newfs.c revision 1.30
1/* $NetBSD: newfs.c,v 1.30 2015/10/15 06:24:33 dholland Exp $ */ 2 3/*- 4 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1992, 1993 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9 * are met: 10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 16 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 17 * without specific prior written permission. 18 * 19 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 20 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 21 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 22 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 23 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 24 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 25 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 26 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 27 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 28 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 29 * SUCH DAMAGE. 30 */ 31 32#include <sys/cdefs.h> 33#ifndef lint 34__COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1992, 1993\ 35 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved."); 36#endif /* not lint */ 37 38#ifndef lint 39#if 0 40static char sccsid[] = "@(#)newfs.c 8.5 (Berkeley) 5/24/95"; 41#else 42__RCSID("$NetBSD: newfs.c,v 1.30 2015/10/15 06:24:33 dholland Exp $"); 43#endif 44#endif /* not lint */ 45 46/* 47 * newfs: friendly front end to mkfs 48 */ 49#include <sys/param.h> 50#include <sys/ucred.h> 51#include <sys/stat.h> 52#include <sys/ioctl.h> 53#include <sys/file.h> 54#include <sys/mount.h> 55#include <sys/sysctl.h> 56#include <sys/time.h> 57#include <sys/disk.h> 58 59#include <ufs/lfs/lfs.h> 60 61#include <err.h> 62#include <errno.h> 63#include <unistd.h> 64#include <stdio.h> 65#include <stdlib.h> 66#include <ctype.h> 67#include <string.h> 68#include <paths.h> 69#include <util.h> 70#include "config.h" 71#include "extern.h" 72#include "bufcache.h" 73#include "partutil.h" 74 75#define COMPAT /* allow non-labeled disks */ 76 77#ifdef COMPAT 78const char lmsg[] = "%s: can't read disk label; disk type must be specified"; 79#else 80const char lmsg[] = "%s: can't read disk label"; 81#endif 82 83int Nflag = 0; /* run without writing file system */ 84int fssize; /* file system size */ 85int sectorsize; /* bytes/sector */ 86int fsize = 0; /* fragment size */ 87int bsize = 0; /* block size */ 88int ibsize = 0; /* inode block size */ 89int interleave = 0; /* segment interleave */ 90int minfree = MINFREE; /* free space threshold */ 91int minfreeseg = 0; /* segments not counted in bfree total */ 92int resvseg = 0; /* free segments reserved for the cleaner */ 93u_int32_t roll_id = 0; /* roll-forward id */ 94u_long memleft; /* virtual memory available */ 95caddr_t membase; /* start address of memory based filesystem */ 96#ifdef COMPAT 97char *disktype; 98#endif 99int preen = 0; /* Coexistence with fsck_lfs */ 100 101char device[MAXPATHLEN]; 102char *progname, *special; 103 104extern long dev_bsize; /* device block size */ 105 106static int64_t strsuftoi64(const char *, const char *, int64_t, int64_t, int *); 107static int strtoint(const char *, const char *, int, int); 108static void usage(void); 109 110/* CHUNKSIZE should be larger than MAXPHYS */ 111#define CHUNKSIZE (1024 * 1024) 112 113static size_t 114auto_segsize(int fd, off_t len, int version) 115{ 116 off_t off, bw; 117 time_t start, finish; 118 char buf[CHUNKSIZE]; 119 long seeks; 120 size_t final; 121 int i; 122 123 /* First, get sequential access bandwidth */ 124 time(&start); 125 finish = start; 126 for (off = 0; finish - start < 10; off += CHUNKSIZE) { 127 if (pread(fd, buf, CHUNKSIZE, off) < 0) 128 break; 129 time(&finish); 130 } 131 /* Bandwidth = bytes / sec */ 132 /* printf("%ld bytes in %ld seconds\n", (long)off, (long)(finish - start)); */ 133 bw = off / (finish - start); 134 135 /* Second, seek time */ 136 time(&start); 137 finish = start; /* structure copy */ 138 for (seeks = 0; finish - start < 10; ) { 139 off = (((double)rand()) * (btodb(len))) / ((off_t)RAND_MAX + 1); 140 if (pread(fd, buf, dbtob(1), dbtob(off)) < 0) 141 err(1, "pread"); 142 time(&finish); 143 ++seeks; 144 } 145 /* printf("%ld seeks in %ld seconds\n", (long)seeks, (long)(finish - start)); */ 146 /* Seek time in units/sec */ 147 seeks /= (finish - start); 148 if (seeks == 0) 149 seeks = 1; 150 151 printf("bw = %ld B/s, seek time %ld ms (%ld seeks/s)\n", 152 (long)bw, 1000/seeks, seeks); 153 final = dbtob(btodb(4 * bw / seeks)); 154 if (version == 1) { 155 for (i = 0; final; final >>= 1, i++) 156 ; 157 final = 1 << i; 158 } 159 printf("using initial segment size %ld\n", (long)final); 160 return final; 161} 162 163int 164main(int argc, char **argv) 165{ 166 int version, ch; 167 struct disk_geom geo; 168 struct dkwedge_info dkw; 169 struct stat st; 170 int debug, force, fsi, fso, lfs_segsize, maxpartitions, bitwidth; 171 uint secsize = 0; 172 daddr_t start; 173 const char *opstring; 174 int byte_sized = 0; 175 int r; 176 177 version = DFL_VERSION; /* what version of lfs to make */ 178 179 if ((progname = strrchr(*argv, '/')) != NULL) 180 ++progname; 181 else 182 progname = *argv; 183 184 maxpartitions = getmaxpartitions(); 185 if (maxpartitions > 26) 186 fatal("insane maxpartitions value %d", maxpartitions); 187 188 opstring = "AB:b:DFf:I:i:LM:m:NO:R:r:S:s:v:w:"; 189 190 start = debug = force = lfs_segsize = bitwidth = 0; 191 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, opstring)) != -1) 192 switch(ch) { 193 case 'A': /* Adaptively configure segment size */ 194 lfs_segsize = -1; 195 break; 196 case 'B': /* LFS segment size */ 197 lfs_segsize = strsuftoi64("segment size", optarg, LFS_MINSEGSIZE, INT64_MAX, NULL); 198 break; 199 case 'D': 200 debug = 1; 201 break; 202 case 'F': 203 force = 1; 204 break; 205 case 'I': 206 interleave = strsuftoi64("interleave", optarg, 0, INT64_MAX, NULL); 207 break; 208 case 'L': /* Compatibility only */ 209 break; 210 case 'M': 211 minfreeseg = strsuftoi64("minfreeseg", optarg, 0, INT64_MAX, NULL); 212 break; 213 case 'N': 214 Nflag++; 215 break; 216 case 'O': 217 start = strsuftoi64("start", optarg, 0, INT64_MAX, NULL); 218 break; 219 case 'R': 220 resvseg = strsuftoi64("resvseg", optarg, 0, INT64_MAX, NULL); 221 break; 222 case 'S': 223 secsize = strsuftoi64("sector size", optarg, 1, INT64_MAX, NULL); 224 if (secsize <= 0 || (secsize & (secsize - 1))) 225 fatal("%s: bad sector size", optarg); 226 break; 227#ifdef COMPAT 228 case 'T': 229 disktype = optarg; 230 break; 231#endif 232 case 'b': 233 bsize = strsuftoi64("block size", optarg, LFS_MINBLOCKSIZE, INT64_MAX, NULL); 234 break; 235 case 'f': 236 fsize = strsuftoi64("fragment size", optarg, LFS_MINBLOCKSIZE, INT64_MAX, NULL); 237 break; 238 case 'i': 239 ibsize = strsuftoi64("inode block size", optarg, LFS_MINBLOCKSIZE, INT64_MAX, NULL); 240 break; 241 case 'm': 242 minfree = strsuftoi64("free space %", optarg, 0, 99, NULL); 243 break; 244 case 'r': 245 roll_id = strsuftoi64("roll-forward