1/*	$NetBSD: subr_iostat.c,v 1.26 2024/05/04 13:33:18 mlelstv Exp $	*/
2/*	NetBSD: subr_disk.c,v 1.69 2005/05/29 22:24:15 christos Exp	*/
3
4/*-
5 * Copyright (c) 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2009 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
6 * All rights reserved.
7 *
8 * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
9 * by Jason R. Thorpe of the Numerical Aerospace Simulation Facility,
10 * NASA Ames Research Center.
11 *
12 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
13 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
14 * are met:
15 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
16 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
17 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
18 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
19 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
20 *
21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
22 * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
23 * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
24 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
25 * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
26 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
27 * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
28 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
29 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
30 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
31 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
32 */
33
34/*
35 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1988, 1993
36 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
37 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
38 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
39 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
40 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
41 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
42 *
43 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
44 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
45 * are met:
46 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
47 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
48 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
49 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
50 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
51 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
52 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
53 *    without specific prior written permission.
54 *
55 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
56 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
57 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
58 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
59 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
60 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
61 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
62 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
63 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
64 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
65 * SUCH DAMAGE.
66 *
67 *	@(#)ufs_disksubr.c	8.5 (Berkeley) 1/21/94
68 */
69
70#include <sys/cdefs.h>
71__KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: subr_iostat.c,v 1.26 2024/05/04 13:33:18 mlelstv Exp $");
72
73#include <sys/param.h>
74#include <sys/kernel.h>
75#include <sys/kmem.h>
76#include <sys/iostat.h>
77#include <sys/sysctl.h>
78#include <sys/rwlock.h>
79
80/*
81 * Function prototypes for sysctl nodes
82 */
83static int	sysctl_hw_disknames(SYSCTLFN_PROTO);
84static int	sysctl_hw_iostatnames(SYSCTLFN_PROTO);
85static int	sysctl_hw_iostats(SYSCTLFN_PROTO);
86
87static int
88iostati_getnames(int disk_only, char *oldp, size_t *oldlenp, const void *newp,
89		u_int namelen);
90
91/*
92 * A global list of all drives attached to the system.  May grow or
93 * shrink over time.
94 */
95struct iostatlist_head iostatlist = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(iostatlist);
96int iostat_count;		/* number of drives in global drivelist */
97krwlock_t iostatlist_lock;
98
99static void sysctl_io_stats_setup(struct sysctllog **);
100
101/*
102 * Initialise the iostat subsystem.
103 */
104void
105iostat_init(void)
106{
107
108	rw_init(&iostatlist_lock);
109	sysctl_io_stats_setup(NULL);
110}
111
112/*
113 * Searches the iostatlist for the iostat corresponding to the
114 * name provided.
115 */
116struct io_stats *
117iostat_find(const char *name)
118{
119	struct io_stats *iostatp;
120
121	KASSERT(name != NULL);
122
123	rw_enter(&iostatlist_lock, RW_READER);
124	TAILQ_FOREACH(iostatp, &iostatlist, io_link) {
125		if (strcmp(iostatp->io_name, name) == 0) {
126			break;
127		}
128	}
129	rw_exit(&iostatlist_lock);
130
131	return iostatp;
132}
133
134/*
135 * Allocate and initialise memory for the i/o statistics.
136 */
137struct io_stats *
138iostat_alloc(int32_t type, void *parent, const char *name)
139{
140	struct io_stats *stats;
141
142	stats = kmem_zalloc(sizeof(*stats), KM_SLEEP);
143	stats->io_type = type;
144	stats->io_parent = parent;
145	(void)strlcpy(stats->io_name, name, sizeof(stats->io_name));
146
147	/*
148	 * Set the attached timestamp.
149	 */
150	getmicrouptime(&stats->io_attachtime);
151
152	/*
153	 * Link into the drivelist.
154	 */
155	rw_enter(&iostatlist_lock, RW_WRITER);
156	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&iostatlist, stats, io_link);
157	iostat_count++;
158	rw_exit(&iostatlist_lock);
159
160	return stats;
161}
162
163/*
164 * Remove i/o from stats collection.
165 */
166void
167iostat_free(struct io_stats *stats)
168{
169
170	/*
171	 * Remove from the iostat list.
172	 */
173	if (iostat_count == 0)
174		panic("iostat_free: iostat_count == 0");
175	rw_enter(&iostatlist_lock, RW_WRITER);
176	TAILQ_REMOVE(&iostatlist, stats, io_link);
177	iostat_count--;
178	rw_exit(&iostatlist_lock);
179	kmem_free(stats, sizeof(*stats));
180}
181
182/*
183 * Rename i/o stats.
184 */
185void
186iostat_rename(struct io_stats *stats, const char *name)
187{
188
189	rw_enter(&iostatlist_lock, RW_WRITER);
190	(void)strlcpy(stats->io_name, name, sizeof(stats->io_name));
191	rw_exit(&iostatlist_lock);
192}
193
194/*
195 * multiply timeval by unsigned integer and add to result
196 */
197static void
198timermac(struct timeval *a, uint64_t count, struct timeval *res)
199{
200	struct timeval part = *a;
201
202	while (count) {
203		if (count & 1)
204			timeradd(res, &part, res);
205		timeradd(&part, &part, &part);
206		count >>= 1;
207	}
208}
209
210/*
211 * Increment the iostat wait counter.
