africa revision 1.62
1# $OpenBSD: africa,v 1.62 2020/04/24 14:21:35 millert Exp $ 2# tzdb data for Africa and environs 3 4# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 5# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 6 7# This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 8# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 9# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see 10# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. 11 12# From Paul Eggert (2018-05-27): 13# 14# Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is: 15# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 16# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 17# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources. 18# 19# Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source 20# for time zone data was the International Air Transport 21# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 22# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 23# of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted, 24# IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 25# 26# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 27# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 28# I found in the UCLA library. 29# 30# For data circa 1899, a common source is: 31# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94. 32# https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359 33# 34# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 35# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 36# 37# European-style abbreviations are commonly used along the Mediterranean. 38# For sub-Saharan Africa abbreviations were less standardized. 39# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT 40# for UT +00 through +03, respectively, 41# but in 1997 Mark R V Murray reported that 42# 'SAST' is the official abbreviation for +02 in the country of South Africa, 43# 'CAT' is commonly used for +02 in countries north of South Africa, and 44# 'WAT' is probably the best name for +01, as the common phrase for 45# the area that includes Nigeria is "West Africa". 46# 47# To summarize, the following abbreviations seemed to have some currency: 48# +00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time 49# +02 CAT Central Africa Time 50# +02 SAST South Africa Standard Time 51# and Murray suggested the following abbreviation: 52# +01 WAT West Africa Time 53# Murray's suggestion seems to have caught on in news reports and the like. 54# I vaguely recall 'WAT' also being used for -01 in the past but 55# cannot now come up with solid citations. 56# 57# I invented the following abbreviations in the 1990s: 58# +02 WAST West Africa Summer Time 59# +03 CAST Central Africa Summer Time 60# +03 SAST South Africa Summer Time 61# +03 EAT East Africa Time 62# 'EAT' seems to have caught on and is in current timestamps, and though 63# the other abbreviations are rarer and are only in past timestamps, 64# they are paired with better-attested non-DST abbreviations. 65# Corrections are welcome. 66 67# Algeria 68# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 69Rule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S 70Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - 71Rule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S 72Rule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S 73Rule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S 74Rule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S 75Rule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - 76Rule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S 77Rule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 - 78Rule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S 79Rule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 - 80Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 81Rule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - 82Rule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 - 83Rule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S 84Rule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 - 85Rule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S 86Rule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 - 87Rule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S 88Rule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 - 89Rule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S 90Rule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 91# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's 92# more precise 0:09:21. 93# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 94Zone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 95 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 96 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00 97 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7 98 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29 99 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14 100 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21 101 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26 102 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May 103 1:00 - CET 104 105# Angola 106# Benin 107# See Africa/Lagos. 108 109# Botswana 110# See Africa/Maputo. 111 112# Burkina Faso 113# See Africa/Abidjan. 114 115# Burundi 116# See Africa/Maputo. 117 118# Cameroon 119# See Africa/Lagos. 120 121# Cape Verde / Cabo Verde 122# 123# From Paul Eggert (2018-02-16): 124# Shanks gives 1907 for the transition to +02. 125# For now, ignore that and follow the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree 126# (see Europe/Lisbon). 127# 128# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 129Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1912 Jan 01 2:00u # Praia 130 -2:00 - -02 1942 Sep 131 -2:00 1:00 -01 1945 Oct 15 132 -2:00 - -02 1975 Nov 25 2:00 133 -1:00 - -01 134 135# Central African Republic 136# See Africa/Lagos. 137 138# Chad 139# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 140Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 # N'Djamena 141 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14 142 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8 143 1:00 - WAT 144 145# Comoros 146# See Africa/Nairobi. 147 148# Democratic Republic of the Congo 149# See Africa/Lagos for the western part and Africa/Maputo for the eastern. 150 151# Republic of the Congo 152# See Africa/Lagos. 153 154# C��te d'Ivoire / Ivory Coast 155# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 156Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912 157 0:00 - GMT 158Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Bamako # Mali 159Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Banjul # Gambia 160Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Conakry # Guinea 161Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Dakar # Senegal 162Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Freetown # Sierra Leone 163Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Lome # Togo 164Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Nouakchott # Mauritania 165Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Ouagadougou # Burkina Faso 166Link Africa/Abidjan Atlantic/St_Helena # St Helena 167 168# Djibouti 169# See Africa/Nairobi. 170 171############################################################################### 172 173# Egypt 174 175# Milne says Cairo used 2:05:08.9, the local mean time of the Abbasizeh 176# observatory; round to nearest. Milne also says that the official time for 177# Egypt was mean noon at the Great Pyramid, 2:04:30.5, but apparently this 178# did not apply to Cairo, Alexandria, or Port Said. 179 180# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 181Rule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S 182Rule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 183Rule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 184Rule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 185Rule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 186Rule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 - 187Rule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 188Rule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S 189Rule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 190Rule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 191Rule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 192Rule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 193Rule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 194Rule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 195Rule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S 196Rule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S 197Rule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 198Rule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S 199Rule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 200# IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00. 201# Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29. 202 203# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-04-20): 204# "...Egypt's interim cabinet decided on Wednesday to cancel daylight 205# saving time after a poll posted on its website showed the majority of 206# Egyptians would approve the cancellation." 207# 208# Egypt to cancel daylight saving time 209# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168 210# or 211# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html 212Rule Egypt 1995 2010 - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S 213Rule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 214# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19): 215# The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports: 216# Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday 217# after observing the daylight saving time since May. 218# http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf 219Rule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 220# From Dirk Losch (2007-08-14): 221# I received a mail from an airline which says that the daylight 222# saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07. 223# From Jesper N��rgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:] 224# http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm 225# https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53 226# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-04): The official information...: 227# http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001580.htm 228Rule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 24:00 0 - 229# From Abdelrahman Hassan (2007-09-06): 230# Due to the Hijri (lunar Islamic calendar) year being 11 days shorter 231# than the year of the Gregorian calendar, Ramadan shifts earlier each 232# year. This year it will be observed September 13 (September is quite 233# hot in Egypt), and the idea is to make fasting easier for workers by 234# shifting business hours one hour out of daytime heat. Consequently, 235# unless discontinued, next DST may end Thursday 28 August 2008. 236# From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17): 237# For lack of better info, assume the new rule is last Thursday in August. 238 239# From Petr Machata (2009-04-06): 240# The following appeared in Red Hat bugzilla[1] (edited): 241# 242# > $ zdump -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo | grep 2009 243# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 21:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 244# Apr 23 245# > 23:59:59 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 246# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 22:00:00 2009 UTC = Fri = 247# Apr 24 248# > 01:00:00 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 249# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 20:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 250# Aug 27 251# > 23:59:59 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 252# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 21:00:00 2009 UTC = Thu = 253# Aug 27 254# > 23:00:00 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 255# 256# > end date should be Thu Sep 24 2009 (Last Thursday in September at 23:59= 257# :59) 258# > http://support.microsoft.com/kb/958729/ 259# 260# timeanddate[2] and another site I've found[3] also support that. 261# 262# [1] https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263 263# [2] https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53 264# [3] https://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/ 265 266# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-20): 267# In 2009 (and for the next several years), Ramadan ends before the fourth 268# Thursday in September; Egypt is expected to revert to the last Thursday 269# in September. 270 271# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-11): 272# We have been able to confirm the August change with the Egyptian Cabinet 273# Information and Decision Support Center: 274# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html 275# 276# The Middle East News Agency 277# https://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx 278# also reports "Egypt starts winter time on August 21" 279# today in article numbered "71, 11/08/2009 12:25 GMT." 280# Only the title above is available without a subscription to their service, 281# and can be found by searching for "winter" in their search engine 282# (at least today). 283 284# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-07-20): 285# According to News from Egypt - Al-Masry Al-Youm Egypt's cabinet has 286# decided that Daylight Saving Time will not be used in Egypt during 287# Ramadan. 288# 289# Arabic translation: 290# "Clocks to go back during Ramadan - and then forward again" 291# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again 292# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html 293 294# From Ahmad El-Dardiry (2014-05-07): 295# Egypt is to change back to Daylight system on May 15 296# http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/100735/Egypt/Politics-/Egypts-government-to-reapply-daylight-saving-time-.aspx 297 298# From Gunther Vermier (2014-05-13): 299# our Egypt office confirms that the change will be at 15 May "midnight" (24:00) 300 301# From Imed Chihi (2014-06-04): 302# We have finally "located" a precise official reference about the DST changes 303# in Egypt. The Ministers Cabinet decision is explained at 304# http://www.cabinet.gov.eg/Media/CabinetMeetingsDetails.aspx?id=347 ... 305# [T]his (Arabic) site is not accessible outside Egypt, but the page ... 306# translates into: "With regard to daylight saving time, it is scheduled to 307# take effect at exactly twelve o'clock this evening, Thursday, 15 MAY 2014, 308# to be suspended by twelve o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 26 JUN 2014, 309# and re-established again at the end of the month of Ramadan, at twelve 310# o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 31 JUL 2014." This statement has been 311# reproduced by other (more accessible) sites[, e.g.,]... 312# http://elgornal.net/news/news.aspx?id=4699258 313 314# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-04): 315# Sarah El Deeb and Lee Keath of AP report that the Egyptian government says 316# the change is because of blackouts in Cairo, even though Ahram Online (cited 317# above) says DST had no affect on electricity consumption. There is 318# no information about when DST will end this fall. See: 319# http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/el-sissi-pushes-egyptians-line-23614833 320 321# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-04-08): 322# Egypt will start DST on midnight after Thursday, April 30, 2015. 323# This is based on a law (no 35) from May 15, 2014 saying it starts the last 324# Thursday of April.... Clocks will still be turned back for Ramadan, but 325# dates not yet announced.... 326# http://almogaz.com/news/weird-news/2015/04/05/1947105 ... 327# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-starts-dst-2015.html 328 329# From Ahmed Nazmy (2015-04-20): 330# Egypt's ministers cabinet just announced ... that it will cancel DST at 331# least for 2015. 332# 333# From Tim Parenti (2015-04-20): 334# http://english.ahram.org.eg/WriterArticles/NewsContentP/1/128195/Egypt/No-daylight-saving-this-summer-Egypts-prime-minist.aspx 335# "Egypt's cabinet agreed on Monday not to switch clocks for daylight saving 336# time this summer, and carry out studies on the possibility of canceling the 337# practice altogether in future years." 338# 339# From Paul Eggert (2015-04-24): 340# Yesterday the office of Egyptian President El-Sisi announced his 341# decision to abandon DST permanently. See Ahram Online 2015-04-24. 342# http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/128509/Egypt/Politics-/Sisi-cancels-daylight-saving-time-in-Egypt.aspx 343 344# From Steffen Thorsen (2016-04-29): 345# Egypt will have DST from July 7 until the end of October.... 346# http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContentP/1/204655/Egypt/Daylight-savings-time-returning-to-Egypt-on--July.aspx 347# From Mina Samuel (2016-07-04): 348# Egyptian government took the decision to cancel the DST, 349 350Rule Egypt 2008 only - Aug lastThu 24:00 0 - 351Rule Egypt 2009 only - Aug 20 24:00 0 - 352Rule Egypt 2010 only - Aug 10 24:00 0 - 353Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep 9 24:00 1:00 S 354Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 355Rule Egypt 2014 only - May 15 24:00 1:00 S 356Rule Egypt 2014 only - Jun 26 24:00 0 - 357Rule Egypt 2014 only - Jul 31 24:00 1:00 S 358Rule Egypt 2014 only - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 359 360# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 361Zone Africa/Cairo 2:05:09 - LMT 1900 Oct 362 2:00 Egypt EE%sT 363 364# Equatorial Guinea 365# See Africa/Lagos. 