1/*	$NetBSD: refclock_heath.c,v 1.9 2020/05/25 20:47:25 christos Exp $	*/
2
3/*
4 * refclock_heath - clock driver for Heath GC-1000
5 * (but no longer the GC-1001 Model II, which apparently never worked)
6 */
7
8#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
9# include <config.h>
10#endif
11
12#if defined(REFCLOCK) && defined(CLOCK_HEATH)
13
14#include "ntpd.h"
15#include "ntp_io.h"
16#include "ntp_refclock.h"
17#include "ntp_stdlib.h"
18
19#include <stdio.h>
20#include <ctype.h>
21
22#ifdef HAVE_SYS_IOCTL_H
23# include <sys/ioctl.h>
24#endif /* not HAVE_SYS_IOCTL_H */
25
26/*
27 * This driver supports the Heath GC-1000 Most Accurate Clock, with
28 * RS232C Output Accessory. This is a WWV/WWVH receiver somewhat less
29 * robust than other supported receivers. Its claimed accuracy is 100 ms
30 * when actually synchronized to the broadcast signal, but this doesn't
31 * happen even most of the time, due to propagation conditions, ambient
32 * noise sources, etc. When not synchronized, the accuracy is at the
33 * whim of the internal clock oscillator, which can wander into the
34 * sunset without warning. Since the indicated precision is 100 ms,
35 * expect a host synchronized only to this thing to wander to and fro,
36 * occasionally being rudely stepped when the offset exceeds the default
37 * clock_max of 128 ms.
38 *
39 * There were two GC-1000 versions supported by this driver. The original
40 * GC-1000 with RS-232 output first appeared in 1983, but dissapeared
41 * from the market a few years later. The GC-1001 II with RS-232 output
42 * first appeared circa 1990, but apparently is no longer manufactured.
43 * The two models differ considerably, both in interface and commands.
44 * The GC-1000 has a pseudo-bipolar timecode output triggered by a RTS
45 * transition. The timecode includes both the day of year and time of
46 * day. The GC-1001 II has a true bipolar output and a complement of
47 * single character commands. The timecode includes only the time of
48 * day.
49 *
50 * The GC-1001 II was apparently never tested and, based on a Coverity
51 * scan, apparently never worked [Bug 689].  Related code has been disabled.
52 *
53 * GC-1000
54 *
55 * The internal DIPswitches should be set to operate in MANUAL mode. The
56 * external DIPswitches should be set to GMT and 24-hour format.
57 *
58 * In MANUAL mode the clock responds to a rising edge of the request to
59 * send (RTS) modem control line by sending the timecode. Therefore, it
60 * is necessary that the operating system implement the TIOCMBIC and
61 * TIOCMBIS ioctl system calls and TIOCM_RTS control bit. Present
62 * restrictions require the use of a POSIX-compatible programming
63 * interface, although other interfaces may work as well.
64 *
65 * A simple hardware modification to the clock can be made which
66 * prevents the clock hearing the request to send (RTS) if the HI SPEC
67 * lamp is out. Route the HISPEC signal to the tone decoder board pin
68 * 19, from the display, pin 19. Isolate pin 19 of the decoder board
69 * first, but maintain connection with pin 10. Also isolate pin 38 of
70 * the CPU on the tone board, and use half an added 7400 to gate the
71 * original signal to pin 38 with that from pin 19.
72 *
73 * The clock message consists of 23 ASCII printing characters in the
74 * following format:
75 *
76 * hh:mm:ss.f AM  dd/mm/yr<cr>
77 *
78 *	hh:mm:ss.f = hours, minutes, seconds
79 *	f = deciseconds ('?' when out of spec)
80 *	AM/PM/bb = blank in 24-hour mode
81 *	dd/mm/yr = day, month, year
82 *
83 * The alarm condition is indicated by '?', rather than a digit, at f.
84 * Note that 0?:??:??.? is displayed before synchronization is first
85 * established and hh:mm:ss.? once synchronization is established and
86 * then lost again for about a day.
87 *
88 * GC-1001 II
89 *
90 * Commands consist of a single letter and are case sensitive. When
91 * enterred in lower case, a description of the action performed is
92 * displayed. When enterred in upper case the action is performed.
