africa revision 1.28
1# $OpenBSD: africa,v 1.28 2009/05/27 13:07:46 millert Exp $ 2# <pre> 3# @(#)africa 8.21 4# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 5# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 6 7# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 8# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 9# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 10 11# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 12# 13# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 14# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 15# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 16# 17# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 18# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 19# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 20# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 21# of the IATA's data after 1990. 22# 23# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 24# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 25# 26# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 27# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 28# I found in the UCLA library. 29# 30# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 31# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 32# 33# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT 34# for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively, 35# but Mark R V Murray reports that 36# `SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa, 37# `CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and 38# `WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for 39# the area that includes Nigeria is ``West Africa''. 40# He has heard of ``Western Sahara Time'' for +0:00 but can find no reference. 41# 42# To make things confusing, `WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago; 43# I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00, 44# and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00. 45# This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African 46# mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara. 47# 48# To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency: 49# -1:00 WAT West Africa Time (no longer used) 50# 0:00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time 51# 2:00 CAT Central Africa Time 52# 2:00 SAST South Africa Standard Time 53# and Murray suggests the following abbreviation: 54# 1:00 WAT West Africa Time 55# I realize that this leads to `WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00 56# for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of 57# until we get more information. 58# 59# I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome! 60# 2:00 WAST West Africa Summer Time 61# 2:30 BEAT British East Africa Time (no longer used) 62# 2:44:45 BEAUT British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used) 63# 3:00 CAST Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 64# 3:00 SAST South Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 65# 3:00 EAT East Africa Time 66# 4:00 EAST East Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 67 68# Algeria 69# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 70Rule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S 71Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - 72Rule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S 73Rule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S 74Rule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S 75Rule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S 76Rule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - 77Rule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S 78Rule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 - 79Rule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S 80Rule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 - 81Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 82Rule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - 83Rule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 - 84Rule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S 85Rule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 - 86Rule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S 87Rule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 - 88Rule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S 89Rule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 - 90Rule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S 91Rule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 92# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's 93# more precise 0:09:21. 94# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 95Zone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 96 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 97 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00 98 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7 99 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29 100 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14 101 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21 102 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26 103 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May 104 1:00 - CET 105 106# Angola 107# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 108Zone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892 109 0:52:04 - AOT 1911 May 26 # Angola Time 110 1:00 - WAT 111 112# Benin 113# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934; 114# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 115# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 116Zone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912 117 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 118 1:00 - WAT 119 120# Botswana 121# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 122Zone Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 - LMT 1885 123 2:00 - CAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00 124 2:00 1:00 CAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 125 2:00 - CAT 126 127# Burkina Faso 128# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 129Zone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 - LMT 1912 130 0:00 - GMT 131 132# Burundi 133# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 134Zone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890 135 2:00 - CAT 136 137# Cameroon 138# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 139# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 140Zone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912 141 1:00 - WAT 142 143# Cape Verde 144# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 145Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia 146 -2:00 - CVT 1942 Sep 147 -2:00 1:00 CVST 1945 Oct 15 148 -2:00 - CVT 1975 Nov 25 2:00 149 -1:00 - CVT 150 151# Central African Republic 152# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 153Zone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912 154 1:00 - WAT 155 156# Chad 157# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 158Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 159 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14 160 