1//==- llvm/ADT/IntrusiveRefCntPtr.h - Smart Refcounting Pointer --*- C++ -*-==//
2//
3// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6//
7//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8//
9// This file defines the RefCountedBase, ThreadSafeRefCountedBase, and
10// IntrusiveRefCntPtr classes.
11//
12// IntrusiveRefCntPtr is a smart pointer to an object which maintains a
13// reference count.  (ThreadSafe)RefCountedBase is a mixin class that adds a
14// refcount member variable and methods for updating the refcount.  An object
15// that inherits from (ThreadSafe)RefCountedBase deletes itself when its
16// refcount hits zero.
17//
18// For example:
19//
20//   class MyClass : public RefCountedBase<MyClass> {};
21//
22//   void foo() {
23//     // Constructing an IntrusiveRefCntPtr increases the pointee's refcount by
24//     // 1 (from 0 in this case).
25//     IntrusiveRefCntPtr<MyClass> Ptr1(new MyClass());
26//
27//     // Copying an IntrusiveRefCntPtr increases the pointee's refcount by 1.
28//     IntrusiveRefCntPtr<MyClass> Ptr2(Ptr1);
29//
30//     // Constructing an IntrusiveRefCntPtr has no effect on the object's
31//     // refcount.  After a move, the moved-from pointer is null.
32//     IntrusiveRefCntPtr<MyClass> Ptr3(std::move(Ptr1));
33//     assert(Ptr1 == nullptr);
34//
35//     // Clearing an IntrusiveRefCntPtr decreases the pointee's refcount by 1.
36//     Ptr2.reset();
37//
38//     // The object deletes itself when we return from the function, because
39//     // Ptr3's destructor decrements its refcount to 0.
40//   }
41//
42// You can use IntrusiveRefCntPtr with isa<T>(), dyn_cast<T>(), etc.:
43//
44//   IntrusiveRefCntPtr<MyClass> Ptr(new MyClass());
45//   OtherClass *Other = dyn_cast<OtherClass>(Ptr);  // Ptr.get() not required
46//
47// IntrusiveRefCntPtr works with any class that
48//
49//  - inherits from (ThreadSafe)RefCountedBase,
50//  - has Retain() and Release() methods, or
51//  - specializes IntrusiveRefCntPtrInfo.
52//
53//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
54
55#ifndef LLVM_ADT_INTRUSIVEREFCNTPTR_H
56#define LLVM_ADT_INTRUSIVEREFCNTPTR_H
57
58#include <atomic>
59#include <cassert>
60#include <cstddef>
61#include <memory>
62
63namespace llvm {
64
65/// A CRTP mixin class that adds reference counting to a type.
66///
67/// The lifetime of an object which inherits from RefCountedBase is managed by
68/// calls to Release() and Retain(), which increment and decrement the object's
69/// refcount, respectively.  When a Release() call decrements the refcount to 0,
70/// the object deletes itself.
71template <class Derived> class RefCountedBase {
72  mutable unsigned RefCount = 0;
73
74protected:
75  RefCountedBase() = default;
76  RefCountedBase(const RefCountedBase &) {}
77  RefCountedBase &operator=(const RefCountedBase &) = delete;
78
79#ifndef NDEBUG
80  ~RefCountedBase() {
81    assert(RefCount == 0 &&
82           "Destruction occured when there are still references to this.");
83  }
84#else
85  // Default the destructor in release builds, A trivial destructor may enable
86  // better codegen.
87  ~RefCountedBase() = default;
88#endif
89
90public:
91  void Retain() const { ++RefCount; }
92
93  void Release() const {
94    assert(RefCount > 0 && "Reference count is already zero.");
95    if (--RefCount == 0)
96      delete static_cast<const Derived *>(this);
97  }
98};
99
100/// A thread-safe version of \c RefCountedBase.
101template <class Derived> class ThreadSafeRefCountedBase {
102  mutable std::atomic<int> RefCount{0};
103
104protected:
105  ThreadSafeRefCountedBase() = default;
106  ThreadSafeRefCountedBase(const ThreadSafeRefCountedBase &) {}
107  ThreadSafeRefCountedBase &
108  operator=(const ThreadSafeRefCountedBase &) = delete;
109
110#ifndef NDEBUG
111  ~ThreadSafeRefCountedBase() {
112    assert(RefCount == 0 &&
113           "Destruction occured when there are still references to this.");
114  }
115#else
116  // Default the destructor in release builds, A trivial destructor may enable
117  // better codegen.
118  ~ThreadSafeRefCountedBase() = default;
119#endif
120
121public:
122  void Retain() const { RefCount.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed); }
123
124  void Release() const {
125    int NewRefCount = RefCount.fetch_sub(1, std::memory_order_acq_rel) - 1;
126    assert(NewRefCount >= 0 && "Reference count was already zero.");
127    if (NewRefCount == 0)
128      delete static_cast<const Derived *>(this);
129  }
130};
131
132/// Class you can specialize to provide custom retain/release functionality for
133/// a type.
134///
135/// Usually specializing this class is not necessary, as IntrusiveRefCntPtr
136/// works with any type which defines Retain() and Release() functions -- you
137/// can define those functions yourself if RefCountedBase doesn't work for you.
138///
139/// One case when you might want to specialize this type is if you have
140///  - Foo.h defines type Foo and includes Bar.h, and
141///  - Bar.h uses IntrusiveRefCntPtr<Foo> in inline functions.
142///
143/// Because Foo.h includes Bar.h, Bar.h can't include Foo.h in order to pull in
144/// the declaration of Foo.  Without the declaration of Foo, normally Bar.h
145/// wouldn't be able to use IntrusiveRefCntPtr<Foo>, which wants to call
146/// T::Retain and T::Release.
