newfs.c revision 1.21
1/* $NetBSD: newfs.c,v 1.21 2006/08/06 00:14:17 perseant Exp $ */ 2 3/*- 4 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1992, 1993 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9 * are met: 10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 16 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 17 * without specific prior written permission. 18 * 19 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 20 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 21 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 22 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 23 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 24 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 25 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 26 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 27 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 28 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 29 * SUCH DAMAGE. 30 */ 31 32#include <sys/cdefs.h> 33#ifndef lint 34__COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1992, 1993\n\ 35 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"); 36#endif /* not lint */ 37 38#ifndef lint 39#if 0 40static char sccsid[] = "@(#)newfs.c 8.5 (Berkeley) 5/24/95"; 41#else 42__RCSID("$NetBSD: newfs.c,v 1.21 2006/08/06 00:14:17 perseant Exp $"); 43#endif 44#endif /* not lint */ 45 46/* 47 * newfs: friendly front end to mkfs 48 */ 49#include <sys/param.h> 50#include <sys/ucred.h> 51#include <sys/stat.h> 52#include <sys/ioctl.h> 53#include <sys/disklabel.h> 54#include <sys/file.h> 55#include <sys/mount.h> 56#include <sys/sysctl.h> 57#include <sys/time.h> 58 59#include <ufs/ufs/dir.h> 60#include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h> 61#include <ufs/lfs/lfs.h> 62 63#include <disktab.h> 64#include <err.h> 65#include <errno.h> 66#include <unistd.h> 67#include <stdio.h> 68#include <stdlib.h> 69#include <ctype.h> 70#include <string.h> 71#include <paths.h> 72#include <util.h> 73#include "config.h" 74#include "extern.h" 75#include "bufcache.h" 76 77#define COMPAT /* allow non-labeled disks */ 78 79int Nflag = 0; /* run without writing file system */ 80int fssize; /* file system size */ 81int sectorsize; /* bytes/sector */ 82int fsize = 0; /* fragment size */ 83int bsize = 0; /* block size */ 84int ibsize = 0; /* inode block size */ 85int interleave = 0; /* segment interleave */ 86int minfree = MINFREE; /* free space threshold */ 87int minfreeseg = 0; /* segments not counted in bfree total */ 88int resvseg = 0; /* free segments reserved for the cleaner */ 89u_int32_t roll_id = 0; /* roll-forward id */ 90u_long memleft; /* virtual memory available */ 91caddr_t membase; /* start address of memory based filesystem */ 92#ifdef COMPAT 93char *disktype; 94int unlabeled; 95#endif 96int preen = 0; /* Coexistence with fsck_lfs */ 97 98char device[MAXPATHLEN]; 99char *progname, *special; 100 101static struct disklabel *getdisklabel(char *, int); 102static struct disklabel *debug_readlabel(int); 103#ifdef notdef 104static void rewritelabel(char *, int, struct disklabel *); 105#endif 106static int64_t strsuftoi64(const char *, const char *, int64_t, int64_t, int *); 107static void usage(void); 108 109/* CHUNKSIZE should be larger than MAXPHYS */ 110#define CHUNKSIZE (1024 * 1024) 111 112static size_t 113auto_segsize(int fd, off_t len, int version) 114{ 115 off_t off, bw; 116 time_t start, finish; 117 char buf[CHUNKSIZE]; 118 long seeks; 119 size_t final; 120 int i; 121 122 /* First, get sequential access bandwidth */ 123 time(&start); 124 finish = start; 125 for (off = 0; finish - start < 10; off += CHUNKSIZE) { 126 if (pread(fd, buf, CHUNKSIZE, off) < 0) 127 break; 128 time(&finish); 129 } 130 /* Bandwidth = bytes / sec */ 131 /* printf("%ld bytes in %ld seconds\n", (long)off, (long)(finish - start)); */ 132 bw = off / (finish - start); 133 134 /* Second, seek time */ 135 time(&start); 136 finish = start; /* structure copy */ 137 for (seeks = 0; finish - start < 10; ) { 138 off = (((double)rand()) * (btodb(len))) / ((off_t)RAND_MAX + 1); 139 if (pread(fd, buf, dbtob(1), dbtob(off)) < 0) 140 err(1, "pread"); 141 time(&finish); 142 ++seeks; 143 } 144 /* printf("%ld seeks in %ld seconds\n", (long)seeks, (long)(finish - start)); */ 145 /* Seek time in units/sec */ 146 seeks /= (finish - start); 147 if (seeks == 0) 148 seeks = 1; 149 150 printf("bw = %ld B/s, seek time %ld ms (%ld seeks/s)\n", 151 (long)bw, 1000/seeks, seeks); 152 final = dbtob(btodb(4 * bw / seeks)); 153 if (version == 1) { 154 for (i = 0; final; final >>= 1, i++) 155 ; 156 final = 1 << i; 157 } 158 printf("using initial segment size %ld\n", (long)final); 159 return final; 160} 161 162int 163main(int argc, char **argv) 164{ 165 int version, ch; 166 struct partition *pp; 167 struct disklabel *lp; 168 struct stat st; 169 int debug, force, fsi, fso, segsize, maxpartitions; 170 uint secsize = 0; 171 daddr_t start; 172 char *cp; 173 const char *opstring; 174 int byte_sized = 0; 175 int r; 176 177 version = DFL_VERSION; /* what version of lfs to make */ 178 179 if ((progname = strrchr(*argv, '/')) != NULL) 180 ++progname; 181 else 182 progname = *argv; 183 184 maxpartitions = getmaxpartitions(); 185 if (maxpartitions > 26) 186 fatal("insane maxpartitions value %d", maxpartitions); 187 188 opstring = "AB:b:DFf:I:i:LM:m:NO:R:r:S:s:v:"; 189 190 debug = force = segsize = start = 0; 191 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, opstring)) != -1) 192 switch(ch) { 193 case 'A': /* Adaptively configure segment size */ 194 segsize = -1; 195 break; 196 case 'B': /* LFS segment size */ 197 segsize = strsuftoi64("segment size", optarg, LFS_MINSEGSIZE, INT64_MAX, NULL); 198 break; 199 case 'D': 200 debug = 1; 201 break; 202 case 'F': 203 force = 1; 204 break; 205 case 'I': 206 interleave = strsuftoi64("interleave", optarg, 0, INT64_MAX, NULL); 207 break; 208 case 'L': /* Compatibility only */ 209 break; 210 case 'M': 211 minfreeseg = strsuftoi64("minfreeseg", optarg, 0, INT64_MAX, NULL); 212 break; 213 case 'N': 214 Nflag++; 215 break; 216 case 'O': 217 start = strsuftoi64("start", optarg, 0, INT64_MAX, NULL); 218 break; 219 case 'R': 220 resvseg = strsuftoi64("resvseg", optarg, 0, INT64_MAX, NULL); 221 break; 222 case 'S': 223 secsize = strsuftoi64("sector size", optarg, 1, INT64_MAX, NULL); 224 if (secsize <= 0 || (secsize & (secsize - 1))) 225 fatal("%s: bad sector size", optarg); 226 break; 227#ifdef COMPAT 228 case 'T': 229 disktype = optarg; 230 break; 231#endif 232 case 'b': 233 bsize = strsuftoi64("block size", optarg, LFS_MINBLOCKSIZE, INT64_MAX, NULL); 234 break; 235 case 'f': 236 fsize = strsuftoi64("fragment size", optarg, LFS_MINBLOCKSIZE, INT64_MAX, NULL); 237 break; 238 case 'i': 239 ibsize = strsuftoi64("inode block size", optarg, LFS_MINBLOCKSIZE, INT64_MAX, NULL); 240 break; 241 case 'm': 242 minfree = strsuftoi64("free space %", optarg, 0, 99, NULL); 243 break; 244 case 'r': 245 roll_id = strsuftoi64("roll-forward id", optarg, 1, UINT_MAX, NULL); 246 break; 247 case 's': 248 fssize = strsuftoi64("file system size", optarg, 0, INT64_MAX, &byte_sized); 249 break; 250 case 'v': 251 version = strsuftoi64("file system version", optarg, 1, LFS_VERSION, NULL); 252 break; 253 case '?': 254 default: 255 usage(); 256 } 257 argc -= optind; 258 argv += optind; 259 260 if (argc != 2 && argc != 1) 261 usage(); 262 263 /* 264 * If the -N flag isn't specified, open the output file. If no path 265 * prefix, try /dev/r%s and then /dev/%s. 