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8 161 1:00 - WAT 162 163# Comoros 164# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 165Zone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro 166 3:00 - EAT 167 168# Democratic Republic of Congo 169# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 170Zone Africa/Kinshasa 1:01:12 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 171 1:00 - WAT 172Zone Africa/Lubumbashi 1:49:52 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 173 2:00 - CAT 174 175# Republic of the Congo 176# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 177Zone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912 178 1:00 - WAT 179 180# Cote D'Ivoire 181# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 182Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912 183 0:00 - GMT 184 185# Djibouti 186# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 187Zone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 188 3:00 - EAT 189 190############################################################################### 191 192# Egypt 193 194# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 195Rule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S 196Rule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 197Rule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 198Rule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 199Rule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 200Rule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 - 201Rule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 202Rule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S 203Rule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 204Rule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 205Rule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 206Rule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 207Rule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 208Rule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 209Rule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S 210Rule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S 211Rule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 212Rule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S 213Rule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 214# IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00. 215# Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29. 216Rule Egypt 1995 max - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S 217Rule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 - 218# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19): 219# The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports: 220# Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday 221# after observing the daylight saving time since May. 222# http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf 223Rule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 23:00s 0 - 224# From Dirk Losch (2007-08-14): 225# I received a mail from an airline which says that the daylight 226# saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07. 227# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:] 228# http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm 229# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53 230# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-04): The official information...: 231# http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001580.htm 232Rule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 23:00s 0 - 233# From Abdelrahman Hassan (2007-09-06): 234# Due to the Hijri (lunar Islamic calendar) year being 11 days shorter 235# than the year of the Gregorian calendar, Ramadan shifts earlier each 236# year. This year it will be observed September 13 (September is quite 237# hot in Egypt), and the idea is to make fasting easier for workers by 238# shifting business hours one hour out of daytime heat. Consequently, 239# unless discontinued, next DST may end Thursday 28 August 2008. 240# From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17): 241# For lack of better info, assume the new rule is last Thursday in August. 242 243# From Petr Machata (2009-04-06): 244# The following appeared in Red Hat bugzilla[1] (edited): 245# 246# > $ zdump -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo | grep 2009 247# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 21:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 248# Apr 23 249# > 23:59:59 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 250# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 22:00:00 2009 UTC = Fri = 251# Apr 24 252# > 01:00:00 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 253# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 20:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 254# Aug 27 255# > 23:59:59 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 256# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 21:00:00 2009 UTC = Thu = 257# Aug 27 258# > 23:00:00 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 259# 260# > end date should be Thu Sep 24 2009 (Last Thursday in September at 23:59= 261# :59) 262# > http://support.microsoft.com/kb/958729/ 263# 264# timeanddate[2] and another site I've found[3] also support that. 265# 266# [1] <a href="https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263"> 267# https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263 268# </a> 269# [2] <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53"> 270# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53 271# </a> 272# [3] <a href="http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/"> 273# http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/ 274# </a> 275 276# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-20): 277# In 2009 (and for the next several years), Ramadan ends before the fourth 278# Thursday in September; Egypt is expected to revert to the last Thursday 279# in September. 280Rule Egypt 2008 only - Aug lastThu 23:00s 0 - 281Rule Egypt 2009 max - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 - 282 283# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 284Zone Africa/Cairo 2:05:00 - LMT 1900 Oct 285 2:00 Egypt EE%sT 286 287# Equatorial Guinea 288# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 289Zone Africa/Malabo 0:35:08 - LMT 1912 290 0:00 - GMT 1963 Dec 15 291 1:00 - WAT 292 293# Eritrea 294# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 295Zone Africa/Asmara 2:35:32 - LMT 1870 296 2:35:32 - AMT 1890 # Asmara Mean Time 297 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 298 3:00 - EAT 299 300# Ethiopia 301# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 302# Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones 303# between 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890. 