1/* $NetBSD: mkfs_msdos.c,v 1.15 2019/10/12 09:42:38 martin Exp $ */ 2 3/* 4 * Copyright (c) 1998 Robert Nordier 5 * All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9 * are met: 10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in 14 * the documentation and/or other materials provided with the 15 * distribution. 16 * 17 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS 18 * OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 19 * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 20 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY 21 * DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 22 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE 23 * GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS 24 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER 25 * IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR 26 * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN 27 * IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 28 */ 29 30#if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H 31#include "nbtool_config.h" 32#endif 33 34#include <sys/cdefs.h> 35#ifndef lint 36#if 0 37static const char rcsid[] = 38 "$FreeBSD: src/sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.c,v 1.15 2000/10/10 01:49:37 wollman Exp $"; 39#else 40__RCSID("$NetBSD: mkfs_msdos.c,v 1.15 2019/10/12 09:42:38 martin Exp $"); 41#endif 42#endif /* not lint */ 43 44#include <sys/types.h> 45#include <sys/param.h> 46#include <sys/stat.h> 47#include <sys/time.h> 48#ifndef MAKEFS 49#include <sys/mount.h> 50#include <sys/disk.h> 51#endif 52 53#include <ctype.h> 54#include <err.h> 55#include <errno.h> 56#include <fcntl.h> 57#include <paths.h> 58#include <stdio.h> 59#include <stdlib.h> 60#include <string.h> 61#include <time.h> 62#include <unistd.h> 63#include <signal.h> 64 65#include <util.h> 66#include <disktab.h> 67 68#ifndef MAKEFS 69#include "partutil.h" 70#endif 71#include "mkfs_msdos.h" 72 73#define MAXU16 0xffff /* maximum unsigned 16-bit quantity */ 74#define BPN 4 /* bits per nibble */ 75#define NPB 2 /* nibbles per byte */ 76 77#define DOSMAGIC 0xaa55 /* DOS magic number */ 78#define MINBPS 512 /* minimum bytes per sector */ 79#define MAXSPC 128 /* maximum sectors per cluster */ 80#define MAXNFT 16 /* maximum number of FATs */ 81#define DEFBLK 4096 /* default block size */ 82#define DEFBLK16 2048 /* default block size FAT16 */ 83#define DEFRDE 512 /* default root directory entries */ 84#define RESFTE 2 /* reserved FAT entries */ 85#define MINCLS12 1 /* minimum FAT12 clusters */ 86#define MINCLS16 0xff5 /* minimum FAT16 clusters */ 87#define MINCLS32 0xfff5 /* minimum FAT32 clusters */ 88#define MAXCLS12 0xff4 /* maximum FAT12 clusters */ 89#define MAXCLS16 0xfff4 /* maximum FAT16 clusters */ 90#define MAXCLS32 0xffffff4 /* maximum FAT32 clusters */ 91 92#define mincls(fat_type) ((fat_type) == 12 ? MINCLS12 : \ 93 (fat_type) == 16 ? MINCLS16 : \ 94 MINCLS32) 95 96#define maxcls(fat_type) ((fat_type) == 12 ? MAXCLS12 : \ 97 (fat_type) == 16 ? MAXCLS16 : \ 98 MAXCLS32) 99 100#define mk1(p, x) \ 101 (p) = (u_int8_t)(x) 102 103#define mk2(p, x) \ 104 (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \ 105 (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010) 106 107#define mk4(p, x) \ 108 (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \ 109 (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010), \ 110 (p)[2] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 020), \ 111 (p)[3] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 030) 112 113struct bs { 114 u_int8_t jmp[3]; /* bootstrap entry point */ 115 u_int8_t oem[8]; /* OEM name and version */ 116}; 117 118struct bsbpb { 119 u_int8_t bps[2]; /* bytes per sector */ 120 u_int8_t spc; /* sectors per cluster */ 121 u_int8_t res[2]; /* reserved sectors */ 122 u_int8_t nft; /* number of FATs */ 123 u_int8_t rde[2]; /* root directory entries */ 124 u_int8_t sec[2]; /* total sectors */ 125 u_int8_t mid; /* media descriptor */ 126 u_int8_t spf[2]; /* sectors per FAT */ 127 u_int8_t spt[2]; /* sectors per track */ 128 u_int8_t hds[2]; /* drive heads */ 129 u_int8_t hid[4]; /* hidden sectors */ 130 u_int8_t bsec[4]; /* big total sectors */ 131}; 132 133struct bsxbpb { 134 u_int8_t bspf[4]; /* big sectors per FAT */ 135 u_int8_t xflg[2]; /* FAT control flags */ 136 u_int8_t vers[2]; /* file system version */ 137 u_int8_t rdcl[4]; /* root directory start cluster */ 138 u_int8_t infs[2]; /* file system info sector */ 139 u_int8_t bkbs[2]; /* backup boot sector */ 140 u_int8_t rsvd[12]; /* reserved */ 141}; 142 143struct bsx { 144 u_int8_t drv; /* drive number */ 145 u_int8_t rsvd; /* reserved */ 146 u_int8_t sig; /* extended boot signature */ 147 u_int8_t volid[4]; /* volume ID number */ 148 u_int8_t label[11]; /* volume label */ 149 u_int8_t type[8]; /* file system type */ 150}; 151 152struct de { 153 u_int8_t namext[11]; /* name and extension */ 154 u_int8_t attr; /* attributes */ 155 u_int8_t rsvd[10]; /* reserved */ 156 u_int8_t time[2]; /* creation time */ 157 u_int8_t date[2]; /* creation date */ 158 u_int8_t clus[2]; /* starting cluster */ 159 u_int8_t size[4]; /* size */ 160}; 161 162struct bpb { 163 u_int bps; /* bytes per sector */ 164 u_int spc; /* sectors per cluster */ 165 u_int res; /* reserved sectors */ 166 u_int nft; /* number of FATs */ 167 u_int rde; /* root directory entries */ 168 u_int sec; /* total sectors */ 169 u_int mid; /* media descriptor */ 170 u_int spf; /* sectors per FAT */ 171 u_int spt; /* sectors per track */ 172 u_int hds; /* drive heads */ 173 u_int hid; /* hidden sectors */ 174 u_int bsec; /* big total sectors */ 175 u_int bspf; /* big sectors per FAT */ 176 u_int rdcl; /* root directory start cluster */ 177 u_int infs; /* file system info sector */ 178 u_int bkbs; /* backup boot sector */ 179}; 180 181#define INIT(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) \ 182 { .bps = a, .spc = b, .res = c, .nft = d, .rde = e, \ 183 .sec = f, .mid = g, .spf = h, .spt = i, .hds = j, } 184static struct { 185 const char *name; 186 struct bpb bpb; 187} stdfmt[] = { 188 {"160", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 320, 0xfe, 1, 8, 1)}, 189 {"180", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 360, 0xfc, 2, 9, 1)}, 190 {"320", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 640, 0xff, 1, 8, 2)}, 191 {"360", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 720, 0xfd, 2, 9, 2)}, 192 {"640", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1280, 0xfb, 2, 8, 2)}, 193 {"720", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1440, 0xf9, 3, 9, 2)}, 194 {"1200", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2400, 0xf9, 7, 15, 2)}, 195 {"1232", INIT(1024,1, 1, 2, 192, 1232, 0xfe, 2, 8, 2)}, 196 {"1440", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2880, 0xf0, 9, 18, 2)}, 197 {"2880", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 240, 5760, 0xf0, 9, 36, 2)} 198}; 199 200static u_int8_t bootcode[] = { 201 0xfa, /* cli */ 202 0x31, 0xc0, /* xor ax,ax */ 203 0x8e, 0xd0, /* mov ss,ax */ 204 0xbc, 0x00, 0x7c, /* mov sp,7c00h */ 205 0xfb, /* sti */ 206 0x8e, 0xd8, /* mov ds,ax */ 207 0xe8, 0x00, 0x00, /* call $ + 3 */ 208 0x5e, /* pop si */ 209 0x83, 0xc6, 0x19, /* add si,+19h */ 210 0xbb, 0x07, 0x00, /* mov bx,0007h */ 211 0xfc, /* cld */ 212 0xac, /* lodsb */ 213 0x84, 0xc0, /* test al,al */ 214 0x74, 0x06, /* jz $ + 8 */ 215 0xb4, 0x0e, /* mov ah,0eh */ 216 0xcd, 0x10, /* int 10h */ 217 0xeb, 0xf5, /* jmp $ - 9 */ 218 0x30, 0xe4, /* xor ah,ah */ 219 0xcd, 0x16, /* int 16h */ 220 0xcd, 0x19, /* int 19h */ 221 0x0d, 0x0a, 222 'N', 'o', 'n', '-', 's', 'y', 's', 't', 223 'e', 'm', ' ', 'd', 'i', 's', 'k', 224 0x0d, 0x0a, 225 'P', 'r', 'e', 's', 's', ' ', 'a', 'n', 226 'y', ' ', 'k', 'e', 'y', ' ', 't', 'o', 227 ' ', 'r', 'e', 'b', 'o', 'o', 't', 228 0x0d, 0x0a, 229 0 230}; 231 232static int got_siginfo = 0; /* received a SIGINFO */ 233 234#ifndef MAKEFS 235static int check_mounted(const char *, mode_t); 236#endif 237static int getstdfmt(const char *, struct bpb *); 238static int getbpbinfo(int, const char *, const char *, int, struct bpb *, off_t); 239static void print_bpb(struct bpb *); 240static int ckgeom(const char *, u_int, const char *); 241static int oklabel(const char *); 242static void mklabel(u_int8_t *, const char *); 243static void setstr(u_int8_t *, const char *, size_t); 244static void infohandler(int sig); 245 246int 247mkfs_msdos(const char *fname, const char *dtype, const struct msdos_options *op) 248{ 249 char buf[MAXPATHLEN]; 250 struct stat sb; 251 struct timeval tv; 252 struct bpb bpb; 253 struct tm *tm; 254 struct bs *bs; 255 struct bsbpb *bsbpb; 256 struct bsxbpb *bsxbpb; 257 struct bsx *bsx; 258 struct de *de; 259 u_int8_t *img; 260 const char *bname; 261 ssize_t n; 262 time_t now; 263 u_int bss, rds, cls, dir, lsn, x, x1, x2; 264 int ch, fd, fd1; 265 struct msdos_options o = *op; 266 int oflags = O_RDWR | O_CREAT; 267 bool bspf_is_calculated; 268 269again: 270 bspf_is_calculated = false; 271 if (o.block_size && o.sectors_per_cluster) { 272 warnx("Cannot specify both block size and sectors per cluster"); 273 return -1; 274 } 275 if (o.OEM_string && strlen(o.OEM_string) > 8) { 276 warnx("%s: bad OEM string", o.OEM_string); 277 return -1; 278 } 279 if (o.create_size) { 280 if (o.no_create) { 281 warnx("create (-C) is incompatible with -N"); 282 return -1; 283 } 284 if (o.offset == 0) 285 oflags |= O_TRUNC; 286 fd = open(fname, oflags, 0644); 287 if (fd == -1) { 288 warnx("failed to create %s", fname); 289 return -1; 290 } 291 (void)lseek(fd, o.create_size - 1, SEEK_SET); 292 if (write(fd, "\0", 1) != 1) { 293 warn("failed to set file size"); 294 return -1; 295 } 296 (void)lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET); 297 } else if ((fd = open(fname, o.no_create ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR)) == -1 || 298 fstat(fd, &sb)) { 299 warn("%s", fname); 300 return -1; 301 } 302#ifndef MAKEFS 303 if (!o.no_create) 304 if (check_mounted(fname, sb.st_mode) == -1) 305 return -1; 306#endif 307 if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode) && !o.create_size) { 308 warnx("warning, %s is not a character device", fname); 309 return -1; 310 } 311 if (o.offset && o.offset != lseek(fd, o.offset, SEEK_SET)) { 312 warnx("cannot seek to %jd", (intmax_t)o.offset); 313 return -1; 314 } 315 memset(&bpb, 0, sizeof(bpb)); 316 if (o.floppy) { 317 if (getstdfmt(o.floppy, &bpb) == -1) 318 return -1; 319 bpb.bsec = bpb.sec; 320 bpb.sec = 0; 321 bpb.bspf = bpb.spf; 322 bpb.spf = 0; 323 } 324 if (o.drive_heads) 325 bpb.hds = o.drive_heads; 326 if (o.sectors_per_track) 327 bpb.spt = o.sectors_per_track; 328 if (o.bytes_per_sector) 329 bpb.bps = o.bytes_per_sector; 330 if (o.size) 331 bpb.bsec = o.size; 332 if (o.hidden_sectors_set) 333 bpb.hid = o.hidden_sectors; 334 if (!