1Kernel driver vt1211
2====================
3
4Supported chips:
5  * VIA VT1211
6    Prefix: 'vt1211'
7    Addresses scanned: none, address read from Super-I/O config space
8    Datasheet: Provided by VIA upon request and under NDA
9
10Authors: Juerg Haefliger <juergh@gmail.com>
11
12This driver is based on the driver for kernel 2.4 by Mark D. Studebaker and
13its port to kernel 2.6 by Lars Ekman.
14
15Thanks to Joseph Chan and Fiona Gatt from VIA for providing documentation and
16technical support.
17
18
19Module Parameters
20-----------------
21
22* uch_config: int	Override the BIOS default universal channel (UCH)
23			configuration for channels 1-5.
24			Legal values are in the range of 0-31. Bit 0 maps to
25			UCH1, bit 1 maps to UCH2 and so on. Setting a bit to 1
26			enables the thermal input of that particular UCH and
27			setting a bit to 0 enables the voltage input.
28
29* int_mode: int		Override the BIOS default temperature interrupt mode.
30			The only possible value is 0 which forces interrupt
31			mode 0. In this mode, any pending interrupt is cleared
32			when the status register is read but is regenerated as
33			long as the temperature stays above the hysteresis
34			limit.
35
36Be aware that overriding BIOS defaults might cause some unwanted side effects!
37
38
39Description
40-----------
41
42The VIA VT1211 Super-I/O chip includes complete hardware monitoring
43capabilities. It monitors 2 dedicated temperature sensor inputs (temp1 and
44temp2), 1 dedicated voltage (in5) and 2 fans. Additionally, the chip
45implements 5 universal input channels (UCH1-5) that can be individually
46programmed to either monitor a voltage or a temperature.
47
48This chip also provides manual and automatic control of fan speeds (according
49to the datasheet). The driver only supports automatic control since the manual
50mode doesn't seem to work as advertised in the datasheet. In fact I couldn't
51get manual mode to work at all! Be aware that automatic mode hasn't been
52tested very well (due to the fact that my EPIA M10000 doesn't have the fans
53connected to the PWM outputs of the VT1211 :-().
54
55The following table shows the relationship between the vt1211 inputs and the
56sysfs nodes.
57
58Sensor          Voltage Mode   Temp Mode   Default Use (from the datasheet)
59------          ------------   ---------   --------------------------------
60Reading 1                      temp1       Intel thermal diode
61Reading 3                      temp2       Internal thermal diode
62UCH1/Reading2   in0            temp3       NTC type thermistor
63UCH2            in1            temp4       +2.5V
64UCH3            in2            temp5       VccP (processor core)
65UCH4            in3            temp6       +5V
66UCH5            in4            temp7       +12V
67+3.3V           in5                        Internal VCC (+3.3V)
68
69
70Voltage Monitoring
71------------------
72
73Voltages are sampled by an 8-bit ADC with a LSB of ~10mV. The supported input
74range is thus from 0 to 2.60V. Voltage values outside of this range need
75external scaling resistors. This external scaling needs to be compensated for
76via compute lines in sensors.conf, like:
77
78compute inx @*(1+R1/R2), @/(1+R1/R2)
79
80The board level scaling resistors according to VIA's recommendation are as
81follows. And this is of course totally dependent on the actual board
82implementation :-) You will have to find documentation for your own
83motherboard and edit sensors.conf accordingly.
84
85                                      Expected
86Voltage       R1     R2     Divider   Raw Value
87-----------------------------------------------
88+2.5V         2K     10K    1.2       2083 mV
89VccP          ---    ---    1.0       1400 mV (1)
90+5V           14K    10K    2.4       2083 mV
91+12V          47K    10K    5.7       2105 mV
92+3.3V (int)   2K     3.4K   1.588     3300 mV (2)
93+3.3V (ext)   6.8K   10K    1.68      1964 mV
94
95(1) Depending on the CPU (1.4V is for a VIA C3 Nehemiah).
96(2) R1 and R2 for 3.3V (int) are internal to the VT1211 chip and the driver
97    performs the scaling and returns the properly scaled voltage value.
98
99Each measured voltage has an associated low and high limit which triggers an
100alarm when crossed.
101
102
103Temperature Monitoring
104----------------------
105
106Temperatures are reported in millidegree Celsius. Each measured temperature
107has a high limit which triggers an alarm if crossed. There is an associated
108hysteresis value with each temperature below which the temperature has to drop
109before the alarm is cleared (this is only true for interrupt mode 0). The
110interrupt mode can be forced to 0 in case the BIOS doesn't do it
111automatically. See the 'Module Parameters' section for details.
