) asia file shows Jordan going to daylight 1372# saving 1373# time on the last Thursday in March. 1374# 1375# Rule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1376# 1377# However timeanddate.com, which I usually find reliable, shows Jordan 1378# going to daylight saving time on the last Friday in March since 2002. 1379# Please see 1380# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11"> 1381# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11 1382# </a> 1383 1384# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-04-02): 1385# This single one might be good enough, (2009-03-24, Arabic): 1386# <a href="http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279"> 1387# http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279 1388# </a> 1389# 1390# Google's translation: 1391# 1392# > The Council of Ministers decided in 2002 to adopt the principle of timely 1393# > submission of the summer at 60 minutes as of midnight on the last Thursday 1394# > of the month of March of each year. 1395# 1396# So - this means the midnight between Thursday and Friday since 2002. 1397 1398# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-06): 1399# We still have Jordan switching to DST on Thursdays in 2000 and 2001. 1400 1401# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-10-25): 1402# Yesterday the government in Jordan announced that they will not 1403# switch back to standard time this winter, so the will stay on DST 1404# until about the same time next year (at least). 1405# http://www.petra.gov.jo/Public_News/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?NewsID=88950 1406# 1407# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-21): 1408# It's looking like this change will be permanent; see 1409# Petra News Agency, Cancelling winter saved Jordan $7 million (2013-02-20) 1410# <http://www.albawaba.com/business/jordan-winter-electricity--472005>. 1411# So move Jordan to UTC+3 as of the abovementioned date. 1412 1413# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1414Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S 1415Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1416Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1417Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1418Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1419Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1420Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 1421Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1422Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1423Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1424Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 1425Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S 1426Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S 1427Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S 1428Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - 1429Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S 1430Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 1431Rule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1432Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 1433Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 - 1434Rule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1435Rule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1436Rule Jordan 2000 2001 - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1437Rule Jordan 2002 2012 - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 1438Rule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 - 1439Rule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 - 1440Rule Jordan 2005 only - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1441Rule Jordan 2006 2012 - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1442# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1443Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 1444 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 2012 Oct 26 0:00s 1445 3:00 - AST 1446 1447 1448# Kazakhstan 1449 1450# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): 1451# Andrew Evtichov (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan 1452# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk) 1453# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones. 1454# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time 1455# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan. 1456 1457# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1458# German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses 1459# RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it. 1460# Go with Shanks & Pottenger, who have them always using RussiaAsia rules. 1461# Also go with the following claims of Shanks & Pottenger: 1462# 1463# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991. 1464# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00. 1465# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989. 1466 1467# <a href="http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm"> 1468# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11 (2005-03-21): 1469# </a> 1470# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing 1471# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health 1472# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity. 1473# 1474# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28): 1475# ... what happened was that the former Kazakhstan Eastern time zone 1476# was "blended" with the Central zone. Therefore, Kazakhstan now has 1477# two time zones, and difference between them is one hour. The zone 1478# closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the 1479# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtobe, Atyrau, 1480# Mangghystau, and West Kazakhstan. The other zone encompasses 1481# everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones 1482# de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively. 1483 1484# 1485# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1486# 1487# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan 1488Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata 1489 5:00 - ALMT 1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time 1490 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991 1491 6:00 - ALMT 1992 1492 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 2005 Mar 15 1493 6:00 - ALMT 1494# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) 1495Zone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 1496 4:00 - KIZT 1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time 1497 5:00 - KIZT 1981 Apr 1 1498 5:00 1:00 KIZST 1981 Oct 1 1499 6:00 - KIZT 1982 Apr 1 1500 5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991 1501 5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1502 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 1503 6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 2005 Mar 15 1504 6:00 - QYZT 1505# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk) 1506Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 1507 4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time 1508 5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1 1509 5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1 1510 6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1 1511 5:00 RussiaAsia AKT%sT 1991 1512 5:00 - AKTT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1513 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Aqtobe Time 1514 5:00 - AQTT 1515# Mangghystau 1516# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region, 1517# so include time stamps before 1963. 1518Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 1519 4:00 - FORT 1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T 1520 5:00 - FORT 1963 1521 5:00 - SHET 1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time 1522 6:00 - SHET 1982 Apr 1 1523 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991 1524 5:00 - SHET 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1525 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time 1526 4:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 1527 5:00 - AQTT 1528# West Kazakhstan 1529Zone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk 1530 4:00 - URAT 1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time 1531 5:00 - URAT 1981 Apr 1 1532 5:00 1:00 URAST 1981 Oct 1 1533 6:00 - URAT 1982 Apr 1 1534 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00 1535 4:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1991 1536 4:00 - URAT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1537 4:00 RussiaAsia ORA%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Oral Time 1538 5:00 - ORAT 1539 1540# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan) 1541# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger. 1542 1543# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15): 1544# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway 1545# <http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml> 1546# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article 1547# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC. 1548# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21): 1549# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005. 