ls.c revision 1.63
1/* $NetBSD: ls.c,v 1.63 2006/12/14 20:09:36 he Exp $ */ 2 3/* 4 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993, 1994 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 8 * Michael Fischbein. 9 * 10 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12 * are met: 13 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 19 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 20 * without specific prior written permission. 21 * 22 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 23 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 24 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 25 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 26 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 27 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 28 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 29 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 30 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 31 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 32 * SUCH DAMAGE. 33 */ 34 35#include <sys/cdefs.h> 36#ifndef lint 37__COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993, 1994\n\ 38 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"); 39#endif /* not lint */ 40 41#ifndef lint 42#if 0 43static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ls.c 8.7 (Berkeley) 8/5/94"; 44#else 45__RCSID("$NetBSD: ls.c,v 1.63 2006/12/14 20:09:36 he Exp $"); 46#endif 47#endif /* not lint */ 48 49#include <sys/types.h> 50#include <sys/stat.h> 51#include <sys/ioctl.h> 52 53#include <dirent.h> 54#include <err.h> 55#include <errno.h> 56#include <fts.h> 57#include <locale.h> 58#include <stdio.h> 59#include <stdlib.h> 60#include <string.h> 61#include <unistd.h> 62#include <termios.h> 63#include <pwd.h> 64#include <grp.h> 65#include <util.h> 66 67#include "ls.h" 68#include "extern.h" 69 70static void display(FTSENT *, FTSENT *); 71static int mastercmp(const FTSENT **, const FTSENT **); 72static void traverse(int, char **, int); 73 74static void (*printfcn)(DISPLAY *); 75static int (*sortfcn)(const FTSENT *, const FTSENT *); 76 77#define BY_NAME 0 78#define BY_SIZE 1 79#define BY_TIME 2 80 81long blocksize; /* block size units */ 82int termwidth = 80; /* default terminal width */ 83int sortkey = BY_NAME; 84int rval = EXIT_SUCCESS; /* exit value - set if error encountered */ 85 86/* flags */ 87int f_accesstime; /* use time of last access */ 88int f_column; /* columnated format */ 89int f_columnacross; /* columnated format, sorted across */ 90int f_flags; /* show flags associated with a file */ 91int f_grouponly; /* long listing without owner */ 92int f_humanize; /* humanize the size field */ 93int f_inode; /* print inode */ 94int f_listdir; /* list actual directory, not contents */ 95int f_listdot; /* list files beginning with . */ 96int f_longform; /* long listing format */ 97int f_nonprint; /* show unprintables as ? */ 98int f_nosort; /* don't sort output */ 99int f_numericonly; /* don't convert uid/gid to name */ 100int f_octal; /* print octal escapes for nongraphic characters */ 101int f_octal_escape; /* like f_octal but use C escapes if possible */ 102int f_recursive; /* ls subdirectories also */ 103int f_reversesort; /* reverse whatever sort is used */ 104int f_sectime; /* print the real time for all files */ 105int f_singlecol; /* use single column output */ 106int f_size; /* list size in short listing */ 107int f_statustime; /* use time of last mode change */ 108int f_stream; /* stream format */ 109int f_type; /* add type character for non-regular files */ 110int f_typedir; /* add type character for directories */ 111int f_whiteout; /* show whiteout entries */ 112 113int 114ls_main(int argc, char *argv[]) 115{ 116 static char dot[] = ".", *dotav[] = { dot, NULL }; 117 struct winsize win; 118 int ch, fts_options; 119 int kflag = 0; 120 const char *p; 121 122 setprogname(argv[0]); 123 (void)setlocale(LC_ALL, ""); 124 125 /* Terminal defaults to -Cq, non-terminal defaults to -1. */ 126 if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO)) { 127 if (ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &win) == 0 && 128 win.ws_col > 0) 129 termwidth = win.ws_col; 130 f_column = f_nonprint = 1; 131 } else 132 f_singlecol = 1; 133 134 /* Root is -A automatically. */ 135 if (!getuid()) 136 f_listdot = 1; 137 138 fts_options = FTS_PHYSICAL; 139 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "1ABCFLRSTWabcdfghiklmnopqrstuwx")) != -1) { 140 switch (ch) { 141 /* 142 * The -1, -C, -l, -m and -x options all override each other so 143 * shell aliasing works correctly. 