africa revision 8845:4be14673b9bf
1# 2# DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER. 3# 4# This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it 5# under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as 6# published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this 7# particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided 8# by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code. 9# 10# This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT 11# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or 12# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License 13# version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that 14# accompanied this code). 15# 16# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version 17# 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, 18# Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. 19# 20# Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA 21# or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any 22# questions. 23# 24# <pre> 25# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 26# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 27 28# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 29# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 30# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). 31 32# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): 33# 34# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 35# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 36# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 37# 38# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 39# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 40# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 41# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 42# of the IATA's data after 1990. 43# 44# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 45# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 46# 47# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 48# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 49# I found in the UCLA library. 50# 51# For data circa 1899, a common source is: 52# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94 53# <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>. 54# 55# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 56# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 57# 58# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT 59# for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively, 60# but Mark R V Murray reports that 61# `SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa, 62# `CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and 63# `WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for 64# the area that includes Nigeria is ``West Africa''. 65# He has heard of ``Western Sahara Time'' for +0:00 but can find no reference. 66# 67# To make things confusing, `WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago; 68# I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00, 69# and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00. 70# This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African 71# mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara. 72# 73# To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency: 74# -1:00 WAT West Africa Time (no longer used) 75# 0:00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time 76# 2:00 CAT Central Africa Time 77# 2:00 SAST South Africa Standard Time 78# and Murray suggests the following abbreviation: 79# 1:00 WAT West Africa Time 80# I realize that this leads to `WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00 81# for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of 82# until we get more information. 83# 84# I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome! 85# 2:00 WAST West Africa Summer Time 86# 2:30 BEAT British East Africa Time (no longer used) 87# 2:45 BEAUT British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used) 88# 3:00 CAST Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 89# 3:00 SAST South Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 90# 3:00 EAT East Africa Time 91# 4:00 EAST East Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 92 93# Algeria 94# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 95Rule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S 96Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - 97Rule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S 98Rule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S 99Rule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S 100Rule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S 101Rule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - 102Rule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S 103Rule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 - 104Rule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S 105Rule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 - 106Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 107Rule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - 108Rule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 - 109Rule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S 110Rule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 - 111Rule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S 112Rule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 - 113Rule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S 114Rule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 - 115Rule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S 116Rule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 117# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's 118# more precise 0:09:21. 119# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 120Zone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 121 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 122 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00 123 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7 124 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29 125 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14 126 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21 127 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26 128 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May 129 1:00 - CET 130 131# Angola 132# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 133Zone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892 134 0:52:04 - AOT 1911 May 26 # Angola Time 135 1:00 - WAT 136 137# Benin 138# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934; 139# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 140# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 141Zone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912 142 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 143 1:00 - WAT 144 145# Botswana 146# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): 147# Milne says they were regulated by the Cape Town Signal in 1899; 148# assume they switched to 2:00 when Cape Town did. 149# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 150Zone Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 - LMT 1885 151 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar 152 2:00 - CAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00 153 2:00 1:00 CAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 154 2:00 - CAT 155 156# Burkina Faso 157# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 158Zone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 - LMT 1912 159 0:00 - GMT 160 161# Burundi 162# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 163Zone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890 164 2:00 - CAT 165 166# Cameroon 167# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 168# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 169Zone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912 170 1:00 - WAT 171 172# Cape Verde 173# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 174Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia 175 -2:00 - CVT 1942 Sep 176 -2:00 1:00 CVST 1945 Oct 15 177 -2:00 - CVT 1975 Nov 25 2:00 178 -1:00 - CVT 179 180# Central African Republic 181# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 182Zone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912 183 1:00 - WAT 184 185# Chad 186# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 187Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 188 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14 189 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8 190 1:00 - WAT 191 192# Comoros 193# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 194Zone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro 195 3:00 - EAT 196 197# Democratic Republic of Congo 198# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 199Zone Africa/Kinshasa 1:01:12 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 200 1:00 - WAT 201Zone Africa/Lubumbashi 1:49:52 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 202 2:00 - CAT 203 204# Republic of the Congo 205# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 206Zone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912 207 1:00 - WAT 208 209# Cote D'Ivoire 210# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 211Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912 212 0:00 - GMT 213 214# Djibouti 215# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 216Zone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 217 3:00 - EAT 218 219############################################################################### 220 221# Egypt 222 223# Milne says Cairo used 2:05:08.9, the local mean time of the Abbasizeh 224# observatory; round to nearest. Milne also says that the official time for 225# Egypt was mean noon at the Great Pyramid, 2:04:30.5, but apparently this 226# did not apply to Cairo, Alexandria, or Port Said. 227 228# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 229Rule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S 230Rule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 231Rule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 232Rule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 233Rule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 234Rule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 - 235Rule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 236Rule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S 237Rule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 238Rule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 239Rule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 240Rule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 241Rule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 242Rule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 243Rule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S 244Rule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S 245Rule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 246Rule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S 247Rule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 248# IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00. 249# Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29. 250 251# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-04-20): 252# "...Egypt's interim cabinet decided on Wednesday to cancel daylight 253# saving time after a poll posted on its website showed the majority of 254# Egyptians would approve the cancellation." 255# 256# Egypt to cancel daylight saving time 257# <a href="http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168"> 258# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168 259# </a> 260# or 261# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html"> 262# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html 263# </a> 264Rule Egypt 1995 2010 - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S 265Rule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 - 266# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19): 267# The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports: 268# Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday 269# after observing the daylight saving time since May. 270# http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf 271Rule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 23:00s 0 - 272# From Dirk Losch (2007-08-14): 273# I received a mail from an airline which says that the daylight 274# saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07. 275# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:] 276# http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm 277# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53 278# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-04): The official information...: 279# http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001580.htm 280Rule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 23:00s 0 - 281# From Abdelrahman Hassan (2007-09-06): 282# Due to the Hijri (lunar Islamic calendar) year being 11 days shorter 283# than the year of the Gregorian calendar, Ramadan shifts earlier each 284# year. This year it will be observed September 13 (September is quite 285# hot in Egypt), and the idea is to make fasting easier for workers by 286# shifting business hours one hour out of daytime heat. Consequently, 287# unless discontinued, next DST may end Thursday 28 August 2008. 288# From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17): 289# For lack of better info, assume the new rule is last Thursday in August. 290 291# From Petr Machata (2009-04-06): 292# The following appeared in Red Hat bugzilla[1] (edited): 293# 294# > $ zdump -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo | grep 2009 295# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 21:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 296# Apr 23 297# > 23:59:59 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 298# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 22:00:00 2009 UTC = Fri = 299# Apr 24 300# > 01:00:00 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 301# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 20:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 302# Aug 27 303# > 23:59:59 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 304# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 21:00:00 2009 UTC = Thu = 305# Aug 27 306# > 23:00:00 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 307# 308# > end date should be Thu Sep 24 2009 (Last Thursday in September at 23:59= 309# :59) 310# > http://support.microsoft.com/kb/958729/ 311# 312# timeanddate[2] and another site I've found[3] also support that. 313# 314# [1] <a href="https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263"> 315# https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263 316# </a> 317# [2] <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53"> 318# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53 319# </a> 320# [3] <a href="http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/"> 321# http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/ 322# </a> 323 324# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-20): 325# In 2009 (and for the next several years), Ramadan ends before the fourth 326# Thursday in September; Egypt is expected to revert to the last Thursday 327# in September. 