1550# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving. 1551 1552# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1553Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S 1554Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1555Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S 1556Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 - 1557# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1558Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 1559 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time 1560 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 1561 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence 1562 5:00 Kyrgyz KG%sT 2005 Aug 12 # Kyrgyzstan Time 1563 6:00 - KGT 1564 1565############################################################################### 1566 1567# Korea (North and South) 1568 1569# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10) in 1570# <http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/07/10/200607100012.asp>: 1571# The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy has already 1572# commissioned a research project [to reintroduce DST] and has said 1573# the system may begin as early as 2008.... Korea ran a daylight 1574# saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it during the 1950-53 Korean War. 1575 1576# From Shanks & Pottenger: 1577# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1578Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 1579Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 1580Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D 1581Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S 1582 1583# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1584Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890 1585 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 1586 9:00 - KST 1928 1587 8:30 - KST 1932 1588 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 1589 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 1590 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct 1591 9:00 ROK K%sT 1592Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890 1593 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 1594 9:00 - KST 1928 1595 8:30 - KST 1932 1596 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 1597 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10 1598 9:00 - KST 1599 1600############################################################################### 1601 1602# Kuwait 1603# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1604# From the Arab Times (2007-03-14): 1605# The Civil Service Commission (CSC) has approved a proposal forwarded 1606# by MP Ahmad Baqer on implementing the daylight saving time (DST) in 1607# Kuwait starting from April until the end of Sept this year, reports Al-Anba. 1608# <http://www.arabtimesonline.com/arabtimes/kuwait/Viewdet.asp?ID=9950>. 1609# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 1610# We don't know the details, or whether the approval means it'll happen, 1611# so for now we assume no DST. 1612Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950 1613 3:00 - AST 1614 1615# Laos 1616# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1617Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan 1618 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 1619 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 1620 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 1621 7:00 - ICT 1622 1623# Lebanon 1624# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1625Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 1626Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - 1627Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 1628Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 1629Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 1630Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 1631Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S 1632Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 1633Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1634Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1635Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S 1636Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1637Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1638Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1639Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 1640Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1641Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 - 1642Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 1643Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1644Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1645Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 1646Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1647Rule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1648Rule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 1649# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1650Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 1651 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT 1652 1653# Malaysia 1654# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1655Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer 1656Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - 1657# 1658# peninsular Malaysia 1659# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 1660# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 1661# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1662Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 1663 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 1664 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 1665 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 1666 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 1667 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 1668 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1669 7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1 1670 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time 1671# Sabah & Sarawak 1672# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1673# The data here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982 1674# transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng. 1675# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1676Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar 1677 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time 1678 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16 1679 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1680 8:00 - BORT 1982 Jan 1 1681 8:00 - MYT 1682 1683# Maldives 1684# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1685Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male 1686 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time 1687 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time 1688 1689# Mongolia 1690 1691# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but 1692# usno1995 and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World (2005-03) 1693# both say that it has just one. 1694 1695# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11): 1696# <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm"> 1697# General Information Mongolia 1698# </a> (1999-09) 1699# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of 1700# Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and 1701# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus 1702# eight hours." 1703 1704# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13): 1705# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998 1706# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am 1707# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time 1708# of implementation may have been different.... 1709# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time 1710# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod, 1711# Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij. 1712 1713# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15): 1714# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia. 1715# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone; 1716# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us, 1717# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd 1718# is good enough for our purposes. 