TestShortIntVect.java revision 11707:ad7af1afda7a
1/*
2 * Copyright (c) 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
4 *
5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
8 *
9 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
10 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
11 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
12 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
13 * accompanied this code).
14 *
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
16 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
17 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
18 *
19 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
20 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
21 * questions.
22 *
23 */
24
25/**
26 * @test
27 * @bug 7119644
28 * @summary Increase superword's vector size up to 256 bits
29 *
30 * @run main/othervm/timeout=300 -Xbatch -XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions
31 *    -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:-OptimizeFill
32 *    compiler.codegen.TestShortIntVect
33 */
34
35package compiler.codegen;
36
37public class TestShortIntVect {
38  private static final int ARRLEN = 997;
39  private static final int ITERS  = 11000;
40  private static final int OFFSET = 3;
41  private static final int SCALE = 2;
42  private static final int ALIGN_OFF = 8;
43  private static final int UNALIGN_OFF = 5;
44
45  public static void main(String args[]) {
46    System.out.println("Testing Short + Integer vectors");
47    int errn = test();
48    if (errn > 0) {
49      System.err.println("FAILED: " + errn + " errors");
50      System.exit(97);
51    }
52    System.out.println("PASSED");
53  }
54
55  static int test() {
56    short[] a1 = new short[ARRLEN];
57    short[] a2 = new short[ARRLEN];
58    int[] b1 = new int[ARRLEN];
59    int[] b2 = new int[ARRLEN];
60    System.out.println("Warmup");
61    for (int i=0; i<ITERS; i++) {
62      test_ci(a1, b1);
63      test_vi(a2, b2, (short)123, (int)103);
64      test_cp(a1, a2, b1, b2);
65      test_ci_neg(a1, b1);
66      test_vi_neg(a1, b1, (short)123, (int)103);
67      test_cp_neg(a1, a2, b1, b2);
68      test_ci_oppos(a1, b1);
69      test_vi_oppos(a1, b1, (short)123, (int)103);
70      test_cp_oppos(a1, a2, b1, b2);
71      test_ci_aln(a1, b1);
72      test_vi_aln(a1, b1, (short)123, (int)103);
73      test_cp_alndst(a1, a2, b1, b2);
74      test_cp_alnsrc(a1, a2, b1, b2);
75      test_ci_unaln(a1, b1);
76      test_vi_unaln(a1, b1, (short)123, (int)103);
77      test_cp_unalndst(a1, a2, b1, b2);
78      test_cp_unalnsrc(a1, a2, b1, b2);
79    }
80    // Initialize
81    for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
82      a1[i] = -1;
83      a2[i] = -1;
84      b1[i] = -1;
85      b2[i] = -1;
86    }
87    // Test and verify results
88    System.out.println("Verification");
89    int errn = 0;
90    {
91      test_ci(a1, b1);
92      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
93        errn += verify("test_ci: a1", i, a1[i], (short)-123);
94        errn += verify("test_ci: b1", i, b1[i], (int)-103);
95      }
96      test_vi(a2, b2, (short)123, (int)103);
97      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
98        errn += verify("test_vi: a2", i, a2[i], (short)123);
99        errn += verify("test_vi: b2", i, b2[i], (int)103);
100      }
101      test_cp(a1, a2, b1, b2);
102      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
103        errn += verify("test_cp: a1", i, a1[i], (short)123);
104        errn += verify("test_cp: b1", i, b1[i], (int)103);
105      }
106
107      // Reset for negative stride
108      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
109        a1[i] = -1;
110        a2[i] = -1;
111        b1[i] = -1;
112        b2[i] = -1;
113      }
114      test_ci_neg(a1, b1);
115      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
116        errn += verify("test_ci_neg: a1", i, a1[i], (short)-123);
117        errn += verify("test_ci_neg: b1", i, b1[i], (int)-103);
118      }
119      test_vi_neg(a2, b2, (short)123, (int)103);
120      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
121        errn += verify("test_vi_neg: a2", i, a2[i], (short)123);
122        errn += verify("test_vi_neg: b2", i, b2[i], (int)103);
123      }
124      test_cp_neg(a1, a2, b1, b2);
