1/*
2 * AVOptions
3 * copyright (c) 2005 Michael Niedermayer <michaelni@gmx.at>
4 *
5 * This file is part of Libav.
6 *
7 * Libav is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
8 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
9 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
10 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
11 *
12 * Libav is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
15 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
16 *
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
18 * License along with Libav; if not, write to the Free Software
19 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
20 */
21
22#ifndef AVUTIL_OPT_H
23#define AVUTIL_OPT_H
24
25/**
26 * @file
27 * AVOptions
28 */
29
30#include "rational.h"
31#include "avutil.h"
32#include "dict.h"
33#include "log.h"
34
35/**
36 * @defgroup avoptions AVOptions
37 * @ingroup lavu_data
38 * @{
39 * AVOptions provide a generic system to declare options on arbitrary structs
40 * ("objects"). An option can have a help text, a type and a range of possible
41 * values. Options may then be enumerated, read and written to.
42 *
43 * @section avoptions_implement Implementing AVOptions
44 * This section describes how to add AVOptions capabilities to a struct.
45 *
46 * All AVOptions-related information is stored in an AVClass. Therefore
47 * the first member of the struct must be a pointer to an AVClass describing it.
48 * The option field of the AVClass must be set to a NULL-terminated static array
49 * of AVOptions. Each AVOption must have a non-empty name, a type, a default
50 * value and for number-type AVOptions also a range of allowed values. It must
51 * also declare an offset in bytes from the start of the struct, where the field
52 * associated with this AVOption is located. Other fields in the AVOption struct
53 * should also be set when applicable, but are not required.
54 *
55 * The following example illustrates an AVOptions-enabled struct:
56 * @code
57 * typedef struct test_struct {
58 *     AVClass *class;
59 *     int      int_opt;
60 *     char    *str_opt;
61 *     uint8_t *bin_opt;
62 *     int      bin_len;
63 * } test_struct;
64 *
65 * static const AVOption options[] = {
66 *   { "test_int", "This is a test option of int type.", offsetof(test_struct, int_opt),
67 *     AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, { -1 }, INT_MIN, INT_MAX },
68 *   { "test_str", "This is a test option of string type.", offsetof(test_struct, str_opt),
69 *     AV_OPT_TYPE_STRING },
70 *   { "test_bin", "This is a test option of binary type.", offsetof(test_struct, bin_opt),
71 *     AV_OPT_TYPE_BINARY },
72 *   { NULL },
73 * };
74 *
75 * static const AVClass test_class = {
76 *     .class_name = "test class",
77 *     .item_name  = av_default_item_name,
78 *     .option     = options,
79 *     .version    = LIBAVUTIL_VERSION_INT,
80 * };
81 * @endcode
82 *
83 * Next, when allocating your struct, you must ensure that the AVClass pointer
84 * is set to the correct value. Then, av_opt_set_defaults() must be called to
85 * initialize defaults. After that the struct is ready to be used with the
86 * AVOptions API.
87 *
88 * When cleaning up, you may use the av_opt_free() function to automatically
89 * free all the allocated string and binary options.
90 *
91 * Continuing with the above example:
92 *
93 * @code
94 * test_struct *alloc_test_struct(void)
95 * {
96 *     test_struct *ret = av_malloc(sizeof(*ret));
97 *     ret->class = &test_class;
98 *     av_opt_set_defaults(ret);
99 *     return ret;
100 * }
101 * void free_test_struct(test_struct **foo)
102 * {
103 *     av_opt_free(*foo);
104 *     av_freep(foo);
105 * }
106 * @endcode
107 *
108 * @subsection avoptions_implement_nesting Nesting
109 *      It may happen that an AVOptions-enabled struct contains another
110 *      AVOptions-enabled struct as a member (e.g. AVCodecContext in
111 *      libavcodec exports generic options, while its priv_data field exports
112 *      codec-specific options). In such a case, it is possible to set up the
113 *      parent struct to export a child's options. To do that, simply
114 *      implement AVClass.child_next() and AVClass.child_class_next() in the
115 *      parent struct's AVClass.