1719 1720# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13): 1721# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier 1722# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28), 1723# there are three time zones. 1724# 1725# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-ulgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai 1726# Provinces [at 8:00]: Khovsgol, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Tov, 1727# Bayankhongor, Ovorkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Omnogovi 1728# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sukhbaatar 1729# 1730# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.] 1731 1732# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17): 1733# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March. 1734# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of 1735# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001. 1736# 1737# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17): 1738# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs 1739# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them. 1740 1741# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26): 1742# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones. 1743# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says 1744# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft 1745# Windows XP as the source. Risto Nykanen (2005-05-16) reports that 1746# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UTC+7, UTC+8) with no DST. 1747# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in 1748# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed. 1749# He also found 1750# <http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1&> 1751# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius" 1752# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones. 1753# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT 1754# and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but Sukhbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT. 1755# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the 1756# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session." 1757# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation. 1758 1759# From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26): 1760# Parliament of Mongolia has just changed the daylight-saving rule in February. 1761# They decided not to adopt daylight-saving time.... 1762# http://www.mongolnews.mn/index.php?module=unuudur&sec=view&id=15742 1763 1764# From Deborah Goldsmith (2008-03-30): 1765# We received a bug report claiming that the tz database UTC offset for 1766# Asia/Choibalsan (GMT+09:00) is incorrect, and that it should be GMT 1767# +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz 1768# database on this, e.g.: 1769# 1770# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026"> 1771# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026 1772# </a> 1773# <a href="http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx"> 1774# http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx 1775# </a> 1776# 1777# both say GMT+08:00. 1778 1779# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31): 1780# eznis airways, which operates several domestic flights, has a flight 1781# schedule here: 1782# <a href="http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112"> 1783# http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112 1784# </a> 1785# (click the English flag for English) 1786# 1787# There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbatar arrive 1788# about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the 1789# direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khvod takes 2 hours in the Eastern 1790# direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbatar and Khvod are 1791# in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and 1792# Ulaanbatar are in the same time zone (correction needed). 1793 1794# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1795# Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00. 1796# XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition 1797# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report); 1798# this is almost surely wrong. 1799 1800# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1801Rule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1802Rule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1803# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, 1804# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM 1805# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998. 1806# 1807# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches 1808# in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and Sukhbaatar) took place 1809# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of 1810# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their 1811# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly 1812# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now. 1813 1814Rule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1815Rule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1816# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST. 1817Rule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1818Rule Mongol 2001 2006 - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 - 1819Rule Mongol 2002 2006 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1820 1821# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1822# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta 1823Zone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug 1824 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time 1825 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT 1826# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga 1827Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug 1828 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time 1829 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT 1830# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, 1831# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan 1832Zone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug 1833 7:00 - ULAT 1978 1834 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr 1835 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 2008 Mar 31 # Choibalsan Time 1836 8:00 Mongol CHO%sT 1837 1838# Nepal 1839# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1840Zone Asia/Kathmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 1841 5:30 - IST 1986 1842 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time 1843 1844# Oman 1845 1846# Milne says 3:54:24 was the meridian of the Muscat Tidal Observatory. 1847 1848# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1849Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:24 - LMT 1920 1850 4:00 - GST 1851 1852# Pakistan 1853 1854# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13): 1855# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a 1856# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002 1857# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was 1858# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the 1859# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on. 1860 1861# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15): 1862# Jesper Norgaard found this URL: 1863# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm 1864# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to 1865# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first 1866# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on 1867# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00, 1868# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like 1869# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday 1870# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the 1871# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02. 1872 1873# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): 1874# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05 1875# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now. 1876 1877# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14): 1878# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm 1879# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year: 1880# 1881# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh 1882# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous 1883# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by 1884# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy. 1885# 1886# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather 1887# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity. 1888 1889# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15): 1890# 1891# Here is an article that Pakistan plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time 1892# on June 1, 2008 for 3 months. 