id", optarg, 1, UINT_MAX, NULL); 246 break; 247 case 's': 248 fssize = strsuftoi64("file system size", optarg, 0, INT64_MAX, &byte_sized); 249 break; 250 case 'v': 251 version = strsuftoi64("file system version", optarg, 1, LFS_VERSION, NULL); 252 break; 253 case 'w': 254 bitwidth = strtoint("bit width", optarg, 32, 64); 255 break; 256 case '?': 257 default: 258 usage(); 259 } 260 argc -= optind; 261 argv += optind; 262 263 if (argc != 2 && argc != 1) 264 usage(); 265 266 if (bitwidth != 32 && bitwidth != 64 && bitwidth != 0) { 267 errx(1, "bit width %d is not sensible; please use 32 or 64", 268 bitwidth); 269 } 270 if (bitwidth == 64 && version < 2) { 271 errx(1, "Cannot make a 64-bit version 1 volume"); 272 } 273 274 /* 275 * If the -N flag isn't specified, open the output file. If no path 276 * prefix, try /dev/r%s and then /dev/%s. 277 */ 278 special = argv[0]; 279 if (strchr(special, '/') == NULL) { 280 (void)snprintf(device, sizeof(device), "%sr%s", _PATH_DEV, 281 special); 282 if (stat(device, &st) == -1) 283 (void)snprintf(device, sizeof(device), "%s%s", 284 _PATH_DEV, special); 285 special = device; 286 } 287 if (!Nflag) { 288 fso = open(special, O_RDWR, DEFFILEMODE); 289 if (debug && fso < 0) { 290 /* Create a file of the requested size. */ 291 fso = open(special, O_CREAT | O_RDWR, DEFFILEMODE); 292 if (fso >= 0) { 293 char buf[512]; 294 int i; 295 for (i = 0; i < fssize; i++) 296 write(fso, buf, sizeof(buf)); 297 lseek(fso, 0, SEEK_SET); 298 } 299 } 300 if (fso < 0) 301 fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno)); 302 } else 303 fso = -1; 304 305 /* Open the input file. */ 306 fsi = open(special, O_RDONLY); 307 if (fsi < 0) 308 fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno)); 309 if (fstat(fsi, &st) < 0) 310 fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno)); 311 312 313 if (!S_ISCHR(st.st_mode)) { 314 if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) { 315 fatal("%s: neither a character special device " 316 "nor a regular file", special); 317 } 318 (void)strcpy(dkw.dkw_ptype, DKW_PTYPE_LFS); 319 if (secsize == 0) 320 secsize = 512; 321 dkw.dkw_size = st.st_size / secsize; 322 } else { 323#ifdef COMPAT 324 if (disktype == NULL) 325 disktype = argv[1]; 326#endif 327 if (getdiskinfo(special, fsi, disktype, &geo, &dkw) == -1) 328 errx(1, lmsg, special); 329 330 if (dkw.dkw_size == 0) 331 fatal("%s: is zero sized", argv[0]); 332 if (!force && strcmp(dkw.dkw_ptype, DKW_PTYPE_LFS) != 0) 333 fatal("%s: is not `%s', but `%s'", argv[0], 334 DKW_PTYPE_LFS, dkw.dkw_ptype); 335 } 336 337 if (secsize == 0) 338 secsize = geo.dg_secsize; 339 340 /* Make device block size available to low level routines */ 341 dev_bsize = secsize; 342 343 /* From here on out fssize is in sectors */ 344 if (byte_sized) { 345 fssize /= secsize; 346 } 347 348 /* If force, make the partition look like an LFS */ 349 if (force) { 350 (void)strcpy(dkw.dkw_ptype, DKW_PTYPE_LFS); 351 if (fssize) { 352 dkw.dkw_size = fssize; 353 } 354 } else 355 if (fssize != 0 && fssize < dkw.dkw_size) 356 dkw.dkw_size = fssize; 357 358 /* 359 * default to 64-bit for large volumes; note that we test for 360 * 2^31 sectors and not 2^32, because block numbers (daddr_t) 361 * are signed and negative values can/will cause interesting 362 * complications. 