africa revision 1.1
1263508Sdim# @(#)africa 7.7 2224133Sdim 3224133Sdim# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 4224133Sdim# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 5224133Sdim# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 6224133Sdim 7224133Sdim# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993): 8224133Sdim# 9224133Sdim# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 10224133Sdim# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (3rd edition), 11224133Sdim# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991). 12224133Sdim# Except where otherwise noted, it is the source for the data below. 13224133Sdim# 14224133Sdim# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 15224133Sdim# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 16224133Sdim# I found in the UCLA library. 17224133Sdim# 18224133Sdim# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 19224133Sdim# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and the discovery of the longitude, 20224133Sdim# Oxford University Press (1980). 21249423Sdim# 22226633Sdim# I added so many Zone names that the old, mostly flat name space was unwieldy. 23224133Sdim# So I renamed the Zones to have the form AREA/LOCATION, where 24224133Sdim# AREA is the name of a continent or ocean, and 25224133Sdim# LOCATION is the name of a specific location within that region. 26249423Sdim# For example, the old zone name `Egypt' is now `Africa/Cairo'. 27224133Sdim# 28224133Sdim# Here are the general rules I used for choosing location names, 29224133Sdim# in decreasing order of importance: 30224133Sdim# 31224133Sdim# Use only valid Posix file names. Use only Ascii letters, digits, `.', 32226633Sdim# `-' and `_'. Do not exceed 14 characters or start with `-'. 33226633Sdim# E.g. prefer `Brunei' to `Bandar_Seri_Begawan'. 34224133Sdim# Include at least one location per time zone rule set per country. 35224133Sdim# One such location is enough. 36263508Sdim# If a name is ambiguous, use a less ambiguous alternative; 37224133Sdim# e.g. many cities are named San Jose and Georgetown, so 38224133Sdim# prefer `Costa_Rica' to `San_Jose' and `Guyana' to `Georgetown'. 39224133Sdim# Keep locations compact. Use cities or small islands, not countries 40224133Sdim# or regions, so that any future time zone changes do not split 41224133Sdim# locations into different time zones. E.g. prefer `Paris' 42224133Sdim# to `France', since France has had multiple time zones. 43234353Sdim# Use traditional English spelling, e.g. prefer `Rome' to `Roma', and 44224133Sdim# prefer `Athens' to the true name (which uses Greek letters). 45224133Sdim# The Posix file name restrictions encourage this rule. 46224133Sdim# Use the most populous among locations in a country's time zone, 47224133Sdim# e.g. prefer `Shanghai' to `Beijing'. Among locations with 48224133Sdim# similar populations, pick the best-known location, 49224133Sdim# e.g. prefer `Rome' to `Milan'. 50224133Sdim# Use the singular form, e.g. prefer `Canary' to `Canaries'. 51226633Sdim# Omit common suffixes like `_Islands' and `_City', unless that 52224133Sdim# would lead to ambiguity. E.g. prefer `Cayman' to 53224133Sdim# `Cayman_Islands' and `Guatemala' to `Guatemala_City', 54234353Sdim# but prefer `Mexico_City' to `Mexico' because the country 55224133Sdim# of Mexico has several time zones. 56224133Sdim# Use `_' to represent a space. 57224133Sdim# Omit `.' from abbreviations in names, e.g. prefer `St_Helena' 58234353Sdim# to `St._Helena'. 59234353Sdim# 60224133Sdim# We typically use traditional English time zone abbreviations, 61224133Sdim# and assume that applications translate them to other languages 62224133Sdim# as part of the normal localization process. 63234353Sdim# 64224133Sdim# I made up the following time zone abbreviations; corrections are welcome! 65224133Sdim# LMT Local Mean Time 66224133Sdim# -2:00 CVT Cape Verde Time (no longer used) 67224133Sdim# -1:00 AAT Atlantic Africa Time 68226633Sdim# 0:00 WAT West Africa Time 69224133Sdim# 1:00 CAT Central Africa Time 70224133Sdim# 2:00 SAT South Africa Time 71224133Sdim# 3:00 EAT East Africa Time 72224133Sdim# 4:00 SMT Seychelles and Mascarene Time 73224133Sdim# The final `T' is replaced by `ST' for summer time, e.g. `SAST'. 74224133Sdim# BEAT is British East Africa Time, which was 2:30 before 1948 and 2:45 after. 75226633Sdim 76224133Sdim 77226633Sdim# Algeria 78224133Sdim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 79224133SdimRule Algeria 1911 only - Jan 1 0:00s 0 - 80224133SdimRule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 " DST" 81224133SdimRule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun<=7 23:00s 0 - 82226633SdimRule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 " DST" 83224133SdimRule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 " DST" 84224133SdimRule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 " DST" 85224133SdimRule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 " DST" 86224133SdimRule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - 87224133SdimRule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 " DST" 88224133SdimRule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 - 89224133SdimRule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 " DST" 90224133SdimRule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 - 91224133SdimRule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon<=7 2:00 1:00 " DST" 92224133SdimRule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - 93224133SdimRule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 - 94263508SdimRule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 " DST" 95263508SdimRule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 - 96263508SdimRule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 " DST" 97263508SdimRule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 - 98224133SdimRule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 " DST" 99224133SdimRule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 - 100224133SdimRule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 " DST" 101224133SdimRule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 102224133Sdim# Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21. 