304# We'll guess that 38E50 is for Adis Dera. 305# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 306Zone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870 307 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 308 3:00 - EAT 309 310# Gabon 311# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 312Zone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912 313 1:00 - WAT 314 315# Gambia 316# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 317Zone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912 318 -1:06:36 - BMT 1935 # Banjul Mean Time 319 -1:00 - WAT 1964 320 0:00 - GMT 321 322# Ghana 323# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 324# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present''; 325# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 326Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST 327Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT 328# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 329Zone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918 330 0:00 Ghana %s 331 332# Guinea 333# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 334Zone Africa/Conakry -0:54:52 - LMT 1912 335 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 336 -1:00 - WAT 1960 337 0:00 - GMT 338 339# Guinea-Bissau 340# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 341Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1911 May 26 342 -1:00 - WAT 1975 343 0:00 - GMT 344 345# Kenya 346# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 347Zone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul 348 3:00 - EAT 1930 349 2:30 - BEAT 1940 350 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1960 351 3:00 - EAT 352 353# Lesotho 354# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 355Zone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 356 2:00 - SAST 1943 Sep 19 2:00 357 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 358 2:00 - SAST 359 360# Liberia 361# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 362# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch 363# from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes. 364# Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday. 365# Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan; 366# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 367# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and 368# Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure. 369# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 370Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882 371 -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time 372 -0:44:30 - LRT 1972 May # Liberia Time 373 0:00 - GMT 374 375############################################################################### 376 377# Libya 378 379# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 380Rule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S 381Rule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 382Rule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S 383Rule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 384Rule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S 385Rule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 386Rule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 387Rule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 388Rule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S 389Rule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 390Rule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 391Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 392Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 393# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 394Zone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920 395 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959 396 2:00 - EET 1982 397 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4 398# The following entries are from Shanks & Pottenger; 399# the IATA SSIM data contain some obvious errors. 400 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30 401 1:00 - CET 1997 Apr 4 402 1:00 1:00 CEST 1997 Oct 4 403 2:00 - EET 404 405# Madagascar 406# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 407Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul 408 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s 409 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s 410 3:00 - EAT 411 412# Malawi 413# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 414Zone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 415 2:00 - CAT 416 417# Mali 418# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 419Zone Africa/Bamako -0:32:00 - LMT 1912 420 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 421 -1:00 - WAT 1960 Jun 20 422 0:00 - GMT 423 424# Mauritania 425# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 426Zone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912 427 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 428 -1:00 - WAT 1960 Nov 28 429 0:00 - GMT 430 431# Mauritius 432 433# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-06-25): 434# Mauritius plans to observe DST from 2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31 on a trial 435# basis.... 436# It seems that Mauritius observed daylight saving time from 1982-10-10 to 437# 1983-03-20 as well, but that was not successful.... 438# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-daylight-saving-time.html 439 440# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-25): 441# http://economicdevelopment.gov.mu/portal/site/Mainhomepage/menuitem.a42b24128104d9845dabddd154508a0c/?content_id=0a7cee8b5d69a110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 442 443# From Arthur David Olson (2008-06-30): 444# The www.timeanddate.com article cited by Steffen Thorsen notes that "A 445# final decision has yet to be made on the times that daylight saving 446# would begin and end on these dates." As a place holder, use midnight. 447 448# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 449# Follow Thorsen on DST in 1982/1983, instead of Shanks & Pottenger. 450 451# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-07-10): 452# According to 453# <a href="http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216"> 454# http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216 455# </a> 456# (in French), Mauritius will start and end their DST a few days earlier 457# than previously announced (2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31). The new start 458# date is 2008-10-26 at 02:00 and the new end date is 2009-03-27 (no time 459# given, but it is probably at either 2 or 3 wall clock time). 460# 461# A little strange though, since the article says that they moved the date 462# to align itself with Europe and USA which also change time on that date, 463# but that means they have not paid attention to what happened in 464# USA/Canada last year (DST ends first Sunday in November). I also wonder 465# why that they end on a Friday, instead of aligning with Europe which 466# changes two days later. 467 468# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-07-11): 469# Seems that English language article "The revival of daylight saving 470# time: Energy conservation?"-# No. 16578 (07/11/2008) was originally 471# published on Monday, June 30, 2008... 472# 473# I guess that article in French "Le gouvernement avance l'introduction 474# de l'heure d'ete" stating that DST in Mauritius starting on October 26 475# and ending on March 27, 2009 is the most recent one. 476# ... 477# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html"> 478# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html 479# </a> 480 481# From Riad M. Hossen Ally (2008-08-03): 482# The Government of Mauritius weblink 483# <a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD"> 484# http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 485# </a> 486# Cabinet Decision of July 18th, 2008 states as follows: 487# 488# 4. ...Cabinet has agreed to the introduction into the National Assembly 489# of the Time Bill which provides for the introduction of summer time in 490# Mauritius. The summer time period which will be of one hour ahead of 491# the standard time, will be aligned with that in Europe and the United 492# States of America. It will start at two o'clock in the morning on the 493# last Sunday of October and will end at two o'clock in the morning on 494# the last Sunday of March the following year. The summer time for the 495# year 2008 - 2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008 496# and end on 29 March 2009. 497 498# From Ed Maste (2008-10-07): 499# THE TIME BILL (No. XXVII of 2008) Explanatory Memorandum states the 500# beginning / ending of summer time is 2 o'clock standard time in the 501# morning of the last Sunday of October / last Sunday of March. 502# <a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf"> 503# http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf 504# </a> 505 506# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 507Rule Mauritius 1982 only - Oct 10 0:00 1:00 S 508Rule Mauritius 1983 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 - 509Rule Mauritius 2008 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 510Rule Mauritius 2009 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 - 511# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 512Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis 513 4:00 Mauritius MU%sT # Mauritius Time 514# Agalega Is, Rodriguez 515# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius 516 517# Mayotte 518# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 519Zone Indian/Mayotte 3:00:56 - LMT 1911 Jul # Mamoutzou 520 3:00 - EAT 521 522# Morocco 523# See the `europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta). 524 525# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 526# Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between 527# 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008. 528# 529# "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will 530# be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to 531# Communication Minister and Gov ernment Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...." 532# 533# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html"> 534# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html 535# </a> 536# OR 537# <a href="http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html"> 538# http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html 539# </a> 540 541# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 542# The Morocco time change can be confirmed on Morocco web site Maghreb Arabe Presse: 543# <a href="http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view"> 544# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view 545# </a> 546# 547# Morocco shifts to daylight time on June 1st through September 27, Govt. 548# spokesman. 549 550# From Patrice Scattolin (2008-05-09): 551# According to this article: 552# <a href="http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html"> 553# http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html 554# </a> 555# (and republished here: 556# <a href="http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html"> 557# http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html 558# </a> 559# ) 560# the changes occurs at midnight: 561# 562# saturday night may 31st at midnight (which in french is to be 563# intrepreted as the night between saturday and sunday) 564# sunday night the 28th at midnight 565# 566# Seeing that the 28th is monday, I am guessing that she intends to say 567# the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between sunday and 568# monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive 569# june1st to sept 27th. 570# 571# The decision was taken by decree *2-08-224 *but I can't find the decree 572# published on the web. 573# 574# It's also confirmed here: 575# <a href="http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm"> 576# http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm 577# </a> 578# on a government portal as being between june 1st and sept 27th (not yet 579# posted in english). 580# 581# The following google query will generate many relevant hits: 582# <a href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search"> 583# http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search 584# </a> 585 586# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 587# Is Western Sahara (part which administrated by Morocco) going to follow 588# Morocco DST changes? Any information? What about other part of 589# Western Sahara - under administration of POLISARIO Front (also named 590# SADR Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic)? 591 592# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-09): 593# XXX--guess that it is only Morocco for now; guess only 2008 for now. 594 595# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-27): 596# Morocco will change the clocks back on the midnight between August 31 597# and September 1. They originally planned to observe DST to near the end 598# of September: 599# 600# One article about it (in French): 601# <a href="http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default"> 602# http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default 603# </a> 604# 605# We have some further details posted here: 606# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html"> 607# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html 608# </a> 609 610# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-17): 611# Morocco will observe DST from 2009-06-01 00:00 to 2009-08-21 00:00 according 612# to many sources, such as 613# <a href="http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html"> 614# http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html 615# </a> 616# <a href="http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312"> 617# http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312 618# </a> 619# (French) 620# 621# Our summary: 622# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html"> 623# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html 624# </a> 625 626# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 627# Here is a link to official document from Royaume du Maroc Premier Ministre, 628# Ministere de la Modernisation des Secteurs Publics 629# 630# Under Article 1 of Royal Decree No. 455-67 of Act 23 safar 1387 (2 june 1967) 631# concerning the amendment of the legal time, the Ministry of Modernization of 632# Public Sectors announced that the official time in the Kingdom will be 633# advanced 60 minutes from Sunday 31 May 2009 at midnight. 