266 */ 267 special = argv[0]; 268 if (strchr(special, '/') == NULL) { 269 (void)snprintf(device, sizeof(device), "%sr%s", _PATH_DEV, 270 special); 271 if (stat(device, &st) == -1) 272 (void)snprintf(device, sizeof(device), "%s%s", 273 _PATH_DEV, special); 274 special = device; 275 } 276 if (!Nflag) { 277 fso = open(special, 278 (debug ? O_CREAT : 0) | O_RDWR, DEFFILEMODE); 279 if (fso < 0) 280 fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno)); 281 } else 282 fso = -1; 283 284 /* Open the input file. */ 285 fsi = open(special, O_RDONLY); 286 if (fsi < 0) 287 fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno)); 288 if (fstat(fsi, &st) < 0) 289 fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno)); 290 291 292 if (!S_ISCHR(st.st_mode)) { 293 if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) { 294 fatal("%s: neither a character special device " 295 "nor a regular file", special); 296 } 297 if (debug) { 298 lp = debug_readlabel(fsi); 299 pp = &lp->d_partitions[0]; 300 } else { 301 static struct partition dummy_pp; 302 lp = NULL; 303 pp = &dummy_pp; 304 pp->p_fstype = FS_BSDLFS; 305 if (secsize == 0) 306 secsize = 512; 307 pp->p_size = st.st_size / secsize; 308 } 309 } else { 310 cp = strchr(argv[0], '\0') - 1; 311 if (!debug 312 && ((*cp < 'a' || *cp > ('a' + maxpartitions - 1)) 313 && !isdigit((unsigned char)*cp))) 314 fatal("%s: can't figure out file system partition", argv[0]); 315 316#ifdef COMPAT 317 if (disktype == NULL) 318 disktype = argv[1]; 319#endif 320 lp = getdisklabel(special, fsi); 321 322 if (isdigit((unsigned char)*cp)) 323 pp = &lp->d_partitions[0]; 324 else 325 pp = &lp->d_partitions[*cp - 'a']; 326 if (pp->p_size == 0) 327 fatal("%s: `%c' partition is unavailable", argv[0], *cp); 328 } 329 330 if (secsize == 0) 331 secsize = lp->d_secsize; 332 333 /* From here on out fssize is in sectors */ 334 if (byte_sized) { 335 fssize /= secsize; 336 } 337 338 /* If force, make the partition look like an LFS */ 339 if (force) { 340 pp->p_fstype = FS_BSDLFS; 341 if (fssize) { 342 pp->p_size = fssize; 343 } 344 /* 0 means to use defaults */ 345 pp->p_fsize = 0; 346 pp->p_frag = 0; 347 pp->p_sgs = 0; 348 } else 349 if (fssize != 0 && fssize < pp->p_size) 350 pp->p_size = fssize; 351 352 /* Try autoconfiguring segment size, if asked to */ 353 if (segsize == -1) { 354 if (!S_ISCHR(st.st_mode)) { 355 warnx("%s is not a character special device, ignoring -A", special); 356 segsize = 0; 357 } else 358 segsize = auto_segsize(fsi, dbtob(pp->p_size), version); 359 } 360 361 /* If we're making a LFS, we break out here */ 362 r = make_lfs(fso, secsize, pp, minfree, bsize, fsize, segsize, 363 minfreeseg, resvseg, version, start, ibsize, interleave, 364 roll_id); 365 if (debug) 366 bufstats(); 367 exit(r); 368} 369 370#ifdef COMPAT 371char lmsg[] = "%s: can't read disk label; disk type must be specified"; 372#else 373char lmsg[] = "%s: can't read disk label"; 374#endif 375 376static struct disklabel * 377getdisklabel(char *s, int fd) 378{ 379 static struct disklabel lab; 380 381 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, (char *)&lab) < 0) { 382#ifdef COMPAT 383 if (disktype) { 384 struct disklabel *lp; 385 386 unlabeled++; 387 lp = getdiskbyname(disktype); 388 if (lp == NULL) 389 fatal("%s: unknown disk type", disktype); 390 return (lp); 391 } 392#endif 393 (void)fprintf(stderr, 394 "%s: ioctl (GDINFO): %s\n", progname, strerror(errno)); 395 fatal(lmsg, s); 396 } 397 return (&lab); 398} 399 400 401static struct disklabel * 402debug_readlabel(int fd) 403{ 404 static struct disklabel lab; 405 int n; 406 407 if ((n = read(fd, &lab, sizeof(struct disklabel))) < 0) 408 fatal("unable to read disk label: %s", strerror(errno)); 409 else if (n < sizeof(struct disklabel)) 410 