(o.floppy || (o.drive_heads && o.sectors_per_track && 335 o.bytes_per_sector && o.size && o.hidden_sectors_set))) { 336 if (getbpbinfo(fd, fname, dtype, o.hidden_sectors_set, &bpb, 337 o.create_size) == -1) 338 return -1; 339 bpb.bsec -= (o.offset / bpb.bps); 340 if (bpb.spc == 0) { /* set defaults */ 341 /* minimum cluster size */ 342 switch (o.fat_type) { 343 case 12: 344 bpb.spc = 1; /* use 512 bytes */ 345 x = 2; /* up to 2MB */ 346 break; 347 case 16: 348 bpb.spc = 1; /* use 512 bytes */ 349 x = 32; /* up to 32MB */ 350 break; 351 default: 352 bpb.spc = 8; /* use 4k */ 353 x = 8192; /* up to 8GB */ 354 break; 355 } 356 x1 = howmany(bpb.bsec, (1048576 / 512)); /* -> MB */ 357 while (bpb.spc < 128 && x < x1) { 358 x *= 2; 359 bpb.spc *= 2; 360 } 361 } 362 } 363 364 if (o.volume_label && !oklabel(o.volume_label)) { 365 warnx("%s: bad volume label", o.volume_label); 366 return -1; 367 } 368 369 switch (o.fat_type) { 370 case 0: 371 if (o.floppy) 372 o.fat_type = 12; 373 else if (!o.directory_entries && (o.info_sector || o.backup_sector)) 374 o.fat_type = 32; 375 break; 376 case 12: 377 case 16: 378 if (o.info_sector) { 379 warnx("Cannot specify info sector with FAT%u", o.fat_type); 380 return -1; 381 } 382 if (o.backup_sector) { 383 warnx("Cannot specify backup sector with FAT%u", o.fat_type); 384 return -1; 385 } 386 break; 387 case 32: 388 if (o.directory_entries) { 389 warnx("Cannot specify directory entries with FAT32"); 390 return -1; 391 } 392 break; 393 default: 394 warnx("%d: bad FAT type", o.fat_type); 395 return -1; 396 } 397 if (!powerof2(bpb.bps)) { 398 warnx("bytes/sector (%u) is not a power of 2", bpb.bps); 399 return -1; 400 } 401 if (bpb.bps < MINBPS) { 402 warnx("bytes/sector (%u) is too small; minimum is %u", 403 bpb.bps, MINBPS); 404 return -1; 405 } 406 407 if (o.floppy && o.fat_type == 32) 408 bpb.rde = 0; 409 if (o.block_size) { 410 if (!powerof2(o.block_size)) { 411 warnx("block size (%u) is not a power of 2", o.block_size); 412 return -1; 413 } 414 if (o.block_size < bpb.bps) { 415 warnx("block size (%u) is too small; minimum is %u", 416 o.block_size, bpb.bps); 417 return -1; 418 } 419 if (o.block_size > bpb.bps * MAXSPC) { 420 warnx("block size (%u) is too large; maximum is %u", 421 o.block_size, bpb.bps * MAXSPC); 422 return -1; 423 } 424 bpb.spc = o.block_size / bpb.bps; 425 } 426 if (o.sectors_per_cluster) { 427 if (!powerof2(o.sectors_per_cluster)) { 428 warnx("sectors/cluster (%u) is not a power of 2", 429 o.sectors_per_cluster); 430 return -1; 431 } 432 bpb.spc = o.sectors_per_cluster; 433 } 434 if (o.reserved_sectors) 435 bpb.res = o.reserved_sectors; 436 if (o.num_FAT) { 437 if (o.num_FAT > MAXNFT) { 438 warnx("number of FATs (%u) is too large; maximum is %u", 439 o.num_FAT, MAXNFT); 440 return -1; 441 } 442 bpb.nft = o.num_FAT; 443 } 444 if (o.directory_entries) 445 bpb.rde = o.directory_entries; 446 if (o.media_descriptor_set) { 447 if (o.media_descriptor < 0xf0) { 448 warnx("illegal media descriptor (%#x)", o.media_descriptor); 449 return -1; 450 } 451 bpb.mid = o.media_descriptor; 452 } 453 if (o.sectors_per_fat) 454 bpb.bspf = o.sectors_per_fat; 455 if (o.info_sector) 456 bpb.infs = o.info_sector; 457 if (o.backup_sector) 458 bpb.bkbs = o.backup_sector; 459 bss = 1; 460 bname = NULL; 461 fd1 = -1; 462 if (o.bootstrap) { 463 bname = o.bootstrap; 464 if (!strchr(bname, '/')) { 465 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/boot/%s", bname); 466 if (!