366 367# Eritrea 368# See Africa/Nairobi. 369 370# Eswatini (formerly Swaziland) 371# See Africa/Johannesburg. 372 373# Ethiopia 374# See Africa/Nairobi. 375# 376# Unfortunately tzdb records only Western clock time in use in Ethiopia, 377# as the tzdb format is not up to properly recording a common Ethiopian 378# timekeeping practice that is based on solar time. See: 379# Mortada D. If you have a meeting in Ethiopia, you'd better double 380# check the time. PRI's The World. 2015-01-30 15:15 -05. 381# https://www.pri.org/stories/2015-01-30/if-you-have-meeting-ethiopia-you-better-double-check-time 382 383# Gabon 384# See Africa/Lagos. 385 386# Gambia 387# See Africa/Abidjan. 388 389# Ghana 390 391# From Paul Eggert (2018-01-30): 392# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to "the present"; 393# Shanks & Pottenger say 1936 to 1942 with 20 minutes of DST, 394# with transitions on 09-01 and 12-31 at 00:00. 395# Page 33 of Parish GCB, Colonial Reports - Annual. No. 1066. Gold 396# Coast. Report for 1919. (March 1921), OCLC 784024077 397# http://libsysdigi.library.illinois.edu/ilharvest/africana/books2011-05/5530214/5530214_1919/5530214_1919_opt.pdf 398# lists the Determination of the Time Ordinance, 1919, No. 18, 399# "to advance the time observed locally by the space of twenty minutes 400# during the last four months of each year; the object in view being 401# to extend during those months the period of daylight-time available 402# for evening recreation after office hours." 403# Vanessa Ogle, The Global Transformation of Time, 1870-1950 (2015), p 33, 404# writes "In 1919, the Gold Coast (Ghana as of 1957) made Greenwich 405# time its legal time and simultaneously legalized a summer time of 406# UTC - 00:20 minutes from March to October."; a footnote lists 407# the ordinance as being dated 1919-11-24. 408# The Crown Colonist, Volume 12 (1942), p 176, says "the Government 409# intend advancing Gold Coast time half an hour ahead of G.M.T. 410# The actual date of the alteration has not yet been announced." 411# These sources are incomplete and contradictory. Possibly what is 412# now Ghana observed different DST regimes in different years. For 413# lack of better info, use Shanks except treat the minus sign as a 414# typo, and assume DST started in 1920 not 1936. 415# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 416Rule Ghana 1920 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 - 417Rule Ghana 1920 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 - 418# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 419Zone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918 420 0:00 Ghana GMT/+0020 421 422# Guinea 423# See Africa/Abidjan. 424 425# Guinea-Bissau 426# 427# From Paul Eggert (2018-02-16): 428# Shanks gives 1911-05-26 for the transition to WAT, 429# evidently confusing the date of the Portuguese decree 430# (see Europe/Lisbon) with the date that it took effect. 431# 432# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 433Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 1:00u 434 -1:00 - -01 1975 435 0:00 - GMT 436 437# Kenya 438# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 439Zone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul 440 3:00 - EAT 1930 441 2:30 - +0230 1940 442 2:45 - +0245 1960 443 3:00 - EAT 444Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Addis_Ababa # Ethiopia 445Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Asmara # Eritrea 446Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Dar_es_Salaam # Tanzania 447Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Djibouti 448Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Kampala # Uganda 449Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Mogadishu # Somalia 450Link Africa/Nairobi Indian/Antananarivo # Madagascar 451Link Africa/Nairobi Indian/Comoro 452Link Africa/Nairobi Indian/Mayotte 453 454# Lesotho 455# See Africa/Johannesburg. 456 457# Liberia 458# 459# From Paul Eggert (2017-03-02): 460# 461# The Nautical Almanac for the Year 1970, p 264, is the source for -0:44:30. 462# 463# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch from a UT offset 464# that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes. The 1972 change was on 465# 1972-01-07, according to an entry dated 1972-01-04 on p 330 of: 466# Presidential Papers: First year of the administration of 467# President William R. Tolbert, Jr., July 23, 1971-July 31, 1972. 468# Monrovia: Executive Mansion. 469# 470# Use the abbreviation "MMT" before 1972, as the more-accurate numeric 471# abbreviation "-004430" would be one byte over the POSIX limit. 472# 473# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 474Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882 475 -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time 476 -0:44:30 - MMT 1972 Jan 7 # approximately MMT 477 0:00 - GMT 478 479############################################################################### 480 481# Libya 482 483# From Even Scharning (2012-11-10): 484# Libya set their time one hour back at 02:00 on Saturday November 10. 485# https://www.libyaherald.com/2012/11/04/clocks-to-go-back-an-hour-on-saturday/ 486# Here is an official source [in Arabic]: http://ls.ly/fb6Yc 487# 488# Steffen Thorsen forwarded a translation (2012-11-10) in 489# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2012-November/018451.html 490# 491# From Tim Parenti (2012-11-11): 492# Treat the 2012-11-10 change as a zone change from UTC+2 to UTC+1. 493# The DST rules planned for 2013 and onward roughly mirror those of Europe 494# (either two days before them or five days after them, so as to fall on 495# lastFri instead of lastSun). 496 497# From Even Scharning (2013-10-25): 498# The scheduled end of DST in Libya on Friday, October 25, 2013 was 499# cancelled yesterday.... 500# https://www.libyaherald.com/2013/10/24/correction-no-time-change-tomorrow/ 501# 502# From Paul Eggert (2013-10-25): 503# For now, assume they're reverting to the pre-2012 rules of permanent UT +02. 504 505# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 506Rule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S 507Rule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 508Rule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S 509Rule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 510Rule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S 511Rule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 512Rule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 513Rule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 514Rule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S 515Rule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 516Rule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 517Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 518Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 519Rule Libya 1997 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 520Rule Libya 1997 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 521Rule Libya 2013 only - Mar lastFri 1:00 1:00 S 522Rule Libya 2013 only - Oct lastFri 2:00 0 - 523# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 524Zone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920 525 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959 526 2:00 - EET 1982 527 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4 528# The 1996 and 1997 entries are from Shanks & Pottenger; 529# the IATA SSIM data entries contain some obvious errors. 530 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30 531 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1997 Oct 4 532 2:00 - EET 2012 Nov 10 2:00 533 1:00 Libya CE%sT 2013 Oct 25 2:00 534 2:00 - EET 535 536# Madagascar 537# See Africa/Nairobi. 538 539# Malawi 540# See Africa/Maputo. 541 542# Mali 543# Mauritania 544# See Africa/Abidjan. 545 546# Mauritius 547 548# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-06-25): 549# Mauritius plans to observe DST from 2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31 on a trial 550# basis.... 551# It seems that Mauritius observed daylight saving time from 1982-10-10 to 552# 1983-03-20 as well, but that was not successful.... 553# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-daylight-saving-time.html 554 555# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-25): 556# http://economicdevelopment.gov.mu/portal/site/Mainhomepage/menuitem.a42b24128104d9845dabddd154508a0c/?content_id=0a7cee8b5d69a110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 557 558# From Arthur David Olson (2008-06-30): 559# The www.timeanddate.com article cited by Steffen Thorsen notes that "A 560# final decision has yet to be made on the times that daylight saving 561# would begin and end on these dates." As a place holder, use midnight. 