328 329# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-11): 330# We have been able to confirm the August change with the Egyptian Cabinet 331# Information and Decision Support Center: 332# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html"> 333# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html 334# </a> 335# 336# The Middle East News Agency 337# <a href="http://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx"> 338# http://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx 339# </a> 340# also reports "Egypt starts winter time on August 21" 341# today in article numbered "71, 11/08/2009 12:25 GMT." 342# Only the title above is available without a subscription to their service, 343# and can be found by searching for "winter" in their search engine 344# (at least today). 345 346# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-07-20): 347# According to News from Egypt - Al-Masry Al-Youm Egypt's cabinet has 348# decided that Daylight Saving Time will not be used in Egypt during 349# Ramadan. 350# 351# Arabic translation: 352# "Clocks to go back during Ramadan--and then forward again" 353# <a href="http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again"> 354# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again 355# </a> 356# or 357# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html"> 358# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html 359# </a> 360 361Rule Egypt 2008 only - Aug lastThu 23:00s 0 - 362Rule Egypt 2009 only - Aug 20 23:00s 0 - 363Rule Egypt 2010 only - Aug 11 0:00 0 - 364Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep 10 0:00 1:00 S 365Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 - 366 367# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 368Zone Africa/Cairo 2:05:09 - LMT 1900 Oct 369 2:00 Egypt EE%sT 370 371# Equatorial Guinea 372# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 373Zone Africa/Malabo 0:35:08 - LMT 1912 374 0:00 - GMT 1963 Dec 15 375 1:00 - WAT 376 377# Eritrea 378# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 379Zone Africa/Asmara 2:35:32 - LMT 1870 380 2:35:32 - AMT 1890 # Asmara Mean Time 381 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 382 3:00 - EAT 383 384# Ethiopia 385# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 386# Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones 387# between 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890. 388# We'll guess that 38E50 is for Adis Dera. 389# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 390Zone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870 391 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 392 3:00 - EAT 393 394# Gabon 395# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 396Zone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912 397 1:00 - WAT 398 399# Gambia 400# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 401Zone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912 402 -1:06:36 - BMT 1935 # Banjul Mean Time 403 -1:00 - WAT 1964 404 0:00 - GMT 405 406# Ghana 407# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 408# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present''; 409# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 410Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST 411Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT 412# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 413Zone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918 414 0:00 Ghana %s 415 416# Guinea 417# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 418Zone Africa/Conakry -0:54:52 - LMT 1912 419 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 420 -1:00 - WAT 1960 421 0:00 - GMT 422 423# Guinea-Bissau 424# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 425Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1911 May 26 426 -1:00 - WAT 1975 427 0:00 - GMT 428 429# Kenya 430# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 431Zone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul 432 3:00 - EAT 1930 433 2:30 - BEAT 1940 434 2:45 - BEAUT 1960 435 3:00 - EAT 436 437# Lesotho 438# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 439Zone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 440 2:00 - SAST 1943 Sep 19 2:00 441 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 442 2:00 - SAST 443 444# Liberia 445# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 446# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch 447# from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes. 448# Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday. 449# Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan; 450# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 451# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and 452# Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure. 453# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 454Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882 455 -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time 456 -0:44:30 - LRT 1972 May # Liberia Time 457 0:00 - GMT 458 459############################################################################### 460 461# Libya 462 463# From Even Scharning (2012-11-10): 464# Libya set their time one hour back at 02:00 on Saturday November 10. 465# http://www.libyaherald.com/2012/11/04/clocks-to-go-back-an-hour-on-saturday/ 466# Here is an official source [in Arabic]: http://ls.ly/fb6Yc 467# 468# Steffen Thorsen forwarded a translation (2012-11-10) in 469# http://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2012-November/018451.html 470# 471# From Tim Parenti (2012-11-11): 472# Treat the 2012-11-10 change as a zone change from UTC+2 to UTC+1. 473# The DST rules planned for 2013 and onward roughly mirror those of Europe 474# (either two days before them or five days after them, so as to fall on 475# lastFri instead of lastSun). 476 477# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 478Rule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S 479Rule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 480Rule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S 481Rule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 482Rule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S 483Rule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 484Rule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 485Rule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 486Rule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S 487Rule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 488Rule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 489Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 490Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 491Rule Libya 1997 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 492Rule Libya 1997 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 493Rule Libya 2013 max - Mar lastFri 1:00 1:00 S 494Rule Libya 2013 max - Oct lastFri 2:00 0 - 495# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 496Zone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920 497 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959 498 2:00 - EET 1982 499 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4 500# The 1996 and 1997 entries are from Shanks & Pottenger; 501# the IATA SSIM data contain some obvious errors. 