125      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
126        errn += verify("test_cp_neg: a1", i, a1[i], (short)123);
127        errn += verify("test_cp_neg: b1", i, b1[i], (int)103);
128      }
129
130      // Reset for opposite stride
131      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
132        a1[i] = -1;
133        a2[i] = -1;
134        b1[i] = -1;
135        b2[i] = -1;
136      }
137      test_ci_oppos(a1, b1);
138      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
139        errn += verify("test_ci_oppos: a1", i, a1[i], (short)-123);
140        errn += verify("test_ci_oppos: b1", i, b1[i], (int)-103);
141      }
142      test_vi_oppos(a2, b2, (short)123, (int)103);
143      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
144        errn += verify("test_vi_oppos: a2", i, a2[i], (short)123);
145        errn += verify("test_vi_oppos: b2", i, b2[i], (int)103);
146      }
147      test_cp_oppos(a1, a2, b1, b2);
148      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
149        errn += verify("test_cp_oppos: a1", i, a1[i], (short)123);
150        errn += verify("test_cp_oppos: b1", i, b1[i], (int)103);
151      }
152
153      // Reset for 2 arrays with relative aligned offset
154      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
155        a1[i] = -1;
156        a2[i] = 123;
157        b1[i] = -1;
158        b2[i] = 123;
159      }
160      test_cp_alndst(a1, a2, b1, b2);
161      for (int i=0; i<ALIGN_OFF; i++) {
162        errn += verify("test_cp_alndst: a1", i, a1[i], (short)-1);
163        errn += verify("test_cp_alndst: b1", i, b1[i], (int)-1);
164      }
165      for (int i=ALIGN_OFF; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
166        errn += verify("test_cp_alndst: a1", i, a1[i], (short)123);
167        errn += verify("test_cp_alndst: b1", i, b1[i], (int)123);
168      }
169      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
170        a2[i] = -123;
171        b2[i] = -123;
172      }
173      test_cp_alnsrc(a1, a2, b1, b2);
174      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN-ALIGN_OFF; i++) {
175        errn += verify("test_cp_alnsrc: a1", i, a1[i], (short)-123);
176        errn += verify("test_cp_alnsrc: b1", i, b1[i], (int)-123);
177      }
178      for (int i=ARRLEN-ALIGN_OFF; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
179        errn += verify("test_cp_alnsrc: a1", i, a1[i], (short)123);
180        errn += verify("test_cp_alnsrc: b1", i, b1[i], (int)123);
181      }
182
183      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
184        a1[i] = -1;
185        b1[i] = -1;
186      }
187      test_ci_aln(a1, b1);
188      for (int i=0; i<ALIGN_OFF; i++) {
189        errn += verify("test_ci_aln: a1", i, a1[i], (short)-1);
190      }
191      for (int i=ALIGN_OFF; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
192        errn += verify("test_ci_aln: a1", i, a1[i], (short)-123);
193      }
194      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN-ALIGN_OFF; i++) {
195        errn += verify("test_ci_aln: b1", i, b1[i], (int)-103);
196      }
197      for (int i=ARRLEN-ALIGN_OFF; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
198        errn += verify("test_ci_aln: b1", i, b1[i], (int)-1);
199      }
200
201      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
202        a1[i] = -1;
203        b1[i] = -1;
204      }
205      test_vi_aln(a1, b1, (short)123, (int)103);
206      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN-ALIGN_OFF; i++) {
207        errn += verify("test_vi_aln: a1", i, a1[i], (short)123);
208      }
209      for (int i=ARRLEN-ALIGN_OFF; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
210        errn += verify("test_vi_aln: a1", i, a1[i], (short)-1);
211      }
212      for (int i=0; i<ALIGN_OFF; i++) {
213        errn += verify("test_vi_aln: b1", i, b1[i], (int)-1);
214      }
215      for (int i=ALIGN_OFF; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
216        errn += verify("test_vi_aln: b1", i, b1[i], (int)103);
217      }
218
219      // Reset for 2 arrays with relative unaligned offset
220      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
221        a1[i] = -1;
222        a2[i] = 123;
223        b1[i] = -1;
224        b2[i] = 123;
225      }
226      test_cp_unalndst(a1, a2, b1, b2);
