1// Methods for Exception Support for -*- C++ -*-
2
3// Copyright (C) 2014-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4//
5// This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library.  This library is free
6// software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
7// terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
8// Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
9// any later version.
10
11// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
14// GNU General Public License for more details.
15
16// Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
17// permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
18// 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
19
20// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
21// a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
22// see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see
23// <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
24
25//
26// ISO C++ 14882: 19.1  Exception classes
27//
28
29// Enable hooks for support for the Transactional Memory TS (N4514).
30#define _GLIBCXX_TM_TS_INTERNAL
31void
32_txnal_cow_string_C1_for_exceptions(void* that, const char* s, void* exc);
33const char*
34_txnal_cow_string_c_str(const void* that);
35void
36_txnal_cow_string_D1(void* that);
37void
38_txnal_cow_string_D1_commit(void* that);
39void*
40_txnal_logic_error_get_msg(void* e);
41void*
42_txnal_runtime_error_get_msg(void* e);
43
44// All exception classes still use the classic COW std::string.
45#define _GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI 0
46#define _GLIBCXX_DEFINE_STDEXCEPT_COPY_OPS 1
47#define __cow_string __cow_stringxxx
48#include <stdexcept>
49#include <system_error>
50#undef __cow_string
51
52namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
53{
54_GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
55
56  // Copy/move constructors and assignment operators defined using COW string.
57  // These operations are noexcept even though copying a COW string is not,
58  // but we know that the string member in an exception has not been "leaked"
59  // so copying is a simple reference count increment.
60  // For the fully dynamic string moves are not noexcept (due to needing to
61  // allocate an empty string) so we just define the moves as copies here.
62
63  logic_error::logic_error(const logic_error& e) noexcept
64  : exception(e), _M_msg(e._M_msg) { }
65
66  logic_error& logic_error::operator=(const logic_error& e) noexcept
67  { _M_msg = e._M_msg; return *this; }
68
69#if _GLIBCXX_FULLY_DYNAMIC_STRING == 0
70  logic_error::logic_error(logic_error&& e) noexcept = default;
71
72  logic_error&
73  logic_error::operator=(logic_error&& e) noexcept = default;
74#else
75  logic_error::logic_error(logic_error&& e) noexcept
76  : exception(e), _M_msg(e._M_msg) { }
77
78  logic_error&
79  logic_error::operator=(logic_error&& e) noexcept
80  { _M_msg = e._M_msg; return *this; }
81#endif
82
83  runtime_error::runtime_error(const runtime_error& e) noexcept
84  : exception(e), _M_msg(e._M_msg) { }
85
86  runtime_error&
87  runtime_error::operator=(const runtime_error& e) noexcept
88  { _M_msg = e._M_msg; return *this; }
89
90#if _GLIBCXX_FULLY_DYNAMIC_STRING == 0
91  runtime_error::runtime_error(runtime_error&& e) noexcept = default;
92
93  runtime_error&
94  runtime_error::operator=(runtime_error&& e) noexcept = default;
95#else
96  runtime_error::runtime_error(runtime_error&& e) noexcept
97  : exception(e), _M_msg(e._M_msg) { }
98
99  runtime_error&
100  runtime_error::operator=(runtime_error&& e) noexcept
101  { _M_msg = e._M_msg; return *this; }
102#endif
103
104  // New C++11 constructors:
105
106  logic_error::logic_error(const char* __arg)
107  : exception(), _M_msg(__arg) { }
108
109  domain_error::domain_error(const char* __arg)
110  : logic_error(__arg) { }
111
112  invalid_argument::invalid_argument(const char* __arg)
113  : logic_error(__arg) { }
114
115  length_error::length_error(const char* __arg)
116  : logic_error(__arg) { }
117
118  out_of_range::out_of_range(const char* __arg)
119  : logic_error(__arg) { }
120
121  runtime_error::runtime_error(const char* __arg)
122  : exception(), _M_msg(__arg) { }
123
124  range_error::range_error(const char* __arg)
125  : runtime_error(__arg) { }
126
127  overflow_error::overflow_error(const char* __arg)
128  : runtime_error(__arg) { }
129
130  underflow_error::underflow_error(const char* __arg)
131  : runtime_error(__arg) { }
132
133#if _GLIBCXX_USE_DUAL_ABI
134  // Converting constructor from COW std::string to SSO string.
135  __sso_string::__sso_string(const string& s)
136  : __sso_string(s.c_str(), s.length()) { }
137
138  // Redefine __cow_string so that we can define and export its members
139  // in terms of the COW std::string.