(bname = strdup(buf))) { 467 warn(NULL); 468 return -1; 469 } 470 } 471 if ((fd1 = open(bname, O_RDONLY)) == -1 || fstat(fd1, &sb)) { 472 warn("%s", bname); 473 return -1; 474 } 475 if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode) || sb.st_size % bpb.bps || 476 sb.st_size < bpb.bps || sb.st_size > bpb.bps * MAXU16) { 477 warnx("%s: inappropriate file type or format", bname); 478 return -1; 479 } 480 bss = sb.st_size / bpb.bps; 481 } 482 if (!bpb.nft) 483 bpb.nft = 2; 484 if (!o.fat_type) { 485 if (bpb.bsec < (bpb.res ? bpb.res : bss) + 486 howmany((RESFTE + (bpb.spc ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1)) * 487 ((bpb.spc ? 16 : 12) / BPN), bpb.bps * NPB) * 488 bpb.nft + 489 howmany(bpb.rde ? bpb.rde : DEFRDE, 490 bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)) + 491 (bpb.spc ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1) * 492 (bpb.spc ? bpb.spc : howmany(DEFBLK, bpb.bps))) 493 o.fat_type = 12; 494 else if (bpb.rde || bpb.bsec < 495 (bpb.res ? bpb.res : bss) + 496 howmany((RESFTE + MAXCLS16) * 2, bpb.bps) * bpb.nft + 497 howmany(DEFRDE, bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)) + 498 (MAXCLS16 + 1) * 499 (bpb.spc ? bpb.spc : howmany(8192, bpb.bps))) 500 o.fat_type = 16; 501 else 502 o.fat_type = 32; 503 } 504 x = bss; 505 if (o.fat_type == 32) { 506 if (!bpb.infs) { 507 if (x == MAXU16 || x == bpb.bkbs) { 508 warnx("no room for info sector"); 509 return -1; 510 } 511 bpb.infs = x; 512 } 513 if (bpb.infs != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.infs) 514 x = bpb.infs + 1; 515 if (!bpb.bkbs) { 516 if (x == MAXU16) { 517 warnx("no room for backup sector"); 518 return -1; 519 } 520 bpb.bkbs = x; 521 } else if (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && bpb.bkbs == bpb.infs) { 522 warnx("backup sector would overwrite info sector"); 523 return -1; 524 } 525 if (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.bkbs) 526 x = bpb.bkbs + 1; 527 } 528 if (!bpb.res) 529 bpb.res = o.fat_type == 32 ? MAX(x, MAX(16384 / bpb.bps, 4)) : x; 530 else if (bpb.res < x) { 531 warnx("too few reserved sectors (need %d have %d)", x, bpb.res); 532 return -1; 533 } 534 if (o.fat_type != 32 && !bpb.rde) 535 bpb.rde = DEFRDE; 536 rds = howmany(bpb.rde, bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)); 537 if (!bpb.spc) 538 for (bpb.spc = howmany(o.fat_type == 16 ? DEFBLK16 : DEFBLK, bpb.bps); 539 bpb.spc < MAXSPC && 540 bpb.res + 541 howmany((RESFTE + maxcls(o.fat_type)) * (o.fat_type / BPN), 542 bpb.bps * NPB) * bpb.nft + 543 rds + 544 (u_int64_t)(maxcls(o.fat_type) + 1) * bpb.spc <= bpb.bsec; 545 bpb.spc <<= 1); 546 if (o.fat_type != 32 && bpb.bspf > MAXU16) { 547 warnx("too many sectors/FAT for FAT12/16"); 548 return -1; 549 } 550 x1 = bpb.res + rds; 551 x = bpb.bspf ? bpb.bspf : 1; 552 if (x1 + (u_int64_t)x * bpb.nft > bpb.bsec) { 553 warnx("meta data exceeds file system size"); 554 return -1; 555 } 556 x1 += x * bpb.nft; 557 x = (u_int64_t)(bpb.bsec - x1) * bpb.bps * NPB / 558 (bpb.spc * bpb.bps * NPB + o.fat_type / BPN * bpb.nft); 559 x2 = howmany((RESFTE + MIN(x, maxcls(o.fat_type))) * (o.fat_type / BPN), 560 bpb.bps * NPB); 561 if (!bpb.bspf) { 562 bspf_is_calculated = true; 563 bpb.bspf = x2; 564 x1 += (bpb.bspf - 1) * bpb.nft; 565 } 566 cls = (bpb.bsec - x1) / bpb.spc; 567 x = (u_int64_t)bpb.bspf * bpb.bps * NPB / (o.fat_type / BPN) - RESFTE; 568 if (cls > x) 569 cls = x; 570 if (bpb.bspf < x2) { 571 warnx("warning: sectors/FAT limits file system to %u clusters", 572 cls); 573 return -1; 574 } 575 if (cls < mincls(o.fat_type)) { 576 if (bspf_is_calculated && o.sectors_per_cluster == 0 && bpb.spc > 2) { 577 /* retry with smaller cluster size */ 578 o.sectors_per_cluster = 2; 579 goto again; 580 } 581 warnx("%u clusters too few clusters for FAT%u, need %u", cls, 582 o.fat_type, mincls(o.fat_type)); 583 return -1; 584 } 585 if (cls > maxcls(o.fat_type)) { 586 cls = maxcls(o.fat_type); 587 bpb.bsec = x1 + (cls + 1) * bpb.spc - 1; 588 warnx("warning: FAT type limits file system to %u sectors", 589 bpb.bsec); 590 return -1; 591 } 592 printf("%s: %u sector%s in %u FAT%u cluster%s " 593 "(%u bytes/cluster)\n", fname, cls * bpb.spc, 594 cls * bpb.spc == 1 ? "" : "s", cls, o.fat_type, 595 cls == 1 ? "" : "s", bpb.bps * bpb.spc); 596 if (!bpb.mid) 597 bpb.mid = !bpb.hid ? 