1893# 1894# "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to help 1895# reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at 9pm and 1896# moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months. 1897# ...." 1898# 1899# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html"> 1900# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html 1901# </a> 1902# OR 1903# <a href="http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4"> 1904# http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4 1905# </a> 1906 1907# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1908# XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess. 1909 1910# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 1911# Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced 1912# for another 2 months--plan to return to Standard Time on October 31 1913# instead of August 31. 1914# 1915# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html"> 1916# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html 1917# </a> 1918# OR 1919# <a href="http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html"> 1920# http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html 1921# </a> 1922 1923# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-04-08): 1924# Based on previous media reports that "... proposed plan to 1925# advance clocks by one hour from May 1 will cause disturbance 1926# to the working schedules rather than bringing discipline in 1927# official working." 1928# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280"> 1929# http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280 1930# </a> 1931# 1932# recent news that instead of May 2009 - Pakistan plan to 1933# introduce DST from April 15, 2009 1934# 1935# FYI: Associated Press Of Pakistan 1936# April 08, 2009 1937# Cabinet okays proposal to advance clocks by one hour from April 15 1938# <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1"> 1939# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1 1940# </a> 1941# 1942# or 1943# 1944# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html"> 1945# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html 1946# </a> 1947# 1948# .... 1949# The Federal Cabinet on Wednesday approved the proposal to 1950# advance clocks in the country by one hour from April 15 to 1951# conserve energy" 1952 1953# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-17): 1954# "The News International," Pakistan reports that: "The Federal 1955# Government has decided to restore the previous time by moving the 1956# clocks backward by one hour from October 1. A formal announcement to 1957# this effect will be made after the Prime Minister grants approval in 1958# this regard." 1959# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/updates.asp?id=87168"> 1960# http://www.thenews.com.pk/updates.asp?id=87168 1961# </a> 1962 1963# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-28): 1964# According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that 1965# Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from October 1966# 1, 2009. 1967# 1968# "Clocks to go back one hour from 1 Oct" 1969# <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86715&Itemid=2"> 1970# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86715&Itemid=2 1971# </a> 1972# or 1973# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan07.htm"> 1974# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan07.htm 1975# </a> 1976 1977# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-29): 1978# Alexander Krivenyshev wrote: 1979# > According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that 1980# > Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from October 1981# > 1, 2009. 1982# 1983# Now they seem to have changed their mind, November 1 is the new date: 1984# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=24742"> 1985# http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=24742 1986# </a> 1987# "The country's clocks will be reversed by one hour on November 1. 1988# Officials of Federal Ministry for Interior told this to Geo News on 1989# Monday." 1990# 1991# And more importantly, it seems that these dates will be kept every year: 1992# "It has now been decided that clocks will be wound forward by one hour 1993# on April 15 and reversed by an hour on November 1 every year without 1994# obtaining prior approval, the officials added." 1995# 1996# We have confirmed this year's end date with both with the Ministry of 1997# Water and Power and the Pakistan Electric Power Company: 1998# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html"> 1999# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html 2000# </a> 2001 2002# From Christoph Goehre (2009-10-01): 2003# [T]he German Consulate General in Karachi reported me today that Pakistan 2004# will go back to standard time on 1st of November. 2005 2006# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-26): 2007# Steffen Thorsen wrote: 2008# > On Thursday (2010-03-25) it was announced that DST would start in 2009# > Pakistan on 2010-04-01. 2010# > 2011# > Then today, the president said that they might have to revert the 2012# > decision if it is not supported by the parliament. So at the time 2013# > being, it seems unclear if DST will be actually observed or not - but 2014# > April 1 could be a more likely date than April 15. 2015# Now, it seems that the decision to not observe DST in final: 2016# 2017# "Govt Withdraws Plan To Advance Clocks" 2018# <a href="http://www.apakistannews.com/govt-withdraws-plan-to-advance-clocks-172041"> 2019# http://www.apakistannews.com/govt-withdraws-plan-to-advance-clocks-172041 2020# </a> 2021# 2022# "People laud PM's announcement to end DST" 2023# <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99374&Itemid=2"> 2024# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99374&Itemid=2 2025# </a> 2026 2027# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2028Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S 2029Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 - 2030Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 2031Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 2032Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 2033Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 2034 2035# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2036Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 2037 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 2038 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 2039 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30 2040 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time 2041 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time 2042 2043# Palestine 2044 2045# From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15): 2046# 2047# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now 2048# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule. 2049# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too... 2050# 2051# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05 2052# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no 2053# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt, 2054# though. 2055# 2056# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally 2057# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from 2058# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the 2059# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major 2060# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and 2061# East Jerusalem. 2062# 2063# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except 2064# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might 2065# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware 2066# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer 2067# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected). 2068# 2069# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most 2070# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to 2071# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to 2072# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't 2073# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the 2074# Jordanian one). 2075# 2076# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: 2077# 2078# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- 2079# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- 2080# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion 2081# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan 2082# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan 2083# 2084# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they 2085# have one). 