upgrade revision 1.4.2.5
1 $NetBSD: upgrade,v 1.4.2.5 1998/05/09 05:03:14 mycroft Exp $ 2 3The upgrade to NetBSD _VER is a binary upgrade; it can be quite difficult 4to advance to a later version by recompiling from source due primarily 5to interdepencies in the various components. 6 7No automated upgrade procedure exists for upgrading to release _VER for the 8NetBSD/mac68k architecture. The current procedure is essentially to perform 9a new install from scratch. It is hoped that there will be a good upgrade 10procedure for future releases. Please feel free to volunteer to help 11replace these installation tools. 12 13The following steps outline the current upgrade procedure. These steps 14should help ease the upgrade process. Please read these instructions 15carefully and completely before proceeding: 16 171) Since upgrading involves replacing the kernel and most of the system 18 binaries, it has the potential to cause data loss. You are strongly 19 advised to BACK UP ANY IMPORTANT DATA ON YOUR DISK, whether on the 20 NetBSD partition or on another operating system's partition, before 21 beginning the upgrade process. Although the upgrade should not 22 damage your filesystem(s) in any way, you never know what may happen. 23 242) Download the distribution sets you want from the "mac68k/binary/sets" 25 subdirectory of the NetBSD _VER distribution. You will need the base 26 set and the kernel at a minimum. Be sure to download the files in 27 _binary_ mode. If you will be upgrading from within NetBSD, make sure 28 that you place the distribution sets on a filesystem you will be able to 29 reach from single-user mode. 30 313) Install the _VER kernel. You may either use the Installer utility 32 (included in the "installation/misc" subdirectory) or install from 33 within NetBSD (the latter is recommended for speed reasons). If you 34 choose the former, proceed as you normally would. If you choose to 35 install from within NetBSD, then boot (or shutdown) into single-user 36 mode and do the following: 37 38 cd / 39 tar -zxvpf /path/to/kern.tgz 40 41 There is no need to backup your old kernel explicitly since it will be 42 incapable of running many of the newer binaries you are about to 43 install (unless, of course, you have a backup copy of your older 44 binaries and want to revert to them for some reason). However, you 45 might want to keep a backup if you are upgrading from within NetBSD just 46 in case the newer kernel has trouble booting your machine. 47 484) If you are installing using the Installer, skip to step 5. Otherwise, 49 reboot into NetBSD in single-user mode. Run 'fsck -f' and then mount all 50 local partitions read/write. Usually 'mount -a -t nonfs' should do the 51 trick, but if you have several partitions on the same disk, take note of 52 the fact that a change in partition numbering may have moved a few of 53 your partitions around. You can do a 'disklabel sdX' (where X is a 54 drive on which you have NetBSD partitions) to see how the partitions are 55 currently layed out. It is likely that a partition has shifted into the 56 'sdXd' or 'sdXe' slots, slots that often were not available under 57 previous releases of NetBSD. If this is the case, you will need to 58 manually mount your root partition (via 'mount -w /') and edit your 59 /etc/fstab file to reflect the new partition layout. Unless you are 60 familiar with 'ex' or 'ed', the easiest way to fix your /etc/fstab file 61 is probably to simply do a 'cat > /etc/fstab' and type in the corrected 62 file in its entirety. 63 645) Install the distribution sets. Keep in mind that the NetBSD _VER 65 distribution takes up a considerably larger amount of disk space than 66 did the 1.2 or 1.2.1 distributions. If you are using the Installer, 67 proceed normally (remember that you will need to mount non-root 68 partitions by hand using the MiniShell before installing). If you are 69 installing from within NetBSD, do the following: 70 71 cd / 72 tar --unlink -zxvpf /path/to/base.tgz 73 74 It is crucial that you use the '--unlink' flag when invoking tar or you 75 will fail to correctly overwrite some files. Keep in mind that there is 76 no going back once you have installed the base set short of a complete 77 re-install of an earlier distribution. Continue with the appropriate 78 command line for each of the other sets you wish to install except for 79 the etc set. If you are in the Installer, open up the Minishell and do 80 the following: 81 82 cd /tmp 83 exit 84 85 Ignore the warning message this will cause. Now, use the Installer to 86 install the etc set (it will install into /tmp instead of the /etc 87 directory). 