103224133Sdim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 104224133SdimZone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 105224133Sdim 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 106224133Sdim 0:00 Algeria WET%s 1940 Feb 25 2:00 107224133Sdim 1:00 Algeria MET%s 1946 Oct 7 108224133Sdim 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29 109224133Sdim 1:00 - MET 1963 Apr 14 110224133Sdim 0:00 Algeria WET%s 1977 Oct 21 111263508Sdim 1:00 Algeria MET%s 1979 Oct 26 112224133Sdim 0:00 Algeria WET%s 1981 May 113224133Sdim 1:00 - MET 114224133Sdim 115224133Sdim# Angola 116224133Sdim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 117224133SdimZone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892 118224133Sdim 0:52 - LMT 1911 May 26 # Luanda Mean Time 119263508Sdim 1:00 - CAT 120224133Sdim 121263508Sdim# Benin 122263508Sdim# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934; go with Shanks. 123263508Sdim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 124263508SdimZone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912 125263508Sdim 0:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26 126263508Sdim 1:00 - CAT 127226633Sdim 128224133Sdim# Botswana 129224133Sdim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 130224133SdimZone Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 - LMT 1885 131224133Sdim 2:00 - SAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00 132224133Sdim 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 133224133Sdim 2:00 - SAT 134224133Sdim 135224133Sdim# Burkina Faso 136224133Sdim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 137224133SdimZone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 - LMT 1912 138224133Sdim 0:00 - WAT 139224133Sdim 140224133Sdim# Burundi 141224133Sdim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 142224133SdimZone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890 143224133Sdim 2:00 - SAT 144224133Sdim 145224133Sdim# Cameroon 146224133Sdim# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks. 147224133Sdim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 148224133SdimZone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912 149224133Sdim 1:00 - CAT 150224133Sdim 151224133Sdim# Cape Verde 152224133Sdim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 153224133SdimZone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia 154224133Sdim -2:00 - CVT 1942 Sep 155224133Sdim -2:00 1:00 CVST 1945 Oct 15 156226633Sdim -2:00 - CVT 1975 Nov 25 2:00 157224133Sdim -1:00 - AAT 158224133Sdim 159224133Sdim# Central African Republic 160224133Sdim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 161224133SdimZone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912 162224133Sdim 1:00 - CAT 163224133Sdim 164224133Sdim# Chad 165224133Sdim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 166224133SdimZone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 167224133Sdim 1:00 - CAT 1979 Oct 14 168224133Sdim 1:00 1:00 CAST 1980 Mar 8 169224133Sdim 1:00 - CAT 170224133Sdim 171224133Sdim# Comoros 172224133Sdim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 173224133SdimZone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro 174224133Sdim 3:00 - EAT 175224133Sdim 176263508Sdim# Congo 177224133Sdim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 178224133SdimZone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912 179224133Sdim 1:00 - CAT 180224133Sdim 181224133Sdim# Cote D'Ivoire 182224133Sdim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 183224133SdimZone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912 184224133Sdim 0:00 - WAT 185224133Sdim 186224133Sdim# Djibouti 187224133Sdim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 188224133SdimZone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 189224133Sdim 3:00 - EAT 190224133Sdim 191263508Sdim############################################################################### 192263508Sdim 193263508Sdim# Egypt 194263508Sdim 195263508Sdim# From Bob Devine (January 28, 1988): 196263508Sdim# Egypt: DST from first day of May to first of October (ending may 197263508Sdim# also be on Sept 30th not 31st -- you might want to ask one of the 198224133Sdim# soc.* groups, you might hit someone who could ask an embassy). 199224133Sdim# DST since 1960 except for 1981-82. 200239462Sdim 201224133Sdim# From U. S. Naval Observatory (January 19, 1989): 202224133Sdim# EGYPT 2 H AHEAD OF UTC 203224133Sdim# EGYPT 3 H AHEAD OF UTC MAY 17 - SEP 30 (AFTER 204224133Sdim# EGYPT RAMADAN) 205224133Sdim 206224133Sdim# From Shanks (1991): 207226633Sdim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 208224133SdimRule Egypt 1900 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 209224133SdimRule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 " DST" 210224133SdimRule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 211224133SdimRule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 " DST" 212226633SdimRule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 213226633SdimRule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" 214224133SdimRule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 - 215224133SdimRule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 216224133SdimRule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 " DST" 217263508SdimRule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 " DST" 218224133SdimRule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 219224133SdimRule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" 220224133SdimRule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 " DST" 221224133SdimRule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 222224133SdimRule Egypt 1966 max - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 223224133SdimRule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 " DST" 224263508SdimRule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 " DST" 225263508SdimRule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 " DST" 226263508SdimRule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 " DST" 227224133SdimRule Egypt 1990 max - May 1 1:00 1:00 " DST" 228263508Sdim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 229263508SdimZone Africa/Cairo 2:05:00 - LMT 1900 Oct 230263508Sdim 2:00 Egypt EET%s 231263508Sdim 232263508Sdim# Equatorial Guinea 233263508Sdim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 234263508SdimZone Africa/Malabo 0:35:08 - LMT 1912 235263508Sdim 0:00 - WAT 1963 Dec 15 236263508Sdim 1:00 - CAT 237263508Sdim 238263508Sdim# Eritrea 239263508Sdim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 240263508SdimZone Africa/Asmera 2:35:32 - LMT 1870 241263508Sdim 2:36 - AMT 1890 # Asmera Mean Time 242263508Sdim 2:35 - AAMT 1936 May 5 # Addis Ababa MT 243263508Sdim 3:00 - EAT 244263508Sdim 245263508Sdim# Ethiopia 246263508Sdim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 247263508SdimZone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870 248263508Sdim 2:35 - AAMT 1936 May 5 # Addis Ababa MT 249263508Sdim 3:00 - EAT 250263508Sdim 251263508Sdim# Gabon 252263508Sdim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 253263508SdimZone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912 254263508Sdim 1:00 - CAT 255224133Sdim 256263508Sdim# Gambia 257263508Sdim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 258263508SdimZone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912 259263508Sdim -1:07 - BMT 1935 # Banjul Mean Time 260263508Sdim -1:00 - AAT 1964 261224133Sdim 0:00 - WAT 262224133Sdim 263226633Sdim# Ghana 264226633Sdim# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993): 265224133Sdim# WATDT is my invention for ``West Africa one-Third Daylight Time''. 266226633Sdim# From Shanks (1991): 267226633Sdim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 268224133SdimRule Ghana 1918 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 WAT 269224133Sdim# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present''; go with Shanks. 270224133SdimRule Ghana 1936 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 WATDT 271224133SdimRule Ghana 1936 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 WAT 272224133Sdim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 273224133SdimZone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918 274224133Sdim 0:00 Ghana %s 275263508Sdim 276224133Sdim# Guinea 277224133Sdim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 278224133SdimZone Africa/Conakry -0:54:52 - LMT 1912 279224133Sdim 0:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26 280249423Sdim 1:00 - CAT 1960 281224133Sdim 0:00 - WAT 282224133Sdim 283224133Sdim# Guinea-Bissau 284224133Sdim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 285224133SdimZone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1911 May 26 286224133Sdim 1:00 - CAT 1975 287224133Sdim 0:00 - WAT 288224133Sdim 289224133Sdim# Kenya 290224133Sdim# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993): 291224133Sdim# Shanks says the transition to 2:45 was in 1940, but it must have been 1948. 292224133Sdim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 293224133SdimZone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul 294224133Sdim 3:00 - EAT 1930 295224133Sdim 2:30 - BEAT 1948 296224133Sdim 2:45 - BEAT 1960 297224133Sdim 3:00 - EAT 298224133Sdim 299224133Sdim# Lesotho 300224133Sdim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 301263508SdimZone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 302224133Sdim 2:00 - SAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00 303224133Sdim 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 304224133Sdim 2:00 - SAT 305224133Sdim 306224133Sdim# Liberia 307224133Sdim# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993): 308224133Sdim# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch 309224133Sdim# from a GMT offset that was not a multiple of 15 minutes. 310224133Sdim# Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday. 311224133Sdim# Shanks reports the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan; go with Shanks. 312224133Sdim# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks reports -0:44, whereas Howse and Whitman 313224133Sdim# each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure. 314224133Sdim# 315226633Sdim# From Shanks (1991), as corrected by Whitman: 316234353Sdim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 317234353SdimZone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882 318234353Sdim -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time 319224133Sdim -0:44:30 - LST 1972 May # Liberia Standard Time 320226633Sdim 0:00 - WAT 321226633Sdim 322224133Sdim############################################################################### 323224133Sdim 324224133Sdim# Libya 325224133Sdim 326224133Sdim# From Bob Devine (January 28 1988): 327224133Sdim# Libya: Since 1982 April 1st to September 30th (?) 