140  struct __cow_string
141  {
142    union {
143      const char* _M_p;
144      char _M_bytes[sizeof(_M_p)];
145      std::string _M_str;
146    };
147
148    __cow_string();
149    __cow_string(const std::string& s);
150    __cow_string(const char*, size_t n);
151    __cow_string(const __cow_string&) noexcept;
152    __cow_string& operator=(const __cow_string&) noexcept;
153    ~__cow_string();
154    __cow_string(__cow_string&&) noexcept;
155    __cow_string& operator=(__cow_string&&) noexcept;
156  };
157
158  __cow_string::__cow_string() : _M_str() { }
159
160  __cow_string::__cow_string(const std::string& s) : _M_str(s) { }
161
162  __cow_string::__cow_string(const char* s, size_t n) : _M_str(s, n) { }
163
164  __cow_string::__cow_string(const __cow_string& s) noexcept
165  : _M_str(s._M_str) { }
166
167  __cow_string&
168  __cow_string::operator=(const __cow_string& s) noexcept
169  {
170    _M_str = s._M_str;
171    return *this;
172  }
173
174  __cow_string::~__cow_string() { _M_str.~basic_string(); }
175
176  __cow_string::__cow_string(__cow_string&& s) noexcept
177  : _M_str(std::move(s._M_str)) { }
178
179  __cow_string&
180  __cow_string::operator=(__cow_string&& s) noexcept
181  {
182    _M_str = std::move(s._M_str);
183    return *this;
184  }
185
186  static_assert(sizeof(__cow_string) == sizeof(std::string),
187                "sizeof(std::string) has changed");
188  static_assert(alignof(__cow_string) == alignof(std::string),
189                "alignof(std::string) has changed");
190#endif
191
192  // Return error_category::message() as an SSO string
193  __sso_string
194  error_category::_M_message(int i) const
195  {
196    string msg = this->message(i);
197    return {msg.c_str(), msg.length()};
198  }
199
200_GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
201} // namespace
202
203// Support for the Transactional Memory TS (N4514).
204//
205// logic_error and runtime_error both carry a message in the form of a COW
206// string.  This COW string is never made visible to users of the exception
207// because what() returns a C string.  The COW string can be constructed as
208// either a copy of a COW string of another logic_error/runtime_error, or
209// using a C string or SSO string; thus, the COW string's _Rep is only
210// accessed by logic_error operations.  We control all txnal clones of those
211// operations and thus can ensure that _Rep is never accessed transactionally.
212// Furthermore, _Rep will always have been allocated or deallocated via
213// global new or delete, so nontransactional writes we do to _Rep cannot
214// interfere with transactional accesses.
215
216// We depend on having support for referencing functions declared weak that
217// are not defined by us.  Without such support, the exceptions will not be
218// declared transaction-safe, so we just don't provide transactional clones
219// in this case.
220#if _GLIBCXX_USE_WEAK_REF
221#ifdef _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_STDINT_TR1
222
223extern "C" {
224
225#ifndef _GLIBCXX_MANGLE_SIZE_T
226#error Mangled name of size_t type not defined.
227#endif
228#define CONCAT1(x,y)		x##y
229#define CONCAT(x,y)		CONCAT1(x,y)
230#define _ZGTtnaX		CONCAT(_ZGTtna,_GLIBCXX_MANGLE_SIZE_T)
231
232#ifdef __i386__
233/* Only for 32-bit x86.  */
234# define ITM_REGPARM	__attribute__((regparm(2)))
235#else
236# define ITM_REGPARM
237#endif
238
239// Declare all libitm symbols we rely on, but make them weak so that we do
240// not depend on libitm.
241extern void* _ZGTtnaX (size_t sz) __attribute__((weak));
242extern void _ZGTtdlPv (void* ptr) __attribute__((weak));
243extern uint8_t _ITM_RU1(const uint8_t *p)
244  ITM_REGPARM __attribute__((weak));
245extern uint16_t _ITM_RU2(const uint16_t *p)
246  ITM_REGPARM __attribute__((weak));
247extern uint32_t _ITM_RU4(const uint32_t *p)
248  ITM_REGPARM __attribute__((weak));
249extern uint64_t _ITM_RU8(const uint64_t *p)
250  ITM_REGPARM __attribute__((weak));
251extern void _ITM_memcpyRtWn(void *, const void *, size_t)
252  ITM_REGPARM __attribute__((weak));
253extern void _ITM_memcpyRnWt(void *, const void *, size_t)
254  ITM_REGPARM __attribute__((weak));
255extern void _ITM_addUserCommitAction(void (*)(void *), uint64_t, void *)
256  ITM_REGPARM __attribute__((weak));
257
258}
259
260// A transactional version of basic_string::basic_string(const char *s)
261// that also notifies the TM runtime about allocations belonging to this
262// exception.
