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@(#)time.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
.Dd January 24, 2009 .Dt TIME 1 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm time .Nd time command execution .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Op Fl clp .Ar utility .Op Ar argument ... .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Nm utility executes and times .Ar utility . After the .Ar utility finishes, .Nm writes the total time elapsed, the time consumed by system overhead, and the time used to execute .Ar utility to the standard error stream. Times are reported in seconds.
p Available options: l -tag -width Ds t Fl c Displays the default .Xr csh 1 summary format. t Fl l Lists resource utilization information. The contents of the .Ar utility process' .Em rusage structure are printed, see below. t Fl p The output is formatted as specified by .St -p1003.2-92 . .El
p Some shells, such as .Xr csh 1 and .Xr ksh 1 , have their own and syntactically different builtin version of .Nm . The utility described here is available as
a /usr/bin/time to users of these shells. .Ss Resource Utilization If the .Fl l option is given, the following resource usage informations are displayed in addition to the timing information: l -item -offset indent -compact t maximum resident set size t average shared memory size t average unshared data size t average unshared stack size t page reclaims t page faults t swaps t block input operations t block output operations t messages sent t messages received t signals received t voluntary context switches t involuntary context switches .El .Sh EXIT STATUS The .Nm utility exits with one of the following values: l -tag -width indent t 1-125 An error occurred in the .Nm utility. t 126 The .Ar utility was found but could not be invoked. t 127 The .Ar utility could not be found. .El
p Otherwise, the exit status of .Nm will be that of .Ar utility . .Sh FILES l -tag -width \*[Lt]sys/resource.h\*[Gt] -compact t \*[Lt]sys/resource.h\*[Gt] .El .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr csh 1 , .Xr ksh 1 , .Xr getrusage 2 .Sh STANDARDS The .Nm utility conforms to .St -p1003.2-92 . .Sh BUGS The granularity of seconds on microprocessors is crude and can result in times being reported for CPU usage which are too large by a second.