0xf0 : 0xf8; 598 if (o.fat_type == 32) 599 bpb.rdcl = RESFTE; 600 if (bpb.hid + bpb.bsec <= MAXU16) { 601 bpb.sec = bpb.bsec; 602 bpb.bsec = 0; 603 } 604 if (o.fat_type != 32) { 605 bpb.spf = bpb.bspf; 606 bpb.bspf = 0; 607 } 608 ch = 0; 609 if (o.fat_type == 12) 610 ch = 1; /* 001 Primary DOS with 12 bit FAT */ 611 else if (o.fat_type == 16) { 612 if (bpb.bsec == 0) 613 ch = 4; /* 004 Primary DOS with 16 bit FAT <32M */ 614 else 615 ch = 6; /* 006 Primary 'big' DOS, 16-bit FAT (> 32MB) */ 616 /* 617 * XXX: what about: 618 * 014 DOS (16-bit FAT) - LBA 619 * ? 620 */ 621 } else if (o.fat_type == 32) { 622 ch = 11; /* 011 Primary DOS with 32 bit FAT */ 623 /* 624 * XXX: what about: 625 * 012 Primary DOS with 32 bit FAT - LBA 626 * ? 627 */ 628 } 629 if (ch != 0) 630 printf("MBR type: %d\n", ch); 631 print_bpb(&bpb); 632 if (!o.no_create) { 633 if (o.timestamp_set) { 634 tv.tv_sec = now = o.timestamp; 635 tv.tv_usec = 0; 636 tm = gmtime(&now); 637 } else { 638 gettimeofday(&tv, NULL); 639 now = tv.tv_sec; 640 tm = localtime(&now); 641 } 642 if (!(img = malloc(bpb.bps))) 643 err(1, NULL); 644 dir = bpb.res + (bpb.spf ? bpb.spf : bpb.bspf) * bpb.nft; 645#ifdef SIGINFO 646 signal(SIGINFO, infohandler); 647#endif 648 for (lsn = 0; lsn < dir + (o.fat_type == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds); lsn++) { 649 if (got_siginfo) { 650 fprintf(stderr,"%s: writing sector %u of %u (%u%%)\n", 651 fname,lsn,(dir + (o.fat_type == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds)), 652 (lsn*100)/(dir + (o.fat_type == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds))); 653 got_siginfo = 0; 654 } 655 x = lsn; 656 if (o.bootstrap && 657 o.fat_type == 32 && bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && 658 bss <= bpb.bkbs && x >= bpb.bkbs) { 659 x -= bpb.bkbs; 660 if (!x && lseek(fd1, o.offset, SEEK_SET)) { 661 warn("%s", bname); 662 return -1; 663 } 664 } 665 if (o.bootstrap && x < bss) { 666 if ((n = read(fd1, img, bpb.bps)) == -1) { 667 warn("%s", bname); 668 return -1; 669 } 670 if ((size_t)n != bpb.bps) { 671 warnx("%s: can't read sector %u", bname, x); 672 return -1; 673 } 674 } else 675 memset(img, 0, bpb.bps); 676 if (!lsn || 677 (o.fat_type == 32 && bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && lsn == bpb.bkbs)) { 678 x1 = sizeof(struct bs); 679 bsbpb = (struct bsbpb *)(img + x1); 680 mk2(bsbpb->bps, bpb.bps); 681 mk1(bsbpb->spc, bpb.spc); 682 mk2(bsbpb->res, bpb.res); 683 mk1(bsbpb->nft, bpb.nft); 684 mk2(bsbpb->rde, bpb.rde); 685 mk2(bsbpb->sec, bpb.sec); 686 mk1(bsbpb->mid, bpb.mid); 687 mk2(bsbpb->spf, bpb.spf); 688 mk2(bsbpb->spt, bpb.spt); 689 mk2(bsbpb->hds, bpb.hds); 690 mk4(bsbpb->hid, bpb.hid); 691 mk4(bsbpb->bsec, bpb.bsec); 692 x1 += sizeof(struct bsbpb); 693 if (o.fat_type == 32) { 694 bsxbpb = (struct bsxbpb *)(img + x1); 695 mk4(bsxbpb->bspf, bpb.bspf); 696 mk2(bsxbpb->xflg, 0); 697 mk2(bsxbpb->vers, 0); 698 mk4(bsxbpb->rdcl, bpb.rdcl); 699 mk2(bsxbpb->infs, bpb.infs); 700 mk2(bsxbpb->bkbs, bpb.bkbs); 701 x1 += sizeof(struct bsxbpb); 702 } 703 bsx = (struct bsx *)(img + x1); 704 mk1(bsx->sig, 0x29); 705 if (o.volume_id_set) 706 x = o.volume_id; 707 else 708 x = (((u_int)(1 + tm->tm_mon) << 8 | 709 (u_int)tm->tm_mday) + 710 ((u_int)tm->tm_sec << 8 | 711 (u_int)(tv.tv_usec / 10))) << 16 | 712 ((u_int)(1900 + tm->tm_year) + 713 ((u_int)tm->tm_hour << 8 | 714 (u_int)tm->tm_min)); 715 mk4(bsx->volid, x); 716 mklabel(bsx->label, o.volume_label ? o.volume_label : "NO NAME"); 717 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "FAT%u", o.fat_type); 718 setstr(bsx->type, buf, sizeof(bsx->type)); 719 if (!o.bootstrap) { 720 x1 += sizeof(struct bsx); 721 bs = (struct bs *)img; 722 mk1(bs->jmp[0], 0xeb); 723 mk1(bs->jmp[1], x1 - 2); 724 mk1(bs->jmp[2], 0x90); 725 setstr(bs->oem, o.OEM_string ? o.OEM_string : "NetBSD", 726 sizeof(bs->oem)); 727 memcpy(img + x1, bootcode, sizeof(bootcode)); 728 mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC); 729 } 730 } else if (o.fat_type == 32 && bpb.infs != MAXU16 && 731 (lsn == bpb.infs || 732 (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && 733 lsn == bpb.bkbs + bpb.infs))) { 734 mk4(img, 0x41615252); 735 mk4(img + MINBPS - 28, 0x61417272); 736 mk4(img + MINBPS - 24, 0xffffffff); 737 mk4(img + MINBPS - 20, 0xffffffff); 738 mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC); 739 } else if (lsn >= bpb.res && lsn < dir && 740 !((lsn - bpb.res) % 741 (bpb.spf ? bpb.spf : bpb.bspf))) { 742 mk1(img[0], bpb.mid); 743 for (x = 1; x < o.fat_type * (o.fat_type == 32 ? 3U : 2U) / 8U; x++) 744 mk1(img[x], o.fat_type == 32 && x % 4 == 3 ? 0x0f : 0xff); 745 } else if (lsn == dir && o.volume_label) { 746 de = (struct de *)img; 747 mklabel(de->namext, o.volume_label); 748 mk1(de->attr, 050); 749 x = (u_int)tm->tm_hour << 11 | 750 (u_int)tm->tm_min << 5 | 751 (u_int)tm->tm_sec >> 1; 752 mk2(de->time, x); 753 x = (u_int)(tm->tm_year - 80) << 9 | 754 (u_int)(tm->tm_mon + 1) << 5 | 755 (u_int)tm->tm_mday; 756 mk2(de->date, x); 757 } 758 if ((n = write(fd, img, bpb.bps)) == -1) { 759 warn("%s", fname); 760 return -1; 761 } 762 if ((size_t)n != bpb.bps) { 763 warnx("%s: can't write sector %u", fname, lsn); 764 return -1; 765 } 766 } 767 } 768 return 0; 769} 770 771#ifndef MAKEFS 772/* 773 * return -1 with error if file system is mounted. 774 */ 775static int 776check_mounted(const char *fname, mode_t mode) 777{ 778 struct statvfs *mp; 779 const char *s1, *s2; 780 size_t len; 781 int n, r; 782 783 if (!(n = getmntinfo(&mp, MNT_NOWAIT))) { 784 warn("getmntinfo"); 785 return -1; 786 } 787 len = strlen(_PATH_DEV); 788 s1 = fname; 789 if (!strncmp(s1, _PATH_DEV, len)) 790 s1 += len; 791 r = S_ISCHR(mode) && s1 != fname && *s1 == 'r'; 792 for (; n--; mp++) { 793 s2 = mp->f_mntfromname; 794 if (!strncmp(s2, _PATH_DEV, len)) 795 s2 += len; 796 if ((r && s2 != mp->f_mntfromname && !strcmp(s1 + 1, s2)) || 797 !strcmp(s1, s2)) { 798 warnx("%s is mounted on %s", fname, mp->f_mntonname); 799 return -1; 800 } 801 } 802 return 0; 803} 804#endif 805 806/* 807 * Get a standard format. 808 */ 809static int 810getstdfmt(const char *fmt, struct bpb *bpb) 811{ 812 u_int x, i; 813 814 x = sizeof(stdfmt) / sizeof(stdfmt[0]); 815 for (i = 0; i < x && strcmp(fmt, stdfmt[i].name); i++); 816 if (i == x) { 817 warnx("%s: unknown standard format", fmt); 818 return -1; 819 } 820 *bpb = stdfmt[i].bpb; 821 return 0; 822} 823 824/* 825 * Get disk slice, partition, and geometry information. 826 */ 827static int 828getbpbinfo(int fd, const char *fname, const char *dtype, int iflag, 829 struct bpb *bpb, off_t create_size) 830{ 831 const char *s1, *s2; 832 int part; 833 834 part = -1; 835 s1 = fname; 836 if ((s2 = strrchr(s1, '/'))) 837 s1 = s2 + 1; 838 for (s2 = s1; *s2 && !isdigit((unsigned char)*s2); s2++); 839 if (!