116 *      Assuming that the test_struct from above now also contains a
117 *      child_struct field:
118 *
119 *      @code
120 *      typedef struct child_struct {
121 *          AVClass *class;
122 *          int flags_opt;
123 *      } child_struct;
124 *      static const AVOption child_opts[] = {
125 *          { "test_flags", "This is a test option of flags type.",
126 *            offsetof(child_struct, flags_opt), AV_OPT_TYPE_FLAGS, { 0 }, INT_MIN, INT_MAX },
127 *          { NULL },
128 *      };
129 *      static const AVClass child_class = {
130 *          .class_name = "child class",
131 *          .item_name  = av_default_item_name,
132 *          .option     = child_opts,
133 *          .version    = LIBAVUTIL_VERSION_INT,
134 *      };
135 *
136 *      void *child_next(void *obj, void *prev)
137 *      {
138 *          test_struct *t = obj;
139 *          if (!prev && t->child_struct)
140 *              return t->child_struct;
141 *          return NULL
142 *      }
143 *      const AVClass child_class_next(const AVClass *prev)
144 *      {
145 *          return prev ? NULL : &child_class;
146 *      }
147 *      @endcode
148 *      Putting child_next() and child_class_next() as defined above into
149 *      test_class will now make child_struct's options accessible through
150 *      test_struct (again, proper setup as described above needs to be done on
151 *      child_struct right after it is created).
152 *
153 *      From the above example it might not be clear why both child_next()
154 *      and child_class_next() are needed. The distinction is that child_next()
155 *      iterates over actually existing objects, while child_class_next()
156 *      iterates over all possible child classes. E.g. if an AVCodecContext
157 *      was initialized to use a codec which has private options, then its
158 *      child_next() will return AVCodecContext.priv_data and finish
159 *      iterating. OTOH child_class_next() on AVCodecContext.av_class will
160 *      iterate over all available codecs with private options.
161 *
162 * @subsection avoptions_implement_named_constants Named constants
163 *      It is possible to create named constants for options. Simply set the unit
164 *      field of the option the constants should apply to to a string and
165 *      create the constants themselves as options of type AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST
166 *      with their unit field set to the same string.
167 *      Their default_val field should contain the value of the named
168 *      constant.
169 *      For example, to add some named constants for the test_flags option
170 *      above, put the following into the child_opts array:
171 *      @code
172 *      { "test_flags", "This is a test option of flags type.",
173 *        offsetof(child_struct, flags_opt), AV_OPT_TYPE_FLAGS, { 0 }, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, "test_unit" },
174 *      { "flag1", "This is a flag with value 16", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, { 16 }, 0, 0, "test_unit" },
175 *      @endcode
176 *
177 * @section avoptions_use Using AVOptions
178 * This section deals with accessing options in an AVOptions-enabled struct.
179 * Such structs in Libav are e.g. AVCodecContext in libavcodec or
180 * AVFormatContext in libavformat.
181 *
182 * @subsection avoptions_use_examine Examining AVOptions
183 * The basic functions for examining options are av_opt_next(), which iterates
184 * over all options defined for one object, and av_opt_find(), which searches
185 * for an option with the given name.
186 *
187 * The situation is more complicated with nesting. An AVOptions-enabled struct
188 * may have AVOptions-enabled children. Passing the AV_OPT_SEARCH_CHILDREN flag
189 * to av_opt_find() will make the function search children recursively.
190 *
191 * For enumerating there are basically two cases. The first is when you want to
192 * get all options that may potentially exist on the struct and its children
193 * (e.g.  when constructing documentation). In that case you should call
194 * av_opt_child_class_next() recursively on the parent struct's AVClass.  The
195 * second case is when you have an already initialized struct with all its
196 * children and you want to get all options that can be actually written or read
197 * from it. In that case you should call av_opt_child_next() recursively (and
198 * av_opt_next() on each result).
199 *
200 * @subsection avoptions_use_get_set Reading and writing AVOptions
201 * When setting options, you often have a string read directly from the
202 * user. In such a case, simply passing it to av_opt_set() is enough. For
203 * non-string type options, av_opt_set() will parse the string according to the
204 * option type.