502 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30 503 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1997 Oct 4 504 2:00 - EET 2012 Nov 10 2:00 505 1:00 Libya CE%sT 506 507# Madagascar 508# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 509Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul 510 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s 511 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s 512 3:00 - EAT 513 514# Malawi 515# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 516Zone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 517 2:00 - CAT 518 519# Mali 520# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 521Zone Africa/Bamako -0:32:00 - LMT 1912 522 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 523 -1:00 - WAT 1960 Jun 20 524 0:00 - GMT 525 526# Mauritania 527# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 528Zone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912 529 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 530 -1:00 - WAT 1960 Nov 28 531 0:00 - GMT 532 533# Mauritius 534 535# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-06-25): 536# Mauritius plans to observe DST from 2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31 on a trial 537# basis.... 538# It seems that Mauritius observed daylight saving time from 1982-10-10 to 539# 1983-03-20 as well, but that was not successful.... 540# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-daylight-saving-time.html 541 542# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-25): 543# http://economicdevelopment.gov.mu/portal/site/Mainhomepage/menuitem.a42b24128104d9845dabddd154508a0c/?content_id=0a7cee8b5d69a110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 544 545# From Arthur David Olson (2008-06-30): 546# The www.timeanddate.com article cited by Steffen Thorsen notes that "A 547# final decision has yet to be made on the times that daylight saving 548# would begin and end on these dates." As a place holder, use midnight. 549 550# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 551# Follow Thorsen on DST in 1982/1983, instead of Shanks & Pottenger. 552 553# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-07-10): 554# According to 555# <a href="http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216"> 556# http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216 557# </a> 558# (in French), Mauritius will start and end their DST a few days earlier 559# than previously announced (2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31). The new start 560# date is 2008-10-26 at 02:00 and the new end date is 2009-03-27 (no time 561# given, but it is probably at either 2 or 3 wall clock time). 562# 563# A little strange though, since the article says that they moved the date 564# to align itself with Europe and USA which also change time on that date, 565# but that means they have not paid attention to what happened in 566# USA/Canada last year (DST ends first Sunday in November). I also wonder 567# why that they end on a Friday, instead of aligning with Europe which 568# changes two days later. 569 570# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-07-11): 571# Seems that English language article "The revival of daylight saving 572# time: Energy conservation?"-# No. 16578 (07/11/2008) was originally 573# published on Monday, June 30, 2008... 574# 575# I guess that article in French "Le gouvernement avance l'introduction 576# de l'heure d'ete" stating that DST in Mauritius starting on October 26 577# and ending on March 27, 2009 is the most recent one. 578# ... 579# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html"> 580# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html 581# </a> 582 583# From Riad M. Hossen Ally (2008-08-03): 584# The Government of Mauritius weblink 585# <a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD"> 586# http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 587# </a> 588# Cabinet Decision of July 18th, 2008 states as follows: 589# 590# 4. ...Cabinet has agreed to the introduction into the National Assembly 591# of the Time Bill which provides for the introduction of summer time in 592# Mauritius. The summer time period which will be of one hour ahead of 593# the standard time, will be aligned with that in Europe and the United 594# States of America. It will start at two o'clock in the morning on the 595# last Sunday of October and will end at two o'clock in the morning on 596# the last Sunday of March the following year. The summer time for the 597# year 2008 - 2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008 598# and end on 29 March 2009. 599 600# From Ed Maste (2008-10-07): 601# THE TIME BILL (No. XXVII of 2008) Explanatory Memorandum states the 602# beginning / ending of summer time is 2 o'clock standard time in the 603# morning of the last Sunday of October / last Sunday of March. 604# <a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf"> 605# http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf 606# </a> 607 608# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-05): 609# According to several sources, Mauritius will not continue to observe 610# DST the coming summer... 611# 612# Some sources, in French: 613# <a href="http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB"> 614# http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB 615# </a> 616# <a href="http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints-"> 617# http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints- 618# </a> 619# 620# Our wrap-up: 621# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html"> 622# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html 623# </a> 624 625# From Arthur David Olson (2009-07-11): 626# The "mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat" wrapup includes this: 627# "The trial ended on March 29, 2009, when the clocks moved back by one hour 628# at 2am (or 02:00) local time..." 629 630# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 631Rule Mauritius 1982 only - Oct 10 0:00 1:00 S 632Rule Mauritius 1983 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 - 633Rule Mauritius 2008 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 634Rule Mauritius 2009 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 - 635# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 636Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis 637 4:00 Mauritius MU%sT # Mauritius Time 638# Agalega Is, Rodriguez 639# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius 640 641# Mayotte 642# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 643Zone Indian/Mayotte 3:00:56 - LMT 1911 Jul # Mamoutzou 644 3:00 - EAT 645 646# Morocco 647# See the `europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta). 648 649# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 650# Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between 651# 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008. 