*s2 || s2 == s1) 840 s2 = NULL; 841 else 842 while (isdigit((unsigned char)*++s2)); 843 s1 = s2; 844 845#ifndef MAKEFS 846 int maxpartitions = getmaxpartitions(); 847 struct disk_geom geo; 848 struct dkwedge_info dkw; 849 850 // XXX: Does not work with wedges 851 if (s2 && *s2 >= 'a' && *s2 <= 'a' + maxpartitions - 1) { 852 part = *s2++ - 'a'; 853 } 854#endif 855 856 if (!(((part != -1) && ((!iflag && part != -1) || !bpb->bsec)) || 857 !bpb->bps || !bpb->spt || !bpb->hds)) { 858 return 0; 859 } 860 861 u_int sector_size = 512; 862 u_int nsectors = 63; 863 u_int ntracks = 255; 864 u_int size; 865 866 if (create_size == 0) { 867#ifndef MAKEFS 868 if (getdiskinfo(fname, fd, NULL, &geo, &dkw) != -1) { 869 sector_size = geo.dg_secsize; 870 nsectors = geo.dg_nsectors; 871 ntracks = geo.dg_ntracks; 872 size = dkw.dkw_size; 873 } else 874#endif 875 { 876 struct stat st; 877 878 if (fstat(fd, &st) == -1) { 879 warnx("Can't get disk size for `%s'", fname); 880 return -1; 881 } 882 size = st.st_size / sector_size; 883 } 884 } else { 885 size = create_size / sector_size; 886 } 887 888 if (!bpb->bps) { 889 if (ckgeom(fname, sector_size, "bytes/sector") == -1) 890 return -1; 891 bpb->bps = sector_size; 892 } 893 894 if (nsectors > 63) { 895 /* 896 * The kernel doesn't accept BPB with spt > 63. 897 * (see sys/fs/msdosfs/msdosfs_vfsops.c:msdosfs_mountfs()) 898 * If values taken from disklabel don't match these 899 * restrictions, use popular BIOS default values instead. 900 */ 901 nsectors = 63; 902 } 903 if (!bpb->spt) { 904 if (ckgeom(fname, nsectors, "sectors/track") == -1) 905 return -1; 906 bpb->spt = nsectors; 907 } 908 if (!bpb->hds) { 909 if (ckgeom(fname, ntracks, "drive heads") == -1) 910 return -1; 911 bpb->hds = ntracks; 912 } 913 if (!bpb->bsec) 914 bpb->bsec = size; 915 916 return 0; 917} 918 919/* 920 * Print out BPB values. 921 */ 922static void 923print_bpb(struct bpb *bpb) 924{ 925 printf("bps=%u spc=%u res=%u nft=%u", bpb->bps, bpb->spc, bpb->res, 926 bpb->nft); 927 if (bpb->rde) 928 printf(" rde=%u", bpb->rde); 929 if (bpb->sec) 930 printf(" sec=%u", bpb->sec); 931 printf(" mid=%#x", bpb->mid); 932 if (bpb->spf) 933 printf(" spf=%u", bpb->spf); 934 printf(" spt=%u hds=%u hid=%u", bpb->spt, bpb->hds, bpb->hid); 935 if (bpb->bsec) 936 printf(" bsec=%u", bpb->bsec); 937 if (!bpb->spf) { 938 printf(" bspf=%u rdcl=%u", bpb->bspf, bpb->rdcl); 939 printf(" infs="); 940 printf(bpb->infs == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->infs); 941 printf(" bkbs="); 942 printf(bpb->bkbs == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->bkbs); 943 } 944 printf("\n"); 945} 946 947/* 948 * Check a disk geometry value. 949 */ 950static int 951ckgeom(const char *fname, u_int val, const char *msg) 952{ 953 if (!val) { 954 warnx("%s: no default %s", fname, msg); 955 return -1; 956 } 957 if (val > MAXU16) { 958 warnx("%s: illegal %s", fname, msg); 959 return -1; 960 } 961 return 0; 962} 963/* 964 * Check a volume label. 965 */ 966static int 967oklabel(const char *src) 968{ 969 int c, i; 970 971 for (i = 0; i <= 11; i++) { 972 c = (u_char)*src++; 973 if (c < ' ' + !i || strchr("\"*+,./:;<=>?[\\]|", c)) 974 break; 975 } 976 return i && !c; 977} 978 979/* 980 * Make a volume label. 981 */ 982static void 983mklabel(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src) 984{ 985 int c, i; 986 987 for (i = 0; i < 11; i++) { 988 c = *src ? toupper((unsigned char)*src++) : ' '; 989 *dest++ = !i && c == '\xe5' ? 5 : c; 990 } 991} 992 993/* 994 * Copy string, padding with spaces. 995 */ 996static void 997setstr(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src, size_t len) 998{ 999 while (len--) 1000 *dest++ = *src ? *src++ : ' '; 1001} 1002 1003static void 1004infohandler(int sig) 1005{ 1006 got_siginfo = 1; 1007} 1008