2086 2087# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 2088# Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go 2089# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, 2090# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. 2091# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since 2092# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about 2093# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 2094# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries 2095# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules 2096# to Palestine's rules. 2097 2098# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, 2099# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: 2100# 2101# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time 2102# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks 2103# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, 2104# the PA has decided to implement DST in April. 2105 2106# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 2107# Daoud Kuttab writes in 2108# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html"> 2109# Holiday havoc 2110# </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that 2111# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. 2112# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). 2113# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, 2114# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. 2115 2116# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 2117# Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 2118 2119# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 2120# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of 2121# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think 2122# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks 2123# earlier--the same goes for Jordan. 2124 2125# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17): 2126# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the 2127# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I 2128# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not 2129# able to find any authoritative sources at the time, nor details if 2130# Gaza changed as well, but presumed Gaza to follow the same rules as 2131# the West Bank. 2132 2133# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-26): 2134# according to the Palestine News Network (2006-09-19): 2135# http://english.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=596&Itemid=5 2136# > The Council of Ministers announced that this year its winter schedule 2137# > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn 2138# > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week. 2139# I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well, 2140# because of the Ramadan. 2141 2142# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-09-18): 2143# According to Steffen Thorsen's web site the Gaza Strip and the rest of the 2144# Palestinian territories left DST early on 13.th. of September at 2:00. 2145 2146# From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20): 2147# My understanding is that Gaza and the West Bank disagree even over when 2148# the weekend is (Thursday+Friday versus Friday+Saturday), so I'd be a bit 2149# surprised if they agreed about DST. But for now, assume they agree. 2150# For lack of better information, predict that future changes will be 2151# the 2nd Thursday of September at 02:00. 2152 2153# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 2154# Here is an article, that Mideast running on different clocks at Ramadan. 2155# 2156# Gaza Strip (as Egypt) ended DST at midnight Thursday (Aug 28, 2008), while 2157# the West Bank will end Daylight Saving Time at midnight Sunday (Aug 31, 2008). 2158# 2159# <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001"> 2160# http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001 2161# </a> 2162# <a href="http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087"> 2163# http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087 2164# </a> 2165# or 2166# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html"> 2167# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html 2168# </a> 2169 2170# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-26): 2171# According to the Palestine News Network (arabic.pnn.ps), Palestinian 2172# government decided to start Daylight Time on Thursday night March 2173# 26 and continue until the night of 27 September 2009. 2174# 2175# (in Arabic) 2176# <a href="http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850"> 2177# http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850 2178# </a> 2179# 2180# or 2181# (English translation) 2182# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html"> 2183# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html 2184# </a> 2185 2186# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-31): 2187# Palestine's Council of Ministers announced that they will revert back to 2188# winter time on Friday, 2009-09-04. 2189# 2190# One news source: 2191# <a href="http://www.safa.ps/ara/?action=showdetail&seid=4158"> 2192# http://www.safa.ps/ara/?action=showdetail&seid=4158 2193# </a> 2194# (Palestinian press agency, Arabic), 2195# Google translate: "Decided that the Palestinian government in Ramallah 2196# headed by Salam Fayyad, the start of work in time for the winter of 2197# 2009, starting on Friday approved the fourth delay Sept. clock sixty 2198# minutes per hour as of Friday morning." 2199# 2200# We are not sure if Gaza will do the same, last year they had a different 2201# end date, we will keep this page updated: 2202# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html"> 2203# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html 2204# </a> 2205 2206# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-02): 2207# Seems that Gaza Strip will go back to Winter Time same date as West Bank. 2208# 2209# According to Palestinian Ministry Of Interior, West Bank and Gaza Strip plan 2210# to change time back to Standard time on September 4, 2009. 2211# 2212# "Winter time unite the West Bank and Gaza" 2213# (from Palestinian National Authority): 2214# <a href="http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/?page=633167343250594025&nid=11505 2215# http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/?page=633167343250594025&nid=11505 2216# </a> 2217# or 2218# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip02.html> 2219# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip02.html 2220# </a> 2221 2222# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-19): 2223# According to Voice of Palestine DST will last for 191 days, from March 2224# 26, 2010 till "the last Sunday before the tenth day of Tishri 2225# (October), each year" (October 03, 2010?) 2226# 2227# <a href="http://palvoice.org/forums/showthread.php?t=245697"> 2228# http://palvoice.org/forums/showthread.php?t=245697 2229# </a> 2230# (in Arabic) 2231# or 2232# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank03.html"> 2233# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank03.html 2234# </a> 2235 2236# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-24): 2237# ...Ma'an News Agency reports that Hamas cabinet has decided it will 2238# start one day later, at 12:01am. Not sure if they really mean 12:01am or 2239# noon though: 2240# 2241# <a href="http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=271178"> 2242# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=271178 2243# </a> 2244# (Ma'an News Agency) 2245# "At 12:01am Friday, clocks in Israel and the West Bank will change to 2246# 1:01am, while Gaza clocks will change at 12:01am Saturday morning." 2247 2248# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-08-11): 2249# According to several sources, including 2250# <a href="http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=306795"> 2251# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=306795 2252# </a> 2253# the clocks were set back one hour at 2010-08-11 00:00:00 local time in 2254# Gaza and the West Bank. 2255# Some more background info: 2256# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-end-dst-2010.html"> 2257# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-end-dst-2010.html 2258# </a> 2259 2260# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-08-26): 2261# Gaza and the West Bank did go back to standard time in the beginning of 2262# August, and will now enter daylight saving time again on 2011-08-30 2263# 00:00 (so two periods of DST in 2011). The pause was because of 2264# Ramadan. 