212 * Accumulate wait time and timesum.
213 *
214 * Wait time is spent in the device bufq.
215 */
216void
217iostat_wait(struct io_stats *stats)
218{
219	struct timeval dv_time, diff_time;
220	int32_t count;
221
222	KASSERT(stats->io_wait >= 0);
223
224	getmicrouptime(&dv_time);
225
226	timersub(&dv_time, &stats->io_waitstamp, &diff_time);
227	count = stats->io_wait++;
228	if (count != 0) {
229		timermac(&diff_time, count, &stats->io_waitsum);
230		timeradd(&stats->io_waittime, &diff_time, &stats->io_waittime);
231	}
232	stats->io_waitstamp = dv_time;
233}
234
235/*
236 * Decrement the iostat wait counter.
237 * Increment the iostat busy counter.
238 * Accumulate wait and busy times and timesums.
239 *
240 * Busy time is spent being processed by the device.
241 *
242 * Old devices do not yet measure wait time, so skip
243 * processing it if the counter is still zero.
244 */
245void
246iostat_busy(struct io_stats *stats)
247{
248	struct timeval dv_time, diff_time;
249	int32_t count;
250
251	KASSERT(stats->io_wait >= 0); /* > 0 when iostat_wait is used */
252	KASSERT(stats->io_busy >= 0);
253
254	getmicrouptime(&dv_time);
255
256	timersub(&dv_time, &stats->io_waitstamp, &diff_time);
257	if (stats->io_wait != 0) {
258		count = stats->io_wait--;
259		timermac(&diff_time, count, &stats->io_waitsum);
260		timeradd(&stats->io_waittime, &diff_time, &stats->io_waittime);
261	}
262	stats->io_waitstamp = dv_time;
263
264	timersub(&dv_time, &stats->io_busystamp, &diff_time);
265	count = stats->io_busy++;
266	if (count != 0) {
267		timermac(&diff_time, count, &stats->io_busysum);
268		timeradd(&stats->io_busytime, &diff_time, &stats->io_busytime);
269	}
270	stats->io_busystamp = dv_time;
271}
272
273/*
274 * Decrement the iostat busy counter, increment the byte count.
275 * Accumulate busy time and timesum.
276 */
277void
278iostat_unbusy(struct io_stats *stats, long bcount, int read)
279{
280	struct timeval dv_time, diff_time;
281	int32_t count;
282
283	KASSERT(stats->io_busy > 0);
284
285	getmicrouptime(&dv_time);
286	stats->io_timestamp = dv_time;
287
288	/* any op */
289	timersub(&dv_time, &stats->io_busystamp, &diff_time);
290	count = stats->io_busy--;
291	timermac(&diff_time, count, &stats->io_busysum);
292	timeradd(&stats->io_busytime, &diff_time, &stats->io_busytime);
293	stats->io_busystamp = dv_time;
294
295	if (bcount > 0) {
296		if (read) {
297			stats->io_rbytes += bcount;
298			stats->io_rxfer++;
299		} else {
300			stats->io_wbytes += bcount;
301			stats->io_wxfer++;
302		}
303	}
304}
305
306/*
307 * Return non-zero if a device has an I/O request in flight.
308 */
309bool
310iostat_isbusy(struct io_stats *stats)
311{
312
313	return stats->io_busy != 0;
314}
315
316/*
317 * Increment the seek counter.  This does look almost redundant but it
318 * abstracts the stats gathering.
