Copyright (c) 1998 Robert Nordier
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$FreeBSD: src/sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.8,v 1.6 1999/08/28 00:13:52 peter Exp $
.Dd $Mdocdate: July 16 2013 $ .Dt NEWFS_MSDOS 8 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm newfs_msdos .Nd construct a new MS-DOS (FAT) file system .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm newfs_msdos k -words .Op Fl N .Op Fl a Ar FAT-size .Op Fl B Ar boot .Op Fl b Ar block-size .Op Fl c Ar cluster-size .Op Fl e Ar dirents .Op Fl F Ar FAT-type .Op Fl f Ar format .Op Fl h Ar heads .Op Fl I Ar volid .Op Fl i Ar info .Op Fl k Ar backup .Op Fl L Ar label .Op Fl m Ar media .Op Fl n Ar FATs .Op Fl O Ar OEM .Op Fl o Ar hidden .Op Fl r Ar reserved .Op Fl S Ar sector-size .Op Fl s Ar total .Op Fl u Ar track-size .Ar special .Op Ar disktype .Ek .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Nm utility creates a FAT12, FAT16, or FAT32 file system on device .Ar special , using .Xr disktab 5 entry .Ar disktype to determine geometry, if required.
p The .Ar special file should be a raw device, for example
a /dev/rsd0i ; if a relative path like
a sd0i is specified, the corresponding raw device is used.
p The options are as follows: l -tag -width Ds t Fl a Ar FAT-size Number of sectors per FAT. t Fl B Ar boot Get bootstrap from file. t Fl b Ar block-size File system block size (bytes per cluster). This should resolve to an acceptable number of sectors per cluster (see below). t Fl c Ar cluster-size Sectors per cluster. Acceptable values are powers of 2 in the range 1 through 128. t Fl e Ar dirents Number of root directory entries (FAT12 and FAT16 only). t Fl F Ar FAT-type FAT type (one of 12, 16, or 32). t Fl f Ar format Specify a standard (floppy disk) format. The eight standard formats are (capacities in kilobytes): 160, 180, 320, 360, 720, 1200, 1440, 2880. t Fl h Ar heads Number of drive heads. t Fl I Ar volid Volume ID. t Fl i Ar info Location of the file system info sector (FAT32 only). A value of 0xffff signifies no info sector. t Fl k Ar backup Location of the backup boot sector (FAT32 only). A value of 0xffff signifies no backup sector. t Fl L Ar label Volume label (up to 11 characters). The label should consist of only those characters permitted in regular DOS (8+3) filenames. t Fl m Ar media Media descriptor (acceptable range 0xf0 to 0xff). t Fl N Don't create a file system: just print out parameters. t Fl n Ar FATs Number of FATs. Acceptable values are 1 to 16 inclusive. The default is 2. t Fl O Ar OEM OEM string (up to 8 characters). The default is "BSD 4.4". t Fl o Ar hidden Number of hidden sectors. t Fl r Ar reserved Number of reserved sectors. t Fl S Ar sector-size Number of bytes per sector. Acceptable values are powers of 2 in the range 512 through 32768. t Fl s Ar total File system size. t Fl u Ar track-size Number of sectors per track. .El .Sh NOTES FAT file system parameters occupy a "Boot Sector BPB (BIOS Parameter Block)" in the first of the "reserved" sectors which precede the actual file system. For reference purposes, this structure is presented below. d -literal struct bsbpb { u_int16_t bps; /* [-S] bytes per sector */ u_int8_t spc; /* [-c] sectors per cluster */ u_int16_t res; /* [-r] reserved sectors */ u_int8_t nft; /* [-n] number of FATs */ u_int16_t rde; /* [-e] root directory entries */ u_int16_t sec; /* [-s] total sectors */ u_int8_t mid; /* [-m] media descriptor */ u_int16_t spf; /* [-a] sectors per FAT */ u_int16_t spt; /* [-u] sectors per track */ u_int16_t hds; /* [-h] drive heads */ u_int32_t hid; /* [-o] hidden sectors */ u_int32_t bsec; /* [-s] big total sectors */ }; /* FAT32 extensions */ struct bsxbpb { u_int32_t bspf; /* [-a] big sectors per FAT */ u_int16_t xflg; /* control flags */ u_int16_t vers; /* file system version */ u_int32_t rdcl; /* root directory start cluster */ u_int16_t infs; /* [-i] file system info sector */ u_int16_t bkbs; /* [-k] backup boot sector */ }; .Ed .Sh EXAMPLES Create a file system, using default parameters, on /dev/rwd0i. .Dl newfs_msdos /dev/rwd0i
p Create a standard 1.44M file system, with volume label "foo", on /dev/rfd0c. .Dl newfs_msdos -f 1440 -L foo fd0c .Sh DIAGNOSTICS Exit status is 0 on success and 1 on error. .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr disktab 5 , .Xr disklabel 8 , .Xr fdisk 8 , .Xr newfs 8 .Sh HISTORY The .Nm command first appeared in .Ox 2.1 . .Sh AUTHORS .An Robert Nordier Aq Mt rnordier@FreeBSD.org .