2265# 2266# <a href="http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=416217"> 2267# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=416217 2268# </a> 2269# Additional info: 2270# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/palestine-dst-2011.html"> 2271# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/palestine-dst-2011.html 2272# </a> 2273 2274# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-08-27): 2275# According to the article in The Jerusalem Post: 2276# "...Earlier this month, the Palestinian government in the West Bank decided to 2277# move to standard time for 30 days, during Ramadan. The Palestinians in the 2278# Gaza Strip accepted the change and also moved their clocks one hour back. 2279# The Hamas government said on Saturday that it won't observe summertime after 2280# the Muslim feast of Id al-Fitr, which begins on Tuesday..." 2281# ... 2282# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=235650"> 2283# http://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=235650 2284# </a> 2285# or 2286# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip05.html"> 2287# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip05.html 2288# </a> 2289# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file. 2290 2291# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-09-30): 2292# West Bank did end Daylight Saving Time this morning/midnight (2011-09-30 2293# 00:00). 2294# So West Bank and Gaza now have the same time again. 2295# 2296# Many sources, including: 2297# <a href="http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=424808"> 2298# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=424808 2299# </a> 2300 2301# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26): 2302# Palestinian news sources tell that both Gaza and West Bank will start DST 2303# on Friday (Thursday midnight, 2012-03-29 24:00). 2304# Some of many sources in Arabic: 2305# <a href="http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=122638"> 2306# http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=122638 2307# </a> 2308# 2309# <a href="http://safa.ps/details/news/74352/%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9.html"> 2310# http://safa.ps/details/news/74352/%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9.html 2311# </a> 2312# 2313# Our brief summary: 2314# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html"> 2315# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html 2316# </a> 2317 2318# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-26): 2319# The following news sources tells that Palestine will "start daylight saving 2320# time from midnight on Friday, March 29, 2013" (translated). 2321# [These are in Arabic and are for Gaza and for Ramallah, respectively.] 2322# http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=154120 2323# http://safa.ps/details/news/99844/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-29-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A.html 2324 2325# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-24): 2326# The Gaza and West Bank are ending DST Thursday at midnight 2327# (2013-09-27 00:00:00) (one hour earlier than last year...). 2328# This source in English, says "that winter time will go into effect 2329# at midnight on Thursday in the West Bank and Gaza Strip": 2330# http://english.wafa.ps/index.php?action=detail&id=23246 2331# official source...: 2332# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/ar/Views/ViewDetails.aspx?pid=1252 2333 2334# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-24): 2335# For future dates, guess the last Thursday in March at 24:00 through 2336# the first Friday on or after September 21 at 00:00. This is consistent with 2337# the predictions in today's editions of the following URLs, 2338# which are for Gaza and Hebron respectively: 2339# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=702 2340# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=2364 2341 2342# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2343Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 2344Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2345Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 2346Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 2347Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 2348Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 2349 2350Rule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S 2351Rule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 2352Rule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - 2353Rule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 2354Rule Palestine 2006 2007 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2355Rule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 2356Rule Palestine 2007 only - Sep Thu>=8 2:00 0 - 2357Rule Palestine 2008 2009 - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2358Rule Palestine 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 2359Rule Palestine 2009 only - Sep Fri>=1 1:00 0 - 2360Rule Palestine 2010 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 2361Rule Palestine 2010 only - Aug 11 0:00 0 - 2362Rule Palestine 2011 only - Apr 1 0:01 1:00 S 2363Rule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 2364Rule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 30 0:00 1:00 S 2365Rule Palestine 2011 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 2366Rule Palestine 2012 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 2367Rule Palestine 2012 only - Sep 21 1:00 0 - 2368Rule Palestine 2013 max - Sep Fri>=21 0:00 0 - 2369 2370# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2371Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 2372 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 2373 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 2374 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 2375 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 2376 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2008 Aug 29 0:00 2377 2:00 - EET 2008 Sep 2378 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2010 2379 2:00 - EET 2010 Mar 27 0:01 2380 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2011 Aug 1 2381 2:00 - EET 2012 2382 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2383 2384Zone Asia/Hebron 2:20:23 - LMT 1900 Oct 2385 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 2386 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 2387 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 2388 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 2389 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2390 2391# Paracel Is 2392# no information 2393 2394# Philippines 2395# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the 2396# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to 2397# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a 2398# transcript of the decree in <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm>. 2399# The rest of the data are from Shanks & Pottenger. 2400 2401# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 2402# Tomorrow's Manila Standard reports that the Philippines Department of 2403# Trade and Industry is considering adopting DST this June when the 2404# rainy season begins. See 2405# <http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=politics02_april26_2006>. 2406# For now, we'll ignore this, since it's not definite and we lack details. 2407# 2408# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-26): 2409# ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990: 2410# http://story.philippinetimes.com/p.x/ct/9/id/145be20cc6b121c0/cid/3e5bbccc730d258c/ 2411# [a story dated 2006-04-25 by Cris Larano of Dow Jones Newswires, 2412# but no details] 2413 2414# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2415Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S 2416Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 - 2417Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S 2418Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 - 2419Rule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S 2420Rule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - 2421# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2422Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 2423 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11 2424 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May 2425 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov 2426 8:00 Phil PH%sT 2427 2428# Qatar 2429# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2430Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha 2431 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 2432 3:00 - AST 2433 2434# Saudi Arabia 2435# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2436Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950 2437 3:00 - AST 2438 2439# Singapore 2440# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 2441# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 2442# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2443Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 2444 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 2445 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 2446 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 2447 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 2448 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 2449 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 2450 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence 2451 7:30 - SGT 1982 Jan 1 # Singapore Time 2452 8:00 - SGT 2453 2454# Spratly Is 2455# no information 2456 2457# Sri Lanka 2458 2459# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): 2460# Milne says "Madras mean time use from May 1, 1898. Prior to this Colombo 2461# mean time, 5h. 4m. 21.9s. F., was used." But 5:04:21.9 differs considerably 2462# from Colombo's meridian 5:19:24, so for now ignore Milne and stick with 2463# Shanks and Pottenger. 