147///
148/// To resolve this, Bar.h could include a third header, FooFwd.h, which
149/// forward-declares Foo and specializes IntrusiveRefCntPtrInfo<Foo>.  Then
150/// Bar.h could use IntrusiveRefCntPtr<Foo>, although it still couldn't call any
151/// functions on Foo itself, because Foo would be an incomplete type.
152template <typename T> struct IntrusiveRefCntPtrInfo {
153  static void retain(T *obj) { obj->Retain(); }
154  static void release(T *obj) { obj->Release(); }
155};
156
157/// A smart pointer to a reference-counted object that inherits from
158/// RefCountedBase or ThreadSafeRefCountedBase.
159///
160/// This class increments its pointee's reference count when it is created, and
161/// decrements its refcount when it's destroyed (or is changed to point to a
162/// different object).
163template <typename T> class IntrusiveRefCntPtr {
164  T *Obj = nullptr;
165
166public:
167  using element_type = T;
168
169  explicit IntrusiveRefCntPtr() = default;
170  IntrusiveRefCntPtr(T *obj) : Obj(obj) { retain(); }
171  IntrusiveRefCntPtr(const IntrusiveRefCntPtr &S) : Obj(S.Obj) { retain(); }
172  IntrusiveRefCntPtr(IntrusiveRefCntPtr &&S) : Obj(S.Obj) { S.Obj = nullptr; }
173
174  template <class X,
175            std::enable_if_t<std::is_convertible<X *, T *>::value, bool> = true>
176  IntrusiveRefCntPtr(IntrusiveRefCntPtr<X> S) : Obj(S.get()) {
177    S.Obj = nullptr;
178  }
179
180  template <class X,
181            std::enable_if_t<std::is_convertible<X *, T *>::value, bool> = true>
182  IntrusiveRefCntPtr(std::unique_ptr<X> S) : Obj(S.release()) {
183    retain();
184  }
185
186  ~IntrusiveRefCntPtr() { release(); }
187
188  IntrusiveRefCntPtr &operator=(IntrusiveRefCntPtr S) {
189    swap(S);
190    return *this;
191  }
192
193  T &operator*() const { return *Obj; }
194  T *operator->() const { return Obj; }
195  T *get() const { return Obj; }
196  explicit operator bool() const { return Obj; }
197
198  void swap(IntrusiveRefCntPtr &other) {
199    T *tmp = other.Obj;
200    other.Obj = Obj;
201    Obj = tmp;
202  }
203
204  void reset() {
205    release();
206    Obj = nullptr;
207  }
208
209  void resetWithoutRelease() { Obj = nullptr; }
210
211private:
212  void retain() {
213    if (Obj)
214      IntrusiveRefCntPtrInfo<T>::retain(Obj);
215  }
216
217  void release() {
218    if (Obj)
219      IntrusiveRefCntPtrInfo<T>::release(Obj);
220  }
221
222  template <typename X> friend class IntrusiveRefCntPtr;
223};
224
225template <class T, class U>
226inline bool operator==(const IntrusiveRefCntPtr<T> &A,
227                       const IntrusiveRefCntPtr<U> &B) {
228  return A.get() == B.get();
229}
230
231template <class T, class U>
232inline bool operator!=(const IntrusiveRefCntPtr<T> &A,
233                       const IntrusiveRefCntPtr<U> &B) {
234  return A.get() != B.get();
235}
236
237template <class T, class U>
238inline bool operator==(const IntrusiveRefCntPtr<T> &A, U *B) {
239  return A.get() == B;
240}
241
242template <class T, class U>
243inline bool operator!=(const IntrusiveRefCntPtr<T> &A, U *B) {
244  return A.get() != B;
245}
246
247template <class T, class U>
248inline bool operator==(T *A, const IntrusiveRefCntPtr<U> &B) {
249  return A == B.get();
250}
251
252template <class T, class U>
253inline bool operator!=(T *A, const IntrusiveRefCntPtr<U> &B) {
254  return A != B.get();
255}
256
257template <class T>
258bool operator==(std::nullptr_t, const IntrusiveRefCntPtr<T> &B) {
259  return !B;
260}
261
262template <class T>
263bool operator==(const IntrusiveRefCntPtr<T> &A, std::nullptr_t B) {
264  return B == A;
265}
266
267template <class T>
268bool operator!=(std::nullptr_t A, const IntrusiveRefCntPtr<T> &B) {
269  return !(A == B);
270}
271
272template <class T>
273bool operator!=(const IntrusiveRefCntPtr<T> &A, std::nullptr_t B) {
274  return !(A == B);
275}
276
277// Make IntrusiveRefCntPtr work with dyn_cast, isa, and the other idioms from
278// Casting.h.
279template <typename From> struct simplify_type;
280
281template <class T> struct simplify_type<IntrusiveRefCntPtr<T>> {
282  using SimpleType = T *;
283
284  static SimpleType getSimplifiedValue(IntrusiveRefCntPtr<T> &Val) {
285    return Val.get();
286  }
287};
288
289template <class T> struct simplify_type<const IntrusiveRefCntPtr<T>> {
290  using SimpleType = /*const*/ T *;
291
292  static SimpleType getSimplifiedValue(const IntrusiveRefCntPtr<T> &Val) {
293    return Val.get();
294  }
295};
296
297/// Factory function for creating intrusive ref counted pointers.
298template <typename T, typename... Args>
299IntrusiveRefCntPtr<T> makeIntrusiveRefCnt(Args &&...A) {
300  return IntrusiveRefCntPtr<T>(new T(std::forward<Args>(A)...));
301}
302
303} // end namespace llvm
304
305#endif // LLVM_ADT_INTRUSIVEREFCNTPTR_H
306