634# 635# <a href="http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf"> 636# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf 637# </a> 638# 639# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html"> 640# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html 641# </a> 642 643# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 644 645Rule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 S 646Rule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 - 647Rule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 S 648Rule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 - 649Rule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 S 650Rule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 - 651Rule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S 652Rule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 653Rule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S 654Rule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 655Rule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 656Rule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 657Rule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - 658Rule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 659Rule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - 660Rule Morocco 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 661Rule Morocco 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 662Rule Morocco 2009 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 663Rule Morocco 2009 only - Aug 21 0:00 0 - 664# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 665Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26 666 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1984 Mar 16 667 1:00 - CET 1986 668 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 669# Western Sahara 670Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan 671 -1:00 - WAT 1976 Apr 14 672 0:00 - WET 673 674# Mozambique 675# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 676Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar 677 2:00 - CAT 678 679# Namibia 680# The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks & Pottenger. 681# Shanks & Pottenger report no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA. 682 683# From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30) in 684# <http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html>: 685# While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other 686# settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there 687# rises and sets earlier compared to other regions. Chief of 688# Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of 689# the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest 690# of the country. 691# 692# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-31): 693# Apparently the Caprivi Strip informally observes Botswana time, but 694# we have no details. In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone. 695 696# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 697Rule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 698Rule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 699# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 700Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 701 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time 702 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00 703 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00 704 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence 705 2:00 - CAT 1994 Apr 3 706 1:00 Namibia WA%sT 707 708# Niger 709# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 710Zone Africa/Niamey 0:08:28 - LMT 1912 711 -1:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26 712 0:00 - GMT 1960 713 1:00 - WAT 714 715# Nigeria 716# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 717Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep 718 1:00 - WAT 719 720# Reunion 721# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 722Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis 723 4:00 - RET # Reunion Time 724# 725# Scattered Islands (Iles Eparses) administered from Reunion are as follows. 726# The following information about them is taken from 727# Iles Eparses (www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm, 1997-07-22, in French; 728# no longer available as of 1999-08-17). 729# We have no info about their time zone histories. 730# 731# Bassas da India - uninhabited 732# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families 733# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958 734# Juan de Nova - uninhabited 735# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958 736 737# Rwanda 738# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 739Zone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun 740 2:00 - CAT 741 742# St Helena 743# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 744Zone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown 745 -0:22:48 - JMT 1951 # Jamestown Mean Time 746 0:00 - GMT 747# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar: 748# Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA 749# Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995 and the CIA 750# Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously): 751# on GMT, says the CIA 752# Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT 753 754# Sao Tome and Principe 755# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 756Zone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884 757 -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 # Lisbon Mean Time 758 0:00 - GMT 759 760# Senegal 761# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 762Zone Africa/Dakar -1:09:44 - LMT 1912 763 -1:00 - WAT 1941 Jun 764 0:00 - GMT 765 766# Seychelles 767# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 768Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria 769 4:00 - SCT # Seychelles Time 770# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30): 771# Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the 772# Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory 773# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know 774# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now. 775# Possibly the islands were uninhabited. 