562 563# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 564# Follow Thorsen on DST in 1982/1983, instead of Shanks & Pottenger. 565 566# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-07-10): 567# According to 568# http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216 569# (in French), Mauritius will start and end their DST a few days earlier 570# than previously announced (2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31). The new start 571# date is 2008-10-26 at 02:00 and the new end date is 2009-03-27 (no time 572# given, but it is probably at either 2 or 3 wall clock time). 573# 574# A little strange though, since the article says that they moved the date 575# to align itself with Europe and USA which also change time on that date, 576# but that means they have not paid attention to what happened in 577# USA/Canada last year (DST ends first Sunday in November). I also wonder 578# why that they end on a Friday, instead of aligning with Europe which 579# changes two days later. 580 581# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-07-11): 582# Seems that English language article "The revival of daylight saving 583# time: Energy conservation?"- No. 16578 (07/11/2008) was originally 584# published on Monday, June 30, 2008... 585# 586# I guess that article in French "Le gouvernement avance l'introduction 587# de l'heure d'��t��" stating that DST in Mauritius starting on October 26 588# and ending on March 27, 2009 is the most recent one.... 589# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html 590 591# From Riad M. Hossen Ally (2008-08-03): 592# The Government of Mauritius weblink 593# http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 594# Cabinet Decision of July 18th, 2008 states as follows: 595# 596# 4. ...Cabinet has agreed to the introduction into the National Assembly 597# of the Time Bill which provides for the introduction of summer time in 598# Mauritius. The summer time period which will be of one hour ahead of 599# the standard time, will be aligned with that in Europe and the United 600# States of America. It will start at two o'clock in the morning on the 601# last Sunday of October and will end at two o'clock in the morning on 602# the last Sunday of March the following year. The summer time for the 603# year 2008-2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008 604# and end on 29 March 2009. 605 606# From Ed Maste (2008-10-07): 607# THE TIME BILL (No. XXVII of 2008) Explanatory Memorandum states the 608# beginning / ending of summer time is 2 o'clock standard time in the 609# morning of the last Sunday of October / last Sunday of March. 610# http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf 611 612# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-05): 613# According to several sources, Mauritius will not continue to observe 614# DST the coming summer... 615# 616# Some sources, in French: 617# http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB 618# http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints- 619# 620# Our wrap-up: 621# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html 622 623# From Arthur David Olson (2009-07-11): 624# The "mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat" wrapup includes this: 625# "The trial ended on March 29, 2009, when the clocks moved back by one hour 626# at 2am (or 02:00) local time..." 627 628# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 629Rule Mauritius 1982 only - Oct 10 0:00 1:00 - 630Rule Mauritius 1983 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 - 631Rule Mauritius 2008 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 - 632Rule Mauritius 2009 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 - 633# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 634Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis 635 4:00 Mauritius +04/+05 636# Agalega Is, Rodriguez 637# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius 638 639# Mayotte 640# See Africa/Nairobi. 641 642# Morocco 643# See the 'europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta). 644 645# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 646# Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between 647# 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008. 648# 649# "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will 650# be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to 651# Communication Minister and Government Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...." 652# 653# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html 654# http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html 655 656# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 657# The Morocco time change can be confirmed on Morocco web site Maghreb Arabe 658# Presse: 659# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view 660# 661# Morocco shifts to daylight time on June 1st through September 27, Govt. 662# spokesman. 663 664# From Patrice Scattolin (2008-05-09): 665# According to this article: 666# https://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html 667# (and republished here: <http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html>) 668# the changes occur at midnight: 669# 670# Saturday night May 31st at midnight (which in French is to be 671# interpreted as the night between Saturday and Sunday) 672# Sunday night the 28th at midnight 673# 674# Seeing that the 28th is Monday, I am guessing that she intends to say 675# the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between Sunday and 676# Monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive 677# June 1st to Sept 27th. 678# 679# The decision was taken by decree *2-08-224 *but I can't find the decree 680# published on the web. 681# 682# It's also confirmed here: 683# http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm 684# on a government portal as being between June 1st and Sept 27th (not yet 685# posted in English). 686# 687# The following Google query will generate many relevant hits: 688# https://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search 689 690# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-27): 691# Morocco will change the clocks back on the midnight between August 31 692# and September 1. They originally planned to observe DST to near the end 693# of September: 694# 695# One article about it (in French): 696# http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default 697# 698# We have some further details posted here: 699# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html 700 701# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-17): 702# Morocco will observe DST from 2009-06-01 00:00 to 2009-08-21 00:00 according 703# to many sources, such as 704# http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html 705# http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312 706# (French) 707# 708# Our summary: 709# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html 710 711# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 712# Here is a link to official document from Royaume du Maroc Premier Ministre, 713# Minist��re de la Modernisation des Secteurs Publics 714# 715# Under Article 1 of Royal Decree No. 455-67 of Act 23 safar 1387 (2 June 1967) 716# concerning the amendment of the legal time, the Ministry of Modernization of 717# Public Sectors announced that the official time in the Kingdom will be 718# advanced 60 minutes from Sunday 31 May 2009 at midnight. 719# 720# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf 721# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html 722 723# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-04-13): 724# Several news media in Morocco report that the Ministry of Modernization 725# of Public Sectors has announced that Morocco will have DST from 726# 2010-05-02 to 2010-08-08. 727# 728# Example: 729# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html 730# (French) 731# Our page: 732# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html 733 734# From Dan Abitol (2011-03-30): 735# ...Rules for Africa/Casablanca are the following (24h format) 736# The 3rd April 2011 at 00:00:00, [it] will be 3rd April 01:00:00 737# The 31st July 2011 at 00:59:59, [it] will be 31st July 00:00:00 738# ...Official links of change in morocco 739# The change was broadcast on the FM Radio 740# I ve called ANRT (telecom regulations in Morocco) at 741# +212.537.71.84.00 742# http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/ 743# They said that 744# http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view 745# is the official publication to look at. 746# They said that the decision was already taken. 