2464 2465# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 2466# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" 2467# (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24, 2468# no longer available as of 1999-08-17) 2469# reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at 2470# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.'' 2471# 2472# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted 2473# by Shamindra in 2474# <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net"> 2475# Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26) 2476# </a>: 2477# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996 2478# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT. 2479 2480# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online 2481# <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13): 2482# 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes) 2483# at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006). 2484 2485# From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in: 2486# <http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML> 2487# [The Tamil Tigers] never accepted the original 1996 time change and simply 2488# kept their clocks set five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean 2489# Time (GMT), in line with neighbor India. 2490# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18): 2491# People who live in regions under Tamil control can use [TZ='Asia/Kolkata'], 2492# as that zone has agreed with the Tamil areas since our cutoff date of 1970. 2493 2494# From K Sethu (2006-04-25): 2495# I think the abbreviation LKT originated from the world of computers at 2496# the time of or subsequent to the time zone changes by SL Government 2497# twice in 1996 and probably SL Government or its standardization 2498# agencies never declared an abbreviation as a national standard. 2499# 2500# I recollect before the recent change the government annoucemments 2501# mentioning it as simply changing Sri Lanka Standard Time or Sri Lanka 2502# Time and no mention was made about the abbreviation. 2503# 2504# If we look at Sri Lanka Department of Government's "Official News 2505# Website of Sri Lanka" ... http://www.news.lk/ we can see that they 2506# use SLT as abbreviation in time stamp at the beginning of each news 2507# item.... 2508# 2509# Within Sri Lanka I think LKT is well known among computer users and 2510# adminsitrators. In my opinion SLT may not be a good choice because the 2511# nation's largest telcom / internet operator Sri Lanka Telcom is well 2512# known by that abbreviation - simply as SLT (there IP domains are 2513# slt.lk and sltnet.lk). 2514# 2515# But if indeed our government has adopted SLT as standard abbreviation 2516# (that we have not known so far) then it is better that it be used for 2517# all computers. 2518 2519# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 2520# One possibility is that we wait for a bit for the dust to settle down 2521# and then see what people actually say in practice. 2522 2523# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2524Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880 2525 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time 2526 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5 2527 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep 2528 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00 2529 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00 2530 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30 2531 6:00 - LKT 2006 Apr 15 0:30 2532 5:30 - IST 2533 2534# Syria 2535# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2536Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S 2537Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 2538Rule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S 2539Rule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2540Rule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 2541Rule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 2542Rule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2543Rule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 2544Rule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S 2545Rule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2546Rule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 2547Rule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 - 2548Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S 2549Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2550Rule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S 2551Rule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 - 2552Rule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S 2553Rule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 2554Rule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S 2555Rule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S 2556Rule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2557Rule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S 2558Rule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 2559Rule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2560Rule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2561Rule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S 2562Rule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 2563Rule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 2564# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02; 2565# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02, 2566# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31; 2567# (2006) says 2006-03-31 and 2006-09-22; 2568# for now ignore all these claims and go with Shanks & Pottenger, 2569# except for the 2006-09-22 claim (which seems right for Ramadan). 2570Rule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2571Rule Syria 1994 2005 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2572Rule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S 2573Rule Syria 1999 2006 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2574# From Stephen Colebourne (2006-09-18): 2575# According to IATA data, Syria will change DST on 21st September [21:00 UTC] 2576# this year [only].... This is probably related to Ramadan, like Egypt. 2577Rule Syria 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 2578# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 2579# Today the AP reported "Syria will switch to summertime at midnight Thursday." 2580# http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/29/africa/ME-GEN-Syria-Time-Change.php 2581Rule Syria 2007 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2582# From Jesper Norgard (2007-10-27): 2583# The sister center ICARDA of my work CIMMYT is confirming that Syria DST will 2584# not take place 1st November at 0:00 o'clock but 1st November at 24:00 or 2585# rather Midnight between Thursday and Friday. This does make more sense than 2586# having it between Wednesday and Thursday (two workdays in Syria) since the 2587# weekend in Syria is not Saturday and Sunday, but Friday and Saturday. So now 2588# it is implemented at midnight of the last workday before weekend... 2589# 2590# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-27): 2591# Jesper Norgaard Welen wrote: 2592# 2593# > "Winter local time in Syria will be observed at midnight of Thursday 1 2594# > November 2007, and the clock will be put back 1 hour." 2595# 2596# I found confirmation on this in this gov.sy-article (Arabic): 2597# http://wehda.alwehda.gov.sy/_print_veiw.asp?FileName=12521710520070926111247 2598# 2599# which using Google's translate tools says: 2600# Council of Ministers also approved the commencement of work on 2601# identifying the winter time as of Friday, 2/11/2007 where the 60th 2602# minute delay at midnight Thursday 1/11/2007. 