652# 653# "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will 654# be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to 655# Communication Minister and Gov ernment Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...." 656# 657# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html"> 658# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html 659# </a> 660# OR 661# <a href="http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html"> 662# http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html 663# </a> 664 665# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 666# The Morocco time change can be confirmed on Morocco web site Maghreb Arabe Presse: 667# <a href="http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view"> 668# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view 669# </a> 670# 671# Morocco shifts to daylight time on June 1st through September 27, Govt. 672# spokesman. 673 674# From Patrice Scattolin (2008-05-09): 675# According to this article: 676# <a href="http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html"> 677# http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html 678# </a> 679# (and republished here: 680# <a href="http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html"> 681# http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html 682# </a> 683# ) 684# the changes occurs at midnight: 685# 686# saturday night may 31st at midnight (which in french is to be 687# intrepreted as the night between saturday and sunday) 688# sunday night the 28th at midnight 689# 690# Seeing that the 28th is monday, I am guessing that she intends to say 691# the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between sunday and 692# monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive 693# june1st to sept 27th. 694# 695# The decision was taken by decree *2-08-224 *but I can't find the decree 696# published on the web. 697# 698# It's also confirmed here: 699# <a href="http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm"> 700# http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm 701# </a> 702# on a government portal as being between june 1st and sept 27th (not yet 703# posted in english). 704# 705# The following google query will generate many relevant hits: 706# <a href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search"> 707# http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search 708# </a> 709 710# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 711# Is Western Sahara (part which administrated by Morocco) going to follow 712# Morocco DST changes? Any information? What about other part of 713# Western Sahara - under administration of POLISARIO Front (also named 714# SADR Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic)? 715 716# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-09): 717# XXX--guess that it is only Morocco for now; guess only 2008 for now. 718 719# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-27): 720# Morocco will change the clocks back on the midnight between August 31 721# and September 1. They originally planned to observe DST to near the end 722# of September: 723# 724# One article about it (in French): 725# <a href="http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default"> 726# http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default 727# </a> 728# 729# We have some further details posted here: 730# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html"> 731# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html 732# </a> 733 734# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-17): 735# Morocco will observe DST from 2009-06-01 00:00 to 2009-08-21 00:00 according 736# to many sources, such as 737# <a href="http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html"> 738# http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html 739# </a> 740# <a href="http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312"> 741# http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312 742# </a> 743# (French) 744# 745# Our summary: 746# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html"> 747# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html 748# </a> 749 750# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 751# Here is a link to official document from Royaume du Maroc Premier Ministre, 752# Ministere de la Modernisation des Secteurs Publics 753# 754# Under Article 1 of Royal Decree No. 455-67 of Act 23 safar 1387 (2 june 1967) 755# concerning the amendment of the legal time, the Ministry of Modernization of 756# Public Sectors announced that the official time in the Kingdom will be 757# advanced 60 minutes from Sunday 31 May 2009 at midnight. 758# 759# <a href="http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf"> 760# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf 761# </a> 762# 763# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html"> 764# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html 765# </a> 766 767# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-04-13): 768# Several news media in Morocco report that the Ministry of Modernization 769# of Public Sectors has announced that Morocco will have DST from 770# 2010-05-02 to 2010-08-08. 771# 772# Example: 773# <a href="http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html"> 774# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html 775# </a> 776# (French) 777# Our page: 778# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html"> 779# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html 780# </a> 781 782# From Dan Abitol (2011-03-30): 783# ...Rules for Africa/Casablanca are the following (24h format) 784# The 3rd april 2011 at 00:00:00, [it] will be 3rd april 1:00:00 785# The 31th july 2011 at 00:59:59, [it] will be 31th July 00:00:00 786# ...Official links of change in morocco 787# The change was broadcast on the FM Radio 788# I ve called ANRT (telecom regulations in Morocco) at 789# +212.537.71.84.00 790# <a href="http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/"> 791# http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/ 792# </a> 793# They said that 794# <a href="http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view"> 795# http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view 796# </a> 797# is the official publication to look at. 798# They said that the decision was already taken. 799# 800# More articles in the press 801# <a href="http://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-lev"> 802# http://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-lev 803# </a> 804# e.html 805# <a href="http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923"> 806# http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923 807# </a> 808# <a href="http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim"> 809# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim 810# anche-prochain-5538.html 811# </a> 812 813# From Petr Machata (2011-03-30): 814# They have it written in English here: 815# <a href="http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view"> 816# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view 817# </a> 818# 819# It says there that "Morocco will resume its standard time on July 31, 820# 2011 at midnight." Now they don't say whether they mean midnight of 821# wall clock time (i.e. 11pm UTC), but that's what I would assume. It has 822# also been like that in the past. 823 824# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-03-09): 825# According to Infomédiaire web site from Morocco (infomediaire.ma), 826# on March 9, 2012, (in French) Heure légale: 827# Le Maroc adopte officiellement l'heure d'été 828# <a href="http://www.infomediaire.ma/news/maroc/heure-l%C3%A9gale-le-maroc-adopte-officiellement-lheure-d%C3%A9t%C3%A9"> 829# http://www.infomediaire.ma/news/maroc/heure-l%C3%A9gale-le-maroc-adopte-officiellement-lheure-d%C3%A9t%C3%A9 830# </a> 831# Governing Council adopted draft decree, that Morocco DST starts on 832# the last Sunday of March (March 25, 2012) and ends on 833# last Sunday of September (September 30, 2012) 834# except the month of Ramadan. 