328224133Sdim 329224133Sdim# From U. S. Naval Observatory (January 19, 1989): 330224133Sdim# LIBYAN ARAB 1 H AHEAD OF UTC JAMAHIRIYA/LIBYA 331224133Sdim# LIBYAN ARAB 2 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30 JAMAHIRIYA/LIBYA 332224133Sdim 333224133Sdim# From Shanks (1991): 334224133Sdim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 335224133SdimRule Libya 1920 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 336224133SdimRule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 " DST" 337224133SdimRule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 338224133SdimRule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 " DST" 339224133SdimRule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 340224133SdimRule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 " DST" 341224133SdimRule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 342224133SdimRule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" 343224133SdimRule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 344224133SdimRule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 " DST" 345224133SdimRule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 " DST" 346224133SdimRule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 347224133SdimRule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" 348Rule Libya 1987 1990 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 349Rule Libya 1990 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 " DST" 350# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993): 351# Here's a guess for years starting with 1991. 352Rule Libya 1991 max - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" 353Rule Libya 1991 max - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 354 355# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 356Zone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920 357 1:00 Libya MET%s 1959 358 2:00 - EET 1982 359 1:00 Libya MET%s 360 361# Madagascar 362# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 363Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul 364 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s 365 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s 366 3:00 - EAT 367 368# Malawi 369# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 370Zone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 371 2:00 - SAT 372 373# Mali 374# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 375Zone Africa/Bamako -0:32:00 - LMT 1912 376 0:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26 377 -1:00 - AAT 1960 Jun 20 378 0:00 - WAT 379# no longer different from Bamako, but too famous to omit 380Zone Africa/Timbuktu -0:12:04 - LMT 1912 381 0:00 - WAT 382 383# Mauritania 384# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 385Zone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912 386 0:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26 387 -1:00 - AAT 1960 Jun 20 388 0:00 - WAT 389 390# Mauritius 391# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 392Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis 393 4:00 - SMT 394# Agalega Is, Rodriguez 395# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius 396 397# Mayotte 398# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 399Zone Indian/Mayotte 3:01:08 - LMT 1911 Jul # Dzaoudzi 400 3:00 - EAT 401 402# Morocco 403# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 404Rule Morocco 1913 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 - 405Rule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 " DST" 406Rule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 - 407Rule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 " DST" 408Rule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 - 409Rule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 " DST" 410Rule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 - 411Rule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 " DST" 412Rule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 413Rule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 " DST" 414Rule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 415Rule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" 416Rule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 417Rule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - 418Rule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" 419Rule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - 420# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 421Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26 422 0:00 Morocco WET%s 1984 Mar 16 423 1:00 - MET 1986 424 0:00 - WET 425# The following are controlled by Spain, and are like Europe/Madrid: 426# Alboran, Alhucemas Is, Ceuta, Chafarinas Is, Mellila. 427 428# Mozambique 429# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 430Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar 431 2:00 - SAT 432 433# Namibia 434# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 435Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 436 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time 437 2:00 - SAT 1942 Sep 20 2:00 438 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00 439 2:00 - SAT 440 441# Niger 442# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 443Zone Africa/Niamey 0:08:28 - LMT 1912 444 1:00 - CAT 1934 Feb 26 445 0:00 - WAT 1960 446 1:00 - CAT 447 448# Nigeria 449# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 450Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep 451 1:00 - CAT 452 453# Reunion 454# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 455Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # St Denis 456 4:00 - SMT 457 458# Rwanda 459# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 460Zone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun 461 2:00 - SAT 462 463# St Helena 464# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 465Zone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown 466 -0:06 - ?MT 1951 # a typo in Shanks? 