205 *
206 * Similarly av_opt_get() will read any option type and convert it to a string
207 * which will be returned. Do not forget that the string is allocated, so you
208 * have to free it with av_free().
209 *
210 * In some cases it may be more convenient to put all options into an
211 * AVDictionary and call av_opt_set_dict() on it. A specific case of this
212 * are the format/codec open functions in lavf/lavc which take a dictionary
213 * filled with option as a parameter. This allows to set some options
214 * that cannot be set otherwise, since e.g. the input file format is not known
215 * before the file is actually opened.
216 */
217
218enum AVOptionType{
219    AV_OPT_TYPE_FLAGS,
220    AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
221    AV_OPT_TYPE_INT64,
222    AV_OPT_TYPE_DOUBLE,
223    AV_OPT_TYPE_FLOAT,
224    AV_OPT_TYPE_STRING,
225    AV_OPT_TYPE_RATIONAL,
226    AV_OPT_TYPE_BINARY,  ///< offset must point to a pointer immediately followed by an int for the length
227    AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST = 128,
228#if FF_API_OLD_AVOPTIONS
229    FF_OPT_TYPE_FLAGS = 0,
230    FF_OPT_TYPE_INT,
231    FF_OPT_TYPE_INT64,
232    FF_OPT_TYPE_DOUBLE,
233    FF_OPT_TYPE_FLOAT,
234    FF_OPT_TYPE_STRING,
235    FF_OPT_TYPE_RATIONAL,
236    FF_OPT_TYPE_BINARY,  ///< offset must point to a pointer immediately followed by an int for the length
237    FF_OPT_TYPE_CONST=128,
238#endif
239};
240
241/**
242 * AVOption
243 */
244typedef struct AVOption {
245    const char *name;
246
247    /**
248     * short English help text
249     * @todo What about other languages?
250     */
251    const char *help;
252
253    /**
254     * The offset relative to the context structure where the option
255     * value is stored. It should be 0 for named constants.
256     */
257    int offset;
258    enum AVOptionType type;
259
260    /**
261     * the default value for scalar options
262     */
263    union {
264        double dbl;
265        const char *str;
266        /* TODO those are unused now */
267        int64_t i64;
268        AVRational q;
269    } default_val;
270    double min;                 ///< minimum valid value for the option
271    double max;                 ///< maximum valid value for the option
272
273    int flags;
274#define AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM  1   ///< a generic parameter which can be set by the user for muxing or encoding
275#define AV_OPT_FLAG_DECODING_PARAM  2   ///< a generic parameter which can be set by the user for demuxing or decoding
276#define AV_OPT_FLAG_METADATA        4   ///< some data extracted or inserted into the file like title, comment, ...
277#define AV_OPT_FLAG_AUDIO_PARAM     8
278#define AV_OPT_FLAG_VIDEO_PARAM     16
279#define AV_OPT_FLAG_SUBTITLE_PARAM  32
280//FIXME think about enc-audio, ... style flags
281
282    /**
283     * The logical unit to which the option belongs. Non-constant
284     * options and corresponding named constants share the same
285     * unit. May be NULL.
286     */
287    const char *unit;
288} AVOption;
289
290#if FF_API_FIND_OPT
291/**
292 * Look for an option in obj. Look only for the options which
293 * have the flags set as specified in mask and flags (that is,
294 * for which it is the case that opt->flags & mask == flags).
295 *
296 * @param[in] obj a pointer to a struct whose first element is a
297 * pointer to an AVClass
298 * @param[in] name the name of the option to look for
299 * @param[in] unit the unit of the option to look for, or any if NULL
300 * @return a pointer to the option found, or NULL if no option
301 * has been found
302 *
303 * @deprecated use av_opt_find.
304 */
305attribute_deprecated
306const AVOption *av_find_opt(void *obj, const char *name, const char *unit, int mask, int flags);
307#endif
308
309#if FF_API_OLD_AVOPTIONS
310/**
311 * Set the field of obj with the given name to value.
312 *
313 * @param[in] obj A struct whose first element is a pointer to an
314 * AVClass.
315 * @param[in] name the name of the field to set
316 * @param[in] val The value to set. If the field is not of a string
317 * type, then the given string is parsed.