835# or (brief) 836# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco06.html"> 837# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco06.html 838# </a> 839 840# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-10): 841# The infomediaire.ma source indicates that the system is to be in 842# effect every year. It gives 03H00 as the "fall back" time of day; 843# it lacks a "spring forward" time of day; assume 2:00 XXX. 844# Wait on specifying the Ramadan exception for details about 845# start date, start time of day, end date, and end time of day XXX. 846 847# From Christophe Tropamer (2012-03-16): 848# Seen Morocco change again: 849# <a href="http://www.le2uminutes.com/actualite.php"> 850# http://www.le2uminutes.com/actualite.php 851# </a> 852# "...à partir du dernier dimance d'avril et non fins mars, 853# comme annoncé précédemment." 854 855# From Milamber Space Network (2012-07-17): 856# The official return to GMT is announced by the Moroccan government: 857# <a href="http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288"> 858# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288 [in French] 859# </a> 860# 861# Google translation, lightly edited: 862# Back to the standard time of the Kingdom (GMT) 863# Pursuant to Decree No. 2-12-126 issued on 26 Jumada (I) 1433 (April 18, 864# 2012) and in accordance with the order of Mr. President of the 865# Government No. 3-47-12 issued on 24 Sha'ban (11 July 2012), the Ministry 866# of Public Service and Administration Modernization announces the return 867# of the legal time of the Kingdom (GMT) from Friday, July 20, 2012 until 868# Monday, August 20, 2012. So the time will be delayed by 60 minutes from 869# 3:00 am Friday, July 20, 2012 and will again be advanced by 60 minutes 870# August 20, 2012 from 2:00 am. 871 872# From Paul Eggert (2013-03-06): 873# Morocco's daylight-saving transitions due to Ramadan seem to be 874# announced a bit in advance. On 2012-07-11 the Moroccan government 875# announced that year's Ramadan daylight-saving transitions would be 876# 2012-07-20 and 2012-08-20; see 877# <http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288>. 878 879# From Andrew Paprocki (2013-07-02): 880# Morocco announced that the year's Ramadan daylight-savings 881# transitions would be 2013-07-07 and 2013-08-10; see: 882# http://www.maroc.ma/en/news/morocco-suspends-daylight-saving-time-july-7-aug10 883 884# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-28): 885# Morocco extends DST by one month, on very short notice, just 1 day 886# before it was going to end. There is a new decree (2.13.781) for 887# this, where DST from now on goes from last Sunday of March at 02:00 888# to last Sunday of October at 03:00, similar to EU rules. Official 889# source (French): 890# http://www.maroc.gov.ma/fr/actualites/lhoraire-dete-gmt1-maintenu-jusquau-27-octobre-2013 891# Another source (specifying the time for start and end in the decree): 892# http://www.lemag.ma/Heure-d-ete-au-Maroc-jusqu-au-27-octobre_a75620.html 893 894# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-30): 895# To estimate what the Moroccan government will do in future years, 896# transition dates for 2014 through 2037 were determined by running 897# the following program under GNU Emacs 24.3: 898# 899# (let ((islamic-year 1435)) 900# (while (< islamic-year 1460) 901# (let ((a 902# (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute 903# (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year)))) 904# (b 905# (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute 906# (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year))))) 907# (insert 908# (format 909# (concat "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t %2d\t 3:00\t0\t-\n" 910# "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t %2d\t 2:00\t1:00\tS\n") 911# (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a)) 912# (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b))))) 913# (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year)))) 914# 915# with spring-forward transitions removed for 2023-2025, when the 916# normal spring-forward date falls during the estimated Ramadan; with 917# all transitions removed for 2026-2035, where the estimated Ramadan 918# falls entirely outside daylight-saving time; and with fall-back 919# transitions removed for 2036-2037, where the normal fall-back 920# date falls during the estimated Ramadan. Problems continue after that, 921# but 32-bit time_t values roll around in 2038 so for now do not worry 922# about dates after 2037. 923 924# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 925 926Rule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 S 927Rule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 - 928Rule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 S 929Rule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 - 930Rule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 S 931Rule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 - 932Rule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S 933Rule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 934Rule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S 935Rule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 936Rule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 937Rule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 938Rule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - 939Rule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 940Rule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - 941Rule Morocco 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 942Rule Morocco 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 943Rule Morocco 2009 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 944Rule Morocco 2009 only - Aug 21 0:00 0 - 945Rule Morocco 2010 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S 946Rule Morocco 2010 only - Aug 8 0:00 0 - 947Rule Morocco 2011 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 948Rule Morocco 2011 only - Jul 31 0 0 - 949Rule Morocco 2012 2013 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 950Rule Morocco 2012 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 951Rule Morocco 2012 only - Jul 20 3:00 0 - 952Rule Morocco 2012 only - Aug 20 2:00 1:00 S 953Rule Morocco 2013 only - Jul 7 3:00 0 - 954Rule Morocco 2013 only - Aug 10 2:00 1:00 S 955Rule Morocco 2013 2035 - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 - 956Rule Morocco 2014 2022 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 957Rule Morocco 2014 only - Jun 29 3:00 0 - 958Rule Morocco 2014 only - Jul 29 2:00 1:00 S 959Rule Morocco 2015 only - Jun 18 3:00 0 - 960Rule Morocco 2015 only - Jul 18 2:00 1:00 S 961Rule Morocco 2016 only - Jun 7 3:00 0 - 962Rule Morocco 2016 only - Jul 7 2:00 1:00 S 963Rule Morocco 2017 