227      for (int i=0; i<UNALIGN_OFF; i++) {
228        errn += verify("test_cp_unalndst: a1", i, a1[i], (short)-1);
229        errn += verify("test_cp_unalndst: b1", i, b1[i], (int)-1);
230      }
231      for (int i=UNALIGN_OFF; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
232        errn += verify("test_cp_unalndst: a1", i, a1[i], (short)123);
233        errn += verify("test_cp_unalndst: b1", i, b1[i], (int)123);
234      }
235      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
236        a2[i] = -123;
237        b2[i] = -123;
238      }
239      test_cp_unalnsrc(a1, a2, b1, b2);
240      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN-UNALIGN_OFF; i++) {
241        errn += verify("test_cp_unalnsrc: a1", i, a1[i], (short)-123);
242        errn += verify("test_cp_unalnsrc: b1", i, b1[i], (int)-123);
243      }
244      for (int i=ARRLEN-UNALIGN_OFF; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
245        errn += verify("test_cp_unalnsrc: a1", i, a1[i], (short)123);
246        errn += verify("test_cp_unalnsrc: b1", i, b1[i], (int)123);
247      }
248      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
249        a1[i] = -1;
250        b1[i] = -1;
251      }
252      test_ci_unaln(a1, b1);
253      for (int i=0; i<UNALIGN_OFF; i++) {
254        errn += verify("test_ci_unaln: a1", i, a1[i], (short)-1);
255      }
256      for (int i=UNALIGN_OFF; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
257        errn += verify("test_ci_unaln: a1", i, a1[i], (short)-123);
258      }
259      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN-UNALIGN_OFF; i++) {
260        errn += verify("test_ci_unaln: b1", i, b1[i], (int)-103);
261      }
262      for (int i=ARRLEN-UNALIGN_OFF; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
263        errn += verify("test_ci_unaln: b1", i, b1[i], (int)-1);
264      }
265      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
266        a1[i] = -1;
267        b1[i] = -1;
268      }
269      test_vi_unaln(a1, b1, (short)123, (int)103);
270      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN-UNALIGN_OFF; i++) {
271        errn += verify("test_vi_unaln: a1", i, a1[i], (short)123);
272      }
273      for (int i=ARRLEN-UNALIGN_OFF; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
274        errn += verify("test_vi_unaln: a1", i, a1[i], (short)-1);
275      }
276      for (int i=0; i<UNALIGN_OFF; i++) {
277        errn += verify("test_vi_unaln: b1", i, b1[i], (int)-1);
278      }
279      for (int i=UNALIGN_OFF; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
280        errn += verify("test_vi_unaln: b1", i, b1[i], (int)103);
281      }
282
283      // Reset for aligned overlap initialization
284      for (int i=0; i<ALIGN_OFF; i++) {
285        a1[i] = (short)i;
286        b1[i] = (int)i;
287      }
288      for (int i=ALIGN_OFF; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
289        a1[i] = -1;
290        b1[i] = -1;
291      }
292      test_cp_alndst(a1, a1, b1, b1);
293      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
294        int v = i%ALIGN_OFF;
295        errn += verify("test_cp_alndst_overlap: a1", i, a1[i], (short)v);
296        errn += verify("test_cp_alndst_overlap: b1", i, b1[i], (int)v);
297      }
298      for (int i=0; i<ALIGN_OFF; i++) {
299        a1[i+ALIGN_OFF] = -1;
300        b1[i+ALIGN_OFF] = -1;
301      }
302      test_cp_alnsrc(a1, a1, b1, b1);
303      for (int i=0; i<ALIGN_OFF; i++) {
304        errn += verify("test_cp_alnsrc_overlap: a1", i, a1[i], (short)-1);
305        errn += verify("test_cp_alnsrc_overlap: b1", i, b1[i], (int)-1);
306      }
307      for (int i=ALIGN_OFF; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
308        int v = i%ALIGN_OFF;
309        errn += verify("test_cp_alnsrc_overlap: a1", i, a1[i], (short)v);
310        errn += verify("test_cp_alnsrc_overlap: b1", i, b1[i], (int)v);
311      }
312
313      // Reset for unaligned overlap initialization
314      for (int i=0; i<UNALIGN_OFF; i++) {
315        a1[i] = (short)i;
316        b1[i] = (int)i;
317      }
318      for (int i=UNALIGN_OFF; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
319        a1[i] = -1;
320        b1[i] = -1;
321      }
322      test_cp_unalndst(a1, a1, b1, b1);
323      for (int i=0; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
