Copyright (c) 2010 Damien Bergamini <damien.bergamini@free.fr>
Copyright (c) 2015 Stefan Sperling <stsp@openbsd.org>
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.Dd $Mdocdate: September 3 2017 $ .Dt RTWN 4 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm rtwn .Nd Realtek RTL8188CE/RTL8192CE PCIe IEEE 802.11b/g/n wireless network device .Sh SYNOPSIS .Cd "rtwn* at pci? port ?" .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Nm driver supports PCIe wireless network devices based on the Realtek RTL8188CE and RTL8192CE chipsets.
p The RTL8188CE is a highly integrated 802.11n adapter that combines a MAC, a 1T1R capable baseband and an RF in a single chip.
p The RTL8192CE is a highly integrated multiple-in, multiple-out (MIMO) 802.11n adapter that combines a MAC, a 2T2R capable baseband and an RF in a single chip.
p These devices operate in the 2GHz spectrum only.
p These are the modes the .Nm driver can operate in: l -tag -width "IBSS-masterXX" t BSS mode Also known as .Em infrastructure mode, this is used when associating with an access point, through which all traffic passes. This mode is the default. t monitor mode In this mode the driver is able to receive packets without associating with an access point. This disables the internal receive filter and enables the card to capture packets from networks which it wouldn't normally have access to, or to scan for access points. .El
p The .Nm driver can be configured to use Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) or Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA-PSK and WPA2-PSK). WPA is the current encryption standard for wireless networks. It is strongly recommended that WEP not be used as the sole mechanism to secure wireless communication, due to serious weaknesses in it.
p The .Nm driver can be configured at runtime with .Xr ifconfig 8 or on boot with .Xr hostname.if 5 . .Sh FILES The driver needs at least version 1.0 of the following firmware files, which are loaded when an interface is brought up:
p l -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact t Pa /etc/firmware/rtwn-rtl8192cfwU t Pa /etc/firmware/rtwn-rtl8192cfwU_B .El
p A prepackaged version of the firmware can be installed using .Xr fw_update 1 . .Sh EXAMPLES The following example scans for available networks:
p .Dl # ifconfig rtwn0 scan
p The following .Xr hostname.if 5 example configures rtwn0 to join network .Dq mynwid , using WPA key .Dq mywpakey , obtaining an IP address using DHCP: d -literal -offset indent nwid mynwid wpakey mywpakey dhcp .Ed .Sh DIAGNOSTICS l -diag t "rtwn0: could not read firmware ..." For some reason, the driver was unable to read the microcode file from the filesystem. The file might be missing or corrupted. t "rtwn0: device timeout" A frame dispatched to the hardware for transmission did not complete in time. The driver will reset the hardware. This should not happen. .El .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr arp 4 , .Xr ifmedia 4 , .Xr intro 4 , .Xr netintro 4 , .Xr pci 4 , .Xr hostname.if 5 , .Xr ifconfig 8 .Sh HISTORY The .Nm driver first appeared in .Ox 5.8 . .Sh AUTHORS The .Nm driver was written by .An -nosplit .An Stefan Sperling Aq Mt stsp@openbsd.org . It was based on the .Xr urtwn 4 driver written by .An Damien Bergamini Aq Mt damien.bergamini@free.fr . .Sh CAVEATS The .Nm driver does not support any of the 802.11n capabilities offered by the adapters. Additional work is required in .Xr ieee80211 9 before those features can be supported.