318 * SI postfixes and some named scalars are supported.
319 * If the field is of a numeric type, it has to be a numeric or named
320 * scalar. Behavior with more than one scalar and +- infix operators
321 * is undefined.
322 * If the field is of a flags type, it has to be a sequence of numeric
323 * scalars or named flags separated by '+' or '-'. Prefixing a flag
324 * with '+' causes it to be set without affecting the other flags;
325 * similarly, '-' unsets a flag.
326 * @param[out] o_out if non-NULL put here a pointer to the AVOption
327 * found
328 * @param alloc this parameter is currently ignored
329 * @return 0 if the value has been set, or an AVERROR code in case of
330 * error:
331 * AVERROR_OPTION_NOT_FOUND if no matching option exists
332 * AVERROR(ERANGE) if the value is out of range
333 * AVERROR(EINVAL) if the value is not valid
334 * @deprecated use av_opt_set()
335 */
336attribute_deprecated
337int av_set_string3(void *obj, const char *name, const char *val, int alloc, const AVOption **o_out);
338
339attribute_deprecated const AVOption *av_set_double(void *obj, const char *name, double n);
340attribute_deprecated const AVOption *av_set_q(void *obj, const char *name, AVRational n);
341attribute_deprecated const AVOption *av_set_int(void *obj, const char *name, int64_t n);
342
343attribute_deprecated double av_get_double(void *obj, const char *name, const AVOption **o_out);
344attribute_deprecated AVRational av_get_q(void *obj, const char *name, const AVOption **o_out);
345attribute_deprecated int64_t av_get_int(void *obj, const char *name, const AVOption **o_out);
346attribute_deprecated const char *av_get_string(void *obj, const char *name, const AVOption **o_out, char *buf, int buf_len);
347attribute_deprecated const AVOption *av_next_option(void *obj, const AVOption *last);
348#endif
349
350/**
351 * Show the obj options.
352 *
353 * @param req_flags requested flags for the options to show. Show only the
354 * options for which it is opt->flags & req_flags.
355 * @param rej_flags rejected flags for the options to show. Show only the
356 * options for which it is !(opt->flags & req_flags).
357 * @param av_log_obj log context to use for showing the options
358 */
359int av_opt_show2(void *obj, void *av_log_obj, int req_flags, int rej_flags);
360
361/**
362 * Set the values of all AVOption fields to their default values.
363 *
364 * @param s an AVOption-enabled struct (its first member must be a pointer to AVClass)
365 */
366void av_opt_set_defaults(void *s);
367
368#if FF_API_OLD_AVOPTIONS
369attribute_deprecated
370void av_opt_set_defaults2(void *s, int mask, int flags);
371#endif
372
373/**
374 * Parse the key/value pairs list in opts. For each key/value pair
375 * found, stores the value in the field in ctx that is named like the
376 * key. ctx must be an AVClass context, storing is done using
377 * AVOptions.
378 *
379 * @param key_val_sep a 0-terminated list of characters used to
380 * separate key from value
381 * @param pairs_sep a 0-terminated list of characters used to separate
382 * two pairs from each other
383 * @return the number of successfully set key/value pairs, or a negative
384 * value corresponding to an AVERROR code in case of error:
385 * AVERROR(EINVAL) if opts cannot be parsed,
386 * the error code issued by av_set_string3() if a key/value pair
387 * cannot be set
388 */
389int av_set_options_string(void *ctx, const char *opts,
390                          const char *key_val_sep, const char *pairs_sep);
391
392/**
393 * Free all string and binary options in obj.
394 */
395void av_opt_free(void *obj);
396
397/**
398 * Check whether a particular flag is set in a flags field.
399 *
400 * @param field_name the name of the flag field option
401 * @param flag_name the name of the flag to check
402 * @return non-zero if the flag is set, zero if the flag isn't set,
403 *         isn't of the right type, or the flags field doesn't exist.
404 */
405int av_opt_flag_is_set(void *obj, const char *field_name, const char *flag_name);
406
407/*
408 * Set all the options from a given dictionary on an object.