747# 748# More articles in the press 749# https://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-leve.html 750# http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923 751# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim 752 753# From Petr Machata (2011-03-30): 754# They have it written in English here: 755# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view 756# 757# It says there that "Morocco will resume its standard time on July 31, 758# 2011 at midnight." Now they don't say whether they mean midnight of 759# wall clock time (i.e. 11pm UTC), but that's what I would assume. It has 760# also been like that in the past. 761 762# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-03-09): 763# According to Infom��diaire web site from Morocco (infomediaire.ma), 764# on March 9, 2012, (in French) Heure l��gale: 765# Le Maroc adopte officiellement l'heure d'��t�� 766# http://www.infomediaire.ma/news/maroc/heure-l%C3%A9gale-le-maroc-adopte-officiellement-lheure-d%C3%A9t%C3%A9 767# Governing Council adopted draft decree, that Morocco DST starts on 768# the last Sunday of March (March 25, 2012) and ends on 769# last Sunday of September (September 30, 2012) 770# except the month of Ramadan. 771# or (brief) 772# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco06.html 773 774# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-10): 775# The infomediaire.ma source indicates that the system is to be in 776# effect every year. It gives 03H00 as the "fall back" time of day; 777# it lacks a "spring forward" time of day; assume 2:00 XXX. 778# Wait on specifying the Ramadan exception for details about 779# start date, start time of day, end date, and end time of day XXX. 780 781# From Christophe Tropamer (2012-03-16): 782# Seen Morocco change again: 783# http://www.le2uminutes.com/actualite.php 784# "...�� partir du dernier dimanche d'avril et non fins mars, 785# comme annonc�� pr��c��demment." 786 787# From Milamber Space Network (2012-07-17): 788# The official return to GMT is announced by the Moroccan government: 789# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288 [in French] 790# 791# Google translation, lightly edited: 792# Back to the standard time of the Kingdom (GMT) 793# Pursuant to Decree No. 2-12-126 issued on 26 Jumada (I) 1433 (April 18, 794# 2012) and in accordance with the order of Mr. President of the 795# Government No. 3-47-12 issued on 24 Sha'ban (11 July 2012), the Ministry 796# of Public Service and Administration Modernization announces the return 797# of the legal time of the Kingdom (GMT) from Friday, July 20, 2012 until 798# Monday, August 20, 2012. So the time will be delayed by 60 minutes from 799# 3:00 am Friday, July 20, 2012 and will again be advanced by 60 minutes 800# August 20, 2012 from 2:00 am. 801 802# From Paul Eggert (2013-03-06): 803# Morocco's daylight-saving transitions due to Ramadan seem to be 804# announced a bit in advance. On 2012-07-11 the Moroccan government 805# announced that year's Ramadan daylight-saving transitions would be 806# 2012-07-20 and 2012-08-20; see 807# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288 808 809# From Andrew Paprocki (2013-07-02): 810# Morocco announced that the year's Ramadan daylight-savings 811# transitions would be 2013-07-07 and 2013-08-10; see: 812# http://www.maroc.ma/en/news/morocco-suspends-daylight-saving-time-july-7-aug10 813 814# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-28): 815# Morocco extends DST by one month, on very short notice, just 1 day 816# before it was going to end. There is a new decree (2.13.781) for 817# this, where DST from now on goes from last Sunday of March at 02:00 818# to last Sunday of October at 03:00, similar to EU rules. Official 819# source (French): 820# http://www.maroc.gov.ma/fr/actualites/lhoraire-dete-gmt1-maintenu-jusquau-27-octobre-2013 821# Another source (specifying the time for start and end in the decree): 822# http://www.lemag.ma/Heure-d-ete-au-Maroc-jusqu-au-27-octobre_a75620.html 823 824# From Sebastien Willemijns (2014-03-18): 825# http://www.afriquinfos.com/articles/2014/3/18/maroc-heure-dete-avancez-tous-horloges-247891.asp 826 827# From Milamber Space Network (2014-06-05): 828# The Moroccan government has recently announced that the country will return 829# to standard time at 03:00 on Saturday, June 28, 2014 local time.... DST 830# will resume again at 02:00 on Saturday, August 2, 2014.... 831# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=586 832 833# From Milamber (2015-06-08): 834# (Google Translation) The hour will thus be delayed 60 minutes 835# Sunday, June 14 at 3:00, the ministry said in a statement, adding 836# that the time will be advanced again 60 minutes Sunday, July 19, 837# 2015 at 2:00. The move comes under 2.12.126 Decree of 26 Jumada I 838# 1433 (18 April 2012) and the decision of the Head of Government of 839# 16 N. 3-29-15 Chaaban 1435 (4 June 2015). 840# Source (french): 841# https://lnt.ma/le-maroc-reculera-dune-heure-le-dimanche-14-juin/ 842# 843# From Milamber (2015-06-09): 844# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=863 845# 846# From Michael Deckers (2015-06-09): 847# [The gov.ma announcement] would (probably) make the switch on 2015-07-19 go 848# from 03:00 to 04:00 rather than from 02:00 to 03:00, as in the patch.... 849# I think the patch is correct and the quoted text is wrong; the text in 850# <https://lnt.ma/le-maroc-reculera-dune-heure-le-dimanche-14-juin/> agrees 851# with the patch. 852 853# From Mohamed Essedik Najd (2018-10-26): 854# Today, a Moroccan government council approved the perpetual addition 855# of 60 minutes to the regular Moroccan timezone. 856# From Matt Johnson (2018-10-28): 857# http://www.sgg.gov.ma/Portals/1/BO/2018/BO_6720-bis_Ar.pdf 858# 859# From Maamar Abdelkader (2018-11-01): 860# We usually move clocks back the previous week end and come back to the +1 861# the week end after.... The government does not announce yet the decision 862# about this temporary change. But it s 99% sure that it will be the case, 863# as in previous years. An unofficial survey was done these days, showing 864# that 64% of asked people are ok for moving from +1 to +0 during Ramadan. 865# https://leconomiste.com/article/1035870-enquete-l-economiste-sunergia-64-des-marocains-plebiscitent-le-gmt-pendant-ramadan 866 867# From Naoufal Semlali (2019-04-16): 868# Morocco will be on GMT starting from Sunday, May 5th 2019 at 3am. 869# The switch to GMT+1 will occur on Sunday, June 9th 2019 at 2am.... 870# http://fr.le360.ma/societe/voici-la-date-du-retour-a-lheure-legale-au-maroc-188222 871 872# From Semlali Naoufal (2020-04-14): 873# Following the announcement by the Moroccan government, the switch to 874# GMT time will take place on Sunday, April 19, 2020 from 3 a.m. and 875# the return to GMT+1 time will take place on Sunday, May 31, 2020 at 2 a.m.... 876# https://maroc-diplomatique.net/maroc-le-retour-a-lheure-gmt-est-prevu-dimanche-prochain/ 877# http://aujourdhui.ma/actualite/gmt1-retour-a-lheure-normale-dimanche-prochain-1 878# 879# From Paul Eggert (2020-04-14): 880# For now, guess that in the future Morocco will fall back at 03:00 881# the last Sunday before Ramadan, and spring forward at 02:00 the 882# first Sunday after the day after Ramadan. To implement this, 883# transition dates for 2021 through 2087 were determined by running 884# the following program under GNU Emacs 26.3. 885# (let ((islamic-year 1442)) 886# (require 'cal-islam) 887# (while (< islamic-year 1511) 888# (let ((a (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year))) 889# (b (1+ (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year)))) 890# (sunday 0)) 891# (while (/= sunday (mod (setq a (1- a)) 7))) 892# (while (/= sunday (mod b 7)) 893# (setq b (1+ b))) 894# (setq a (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute a)) 895# (setq b (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute b)) 896# (insert 897# (format 898# (concat "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 3:00\t-1:00\t-\n" 899# "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 2:00\t0\t-\n") 900# (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a)) 901# (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b))))) 902# (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year)))) 903 904# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 905Rule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 - 906Rule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 - 907Rule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 - 908Rule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 - 909Rule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 - 910Rule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 - 