263void
264_txnal_cow_string_C1_for_exceptions(void* that, const char* s,
265				    void *exc __attribute__((unused)))
266{
267  typedef std::basic_string<char> bs_type;
268  bs_type *bs = (bs_type*) that;
269
270  // First, do a transactional strlen, but including the trailing zero.
271  bs_type::size_type len = 1;
272  for (const char *ss = s; _ITM_RU1((const uint8_t*) ss) != 0; ss++, len++);
273
274
275  // Allocate memory for the string and the refcount.  We use the
276  // transactional clone of global new[]; if this throws, it will do so in a
277  // transaction-compatible way.
278  // The allocation belongs to this exception, so tell the runtime about it.
279  // TODO Once this is supported, link the following allocation to this
280  // exception: void *prev = _ITM_setAssociatedException(exc);
281  bs_type::_Rep *rep;
282  __try
283    {
284      rep = (bs_type::_Rep*) _ZGTtnaX (len + sizeof (bs_type::_Rep));
285    }
286  __catch (...)
287    {
288      // Pop the association with this exception.
289      // TODO Once this is supported, link the following allocation to this
290      // exception: _ITM_setAssociatedException(prev);
291      // We do not need to instrument a rethrow.
292      __throw_exception_again;
293    }
294  // Pop the association with this exception.
295  // TODO Once this is supported, link the following allocation to this
296  // exception: _ITM_setAssociatedException(prev);
297
298  // Now initialize the rest of the string and copy the C string.  The memory
299  // will be freshly allocated, so nontransactional accesses are sufficient,
300  // including the writes when copying the string (see above).
301  rep->_M_set_sharable();
302  rep->_M_length = rep->_M_capacity = len - 1;
303  _ITM_memcpyRtWn(rep->_M_refdata(), s, len);
304  new (&bs->_M_dataplus) bs_type::_Alloc_hider(rep->_M_refdata(),
305					       bs_type::allocator_type());
306}
307
308static void* txnal_read_ptr(void* const * ptr)
309{
310  static_assert(sizeof(uint64_t) == sizeof(void*)
311		|| sizeof(uint32_t) == sizeof(void*)
312		|| sizeof(uint16_t) == sizeof(void*),
313		"Pointers must be 16 bits, 32 bits or 64 bits wide");
314#if __UINTPTR_MAX__ == __UINT64_MAX__
315  return (void*)_ITM_RU8((const uint64_t*)ptr);
316#elif __UINTPTR_MAX__ == __UINT32_MAX__
317  return (void*)_ITM_RU4((const uint32_t*)ptr);
318#else
319  return (void*)_ITM_RU2((const uint16_t*)ptr);
320#endif
321}
322
323// We must access the data pointer in the COW string transactionally because
324// another transaction can delete the string and reuse the memory.
325const char*
326_txnal_cow_string_c_str(const void* that)
327{
328  typedef std::basic_string<char> bs_type;
329  const bs_type *bs = (const bs_type*) that;
330
331  return (const char*) txnal_read_ptr((void**)&bs->_M_dataplus._M_p);
332}
333
334#if _GLIBCXX_USE_DUAL_ABI
335const char*
336_txnal_sso_string_c_str(const void* that)
337{
338  return (const char*) txnal_read_ptr(
339      (void* const*)const_cast<char* const*>(
340	  &((const std::__sso_string*) that)->_M_s._M_p));
341}
342#endif
343
344void
345_txnal_cow_string_D1_commit(void* data)
346{
347  typedef std::basic_string<char> bs_type;
348  bs_type::_Rep *rep = (bs_type::_Rep*) data;
349  rep->_M_dispose(bs_type::allocator_type());
350}
351
352void
353_txnal_cow_string_D1(void* that)
354{
355  typedef std::basic_string<char> bs_type;
356  bs_type::_Rep *rep = reinterpret_cast<bs_type::_Rep*>(
357      const_cast<char*>(_txnal_cow_string_c_str(that))) - 1;
358
359  // The string can be shared, in which case we would need to decrement the
360  // reference count.  We cannot undo that because we might lose the string
361  // otherwise.  Therefore, we register a commit action that will dispose of
362  // the string's _Rep.
363  enum {_ITM_noTransactionId  = 1};
364  _ITM_addUserCommitAction(_txnal_cow_string_D1_commit, _ITM_noTransactionId,
365			   rep);
366}
367
368void*
369_txnal_logic_error_get_msg(void* e)
370{
371  std::logic_error* le = (std::logic_error*) e;
372  return &le->_M_msg;
373}
374
375void*
376_txnal_runtime_error_get_msg(void* e)
377{
378  std::runtime_error* le = (std::runtime_error*) e;
379  return &le->_M_msg;
380}
381
382// The constructors are only declared transaction-safe if the C++11 ABI is
383// used for std::string and the exception classes use a COW string internally.