324        int v = i%UNALIGN_OFF;
325        errn += verify("test_cp_unalndst_overlap: a1", i, a1[i], (short)v);
326        errn += verify("test_cp_unalndst_overlap: b1", i, b1[i], (int)v);
327      }
328      for (int i=0; i<UNALIGN_OFF; i++) {
329        a1[i+UNALIGN_OFF] = -1;
330        b1[i+UNALIGN_OFF] = -1;
331      }
332      test_cp_unalnsrc(a1, a1, b1, b1);
333      for (int i=0; i<UNALIGN_OFF; i++) {
334        errn += verify("test_cp_unalnsrc_overlap: a1", i, a1[i], (short)-1);
335        errn += verify("test_cp_unalnsrc_overlap: b1", i, b1[i], (int)-1);
336      }
337      for (int i=UNALIGN_OFF; i<ARRLEN; i++) {
338        int v = i%UNALIGN_OFF;
339        errn += verify("test_cp_unalnsrc_overlap: a1", i, a1[i], (short)v);
340        errn += verify("test_cp_unalnsrc_overlap: b1", i, b1[i], (int)v);
341      }
342
343    }
344
345    if (errn > 0)
346      return errn;
347
348    System.out.println("Time");
349    long start, end;
350    start = System.currentTimeMillis();
351    for (int i=0; i<ITERS; i++) {
352      test_ci(a1, b1);
353    }
354    end = System.currentTimeMillis();
355    System.out.println("test_ci: " + (end - start));
356    start = System.currentTimeMillis();
357    for (int i=0; i<ITERS; i++) {
358      test_vi(a2, b2, (short)123, (int)103);
359    }
360    end = System.currentTimeMillis();
361    System.out.println("test_vi: " + (end - start));
362    start = System.currentTimeMillis();
363    for (int i=0; i<ITERS; i++) {
364      test_cp(a1, a2, b1, b2);
365    }
366    end = System.currentTimeMillis();
367    System.out.println("test_cp: " + (end - start));
368    start = System.currentTimeMillis();
369    for (int i=0; i<ITERS; i++) {
370      test_ci_neg(a1, b1);
371    }
372    end = System.currentTimeMillis();
373    System.out.println("test_ci_neg: " + (end - start));
374    start = System.currentTimeMillis();
375    for (int i=0; i<ITERS; i++) {
376      test_vi_neg(a1, b1, (short)123, (int)103);
377    }
378    end = System.currentTimeMillis();
379    System.out.println("test_vi_neg: " + (end - start));
380    start = System.currentTimeMillis();
381    for (int i=0; i<ITERS; i++) {
382      test_cp_neg(a1, a2, b1, b2);
383    }
384    end = System.currentTimeMillis();
385    System.out.println("test_cp_neg: " + (end - start));
386    start = System.currentTimeMillis();
387    for (int i=0; i<ITERS; i++) {
388      test_ci_oppos(a1, b1);
389    }
390    end = System.currentTimeMillis();
391    System.out.println("test_ci_oppos: " + (end - start));
392    start = System.currentTimeMillis();
393    for (int i=0; i<ITERS; i++) {
394      test_vi_oppos(a1, b1, (short)123, (int)103);
395    }
396    end = System.currentTimeMillis();
397    System.out.println("test_vi_oppos: " + (end - start));
398    start = System.currentTimeMillis();
399    for (int i=0; i<ITERS; i++) {
400      test_cp_oppos(a1, a2, b1, b2);
401    }
402    end = System.currentTimeMillis();
403    System.out.println("test_cp_oppos: " + (end - start));
404    start = System.currentTimeMillis();
405    for (int i=0; i<ITERS; i++) {
406      test_ci_aln(a1, b1);
407    }
408    end = System.currentTimeMillis();
409    System.out.println("test_ci_aln: " + (end - start));
410    start = System.currentTimeMillis();
411    for (int i=0; i<ITERS; i++) {
412      test_vi_aln(a1, b1, (short)123, (int)103);
413    }
414    end = System.currentTimeMillis();
415    System.out.println("test_vi_aln: " + (end - start));
416    start = System.currentTimeMillis();
417    for (int i=0; i<ITERS; i++) {
418      test_cp_alndst(a1, a2, b1, b2);
419    }
420    end = System.currentTimeMillis();
421    System.out.println("test_cp_alndst: " + (end - start));
422    start = System.currentTimeMillis();
423    for (int i=0; i<ITERS; i++) {
424      test_cp_alnsrc(a1, a2, b1, b2);
425    }
426    end = System.currentTimeMillis();
427    System.out.println("test_cp_alnsrc: " + (end - start));
428    start = System.currentTimeMillis();
429    for (int i=0; i<ITERS; i++) {
430      test_ci_unaln(a1, b1);
431    }
432    end = System.currentTimeMillis();
433    System.out.println("test_ci_unaln: " + (end - start));
434    start = System.currentTimeMillis();
435    for (int i=0; i<ITERS; i++) {
436      test_vi_unaln(a1, b1, (short)123, (int)103);
437    }
438    end = System.currentTimeMillis();