911Rule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 - 912Rule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 913Rule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 - 914Rule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 915Rule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 - 916Rule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 917Rule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - 918Rule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 - 919Rule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - 920Rule Morocco 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 - 921Rule Morocco 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 922Rule Morocco 2009 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 - 923Rule Morocco 2009 only - Aug 21 0:00 0 - 924Rule Morocco 2010 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 - 925Rule Morocco 2010 only - Aug 8 0:00 0 - 926Rule Morocco 2011 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 - 927Rule Morocco 2011 only - Jul 31 0:00 0 - 928Rule Morocco 2012 2013 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 - 929Rule Morocco 2012 only - Jul 20 3:00 0 - 930Rule Morocco 2012 only - Aug 20 2:00 1:00 - 931Rule Morocco 2012 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 932Rule Morocco 2013 only - Jul 7 3:00 0 - 933Rule Morocco 2013 only - Aug 10 2:00 1:00 - 934Rule Morocco 2013 2018 - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 - 935Rule Morocco 2014 2018 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 - 936Rule Morocco 2014 only - Jun 28 3:00 0 - 937Rule Morocco 2014 only - Aug 2 2:00 1:00 - 938Rule Morocco 2015 only - Jun 14 3:00 0 - 939Rule Morocco 2015 only - Jul 19 2:00 1:00 - 940Rule Morocco 2016 only - Jun 5 3:00 0 - 941Rule Morocco 2016 only - Jul 10 2:00 1:00 - 942Rule Morocco 2017 only - May 21 3:00 0 - 943Rule Morocco 2017 only - Jul 2 2:00 1:00 - 944Rule Morocco 2018 only - May 13 3:00 0 - 945Rule Morocco 2018 only - Jun 17 2:00 1:00 - 946Rule Morocco 2019 only - May 5 3:00 -1:00 - 947Rule Morocco 2019 only - Jun 9 2:00 0 - 948Rule Morocco 2020 only - Apr 19 3:00 -1:00 - 949Rule Morocco 2020 only - May 31 2:00 0 - 950Rule Morocco 2021 only - Apr 11 3:00 -1:00 - 951Rule Morocco 2021 only - May 16 2:00 0 - 952Rule Morocco 2022 only - Mar 27 3:00 -1:00 - 953Rule Morocco 2022 only - May 8 2:00 0 - 954Rule Morocco 2023 only - Mar 19 3:00 -1:00 - 955Rule Morocco 2023 only - Apr 23 2:00 0 - 956Rule Morocco 2024 only - Mar 10 3:00 -1:00 - 957Rule Morocco 2024 only - Apr 14 2:00 0 - 958Rule Morocco 2025 only - Feb 23 3:00 -1:00 - 959Rule Morocco 2025 only - Apr 6 2:00 0 - 960Rule Morocco 2026 only - Feb 15 3:00 -1:00 - 961Rule Morocco 2026 only - Mar 22 2:00 0 - 962Rule Morocco 2027 only - Feb 7 3:00 -1:00 - 963Rule Morocco 2027 only - Mar 14 2:00 0 - 964Rule Morocco 2028 only - Jan 23 3:00 -1:00 - 965Rule Morocco 2028 only - Mar 5 2:00 0 - 966Rule Morocco 2029 only - Jan 14 3:00 -1:00 - 967Rule Morocco 2029 only - Feb 18 2:00 0 - 968Rule Morocco 2029 only - Dec 30 3:00 -1:00 - 969Rule Morocco 2030 only - Feb 10 2:00 0 - 970Rule Morocco 2030 only - Dec 22 3:00 -1:00 - 971Rule Morocco 2031 only - Jan 26 2:00 0 - 972Rule Morocco 2031 only - Dec 14 3:00 -1:00 - 973Rule Morocco 2032 only - Jan 18 2:00 0 - 974Rule Morocco 2032 only - Nov 28 3:00 -1:00 - 975Rule Morocco 2033 only - Jan 9 2:00 0 - 976Rule Morocco 2033 only - Nov 20 3:00 -1:00 - 977Rule Morocco 2033 only - Dec 25 2:00 0 - 978Rule Morocco 2034 only - Nov 5 3:00 -1:00 - 979Rule Morocco 2034 only - Dec 17 2:00 0 - 980Rule Morocco 2035 only - Oct 28 3:00 -1:00 - 981Rule Morocco 2035 only - Dec 9 2:00 0 - 982Rule Morocco 2036 only - Oct 19 3:00 -1:00 - 983Rule Morocco 2036 only - Nov 23 2:00 0 - 984Rule Morocco 2037 only - Oct 4 3:00 -1:00 - 985Rule Morocco 2037 only - Nov 15 2:00 0 - 986Rule Morocco 2038 only - Sep 26 3:00 -1:00 - 987Rule Morocco 2038 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 988Rule Morocco 2039 only - Sep 18 3:00 -1:00 - 989Rule Morocco 2039 only - Oct 23 2:00 0 - 990Rule Morocco 2040 only - Sep 2 3:00 -1:00 - 991Rule Morocco 2040 only - Oct 14 2:00 0 - 992Rule Morocco 2041 only - Aug 25 3:00 -1:00 - 993Rule Morocco 2041 only - Sep 29 2:00 0 - 994Rule Morocco 2042 only - Aug 10 3:00 -1:00 - 995Rule Morocco 2042 only - Sep 21 2:00 0 - 996Rule Morocco 2043 only - Aug 2 3:00 -1:00 - 997Rule Morocco 2043 only - Sep 13 2:00 0 - 998Rule Morocco 2044 only - Jul 24 3:00 -1:00 - 999Rule Morocco 2044 only - Aug 28 2:00 0 - 1000Rule Morocco 2045 only - Jul 9 3:00 -1:00 - 1001Rule Morocco 2045 only - Aug 20 2:00 0 - 1002Rule Morocco 2046 only - Jul 1 3:00 -1:00 - 1003Rule Morocco 2046 only - Aug 5 2:00 0 - 1004Rule Morocco 2047 only - Jun 23 3:00 -1:00 - 1005Rule Morocco 2047 only - Jul 28 2:00 0 - 1006Rule Morocco 2048 only - Jun 7 3:00 -1:00 - 1007Rule Morocco 2048 only - Jul 19 2:00 0 - 1008Rule Morocco 2049 only - May 30 3:00 -1:00 - 1009Rule Morocco 2049 only - Jul 4 2:00 0 - 1010Rule Morocco 2050 only - May 15 3:00 -1:00 - 1011Rule Morocco 2050 only - Jun 26 2:00 0 - 1012Rule Morocco 2051 only - May 7 3:00 -1:00 - 1013Rule Morocco 2051 only - Jun 18 2:00 0 - 1014Rule Morocco 2052 only - Apr 28 3:00 -1:00 - 1015Rule Morocco 2052 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 - 1016Rule Morocco 2053 only - Apr 13 3:00 -1:00 - 1017Rule Morocco 2053 only - May 25 2:00 0 - 1018Rule Morocco 2054 only - Apr 5 3:00 -1:00 - 1019Rule Morocco 2054 only - May 10 2:00 0 - 1020Rule Morocco 2055 only - Mar 28 3:00 -1:00 - 1021Rule Morocco 2055 only - May 2 2:00 0 - 1022Rule Morocco 2056 only - Mar 12 3:00 -1:00 - 1023Rule Morocco 2056 only - Apr 23 2:00 0 - 1024Rule Morocco 2057 only - Mar 4 3:00 -1:00 - 1025Rule Morocco 2057 only - Apr 8 2:00 0 - 1026Rule Morocco 2058 only - Feb 17 3:00 -1:00 - 1027Rule Morocco 2058 only - Mar 31 2:00 0 - 1028Rule Morocco 2059 only - Feb 9 3:00 -1:00 - 1029Rule Morocco 2059 only - Mar 23 2:00 0 - 1030Rule Morocco 2060 only - Feb 1 3:00 -1:00 - 1031Rule Morocco 2060 only - Mar 7 2:00 0 - 1032Rule Morocco 2061 only - Jan 16 3:00 -1:00 - 1033Rule Morocco 2061 only - Feb 27 2:00 0 - 1034Rule Morocco 2062 only - Jan 8 3:00 -1:00 - 1035Rule Morocco 2062 only - Feb 12 2:00 0 - 1036Rule Morocco 2062 only - Dec 31 3:00 -1:00 - 1037Rule Morocco 2063 only - Feb 4 2:00 0 - 1038Rule Morocco 2063 only - Dec 16 3:00 -1:00 - 1039Rule Morocco 2064 only - Jan 27 2:00 0 - 1040Rule Morocco 2064 only - Dec 7 3:00 -1:00 - 1041Rule Morocco 2065 only - Jan 11 2:00 0 - 1042Rule Morocco 2065 only - Nov 22 3:00 -1:00 - 1043Rule Morocco 2066 only - Jan 3 2:00 0 - 1044Rule Morocco 2066 only - Nov 14 3:00 -1:00 - 1045Rule Morocco 2066 only - Dec 26 2:00 0 - 1046Rule Morocco 2067 only - Nov 6 3:00 -1:00 - 1047Rule Morocco 2067 only - Dec 11 2:00 0 - 1048Rule Morocco 2068 only - Oct 21 3:00 -1:00 - 1049Rule Morocco 2068 only - Dec 2 2:00 0 - 1050Rule Morocco 2069 only - Oct 13 3:00 -1:00 - 1051Rule Morocco 2069 only - Nov 17 2:00 0 - 1052Rule Morocco 2070 only - Oct 5 3:00 -1:00 - 1053Rule Morocco 2070 only - Nov 9 2:00 0 - 1054Rule Morocco 2071 only - Sep 20 3:00 -1:00 - 1055Rule Morocco 2071 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 - 1056Rule Morocco 2072 only - Sep 11 3:00 -1:00 - 1057Rule Morocco 2072 only - Oct 16 2:00 0 - 1058Rule Morocco 2073 only - Aug 27 3:00 -1:00 - 1059Rule Morocco 2073 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - 1060Rule Morocco 2074 only - Aug 19 3:00 -1:00 - 1061Rule Morocco 2074 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 1062Rule Morocco 2075 only - Aug 11 3:00 -1:00 - 1063Rule Morocco 2075 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 - 1064Rule Morocco 2076 only - Jul 26 3:00 -1:00 - 1065Rule Morocco 2076 only - Sep 6 2:00 0 - 1066Rule Morocco 2077 only - Jul 18 3:00 -1:00 - 1067Rule Morocco 2077 only - Aug 22 2:00 0 - 1068Rule Morocco 2078 only - Jul 10 3:00 -1:00 - 1069Rule Morocco 2078 only - Aug 14 2:00 0 - 1070Rule Morocco 2079 only - Jun 25 3:00 -1:00 - 1071Rule Morocco 2079 only - Aug 6 2:00 0 - 1072Rule Morocco 2080 only - Jun 16 3:00 -1:00 - 1073Rule Morocco 2080 only - Jul 21 2:00 0 - 1074Rule Morocco 2081 only - Jun 1 3:00 -1:00 - 1075Rule Morocco 2081 only - Jul 13 2:00 0 - 1076Rule Morocco 2082 only - May 24 3:00 -1:00 - 1077Rule Morocco 2082 only - Jun 28 2:00 0 - 1078Rule Morocco 2083 only - May 16 3:00 -1:00 - 1079Rule Morocco 2083 only - Jun 20 2:00 0 - 1080Rule Morocco 2084 only - Apr 30 3:00 -1:00 - 1081Rule Morocco 2084 only - Jun 11 2:00 0 - 1082Rule Morocco 2085 only - Apr 22 3:00 -1:00 - 1083Rule Morocco 2085 only - May 27 2:00 0 - 1084Rule Morocco 2086 only - Apr 14 3:00 -1:00 - 1085Rule Morocco 2086 only - May 19 2:00 0 - 1086Rule Morocco 2087 only - Mar 30 3:00 -1:00 - 1087Rule Morocco 2087 only - May 11 2:00 0 - 1088# For dates after the somewhat-arbitrary cutoff of 2087, assume that 1089# Morocco will no longer observe DST. At some point this table will 1090# need to be extended, though quite possibly Morocco will change the 1091# rules first. 