409 *
410 * @param obj a struct whose first element is a pointer to AVClass
411 * @param options options to process. This dictionary will be freed and replaced
412 *                by a new one containing all options not found in obj.
413 *                Of course this new dictionary needs to be freed by caller
414 *                with av_dict_free().
415 *
416 * @return 0 on success, a negative AVERROR if some option was found in obj,
417 *         but could not be set.
418 *
419 * @see av_dict_copy()
420 */
421int av_opt_set_dict(void *obj, struct AVDictionary **options);
422
423/**
424 * @defgroup opt_eval_funcs Evaluating option strings
425 * @{
426 * This group of functions can be used to evaluate option strings
427 * and get numbers out of them. They do the same thing as av_opt_set(),
428 * except the result is written into the caller-supplied pointer.
429 *
430 * @param obj a struct whose first element is a pointer to AVClass.
431 * @param o an option for which the string is to be evaluated.
432 * @param val string to be evaluated.
433 * @param *_out value of the string will be written here.
434 *
435 * @return 0 on success, a negative number on failure.
436 */
437int av_opt_eval_flags (void *obj, const AVOption *o, const char *val, int        *flags_out);
438int av_opt_eval_int   (void *obj, const AVOption *o, const char *val, int        *int_out);
439int av_opt_eval_int64 (void *obj, const AVOption *o, const char *val, int64_t    *int64_out);
440int av_opt_eval_float (void *obj, const AVOption *o, const char *val, float      *float_out);
441int av_opt_eval_double(void *obj, const AVOption *o, const char *val, double     *double_out);
442int av_opt_eval_q     (void *obj, const AVOption *o, const char *val, AVRational *q_out);
443/**
444 * @}
445 */
446
447#define AV_OPT_SEARCH_CHILDREN   0x0001 /**< Search in possible children of the
448                                             given object first. */
449/**
450 *  The obj passed to av_opt_find() is fake -- only a double pointer to AVClass
451 *  instead of a required pointer to a struct containing AVClass. This is
452 *  useful for searching for options without needing to allocate the corresponding
453 *  object.
454 */
455#define AV_OPT_SEARCH_FAKE_OBJ   0x0002
456
457/**
458 * Look for an option in an object. Consider only options which
459 * have all the specified flags set.
460 *
461 * @param[in] obj A pointer to a struct whose first element is a
462 *                pointer to an AVClass.
463 *                Alternatively a double pointer to an AVClass, if
464 *                AV_OPT_SEARCH_FAKE_OBJ search flag is set.
465 * @param[in] name The name of the option to look for.
466 * @param[in] unit When searching for named constants, name of the unit
467 *                 it belongs to.
468 * @param opt_flags Find only options with all the specified flags set (AV_OPT_FLAG).
469 * @param search_flags A combination of AV_OPT_SEARCH_*.
470 *
471 * @return A pointer to the option found, or NULL if no option
472 *         was found.
473 *
474 * @note Options found with AV_OPT_SEARCH_CHILDREN flag may not be settable
475 * directly with av_set_string3(). Use special calls which take an options
476 * AVDictionary (e.g. avformat_open_input()) to set options found with this
477 * flag.
478 */
479const AVOption *av_opt_find(void *obj, const char *name, const char *unit,
480                            int opt_flags, int search_flags);
481
482/**
483 * Look for an option in an object. Consider only options which
484 * have all the specified flags set.
485 *
486 * @param[in] obj A pointer to a struct whose first element is a
487 *                pointer to an AVClass.
488 *                Alternatively a double pointer to an AVClass, if
489 *                AV_OPT_SEARCH_FAKE_OBJ search flag is set.
490 * @param[in] name The name of the option to look for.
491 * @param[in] unit When searching for named constants, name of the unit
492 *                 it belongs to.
493 * @param opt_flags Find only options with all the specified flags set (AV_OPT_FLAG).
494 * @param search_flags A combination of AV_OPT_SEARCH_*.
495 * @param[out] target_obj if non-NULL, an object to which the option belongs will be
496 * written here. It may be different from obj if AV_OPT_SEARCH_CHILDREN is present
497 * in search_flags. This parameter is ignored if search_flags contain
498 * AV_OPT_SEARCH_FAKE_OBJ.