384// A user must not call these constructors otherwise; if they do, it will
385// result in undefined behavior, which is in this case not initializing this
386// string.
387#if _GLIBCXX_USE_DUAL_ABI
388#define CTORS_FROM_SSOSTRING(NAME, CLASS, BASE)			\
389void									\
390_ZGTtNSt##NAME##C1ERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE( \
391    CLASS* that, const std::__sso_string& s)				\
392{									\
393  CLASS e("");								\
394  _ITM_memcpyRnWt(that, &e, sizeof(CLASS));				\
395  /* Get the C string from the SSO string.  */				\
396  _txnal_cow_string_C1_for_exceptions(_txnal_##BASE##_get_msg(that),	\
397				      _txnal_sso_string_c_str(&s), that); \
398}									\
399void									\
400_ZGTtNSt##NAME##C2ERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE( \
401    CLASS*, const std::__sso_string&) __attribute__((alias		\
402("_ZGTtNSt" #NAME							\
403  "C1ERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE")));
404#else
405#define CTORS_FROM_SSOSTRING(NAME, CLASS, BASE)
406#endif
407
408// This macro defines transaction constructors and destructors for a specific
409// exception class.  NAME is the variable part of the mangled name, CLASS is
410// the class name, and BASE must be logic_error or runtime_error (which is
411// then used to call the proper friend function that can return a pointer to
412// the _M_msg member declared by the given (base) class).
413#define CTORDTOR(NAME, CLASS, BASE)					\
414void									\
415_ZGTtNSt##NAME##C1EPKc (CLASS* that, const char* s)			\
416{									\
417  /* This will use the singleton _Rep for an empty string and just	\
418     point to it instead of allocating memory.  Thus, we can use it as	\
419     source, copy it into the object we are constructing, and then	\
420     construct the COW string in the latter manually.  Note that the	\
421     exception classes will not be declared transaction_safe if the	\
422     shared empty _Rep is disabled with --enable-fully-dynamic-string	\
423     (in which case _GLIBCXX_FULLY_DYNAMIC_STRING is nonzero).  */	\
424  CLASS e("");								\
425  _ITM_memcpyRnWt(that, &e, sizeof(CLASS));				\
426  _txnal_cow_string_C1_for_exceptions(_txnal_##BASE##_get_msg(that),	\
427				      s, that);				\
428}									\
429void									\
430_ZGTtNSt##NAME##C2EPKc (CLASS*, const char*)				\
431  __attribute__((alias ("_ZGTtNSt" #NAME "C1EPKc")));			\
432CTORS_FROM_SSOSTRING(NAME, CLASS, BASE)					\
433void									\
434_ZGTtNSt##NAME##D1Ev(CLASS* that)					\
435{ _txnal_cow_string_D1(_txnal_##BASE##_get_msg(that)); }		\
436void									\
437_ZGTtNSt##NAME##D2Ev(CLASS*)						\
438__attribute__((alias ("_ZGTtNSt" #NAME "D1Ev")));			\
439void									\
440_ZGTtNSt##NAME##D0Ev(CLASS* that)					\
441{									\
442  _ZGTtNSt##NAME##D1Ev(that);						\
443  _ZGTtdlPv(that);							\
444}
445
446// Now create all transactional constructors and destructors, as well as the
447// two virtual what() functions.
448extern "C" {
449
450CTORDTOR(11logic_error, std::logic_error, logic_error)
451
452const char*
453_ZGTtNKSt11logic_error4whatEv(const std::logic_error* that)
454{
455  return _txnal_cow_string_c_str(_txnal_logic_error_get_msg(
456      const_cast<std::logic_error*>(that)));
457}
458
459CTORDTOR(12domain_error, std::domain_error, logic_error)
460CTORDTOR(16invalid_argument, std::invalid_argument, logic_error)
461CTORDTOR(12length_error, std::length_error, logic_error)
462CTORDTOR(12out_of_range, std::out_of_range, logic_error)
463
464
465CTORDTOR(13runtime_error, std::runtime_error, runtime_error)
466
467const char*
468_ZGTtNKSt13runtime_error4whatEv(const std::runtime_error* that)
469{
470  return _txnal_cow_string_c_str(_txnal_runtime_error_get_msg(
471      const_cast<std::runtime_error*>(that)));
472}
473
474CTORDTOR(11range_error, std::range_error, runtime_error)
475CTORDTOR(14overflow_error, std::overflow_error, runtime_error)
476CTORDTOR(15underflow_error, std::underflow_error, runtime_error)
477
478}
479
480#endif  // _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_STDINT_TR1
481#endif  // _GLIBCXX_USE_WEAK_REF
482