fatal("short read of disklabel: %d of %ld bytes", n, 411 (u_long) sizeof(struct disklabel)); 412 return(&lab); 413} 414 415#ifdef notdef 416static void 417rewritelabel(char *s, int fd, struct disklabel *lp) 418{ 419#ifdef COMPAT 420 if (unlabeled) 421 return; 422#endif 423 lp->d_checksum = 0; 424 lp->d_checksum = dkcksum(lp); 425 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCWDINFO, (char *)lp) < 0) { 426 (void)fprintf(stderr, 427 "%s: ioctl (WDINFO): %s\n", progname, strerror(errno)); 428 fatal("%s: can't rewrite disk label", s); 429 } 430#if __vax__ 431 if (lp->d_type == DTYPE_SMD && lp->d_flags & D_BADSECT) { 432 int i; 433 int cfd; 434 daddr_t alt; 435 off_t loff; 436 char specname[64]; 437 char blk[1024]; 438 char *cp; 439 440 /* 441 * Make name for 'c' partition. 442 */ 443 strlcpy(specname, s, sizeof(specname)); 444 cp = specname + strlen(specname) - 1; 445 if (!isdigit(*cp)) 446 *cp = 'c'; 447 cfd = open(specname, O_WRONLY); 448 if (cfd < 0) 449 fatal("%s: %s", specname, strerror(errno)); 450 if ((loff = getlabeloffset()) < 0) 451 fatal("getlabeloffset: %s", strerror(errno)); 452 memset(blk, 0, sizeof(blk)); 453 *(struct disklabel *)(blk + loff) = *lp; 454 alt = lp->d_ncylinders * lp->d_secpercyl - lp->d_nsectors; 455 for (i = 1; i < 11 && i < lp->d_nsectors; i += 2) { 456 if (lseek(cfd, (off_t)((alt + i) * lp->d_secsize), 457 SEEK_SET) == -1) 458 fatal("lseek to badsector area: %s", 459 strerror(errno)); 460 if (write(cfd, blk, lp->d_secsize) < lp->d_secsize) 461 fprintf(stderr, 462 "%s: alternate label %d write: %s\n", 463 progname, i/2, strerror(errno)); 464 } 465 close(cfd); 466 } 467#endif /* vax */ 468} 469#endif /* notdef */ 470 471static int64_t 472strsuftoi64(const char *desc, const char *arg, int64_t min, int64_t max, int *num_suffix) 473{ 474 int64_t result, r1; 475 int shift = 0; 476 char *ep; 477 478 errno = 0; 479 r1 = strtoll(arg, &ep, 10); 480 if (ep[0] != '\0' && ep[1] != '\0') 481 errx(1, "%s `%s' is not a valid number.", desc, arg); 482 switch (ep[0]) { 483 case '\0': 484 case 's': case 'S': 485 if (num_suffix != NULL) 486 *num_suffix = 0; 487 break; 488 case 'g': case 'G': 489 shift += 10; 490 /* FALLTHROUGH */ 491 case 'm': case 'M': 492 shift += 10; 493 /* FALLTHROUGH */ 494 case 'k': case 'K': 495 shift += 10; 496 /* FALLTHROUGH */ 497 case 'b': case 'B': 498 if (num_suffix != NULL) 499 *num_suffix = 1; 500 break; 501 default: 502 errx(1, "`%s' is not a valid suffix for %s.", ep, desc); 503 } 504 result = r1 << shift; 505 if (errno == ERANGE || result >> shift != r1) 506 errx(1, "%s `%s' is too large to convert.", desc, arg); 507 if (result < min) 508 errx(1, "%s `%s' (%" PRId64 ") is less than the minimum (%" PRId64 ").", 509 desc, arg, result, min); 510 if (result > max) 511 errx(1, "%s `%s' (%" PRId64 ") is greater than the maximum (%" PRId64 ").", 512 desc, arg, result, max); 513 return result; 514} 515 516void 517usage() 518{ 519 fprintf(stderr, "usage: newfs_lfs [ -fsoptions ] special-device\n"); 520 fprintf(stderr, "where fsoptions are:\n"); 521 fprintf(stderr, "\t-A (autoconfigure segment size)\n"); 522 fprintf(stderr, "\t-B segment size in bytes\n"); 523 fprintf(stderr, "\t-D (debug)\n"); 524 fprintf(stderr, "\t-M count of segments not counted in bfree\n"); 525 fprintf(stderr, 526 "\t-N (do not create file system, just print out parameters)\n"); 527 fprintf(stderr, "\t-O first segment offset in sectors\n"); 528 fprintf(stderr, "\t-R count of segments reserved for the cleaner\n"); 529 fprintf(stderr, "\t-b block size in bytes\n"); 530 fprintf(stderr, "\t-f frag size in bytes\n"); 531 fprintf(stderr, "\t-m minimum free space %%\n"); 532 fprintf(stderr, "\t-s file system size in sectors\n"); 533 fprintf(stderr, "\t-v version\n"); 534 exit(1); 535} 536