499 *
500 * @return A pointer to the option found, or NULL if no option
501 *         was found.
502 */
503const AVOption *av_opt_find2(void *obj, const char *name, const char *unit,
504                             int opt_flags, int search_flags, void **target_obj);
505
506/**
507 * Iterate over all AVOptions belonging to obj.
508 *
509 * @param obj an AVOptions-enabled struct or a double pointer to an
510 *            AVClass describing it.
511 * @param prev result of the previous call to av_opt_next() on this object
512 *             or NULL
513 * @return next AVOption or NULL
514 */
515const AVOption *av_opt_next(void *obj, const AVOption *prev);
516
517/**
518 * Iterate over AVOptions-enabled children of obj.
519 *
520 * @param prev result of a previous call to this function or NULL
521 * @return next AVOptions-enabled child or NULL
522 */
523void *av_opt_child_next(void *obj, void *prev);
524
525/**
526 * Iterate over potential AVOptions-enabled children of parent.
527 *
528 * @param prev result of a previous call to this function or NULL
529 * @return AVClass corresponding to next potential child or NULL
530 */
531const AVClass *av_opt_child_class_next(const AVClass *parent, const AVClass *prev);
532
533/**
534 * @defgroup opt_set_funcs Option setting functions
535 * @{
536 * Those functions set the field of obj with the given name to value.
537 *
538 * @param[in] obj A struct whose first element is a pointer to an AVClass.
539 * @param[in] name the name of the field to set
540 * @param[in] val The value to set. In case of av_opt_set() if the field is not
541 * of a string type, then the given string is parsed.
542 * SI postfixes and some named scalars are supported.
543 * If the field is of a numeric type, it has to be a numeric or named
544 * scalar. Behavior with more than one scalar and +- infix operators
545 * is undefined.
546 * If the field is of a flags type, it has to be a sequence of numeric
547 * scalars or named flags separated by '+' or '-'. Prefixing a flag
548 * with '+' causes it to be set without affecting the other flags;
549 * similarly, '-' unsets a flag.
550 * @param search_flags flags passed to av_opt_find2. I.e. if AV_OPT_SEARCH_CHILDREN
551 * is passed here, then the option may be set on a child of obj.
552 *
553 * @return 0 if the value has been set, or an AVERROR code in case of
554 * error:
555 * AVERROR_OPTION_NOT_FOUND if no matching option exists
556 * AVERROR(ERANGE) if the value is out of range
557 * AVERROR(EINVAL) if the value is not valid
558 */
559int av_opt_set       (void *obj, const char *name, const char *val, int search_flags);
560int av_opt_set_int   (void *obj, const char *name, int64_t     val, int search_flags);
561int av_opt_set_double(void *obj, const char *name, double      val, int search_flags);
562int av_opt_set_q     (void *obj, const char *name, AVRational  val, int search_flags);
563/**
564 * @}
565 */
566
567/**
568 * @defgroup opt_get_funcs Option getting functions
569 * @{
570 * Those functions get a value of the option with the given name from an object.
571 *
572 * @param[in] obj a struct whose first element is a pointer to an AVClass.
573 * @param[in] name name of the option to get.
574 * @param[in] search_flags flags passed to av_opt_find2. I.e. if AV_OPT_SEARCH_CHILDREN
575 * is passed here, then the option may be found in a child of obj.
576 * @param[out] out_val value of the option will be written here
577 * @return 0 on success, a negative error code otherwise
578 */
579/**
580 * @note the returned string will av_malloc()ed and must be av_free()ed by the caller
581 */
582int av_opt_get       (void *obj, const char *name, int search_flags, uint8_t   **out_val);
583int av_opt_get_int   (void *obj, const char *name, int search_flags, int64_t    *out_val);
584int av_opt_get_double(void *obj, const char *name, int search_flags, double     *out_val);
585int av_opt_get_q     (void *obj, const char *name, int search_flags, AVRational *out_val);
586/**
587 * @}
588 * @}
589 */
590
591#endif /* AVUTIL_OPT_H */
592