776 777# Sierra Leone 778# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 779# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 780Rule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 0:40 SLST 781Rule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 WAT 782Rule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 SLST 783Rule SL 1957 1962 - Sep 1 0:00 0 GMT 784# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 785Zone Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 - LMT 1882 786 -0:53:00 - FMT 1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time 787 -1:00 SL %s 1957 788 0:00 SL %s 789 790# Somalia 791# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 792Zone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov 793 3:00 - EAT 1931 794 2:30 - BEAT 1957 795 3:00 - EAT 796 797# South Africa 798# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 799Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 - 800Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - 801# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 802Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 803 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar 804 2:00 SA SAST 805# Marion and Prince Edward Is 806# scientific station since 1947 807# no information 808 809# Sudan 810# 811# From <a href="http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html"> 812# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13) 813# </a>, also reported by Michael De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen: 814# Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon 815# Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for 816# Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin. 817# 818# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 819Rule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 820Rule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 - 821Rule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 822Rule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 823# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 824Zone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931 825 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 826 3:00 - EAT 827 828# Swaziland 829# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 830Zone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar 831 2:00 - SAST 832 833# Tanzania 834# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 835Zone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 - LMT 1931 836 3:00 - EAT 1948 837 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1961 838 3:00 - EAT 839 840# Togo 841# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 842Zone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893 843 0:00 - GMT 844 845# Tunisia 846 847# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30): 848# My correspondent, Risto Nykanen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST, 849# this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News 850# <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP 851# and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by 852# one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be 853# UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next 854# Saturday." (My translation) 855# 856# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02): 857# LaPresse, the first national daily newspaper ... 858# <http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html> 859# ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30, 860# 1h standard time. 861# 862# From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28): 863# The daylight saving time will be the same each year: 864# Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00 865# Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ... 866# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50 867 868# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-16): 869# According to several news sources, Tunisia will not observe DST this year. 870# (Arabic) 871# <a href="http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546"> 872# http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546 873# </a> 874# <a href="http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp"> 875# http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp 876# </a> 877# 878# We have also confirmed this with the US embassy in Tunisia. 879# We have a wrap-up about this on the following page: 880# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html"> 881# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html 882# </a> 883 884# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 885# Here is a link to Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency 886# 887# Standard time to be kept the whole year long (tap.info.tn): 888# 889# (in English) 890# <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157"> 891# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157 892# </a> 893# 894# (in Arabic) 895# <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1"> 896# http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1 897# </a> 898 899# From Arthur David Olson (2009--3-18): 900# The Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency notice contains this: "This measure is due to the fact 901# that the fasting month of ramadan coincides with the period concerned by summer time. 902# Therefore, the standard time will be kept unchanged the whole year long." 903# So foregoing DST seems to be an exception (albeit one that may be repeated in the future). 904 905# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 906Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S 907Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - 908Rule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S 909Rule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - 910Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S 911Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - 912Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S 913Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 - 914Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S 915Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 916Rule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 917Rule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 918Rule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 919Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S 920Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 - 921Rule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 922Rule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - 923Rule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S 924Rule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - 925Rule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S 926Rule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 927Rule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 928Rule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 - 929Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 930Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 931Rule Tunisia 2010 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 932Rule Tunisia 2010 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 933# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's 934# more precise 0:09:21. 935# Shanks & Pottenger say the 1911 switch was on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11. 936# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 937Zone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12 938 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 939 1:00 Tunisia CE%sT 940 941# Uganda 942# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 943Zone Africa/Kampala 2:09:40 - LMT 1928 Jul 944 3:00 - EAT 1930 945 2:30 - BEAT 1948 946 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1957 947 3:00 - EAT 948 949# Zambia 950# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 951Zone Africa/Lusaka 1:53:08 - LMT 1903 Mar 952 2:00 - CAT 953 954# Zimbabwe 955# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 956Zone Africa/Harare 2:04:12 - LMT 1903 Mar 957 2:00 - CAT 958