363 */ 364 if (bitwidth == 0) { 365 if (dkw.dkw_size > 0x7fffffff) { 366 bitwidth = 64; 367 } else { 368 bitwidth = 32; 369 } 370 } 371 372 if (dkw.dkw_size > 0x7fffffff && bitwidth == 32) { 373 if (dkw.dkw_size >= 0xfffffffe) { 374 /* block numbers -1 and -2 are magic; must not exist */ 375 errx(1, "This volume is too large for a 32-bit LFS."); 376 } 377 /* User does this at own risk */ 378 warnx("Using negative block numbers; not recommended. " 379 "You should probably use -w 64."); 380 } 381 382 /* Try autoconfiguring segment size, if asked to */ 383 if (lfs_segsize == -1) { 384 if (!S_ISCHR(st.st_mode)) { 385 warnx("%s is not a character special device, ignoring -A", special); 386 lfs_segsize = 0; 387 } else 388 lfs_segsize = auto_segsize(fsi, dkw.dkw_size / secsize, 389 version); 390 } 391 392 /* If we're making a LFS, we break out here */ 393 r = make_lfs(fso, secsize, &dkw, minfree, bsize, fsize, lfs_segsize, 394 minfreeseg, resvseg, version, start, ibsize, interleave, roll_id, 395 bitwidth); 396 if (debug) 397 bufstats(); 398 exit(r); 399} 400 401static int64_t 402strsuftoi64(const char *desc, const char *arg, int64_t min, int64_t max, int *num_suffix) 403{ 404 int64_t result, r1; 405 int shift = 0; 406 char *ep; 407 408 errno = 0; 409 r1 = strtoll(arg, &ep, 10); 410 if (ep[0] != '\0' && ep[1] != '\0') 411 errx(1, "%s `%s' is not a valid number.", desc, arg); 412 switch (ep[0]) { 413 case '\0': 414 case 's': case 'S': 415 if (num_suffix != NULL) 416 *num_suffix = 0; 417 break; 418 case 'g': case 'G': 419 shift += 10; 420 /* FALLTHROUGH */ 421 case 'm': case 'M': 422 shift += 10; 423 /* FALLTHROUGH */ 424 case 'k': case 'K': 425 shift += 10; 426 /* FALLTHROUGH */ 427 case 'b': case 'B': 428 if (num_suffix != NULL) 429 *num_suffix = 1; 430 break; 431 default: 432 errx(1, "`%s' is not a valid suffix for %s.", ep, desc); 433 } 434 result = r1 << shift; 435 if (errno == ERANGE || result >> shift != r1) 436 errx(1, "%s `%s' is too large to convert.", desc, arg); 437 if (result < min) 438 errx(1, "%s `%s' (%" PRId64 ") is less than the minimum (%" PRId64 ").", 439 desc, arg, result, min); 440 if (result > max) 441 errx(1, "%s `%s' (%" PRId64 ") is greater than the maximum (%" PRId64 ").", 442 desc, arg, result, max); 443 return result; 444} 445 446static int 447strtoint(const char *desc, const char *arg, int min, int max) 448{ 449 long result; 450 char *s; 451 452 errno = 0; 453 result = strtol(arg, &s, 10); 454 if (errno || *s != '\0') { 455 errx(1, "%s `%s' is not a valid number.", desc, arg); 456 } 457#if LONG_MAX > INT_MAX 458 if (result > INT_MAX || result < INT_MIN) { 459 errx(1, "%s `%s' is out of range.", desc, arg); 460 } 461#endif 462 if (result < min || result > max) { 463 errx(1, "%s `%s' is out of range.", desc, arg); 464 } 465 466 return (int)result; 467} 468 469void 470usage() 471{ 472 fprintf(stderr, "usage: newfs_lfs [ -fsoptions ] special-device\n"); 473 fprintf(stderr, "where fsoptions are:\n"); 474 fprintf(stderr, "\t-A (autoconfigure segment size)\n"); 475 fprintf(stderr, "\t-B segment size in bytes\n"); 476 fprintf(stderr, "\t-D (debug)\n"); 477 fprintf(stderr, "\t-M count of segments not counted in bfree\n"); 478 fprintf(stderr, 479 "\t-N (do not create file system, just print out parameters)\n"); 480 fprintf(stderr, "\t-O first segment offset in sectors\n"); 481 fprintf(stderr, "\t-R count of segments reserved for the cleaner\n"); 482 fprintf(stderr, "\t-b block size in bytes\n"); 483 fprintf(stderr, "\t-f frag size in bytes\n"); 484 fprintf(stderr, "\t-m minimum free space %%\n"); 485 fprintf(stderr, "\t-s file system size in sectors\n"); 486 fprintf(stderr, "\t-v version\n"); 487 exit(1); 488} 489