only - May 27 3:00 0 - 964Rule Morocco 2017 only - Jun 26 2:00 1:00 S 965Rule Morocco 2018 only - May 16 3:00 0 - 966Rule Morocco 2018 only - Jun 15 2:00 1:00 S 967Rule Morocco 2019 only - May 6 3:00 0 - 968Rule Morocco 2019 only - Jun 5 2:00 1:00 S 969Rule Morocco 2020 only - Apr 24 3:00 0 - 970Rule Morocco 2020 only - May 24 2:00 1:00 S 971Rule Morocco 2021 only - Apr 13 3:00 0 - 972Rule Morocco 2021 only - May 13 2:00 1:00 S 973Rule Morocco 2022 only - Apr 3 3:00 0 - 974Rule Morocco 2022 only - May 3 2:00 1:00 S 975Rule Morocco 2023 only - Apr 22 2:00 1:00 S 976Rule Morocco 2024 only - Apr 10 2:00 1:00 S 977Rule Morocco 2025 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S 978Rule Morocco 2026 max - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 979Rule Morocco 2036 only - Oct 21 3:00 0 - 980Rule Morocco 2037 only - Oct 11 3:00 0 - 981Rule Morocco 2038 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 982Rule Morocco 2038 only - Oct 30 2:00 1:00 S 983Rule Morocco 2038 max - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 - 984 985# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 986Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26 987 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1984 Mar 16 988 1:00 - CET 1986 989 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 990# Western Sahara 991Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan 992 -1:00 - WAT 1976 Apr 14 993 0:00 - WET 994 995# Mozambique 996# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 997Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar 998 2:00 - CAT 999 1000# Namibia 1001# The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks & Pottenger. 1002# Shanks & Pottenger report no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA. 1003 1004# From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30) in 1005# <http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html>: 1006# While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other 1007# settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there 1008# rises and sets earlier compared to other regions. Chief of 1009# Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of 1010# the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest 1011# of the country. 1012# 1013# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-31): 1014# Apparently the Caprivi Strip informally observes Botswana time, but 1015# we have no details. In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone. 1016 1017# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1018Rule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 1019Rule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 1020# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1021Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 1022 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time 1023 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00 1024 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00 1025 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence 1026 2:00 - CAT 1994 Apr 3 1027 1:00 Namibia WA%sT 1028 1029# Niger 1030# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1031Zone Africa/Niamey 0:08:28 - LMT 1912 1032 -1:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26 1033 0:00 - GMT 1960 1034 1:00 - WAT 1035 1036# Nigeria 1037# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1038Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep 1039 1:00 - WAT 1040 1041# Reunion 1042# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1043Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis 1044 4:00 - RET # Reunion Time 1045# 1046# Scattered Islands (Iles Eparses) administered from Reunion are as follows. 1047# The following information about them is taken from 1048# Iles Eparses (www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm, 1997-07-22, in French; 1049# no longer available as of 1999-08-17). 1050# We have no info about their time zone histories. 1051# 1052# Bassas da India - uninhabited 1053# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families 1054# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958 1055# Juan de Nova - uninhabited 1056# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958 1057 1058# Rwanda 1059# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1060Zone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun 1061 2:00 - CAT 1062 1063# St Helena 1064# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1065Zone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown 1066 -0:22:48 - JMT 1951 # Jamestown Mean Time 1067 0:00 - GMT 1068# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar: 1069# Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA 1070# Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995 and the CIA 1071# Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously): 1072# on GMT, says the CIA 1073# Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT 1074 1075# Sao Tome and Principe 1076# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1077Zone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884 1078 -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 # Lisbon Mean Time 1079 0:00 - GMT 1080 1081# Senegal 1082# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1083Zone Africa/Dakar -1:09:44 - LMT 1912 1084 -1:00 - WAT 1941 Jun 1085 0:00 - GMT 1086 1087# Seychelles 1088# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1089Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria 1090 4:00 - SCT # Seychelles Time 1091# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30): 1092# Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the 1093# Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory 1094# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know 1095# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now. 1096# Possibly the islands were uninhabited. 1097 1098# Sierra Leone 1099# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1100# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 1101Rule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 0:40 SLST 1102Rule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 WAT 1103Rule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 SLST 1104Rule SL 1957 1962 - Sep 1 0:00 0 GMT 1105# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1106Zone Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 - LMT 1882 1107 -0:53:00 - FMT 1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time 1108 -1:00 SL %s 1957 1109 0:00 SL %s 1110 1111# Somalia 1112# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1113Zone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov 1114 3:00 - EAT 1931 1115 2:30 - BEAT 1957 1116 3:00 - EAT 1117 1118# South Africa 1119# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1120Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 - 1121Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - 1122# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1123Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 1124 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar 1125 2:00 SA SAST 1126# Marion and Prince Edward Is 1127# scientific station since 1947 1128# no information 1129 1130# Sudan 1131# 1132# From <a href="http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html"> 1133# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13) 1134# </a>, also reported by Michael De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen: 