319 */
320void
321iostat_seek(struct io_stats *stats)
322{
323
324	stats->io_seek++;
325}
326
327static int
328sysctl_hw_disknames(SYSCTLFN_ARGS)
329{
330
331	return iostati_getnames(1, oldp, oldlenp, newp, namelen);
332}
333
334static int
335sysctl_hw_iostatnames(SYSCTLFN_ARGS)
336{
337
338	return iostati_getnames(0, oldp, oldlenp, newp, namelen);
339}
340
341static int
342iostati_getnames(int disk_only, char *oldp, size_t *oldlenp, const void *newp,
343		 u_int namelen)
344{
345	char bf[IOSTATNAMELEN + 1];
346	char *where = oldp;
347	struct io_stats *stats;
348	size_t needed, left, slen;
349	int error, first;
350
351	if (newp != NULL)
352		return (EPERM);
353	if (namelen != 0)
354		return (EINVAL);
355
356	first = 1;
357	error = 0;
358	needed = 0;
359	left = *oldlenp;
360
361	rw_enter(&iostatlist_lock, RW_READER);
362	for (stats = TAILQ_FIRST(&iostatlist); stats != NULL;
363	    stats = TAILQ_NEXT(stats, io_link)) {
364		if ((disk_only == 1) && (stats->io_type != IOSTAT_DISK))
365			continue;
366
367		if (where == NULL)
368			needed += strlen(stats->io_name) + 1;
369		else {
370			memset(bf, 0, sizeof(bf));
371			if (first) {
372				strncpy(bf, stats->io_name, sizeof(bf));
373				/* account for trailing NUL byte */
374				needed += 1;
375				first = 0;
376			} else {
377				bf[0] = ' ';
378				strncpy(bf + 1, stats->io_name,
379				    sizeof(bf) - 1);
380			}
381			bf[IOSTATNAMELEN] = '\0';
382			slen = strlen(bf);
383			if (left < slen + 1)
384				break;
385			/* +1 to copy out the trailing NUL byte */
386			error = copyout(bf, where, slen + 1);
387			if (error)
388				break;
389			where += slen;
390			needed += slen;
391			left -= slen;
392		}
393	}
394	rw_exit(&iostatlist_lock);
395	*oldlenp = needed;
396	return (error);
397}
398
399static int
400sysctl_hw_iostats(SYSCTLFN_ARGS)
401{
402	struct io_sysctl sdrive;
403	struct io_stats *stats;
404	char *where = oldp;
405	size_t tocopy, left;
406	int error;
407
408	if (newp != NULL)
409		return (EPERM);
410
411	/*
412	 * The original hw.diskstats call was broken and did not require
413	 * the userland to pass in its size of struct disk_sysctl.  This
414	 * was fixed after NetBSD 1.6 was released.
415	 */
416	if (namelen == 0)
417		tocopy = offsetof(struct io_sysctl, busy);
418	else
419		tocopy = name[0];
420
421	if (where == NULL) {
422		*oldlenp = iostat_count * tocopy;
423		return (0);
424	}
425
426	error = 0;
427	left = *oldlenp;
428	memset(&sdrive, 0, sizeof(sdrive));
429	*oldlenp = 0;
430
431	rw_enter(&iostatlist_lock, RW_READER);
432	TAILQ_FOREACH(stats, &iostatlist, io_link) {
433		if (left < tocopy)
434			break;
435
436		strncpy(sdrive.name, stats->io_name, sizeof(sdrive.name));
437		sdrive.attachtime_sec = stats->io_attachtime.tv_sec;
438		sdrive.attachtime_usec = stats->io_attachtime.tv_usec;
439		sdrive.timestamp_sec = stats->io_busystamp.tv_sec;
440		sdrive.timestamp_usec = stats->io_busystamp.tv_usec;
441
442		sdrive.time_sec = stats->io_busytime.tv_sec;
443		sdrive.time_usec = stats->io_busytime.tv_usec;
444
445		sdrive.seek = stats->io_seek;
446
447		sdrive.rxfer = stats->io_rxfer;
448		sdrive.wxfer = stats->io_wxfer;
449		sdrive.xfer = stats->io_rxfer + stats->io_wxfer;
450
451		sdrive.rbytes = stats->io_rbytes;
452		sdrive.wbytes = stats->io_wbytes;
453		sdrive.bytes = stats->io_rbytes + stats->io_wbytes;
454
455		sdrive.wait_sec = stats->io_waittime.tv_sec;
456		sdrive.wait_usec = stats->io_waittime.tv_usec;
457
458		sdrive.time_sec = stats->io_busytime.tv_sec;
459		sdrive.time_usec = stats->io_busytime.tv_usec;
460
461		sdrive.waitsum_sec = stats->io_waitsum.tv_sec;
462		sdrive.waitsum_usec = stats->io_waitsum.tv_usec;
463
464		sdrive.busysum_sec = stats->io_busysum.tv_sec;
465		sdrive.busysum_usec = stats->io_busysum.tv_usec;
466
467		sdrive.busy = stats->io_busy;
468
469		error = copyout(&sdrive, where, uimin(tocopy, sizeof(sdrive)));
470		if (error)
471			break;
472		where += tocopy;
473		*oldlenp += tocopy;
474		left -= tocopy;
475	}
476	rw_exit(&iostatlist_lock);
477	return (error);
478}
479
480static void
481sysctl_io_stats_setup(struct sysctllog **clog)
482{
483
484	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
485		       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT,
486		       CTLTYPE_STRING, "disknames",
487		       SYSCTL_DESCR("List of disk drives present"),
488		       sysctl_hw_disknames, 0, NULL, 0,
489		       CTL_HW, HW_DISKNAMES, CTL_EOL);
490	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
491		       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT,
492		       CTLTYPE_STRING, "iostatnames",
493		       SYSCTL_DESCR("I/O stats are being collected for these"
494				    " devices"),
495		       sysctl_hw_iostatnames, 0, NULL, 0,
496		       CTL_HW, HW_IOSTATNAMES, CTL_EOL);
497	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
498		       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT,
499		       CTLTYPE_STRUCT, "iostats",
500		       SYSCTL_DESCR("Statistics on device I/O operations"),
501		       sysctl_hw_iostats, 0, NULL, 0,
502		       CTL_HW, HW_IOSTATS, CTL_EOL);
503}
504