467 0:00 - GMT 468# Whitman says Tristan da Cunha is on GMT, like Atlantic/St_Helena. 469# 470# Ascension, Gough, Inaccessible, Nightingale 471# no information; probably like Atlantic/St_Helena 472 473# Sao Tome and Principe 474# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 475Zone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884 476 -0:37 - ?MT 1912 # a typo in Shanks? 477 0:00 - WAT 478 479# Senegal 480# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 481Zone Africa/Dakar -1:09:44 - LMT 1912 482 -1:00 - AAT 1941 Jun 483 0:00 - WAT 484 485# Seychelles 486# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 487Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria 488 4:00 - SMT 489 490# Sierra Leone 491# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 492Rule SL 1913 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 - 493# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks. 494Rule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 495Rule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 496Rule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 497Rule SL 1957 1962 - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 498# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 499Zone Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 - LMT 1882 500 -0:53 - FMT 1913 Jun 501 -1:00 SL AA%sT 1957 502 0:00 SL WA%sT 503 504# Somalia 505# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993): 506# Shanks omits the 1948 transition to 2:45; this is probably a typo. 507# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 508Zone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov 509 3:00 - EAT 1931 510 2:30 - BEAT 1948 511 2:45 - BEAT 1957 # not in Shanks 512 3:00 - EAT 513 514# South Africa 515# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 516Rule SA 1892 only - Feb 8 0:00 0 - 517Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S 518Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - 519# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 520Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 521 1:30 - SAT 1903 Mar 522 2:00 SA SA%sT 523# Prince Edward Is 524# no information 525 526# Sudan 527# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 528Rule Sudan 1931 only - Feb 8 0:00 0 - 529Rule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" 530Rule Sudan 1970 max - Oct 15 0:00 0 - 531Rule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 " DST" 532Rule Sudan 1972 max - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 " DST" 533# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 534Zone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931 535 2:00 Sudan EET%s 536 537# Swaziland 538# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 539Zone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar 540 2:00 - SAT 541 542# Tanzania 543# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 544Zone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 - LMT 1931 545 3:00 - EAT 1948 546 2:45 - BEAT 1961 547 3:00 - EAT 548 549# Togo 550# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 551Zone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893 552 0:00 - WAT 553 554# Tunisia 555# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 556Rule Tunisia 1911 only - Mar 9 0:00 0 - 557Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 " DST" 558Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - 559Rule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 " DST" 560Rule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - 561Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 " DST" 562Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - 563Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 " DST" 564Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 - 565Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 " DST" 566Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 567Rule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 " DST" 568Rule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 569Rule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 570Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 " DST" 571Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 - 572Rule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 " DST" 573Rule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - 574Rule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 " DST" 575Rule Tunisia 1988 max - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - 576Rule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 " DST" 577Rule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 " DST" 578Rule Tunisia 1991 max - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 " DST" 579# Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21. 580# Shanks says the 1911 switch occurred on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11. 581# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 582Zone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12 583 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 584 1:00 Tunisia MET%s 585 586# Uganda 587# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 588Zone Africa/Kampala 2:09:40 - LMT 1928 Jul 589 3:00 - EAT 1930 590 2:30 - BEAT 1948 591 2:45 - BEAT 1957 592 3:00 - EAT 593 594# Zaire 595# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 596Zone Africa/Kinshasa 1:01:12 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 597 1:00 - CAT 598Zone Africa/Lumumbashi 1:49:52 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 599 2:00 - SAT 600 601# Zambia 602# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 603Zone Africa/Lusaka 1:53:08 - LMT 1903 Mar 604 2:00 - SAT 605 606# Zimbabwe 607# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 608Zone Africa/Harare 2:04:12 - LMT 1903 Mar 609 2:00 - SAT 610