439    System.out.println("test_vi_unaln: " + (end - start));
440    start = System.currentTimeMillis();
441    for (int i=0; i<ITERS; i++) {
442      test_cp_unalndst(a1, a2, b1, b2);
443    }
444    end = System.currentTimeMillis();
445    System.out.println("test_cp_unalndst: " + (end - start));
446    start = System.currentTimeMillis();
447    for (int i=0; i<ITERS; i++) {
448      test_cp_unalnsrc(a1, a2, b1, b2);
449    }
450    end = System.currentTimeMillis();
451    System.out.println("test_cp_unalnsrc: " + (end - start));
452    return errn;
453  }
454
455  static void test_ci(short[] a, int[] b) {
456    for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i+=1) {
457      a[i] = -123;
458      b[i] = -103;
459    }
460  }
461  static void test_vi(short[] a, int[] b, short c, int d) {
462    for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i+=1) {
463      a[i] = c;
464      b[i] = d;
465    }
466  }
467  static void test_cp(short[] a, short[] b, int[] c, int[] d) {
468    for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i+=1) {
469      a[i] = b[i];
470      c[i] = d[i];
471    }
472  }
473  static void test_ci_neg(short[] a, int[] b) {
474    for (int i = a.length-1; i >= 0; i-=1) {
475      a[i] = -123;
476      b[i] = -103;
477    }
478  }
479  static void test_vi_neg(short[] a, int[] b, short c, int d) {
480    for (int i = a.length-1; i >= 0; i-=1) {
481      a[i] = c;
482      b[i] = d;
483    }
484  }
485  static void test_cp_neg(short[] a, short[] b, int[] c, int[] d) {
486    for (int i = a.length-1; i >= 0; i-=1) {
487      a[i] = b[i];
488      c[i] = d[i];
489    }
490  }
491  static void test_ci_oppos(short[] a, int[] b) {
492    int limit = a.length-1;
493    for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i+=1) {
494      a[limit-i] = -123;
495      b[i] = -103;
496    }
497  }
498  static void test_vi_oppos(short[] a, int[] b, short c, int d) {
499    int limit = a.length-1;
500    for (int i = a.length-1; i >= 0; i-=1) {
501      a[i] = c;
502      b[limit-i] = d;
503    }
504  }
505  static void test_cp_oppos(short[] a, short[] b, int[] c, int[] d) {
506    int limit = a.length-1;
507    for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i+=1) {
508      a[i] = b[limit-i];
509      c[limit-i] = d[i];
510    }
511  }
512  static void test_ci_aln(short[] a, int[] b) {
513    for (int i = 0; i < a.length-ALIGN_OFF; i+=1) {
514      a[i+ALIGN_OFF] = -123;
515      b[i] = -103;
516    }
517  }
518  static void test_vi_aln(short[] a, int[] b, short c, int d) {
519    for (int i = 0; i < a.length-ALIGN_OFF; i+=1) {
520      a[i] = c;
521      b[i+ALIGN_OFF] = d;
522    }
523  }
524  static void test_cp_alndst(short[] a, short[] b, int[] c, int[] d) {
525    for (int i = 0; i < a.length-ALIGN_OFF; i+=1) {
526      a[i+ALIGN_OFF] = b[i];
527      c[i+ALIGN_OFF] = d[i];
528    }
529  }
530  static void test_cp_alnsrc(short[] a, short[] b, int[] c, int[] d) {
531    for (int i = 0; i < a.length-ALIGN_OFF; i+=1) {
532      a[i] = b[i+ALIGN_OFF];
533      c[i] = d[i+ALIGN_OFF];
534    }
535  }
536  static void test_ci_unaln(short[] a, int[] b) {
537    for (int i = 0; i < a.length-UNALIGN_OFF; i+=1) {
538      a[i+UNALIGN_OFF] = -123;
539      b[i] = -103;
540    }
541  }
542  static void test_vi_unaln(short[] a, int[] b, short c, int d) {
543    for (int i = 0; i < a.length-UNALIGN_OFF; i+=1) {
544      a[i] = c;
545      b[i+UNALIGN_OFF] = d;
546    }
547  }
548  static void test_cp_unalndst(short[] a, short[] b, int[] c, int[] d) {
549    for (int i = 0; i < a.length-UNALIGN_OFF; i+=1) {
550      a[i+UNALIGN_OFF] = b[i];
551      c[i+UNALIGN_OFF] = d[i];
552    }
553  }
554  static void test_cp_unalnsrc(short[] a, short[] b, int[] c, int[] d) {
555    for (int i = 0; i < a.length-UNALIGN_OFF; i+=1) {
556      a[i] = b[i+UNALIGN_OFF];
557      c[i] = d[i+UNALIGN_OFF];
558    }
559  }
560
561  static int verify(String text, int i, short elem, short val) {
562    if (elem != val) {
563      System.err.println(text + "[" + i + "] = " + elem + " != " + val);
564      return 1;
565    }
566    return 0;
567  }
568  static int verify(String text, int i, int elem, int val) {
569    if (elem != val) {
570      System.err.println(text + "[" + i + "] = " + elem + " != " + val);
571      return 1;
572    }
573    return 0;
574  }
575}
576