1092 1093# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1094Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26 1095 0:00 Morocco +00/+01 1984 Mar 16 1096 1:00 - +01 1986 1097 0:00 Morocco +00/+01 2018 Oct 28 3:00 1098 1:00 Morocco +01/+00 1099 1100# Western Sahara 1101# 1102# From Gwillim Law (2013-10-22): 1103# A correspondent who is usually well informed about time zone matters 1104# ... says that Western Sahara observes daylight saving time, just as 1105# Morocco does. 1106# 1107# From Paul Eggert (2013-10-23): 1108# Assume that this has been true since Western Sahara switched to GMT, 1109# since most of it was then controlled by Morocco. 1110 1111Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan # El Aai��n 1112 -1:00 - -01 1976 Apr 14 1113 0:00 Morocco +00/+01 2018 Oct 28 3:00 1114 1:00 Morocco +01/+00 1115 1116# Mozambique 1117# 1118# Shanks gives 1903-03-01 for the transition to CAT. 1119# Perhaps the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree 1120# https://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf 1121# merely made it official? 1122# 1123# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1124Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar 1125 2:00 - CAT 1126Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Blantyre # Malawi 1127Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Bujumbura # Burundi 1128Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Gaborone # Botswana 1129Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Harare # Zimbabwe 1130Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Kigali # Rwanda 1131Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Lubumbashi # E Dem. Rep. of Congo 1132Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Lusaka # Zambia 1133 1134 1135# Namibia 1136 1137# From Arthur David Olson (2017-08-09): 1138# The text of the "Namibia Time Act, 1994" is available online at 1139# www.lac.org.na/laws/1994/811.pdf 1140# and includes this nugget: 1141# Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (2) of section 1, the 1142# first winter period after the commencement of this Act shall 1143# commence at OOhOO on Monday 21 March 1994 and shall end at 02h00 on 1144# Sunday 4 September 1994. 1145 1146# From Michael Deckers (2017-04-06): 1147# ... both summer and winter time are called "standard" 1148# (which differs from the use in Ireland) ... 1149 1150# From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30): 1151# http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html 1152# While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other 1153# settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there 1154# rises and sets earlier compared to other regions. Chief of 1155# Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of 1156# the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest 1157# of the country. 1158# 1159# From Paul Eggert (2017-02-22): 1160# Although the Zambezi Region (formerly known as Caprivi) informally 1161# observes Botswana time, we have no details about historical practice. 1162# In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone. 1163# See: Immanuel S. The Namibian. 2017-02-23. 1164# https://www.namibian.com.na/51480/read/Time-change-divides-lawmakers 1165 1166# From Steffen Thorsen (2017-08-09): 1167# Namibia is going to change their time zone to what is now their DST: 1168# https://www.newera.com.na/2017/02/23/namibias-winter-time-might-be-repealed/ 1169# This video is from the government decision: 1170# https://www.nbc.na/news/na-passes-namibia-time-bill-repealing-1994-namibia-time-act.8665 1171# We have made the assumption so far that they will change their time zone at 1172# the same time they would normally start DST, the first Sunday in September: 1173# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/namibia-new-time-zone.html 1174 1175# From Paul Eggert (2017-04-09): 1176# Before the change, summer and winter time were both standard time legally. 1177# However in common parlance, winter time was considered to be DST. See, e.g.: 1178# http://www.nbc.na/news/namibias-winter-time-could-be-scrapped.2706 1179# https://zone.my.na/news/times-are-changing-in-namibia 1180# https://www.newera.com.na/2017/02/23/namibias-winter-time-might-be-repealed/ 1181# Use plain "WAT" and "CAT" for the time zone abbreviations, to be compatible 1182# with Namibia's neighbors. 1183 1184# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1185# Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST. 1186Rule Namibia 1994 only - Mar 21 0:00 -1:00 WAT 1187Rule Namibia 1994 2017 - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 0 CAT 1188Rule Namibia 1995 2017 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 -1:00 WAT 1189# Rearguard section, for parsers lacking negative DST; see ziguard.awk. 1190#Rule Namibia 1994 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 WAT 1191#Rule Namibia 1994 2017 - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 CAT 1192#Rule Namibia 1995 2017 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 WAT 1193# End of rearguard section. 1194 1195# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1196Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 1197 1:30 - +0130 1903 Mar 1198 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00 1199 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00 1200 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence 1201# Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST. 1202 2:00 Namibia %s 1203# Rearguard section, for parsers lacking negative DST; see ziguard.awk. 1204# 2:00 - CAT 1994 Mar 21 0:00 1205# From Paul Eggert (2017-04-07): 1206# The official date of the 2017 rule change was 2017-10-24. See: 1207# http://www.lac.org.na/laws/annoSTAT/Namibian%20Time%20Act%209%20of%202017.pdf 1208# 1:00 Namibia %s 2017 Oct 24 1209# 2:00 - CAT 1210# End of rearguard section. 1211 1212# Niger 1213# See Africa/Lagos. 1214 1215# Nigeria 1216# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1217Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep 1218 1:00 - WAT 1219Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Bangui # Central African Republic 1220Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Brazzaville # Rep. of the Congo 1221Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Douala # Cameroon 1222Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Kinshasa # Dem. Rep. of the Congo (west) 1223Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Libreville # Gabon 1224Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Luanda # Angola 1225Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Malabo # Equatorial Guinea 1226Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Niamey # Niger 1227Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Porto-Novo # Benin 1228 1229# R��union 1230# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1231Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis 1232 4:00 - +04 1233# 1234# Crozet Islands also observes R��union time; see the 'antarctica' file. 1235# 1236# Scattered Islands (��les ��parses) administered from R��union are as follows. 1237# The following information about them is taken from 1238# ��les ��parses (<http://www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm>, 1997-07-22, 1239# in French; no longer available as of 1999-08-17). 1240# We have no info about their time zone histories. 1241# 1242# Bassas da India - uninhabited 1243# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families 1244# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958 1245# Juan de Nova - uninhabited 1246# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958 1247 1248# Rwanda 1249# See Africa/Maputo. 1250 1251# St Helena 1252# See Africa/Abidjan. 1253# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar: 1254# Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA 1255# Ascension: on GMT, say the USNO (1995-12-21) and the CIA 1256# Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously): 1257# on GMT, says the CIA 1258# Inaccessible, Nightingale: uninhabited 1259 1260# S��o Tom�� and Pr��ncipe 1261 1262# See Europe/Lisbon for info about the 1912 transition. 1263 1264# From Steffen Thorsen (2018-01-08): 1265# Multiple sources tell that S��o Tom�� changed from UTC to UTC+1 as 1266# they entered the year 2018. 