2603Rule Syria 2007 only - Nov Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 2604 2605# From Stephen Colebourne (2008-03-17): 2606# For everyone's info, I saw an IATA time zone change for [Syria] for 2607# this month (March 2008) in the last day or so...This is the data IATA 2608# are now using: 2609# Country Time Standard --- DST Start --- --- DST End --- DST 2610# Name Zone Variation Time Date Time Date 2611# Variation 2612# Syrian Arab 2613# Republic SY +0200 2200 03APR08 2100 30SEP08 +0300 2614# 2200 02APR09 2100 30SEP09 +0300 2615# 2200 01APR10 2100 30SEP10 +0300 2616 2617# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-17): 2618# Here's a link to English-language coverage by the Syrian Arab News 2619# Agency (SANA)... 2620# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm"> 2621# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm 2622# </a>...which reads (in part) "The Cabinet approved the suggestion of the 2623# Ministry of Electricity to begin daylight savings time on Friday April 2624# 4th, advancing clocks one hour ahead on midnight of Thursday April 3rd." 2625# Since Syria is two hours east of UTC, the 2200 and 2100 transition times 2626# shown above match up with midnight in Syria. 2627 2628# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 2629# My buest guess at a Syrian rule is "the Friday nearest April 1"; 2630# coding that involves either using a "Mar Fri>=29" construct that old time zone 2631# compilers can't handle or having multiple Rules (a la Israel). 2632# For now, use "Apr Fri>=1", and go with IATA on a uniform Sep 30 end. 2633 2634# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-10-07): 2635# Syria has now officially decided to end DST on 2008-11-01 this year, 2636# according to the following article in the Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA). 2637# 2638# The article is in Arabic, and seems to tell that they will go back to 2639# winter time on 2008-11-01 at 00:00 local daylight time (delaying/setting 2640# clocks back 60 minutes). 2641# 2642# <a href="http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm"> 2643# http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm 2644# </a> 2645 2646# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-19): 2647# Syria will start DST on 2009-03-27 00:00 this year according to many sources, 2648# two examples: 2649# 2650# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm"> 2651# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm 2652# </a> 2653# (English, Syrian Arab News # Agency) 2654# <a href="http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209"> 2655# http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209 2656# </a> 2657# (Arabic, gov-site) 2658# 2659# We have not found any sources saying anything about when DST ends this year. 2660# 2661# Our summary 2662# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html"> 2663# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html 2664# </a> 2665 2666# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-27): 2667# The Syrian Arab News Network on 2009-09-29 reported that Syria will 2668# revert back to winter (standard) time on midnight between Thursday 2669# 2009-10-29 and Friday 2009-10-30: 2670# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2009/09/29/247012.htm"> 2671# http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2009/09/29/247012.htm (Arabic) 2672# </a> 2673 2674# From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28): 2675# We'll see if future DST switching times turn out to be end of the last 2676# Thursday of the month or the start of the last Friday of the month or 2677# something else. For now, use the start of the last Friday. 2678 2679# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-17): 2680# The "Syrian News Station" reported on 2010-03-16 that the Council of 2681# Ministers has decided that Syria will start DST on midnight Thursday 2682# 2010-04-01: (midnight between Thursday and Friday): 2683# <a href="http://sns.sy/sns/?path=news/read/11421"> 2684# http://sns.sy/sns/?path=news/read/11421 (Arabic) 2685# </a> 2686 2687# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26): 2688# Today, Syria's government announced that they will start DST early on Friday 2689# (00:00). This is a bit earlier than the past two years. 2690# 2691# From Syrian Arab News Agency, in Arabic: 2692# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2012/03/26/408215.htm"> 2693# http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2012/03/26/408215.htm 2694# </a> 2695# 2696# Our brief summary: 2697# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-2012.html"> 2698# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-2012.html 2699# </a> 2700 2701# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-27): 2702# Assume last Friday in March going forward XXX. 2703 2704Rule Syria 2008 only - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 2705Rule Syria 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 2706Rule Syria 2009 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2707Rule Syria 2010 2011 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 2708Rule Syria 2012 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2709Rule Syria 2009 max - Oct lastFri 0:00 0 - 2710 2711# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2712Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq 2713 2:00 Syria EE%sT 2714 2715# Tajikistan 2716# From Shanks & Pottenger. 2717# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2718Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2719 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time 2720 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2721 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s 2722 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time 2723 2724# Thailand 2725# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2726Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880 2727 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time 2728 7:00 - ICT 2729 2730# Turkmenistan 2731# From Shanks & Pottenger. 2732# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2733Zone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad 2734 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time 2735 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 2736 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence 2737 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 2738 5:00 - TMT 2739 2740# United Arab Emirates 2741# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2742Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920 2743 4:00 - GST 2744 2745# Uzbekistan 2746# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2747Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2748 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time 2749 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1 2750 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1 2751 6:00 - TAST 1982 Apr 1 # Tashkent Time 2752 5:00 RussiaAsia SAM%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 2753 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 2754 5:00 - UZT 2755Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2756 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time 2757 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 2758 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 2759 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 2760 5:00 - UZT 2761 2762# Vietnam 2763 2764# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): 2765# Milne gives 7:16:56 for the meridian of Saigon in 1899, as being 2766# used in Lower Laos, Cambodia, and Annam. But this is quite a ways 2767# from Saigon's location. For now, ignore this and stick with Shanks 2768# and Pottenger. 2769 2770# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 2771# The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Min City"; 2772# we use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters. 2773 2774# From Shanks & Pottenger: 2775# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2776Zone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 2777 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 2778 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 2779 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 2780 7:00 - ICT 2781 2782# Yemen 2783 2784# Milne says 2:59:54 was the meridian of the saluting battery at Aden, 2785# and that Yemen was at 1:55:56, the meridian of the Hagia Sophia. 2786 2787# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2788Zone Asia/Aden 2:59:54 - LMT 1950 2789 3:00 - AST 2790