88 89 If you are in NetBSD, do the following instead: 90 91 cd /tmp 92 tar --unlink -zxvpf /path/to/etc.tgz 93 946) If you are in the Installer, quit it and boot into NetBSD in single-user 95 mode. From there, 'cd' to the /tmp/etc directory and compare each file 96 there with your old files in /etc. You will probably want to replace 97 some of your system configuration files, or incorporate some of the 98 changes in the new versions into yours. You should take note of the 99 following when upgrading to the NetBSD _VER etc.tgz set: 100 101 * The first file to pay attention to is /etc/rc.conf. This file did not 102 exist under NetBSD 1.2, but it is used to configure the rc scripts 103 under NetBSD _VER. Edit the file to your preferences, making sure 104 that you change the line that says: 105 106 rc_configured=NO 107 108 to read: 109 110 rc_configured=YES 111 112 This will enable all of the options you have configured in /etc/rc.conf. 113 114 * The next important item to take note of is the new networking 115 configuration files. If you currently have an /etc/hostname.xxN file 116 (fill in the xx with either ae or sn and the X with a number), you will 117 need to convert it into an ifconfig.xxN file before networking 118 automatically works. The format for the new file is simply the 119 arguments which you would give to ifconfig on the command line. The 120 following is an example of the minimal ifconfig.xxN file: 121 122 inet hostname.domain.dom netmask 0xffffff00 123 124 Read the ifconfig(8) man page for more details on arguments to ifconfig. 125 Be sure to set 126 127 auto_ifconfig=YES 128 129 in /etc/rc.conf to ensure that your network interfaces will be brought 130 up automatically on boot. 131 132 * Several of the options given to many of the file systems have changed, 133 and some of the file systems have changed names. IT IS IMPERATIVE THAT 134 YOU CHANGE ANY INSTANCES OF "ufs" IN /etc/fstab TO "ffs". To find out 135 more about different filesystem options, read the man page for the 136 associated mount command (e.g. mount_mfs(8) for MFS filesystems; note: 137 FFS type filesystems are documented in the mount(8) man page). If you 138 have not already done so, you may also need to correct /etc/fstab for 139 a shift in the partition numbering scheme. See step (4) above for more 140 details. 141 142 * You will also probably want to upgrade your device nodes at this time 143 as well. Make sure you have installed the latest MAKEDEV script (it 144 should be included in the etc set) and perform the following commands: 145 146 cd /dev 147 sh MAKEDEV all 148 149 1507) A number of binaries have changed their locations from NetBSD 1.2.1 to 151 NetBSD _VER (most of these have moved from /sbin to /usr/sbin). A few 152 binaries have been removed. It is probably best if you scan the 153 modification dates of the files in the /sbin directory. If there are 154 files in the directory which have newer counterparts in the /usr/sbin 155 directory, it is a very good idea to remove the older files (you will 156 probably run into difficulties later if you choose not to do this). 157 You should also check the /sbin, /bin, /usr/bin/, and /usr/sbin 158 directories for old binaries that are no longer part of the NetBSD 159 distribution and delete them as well. In general, all the files in a 160 particular distribution should have similar modification dates, so 161 looking at these is a good way of determining a file's age. 162 1638) Run 'fsck -f' to make sure that your filesystem is still consistent. If 164 fsck reports any errors, fix them by answering 'y' to its suggested 165 solutions (note: if there are a large number of errors, you may wish 166 to stop and run 'fsck -fy' to automatically answer "yes" instead). 167 1689) Exit from single-user mode and it should continue to boot into 169 multi-user mode. 170 171At this point you have successfully upgraded to NetBSD _VER. 172