1135# Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon 1136# Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for 1137# Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin. 1138# 1139# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1140Rule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1141Rule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 - 1142Rule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1143Rule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1144# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1145Zone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931 1146 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 1147 3:00 - EAT 1148 1149# South Sudan 1150Link Africa/Khartoum Africa/Juba 1151 1152# Swaziland 1153# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1154Zone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar 1155 2:00 - SAST 1156 1157# Tanzania 1158# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1159Zone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 - LMT 1931 1160 3:00 - EAT 1948 1161 2:45 - BEAUT 1961 1162 3:00 - EAT 1163 1164# Togo 1165# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1166Zone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893 1167 0:00 - GMT 1168 1169# Tunisia 1170 1171# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30): 1172# My correspondent, Risto Nykanen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST, 1173# this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News 1174# <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP 1175# and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by 1176# one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be 1177# UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next 1178# Saturday." (My translation) 1179# 1180# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02): 1181# LaPresse, the first national daily newspaper ... 1182# <http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html> 1183# ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30, 1184# 1h standard time. 1185# 1186# From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28): 1187# The daylight saving time will be the same each year: 1188# Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00 1189# Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ... 1190# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50 1191 1192# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-16): 1193# According to several news sources, Tunisia will not observe DST this year. 1194# (Arabic) 1195# <a href="http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546"> 1196# http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546 1197# </a> 1198# <a href="http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp"> 1199# http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp 1200# </a> 1201# 1202# We have also confirmed this with the US embassy in Tunisia. 1203# We have a wrap-up about this on the following page: 1204# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html"> 1205# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html 1206# </a> 1207 1208# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 1209# Here is a link to Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency 1210# 1211# Standard time to be kept the whole year long (tap.info.tn): 1212# 1213# (in English) 1214# <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157"> 1215# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157 1216# </a> 1217# 1218# (in Arabic) 1219# <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1"> 1220# http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1 1221# </a> 1222 1223# From Arthur David Olson (2009--3-18): 1224# The Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency notice contains this: "This measure is due to the fact 1225# that the fasting month of ramadan coincides with the period concerned by summer time. 1226# Therefore, the standard time will be kept unchanged the whole year long." 1227# So foregoing DST seems to be an exception (albeit one that may be repeated in the future). 1228 1229# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-27): 1230# According to some news reports Tunis confirmed not to use DST in 2010 1231# 1232# (translation): 1233# "The Tunisian government has decided to abandon DST, which was scheduled on 1234# Sunday... 1235# Tunisian authorities had suspended the DST for the first time last year also 1236# coincided with the month of Ramadan..." 1237# 1238# (in Arabic) 1239# <a href="http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1"> 1240# http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1 1241# <a href="http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036"> 1242# http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036 1243# or 1244# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html"> 1245# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html 1246 1247# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1248Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S 1249Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - 1250Rule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S 1251Rule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - 1252Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S 1253Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - 1254Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S 1255Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 - 1256Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S 1257Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 1258Rule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 1259Rule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 1260Rule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 1261Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S 1262Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 - 1263Rule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1264Rule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - 1265Rule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1266Rule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - 1267Rule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S 1268Rule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1269Rule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1270Rule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 - 1271Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 1272Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 1273 1274# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's 1275# more precise 0:09:21. 1276# Shanks & Pottenger say the 1911 switch was on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11. 1277# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1278Zone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12 1279 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 1280 1:00 Tunisia CE%sT 1281 1282# Uganda 1283# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1284Zone Africa/Kampala 2:09:40 - LMT 1928 Jul 1285 3:00 - EAT 1930 1286 2:30 - BEAT 1948 1287 2:45 - BEAUT 1957 1288 3:00 - EAT 1289 1290# Zambia 1291# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1292Zone Africa/Lusaka 1:53:08 - LMT 1903 Mar 1293 2:00 - CAT 1294 1295# Zimbabwe 1296# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1297Zone Africa/Harare 2:04:12 - LMT 1903 Mar 1298 2:00 - CAT 1299