93 * Following is a summary of descriptions as displayed by the clock:
94 *
95 * The clock responds with a command The 'A' command returns an ASCII
96 * local time string:  HH:MM:SS.T xx<CR>, where
97 *
98 *	HH = hours
99 *	MM = minutes
100 *	SS = seconds
101 *	T = tenths-of-seconds
102 *	xx = 'AM', 'PM', or '  '
103 *	<CR> = carriage return
104 *
105 * The 'D' command returns 24 pairs of bytes containing the variable
106 * divisor value at the end of each of the previous 24 hours. This
107 * allows the timebase trimming process to be observed.  UTC hour 00 is
108 * always returned first. The first byte of each pair is the high byte
109 * of (variable divisor * 16); the second byte is the low byte of
110 * (variable divisor * 16). For example, the byte pair 3C 10 would be
111 * returned for a divisor of 03C1 hex (961 decimal).
112 *
113 * The 'I' command returns:  | TH | TL | ER | DH | DL | U1 | I1 | I2 | ,
114 * where
115 *
116 *	TH = minutes since timebase last trimmed (high byte)
117 *	TL = minutes since timebase last trimmed (low byte)
118 *	ER = last accumulated error in 1.25 ms increments
119 *	DH = high byte of (current variable divisor * 16)
120 *	DL = low byte of (current variable divisor * 16)
121 *	U1 = UT1 offset (/.1 s):  | + | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
122 *	I1 = information byte 1:  | W | C | D | I | U | T | Z | 1 | ,
123 *	     where
124 *
125 *		W = set by WWV(H)
126 *		C = CAPTURE LED on
127 *		D = TRIM DN LED on
128 *		I = HI SPEC LED on
129 *		U = TRIM UP LED on
130 *		T = DST switch on
131 *		Z = UTC switch on
132 *		1 = UT1 switch on
133 *
134 *	I2 = information byte 2:  | 8 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 1 | D | d | S | ,
135 *	     where
136 *
137 *		8, 8, 4, 2, 1 = TIME ZONE switch settings
138 *		D = DST bit (#55) in last-received frame
139 *		d = DST bit (#2) in last-received frame
140 *		S = clock is in simulation mode
141 *
142 * The 'P' command returns 24 bytes containing the number of frames
143 * received without error during UTC hours 00 through 23, providing an
144 * indication of hourly propagation.  These bytes are updated each hour
145 * to reflect the previous 24 hour period.  UTC hour 00 is always
146 * returned first.
147 *
148 * The 'T' command returns the UTC time:  | HH | MM | SS | T0 | , where
149 *	HH = tens-of-hours and hours (packed BCD)
150 *	MM = tens-of-minutes and minutes (packed BCD)
151 *	SS = tens-of-seconds and seconds (packed BCD)
152 *	T = tenths-of-seconds (BCD)
153 *
154 * Fudge Factors
155 *
156 * A fudge time1 value of .04 s appears to center the clock offset
157 * residuals. The fudge time2 parameter is the local time offset east of
158 * Greenwich, which depends on DST. Sorry about that, but the clock
159 * gives no hint on what the DIPswitches say.
160 */
161
162/*
163 * Interface definitions
164 */
165#define	DEVICE		"/dev/heath%d" /* device name and unit */
166#define	PRECISION	(-4)	/* precision assumed (about 100 ms) */
167#define	REFID		"WWV\0"	/* reference ID */
168#define	DESCRIPTION	"Heath GC-1000 Most Accurate Clock" /* WRU */
169
170#define LENHEATH1	23	/* min timecode length */
171#if 0	/* BUG 689 */
172#define LENHEATH2	13	/* min timecode length */
173#endif
174
175/*
176 * Tables to compute the ddd of year form icky dd/mm timecode. Viva la
177 * leap.
178 */
179static int day1tab[] = {31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31};
180static int day2tab[] = {31, 29, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31};
181
182/*
183 * Baud rate table. The GC-1000 supports 1200, 2400 and 4800; the
184 * GC-1001 II supports only 9600.