1267# From Michael Deckers (2018-01-08): 1268# the switch is from 01:00 to 02:00 ... [Decree No. 25/2017] 1269# http://www.mnec.gov.st/index.php/publicacoes/documentos/file/90-decreto-lei-n-25-2017 1270 1271# From Vadim Nasardinov (2018-12-29): 1272# S��o Tom�� and Pr��ncipe is about to do the following on Jan 1, 2019: 1273# https://www.stp-press.st/2018/12/05/governo-jesus-ja-decidiu-repor-hora-legal-sao-tomense/ 1274# 1275# From Michael Deckers (2018-12-30): 1276# https://www.legis-palop.org/download.jsp?idFile=102818 1277# ... [The legal time of the country, which coincides with universal 1278# coordinated time, will be restituted at 2 o'clock on day 1 of January, 2019.] 1279 1280Zone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884 1281 -0:36:45 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 00:00u # Lisbon MT 1282 0:00 - GMT 2018 Jan 1 01:00 1283 1:00 - WAT 2019 Jan 1 02:00 1284 0:00 - GMT 1285 1286# Senegal 1287# See Africa/Abidjan. 1288 1289# Seychelles 1290# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1291Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria 1292 4:00 - +04 1293# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30): 1294# Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the 1295# Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory 1296# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know 1297# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now. 1298# Possibly the islands were uninhabited. 1299 1300# Sierra Leone 1301# See Africa/Abidjan. 1302 1303# Somalia 1304# See Africa/Nairobi. 1305 1306# South Africa 1307# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1308Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 - 1309Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - 1310# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1311Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 1312 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar 1313 2:00 SA SAST 1314Link Africa/Johannesburg Africa/Maseru # Lesotho 1315Link Africa/Johannesburg Africa/Mbabane # Eswatini 1316# 1317# Marion and Prince Edward Is 1318# scientific station since 1947 1319# no information 1320 1321# Sudan 1322 1323# From <http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html> 1324# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13), 1325# also reported by Micha��l De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen: 1326# Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon 1327# Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for 1328# Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin. 1329 1330# From Ahmed Atyya, National Telecommunications Corp. (NTC), Sudan (2017-10-17): 1331# ... the Republic of Sudan is going to change the time zone from (GMT+3:00) 1332# to (GMT+ 2:00) starting from Wednesday 1 November 2017. 1333# 1334# From Paul Eggert (2017-10-18): 1335# A scanned copy (in Arabic) of Cabinet Resolution No. 352 for the 1336# year 2017 can be found as an attachment in email today from Yahia 1337# Abdalla of NTC, archived at: 1338# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2017-October/025333.html 1339 1340# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1341Rule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1342Rule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 - 1343Rule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1344Rule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1345# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1346Zone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931 1347 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 1348 3:00 - EAT 2017 Nov 1 1349 2:00 - CAT 1350 1351# South Sudan 1352# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1353Zone Africa/Juba 2:06:28 - LMT 1931 1354 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 1355 3:00 - EAT 1356 1357# Tanzania 1358# See Africa/Nairobi. 1359 1360# Togo 1361# See Africa/Abidjan. 1362 1363# Tunisia 1364 1365# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30): 1366# My correspondent, Risto Nyk��nen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST, 1367# this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News 1368# <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP 1369# and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by 1370# one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be 1371# UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next 1372# Saturday." (My translation) 1373# 1374# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02): 1375# La Presse, the first national daily newspaper ... 1376# http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html 1377# ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30, 1378# 1h standard time. 1379# 1380# From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28): 1381# The daylight saving time will be the same each year: 1382# Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00 1383# Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ... 1384# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50 1385 1386# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-16): 1387# According to several news sources, Tunisia will not observe DST this year. 1388# (Arabic) 1389# http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546 1390# https://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp 1391# 1392# We have also confirmed this with the US embassy in Tunisia. 1393# We have a wrap-up about this on the following page: 1394# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html 1395 1396# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 1397# Here is a link to Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency 1398# 1399# Standard time to be kept the whole year long (tap.info.tn): 1400# 1401# (in English) 1402# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157 1403# 1404# (in Arabic) 1405# http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1 1406 1407# From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-18): 1408# The Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency notice contains this: "This measure is 1409# due to the fact that the fasting month of Ramadan coincides with the period 1410# concerned by summer time. Therefore, the standard time will be kept 1411# unchanged the whole year long." So foregoing DST seems to be an exception 1412# (albeit one that may be repeated in the future). 1413 1414# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-27): 1415# According to some news reports Tunis confirmed not to use DST in 2010 1416# 1417# (translation): 1418# "The Tunisian government has decided to abandon DST, which was scheduled on 1419# Sunday... 1420# Tunisian authorities had suspended the DST for the first time last year also 1421# coincided with the month of Ramadan..." 1422# 1423# (in Arabic) 1424# http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1 1425# http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036 1426# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html 1427 1428# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1429Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S 1430Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - 1431Rule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S 1432Rule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - 1433Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S 1434Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - 1435Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S 1436Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 - 1437Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S 1438Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 1439Rule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 1440Rule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 1441Rule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 1442Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S 1443Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 - 1444Rule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1445Rule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - 1446Rule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1447Rule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - 1448Rule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S 1449Rule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1450Rule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1451Rule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 - 1452Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 1453Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 1454 1455# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's 1456# more precise 0:09:21. 1457# Shanks & Pottenger say the 1911 switch was on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11. 1458# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1459Zone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12 1460 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 1461 1:00 Tunisia CE%sT 1462 1463# Uganda 1464# See Africa/Nairobi. 1465 1466# Zambia 1467# Zimbabwe 1468# See Africa/Maputo. 1469