112
113All temperature channels except temp2 are external. Temp2 is the VT1211
114internal thermal diode and the driver does all the scaling for temp2 and
115returns the temperature in millidegree Celsius. For the external channels
116temp1 and temp3-temp7, scaling depends on the board implementation and needs
117to be performed in userspace via sensors.conf.
118
119Temp1 is an Intel-type thermal diode which requires the following formula to
120convert between sysfs readings and real temperatures:
121
122compute temp1 (@-Offset)/Gain, (@*Gain)+Offset
123
124According to the VIA VT1211 BIOS porting guide, the following gain and offset
125values should be used:
126
127Diode Type      Offset   Gain
128----------      ------   ----
129Intel CPU       88.638   0.9528
130                65.000   0.9686   *)
131VIA C3 Ezra     83.869   0.9528
132VIA C3 Ezra-T   73.869   0.9528
133
134*) This is the formula from the lm_sensors 2.10.0 sensors.conf file. I don't
135know where it comes from or how it was derived, it's just listed here for
136completeness.
137
138Temp3-temp7 support NTC thermistors. For these channels, the driver returns
139the voltages as seen at the individual pins of UCH1-UCH5. The voltage at the
140pin (Vpin) is formed by a voltage divider made of the thermistor (Rth) and a
141scaling resistor (Rs):
142
143Vpin = 2200 * Rth / (Rs + Rth)   (2200 is the ADC max limit of 2200 mV)
144
145The equation for the thermistor is as follows (google it if you want to know
146more about it):
147
148Rth = Ro * exp(B * (1 / T - 1 / To))   (To is 298.15K (25C) and Ro is the
149                                        nominal resistance at 25C)
150
151Mingling the above two equations and assuming Rs = Ro and B = 3435 yields the
152following formula for sensors.conf:
153
154compute tempx 1 / (1 / 298.15 - (` (2200 / @ - 1)) / 3435) - 273.15,
155              2200 / (1 + (^ (3435 / 298.15 - 3435 / (273.15 + @))))
156
157
158Fan Speed Control
159-----------------
160
161The VT1211 provides 2 programmable PWM outputs to control the speeds of 2
162fans. Writing a 2 to any of the two pwm[1-2]_enable sysfs nodes will put the
163PWM controller in automatic mode. There is only a single controller that
164controls both PWM outputs but each PWM output can be individually enabled and
165disabled.
166
167Each PWM has 4 associated distinct output duty-cycles: full, high, low and
168off. Full and off are internally hard-wired to 255 (100%) and 0 (0%),
169respectively. High and low can be programmed via
170pwm[1-2]_auto_point[2-3]_pwm. Each PWM output can be associated with a
171different thermal input but - and here's the weird part - only one set of
172thermal thresholds exist that controls both PWMs output duty-cycles. The
173thermal thresholds are accessible via pwm[1-2]_auto_point[1-4]_temp. Note
174that even though there are 2 sets of 4 auto points each, they map to the same
175registers in the VT1211 and programming one set is sufficient (actually only
176the first set pwm1_auto_point[1-4]_temp is writable, the second set is
177read-only).
178
179PWM Auto Point             PWM Output Duty-Cycle
180------------------------------------------------
181pwm[1-2]_auto_point4_pwm   full speed duty-cycle (hard-wired to 255)
182pwm[1-2]_auto_point3_pwm   high speed duty-cycle
183pwm[1-2]_auto_point2_pwm   low speed duty-cycle
184pwm[1-2]_auto_point1_pwm   off duty-cycle (hard-wired to 0)
185
186Temp Auto Point             Thermal Threshold
187---------------------------------------------
188pwm[1-2]_auto_point4_temp   full speed temp
189pwm[1-2]_auto_point3_temp   high speed temp
190pwm[1-2]_auto_point2_temp   low speed temp
191pwm[1-2]_auto_point1_temp   off temp
192
193Long story short, the controller implements the following algorithm to set the
194PWM output duty-cycle based on the input temperature:
195
196Thermal Threshold             Output Duty-Cycle
197                    (Rising Temp)           (Falling Temp)
198----------------------------------------------------------
199                    full speed duty-cycle   full speed duty-cycle
200full speed temp
201                    high speed duty-cycle   full speed duty-cycle
202high speed temp
203                    low speed duty-cycle    high speed duty-cycle
204low speed temp
205                    off duty-cycle          low speed duty-cycle
206off temp
207