185 */
186static int speed[] = {B1200, B2400, B4800, B9600};
187
188/*
189 * Function prototypes
190 */
191static	int	heath_start	(int, struct peer *);
192static	void	heath_shutdown	(int, struct peer *);
193static	void	heath_receive	(struct recvbuf *);
194static	void	heath_poll	(int, struct peer *);
195
196/*
197 * Transfer vector
198 */
199struct	refclock refclock_heath = {
200	heath_start,		/* start up driver */
201	heath_shutdown,		/* shut down driver */
202	heath_poll,		/* transmit poll message */
203	noentry,		/* not used (old heath_control) */
204	noentry,		/* initialize driver */
205	noentry,		/* not used (old heath_buginfo) */
206	NOFLAGS			/* not used */
207};
208
209
210/*
211 * heath_start - open the devices and initialize data for processing
212 */
213static int
214heath_start(
215	int unit,
216	struct peer *peer
217	)
218{
219	struct refclockproc *pp;
220	int fd;
221	char device[20];
222
223	/*
224	 * Open serial port
225	 */
226	snprintf(device, sizeof(device), DEVICE, unit);
227	fd = refclock_open(device, speed[peer->ttl & 0x3],
228			   LDISC_REMOTE);
229	if (fd <= 0)
230		return (0);
231	pp = peer->procptr;
232	pp->io.clock_recv = heath_receive;
233	pp->io.srcclock = peer;
234	pp->io.datalen = 0;
235	pp->io.fd = fd;
236	if (!io_addclock(&pp->io)) {
237		close(fd);
238		pp->io.fd = -1;
239		return (0);
240	}
241
242	/*
243	 * Initialize miscellaneous variables
244	 */
245	peer->precision = PRECISION;
246	pp->clockdesc = DESCRIPTION;
247	memcpy(&pp->refid, REFID, 4);
248	return (1);
249}
250
251
252/*
253 * heath_shutdown - shut down the clock
254 */
255static void
256heath_shutdown(
257	int unit,
258	struct peer *peer
259	)
260{
261	struct refclockproc *pp;
262
263	pp = peer->procptr;
264	if (-1 != pp->io.fd)
265		io_closeclock(&pp->io);
266}
267
268
269/*
270 * heath_receive - receive data from the serial interface
271 */
272static void
273heath_receive(
274	struct recvbuf *rbufp
275	)
276{
277	struct refclockproc *pp;
278	struct peer *peer;
279	l_fp trtmp;
280	int month, day;
281	int i;
282	char dsec, a[5];
283
284	/*
285	 * Initialize pointers and read the timecode and timestamp
286	 */
287	peer = rbufp->recv_peer;
288	pp = peer->procptr;
289	pp->lencode = refclock_gtlin(rbufp, pp->a_lastcode, BMAX,
290	    &trtmp);
291
292	/*
293	 * We get down to business, check the timecode format and decode
294	 * its contents. If the timecode has invalid length or is not in
295	 * proper format, we declare bad format and exit.
296	 */
297	switch (pp->lencode) {
298
299	/*
300	 * GC-1000 timecode format: "hh:mm:ss.f AM  mm/dd/yy"
301	 * GC-1001 II timecode format: "hh:mm:ss.f   "
302	 */
303	case LENHEATH1:
304		if (sscanf(pp->a_lastcode,
305		    "%2d:%2d:%2d.%c%5c%2d/%2d/%2d", &pp->hour,
306		    &pp->minute, &pp->second, &dsec, a, &month, &day,
307		    &pp->year) != 8) {
308			refclock_report(peer, CEVNT_BADREPLY);
309			return;
310		}
311		break;
312
313#if 0	/* BUG 689 */
314	/*
315	 * GC-1001 II timecode format: "hh:mm:ss.f   "
316	 */
317	case LENHEATH2:
318		if (sscanf(pp->a_lastcode, "%2d:%2d:%2d.%c", &pp->hour,
319		    &pp->minute, &pp->second, &dsec) != 4) {
320			refclock_report(peer, CEVNT_BADREPLY);
321			return;
322		} else {
323			struct tm *tm_time_p;
324			time_t     now;
325
326			time(&now);	/* we should grab 'now' earlier */
327			tm_time_p = gmtime(&now);
328			/*
329			 * There is a window of time around midnight
330			 * where this will Do The Wrong Thing.
331			 */
332			if (tm_time_p) {
333				month = tm_time_p->tm_mon + 1;
334				day = tm_time_p->tm_mday;
335			} else {
336				refclock_report(peer, CEVNT_FAULT);
337				return;
338			}
339		}
340		break;
341#endif
342
343	default:
344		refclock_report(peer, CEVNT_BADREPLY);
345		return;
346	}
347
348	/*
349	 * We determine the day of the year from the DIPswitches. This
350	 * should be fixed, since somebody might forget to set them.
351	 * Someday this hazard will be fixed by a fiendish scheme that
352	 * looks at the timecode and year the radio shows, then computes
353	 * the residue of the seconds mod the seconds in a leap cycle.
354	 * If in the third year of that cycle and the third and later
355	 * months of that year, add one to the day. Then, correct the
356	 * timecode accordingly. Icky pooh. This bit of nonsense could
357	 * be avoided if the engineers had been required to write a
358	 * device driver before finalizing the timecode format.
359	 */
360	if (month < 1 || month > 12 || day < 1) {
361		refclock_report(peer, CEVNT_BADTIME);
362		return;
363	}
364	if (pp->year % 4) {
365		if (day > day1tab[month - 1]) {
366			refclock_report(peer, CEVNT_BADTIME);
367			return;
368		}
369		for (i = 0; i < month - 1; i++)
370		    day += day1tab[i];
371	} else {
372		if (day > day2tab[month - 1]) {
373			refclock_report(peer, CEVNT_BADTIME);
374			return;
375		}
376		for (i = 0; i < month - 1; i++)
377		    day += day2tab[i];
378	}
379	pp->day = day;
380
381	/*
382	 * Determine synchronization and last update
383	 */
384	if (!isdigit((unsigned char)dsec))
385		pp->leap = LEAP_NOTINSYNC;
386	else {
387		pp->nsec = (dsec - '0') * 100000000;
388		pp->leap = LEAP_NOWARNING;
389	}
390	if (!refclock_process(pp))
391		refclock_report(peer, CEVNT_BADTIME);
392}
393
394
395/*
396 * heath_poll - called by the transmit procedure
397 */
398static void
399heath_poll(
400	int unit,
401	struct peer *peer
402	)
403{
404	struct refclockproc *pp;
405	int bits = TIOCM_RTS;
406
407	/*
408	 * At each poll we check for timeout and toggle the RTS modem
409	 * control line, then take a timestamp. Presumably, this is the
410	 * event the radio captures to generate the timecode.
411	 * Apparently, the radio takes about a second to make up its
412	 * mind to send a timecode, so the receive timestamp is
413	 * worthless.
414	 */
415	pp = peer->procptr;
416
417	/*
418	 * We toggle the RTS modem control lead (GC-1000) and sent a T
419	 * (GC-1001 II) to kick a timecode loose from the radio. This
420	 * code works only for POSIX and SYSV interfaces. With bsd you
421	 * are on your own. We take a timestamp between the up and down
422	 * edges to lengthen the pulse, which should be about 50 usec on
423	 * a Sun IPC. With hotshot CPUs, the pulse might get too short.
424	 * Later.
425	 *
426	 * Bug 689: Even though we no longer support the GC-1001 II,
427	 * I'm leaving the 'T' write in for timing purposes.
428	 */
429	if (ioctl(pp->io.fd, TIOCMBIC, (char *)&bits) < 0)
430		refclock_report(peer, CEVNT_FAULT);
431	get_systime(&pp->lastrec);
432	if (write(pp->io.fd, "T", 1) != 1)
433		refclock_report(peer, CEVNT_FAULT);
434	ioctl(pp->io.fd, TIOCMBIS, (char *)&bits);
435	if (pp->coderecv == pp->codeproc) {
436		refclock_report(peer, CEVNT_TIMEOUT);
437		return;
438	}
439	pp->lastref = pp->lastrec;
440	refclock_receive(peer);
441	record_clock_stats(&peer->srcadr, pp->a_lastcode);
442#ifdef DEBUG
443	if (debug)
444	    printf("heath: timecode %d %s\n", pp->lencode,
445		   pp->a_lastcode);
446#endif
447	pp->polls++;
448}
449
450#else
451int refclock_heath_bs;
452#endif /* REFCLOCK */
453