144 */ 145 case '1': 146 f_singlecol = 1; 147 f_column = f_columnacross = f_longform = f_stream = 0; 148 break; 149 case 'C': 150 f_column = 1; 151 f_columnacross = f_longform = f_singlecol = f_stream = 152 0; 153 break; 154 case 'g': 155 if (f_grouponly != -1) 156 f_grouponly = 1; 157 f_longform = 1; 158 f_column = f_columnacross = f_singlecol = f_stream = 0; 159 break; 160 case 'l': 161 f_longform = 1; 162 f_column = f_columnacross = f_singlecol = f_stream = 0; 163 /* Never let -g take precedence over -l. */ 164 f_grouponly = -1; 165 break; 166 case 'm': 167 f_stream = 1; 168 f_column = f_columnacross = f_longform = f_singlecol = 169 0; 170 break; 171 case 'x': 172 f_columnacross = 1; 173 f_column = f_longform = f_singlecol = f_stream = 0; 174 break; 175 /* The -c and -u options override each other. */ 176 case 'c': 177 f_statustime = 1; 178 f_accesstime = 0; 179 break; 180 case 'u': 181 f_accesstime = 1; 182 f_statustime = 0; 183 break; 184 case 'F': 185 f_type = 1; 186 break; 187 case 'L': 188 fts_options &= ~FTS_PHYSICAL; 189 fts_options |= FTS_LOGICAL; 190 break; 191 case 'R': 192 f_recursive = 1; 193 break; 194 case 'a': 195 fts_options |= FTS_SEEDOT; 196 /* FALLTHROUGH */ 197 case 'A': 198 f_listdot = 1; 199 break; 200 /* The -B option turns off the -b, -q and -w options. */ 201 case 'B': 202 f_nonprint = 0; 203 f_octal = 1; 204 f_octal_escape = 0; 205 break; 206 /* The -b option turns off the -B, -q and -w options. */ 207 case 'b': 208 f_nonprint = 0; 209 f_octal = 0; 210 f_octal_escape = 1; 211 break; 212 /* The -d option turns off the -R option. */ 213 case 'd': 214 f_listdir = 1; 215 f_recursive = 0; 216 break; 217 case 'f': 218 f_nosort = 1; 219 break; 220 case 'i': 221 f_inode = 1; 222 break; 223 case 'k': 224 blocksize = 1024; 225 kflag = 1; 226 f_humanize = 0; 227 break; 228 /* The -h option forces all sizes to be measured in bytes. */ 229 case 'h': 230 f_humanize = 1; 231 kflag = 0; 232 break; 233 case 'n': 234 f_numericonly = 1; 235 break; 236 case 'o': 237 f_flags = 1; 238 break; 239 case 'p': 240 f_typedir = 1; 241 break; 242 /* The -q option turns off the -B, -b and -w options. */ 243 case 'q': 244 f_nonprint = 1; 245 f_octal = 0; 246 f_octal_escape = 0; 247 break; 248 case 'r': 249 f_reversesort = 1; 250 break; 251 case 'S': 252 sortkey = BY_SIZE; 253 break; 254 case 's': 255 f_size = 1; 256 break; 257 case 'T': 258 f_sectime = 1; 259 break; 260 case 't': 261 sortkey = BY_TIME; 262 break; 263 case 'W': 264 f_whiteout = 1; 265 break; 266 /* The -w option turns off the -B, -b and -q options. */ 267 case 'w': 268 f_nonprint = 0; 269 f_octal = 0; 270 f_octal_escape = 0; 271 break; 272 default: 273 case '?': 274 usage(); 275 } 276 } 277 argc -= optind; 278 argv += optind; 279 280 if (f_column || f_columnacross || f_stream) { 281 if ((p = getenv("COLUMNS")) != NULL) 282 termwidth = atoi(p); 283 } 284 285 /* 286 * If both -g and -l options, let -l take precedence. 287 */ 288 if (f_grouponly == -1) 289 f_grouponly = 0; 290 291 /* 292 * If not -F, -i, -l, -p, -S, -s or -t options, don't require stat 293 * information. 294 */ 295 if (!f_inode && !f_longform && !f_size && !f_type && !f_typedir && 296 sortkey == BY_NAME) 297 fts_options |= FTS_NOSTAT; 298 299 /* 300 * If not -F, -d or -l options, follow any symbolic links listed on 301 * the command line. 302 */ 303 if (!f_longform && !f_listdir && !f_type) 304 fts_options |= FTS_COMFOLLOW; 305 306 /* 307 * If -W, show whiteout entries 308 */ 309#ifdef FTS_WHITEOUT 310 if (f_whiteout) 311 fts_options |= FTS_WHITEOUT; 312#endif 313 314 /* If -l or -s, figure out block size. */ 315 if (f_inode || f_longform || f_size) { 316 if (!kflag) 317 (void)getbsize(NULL, &blocksize); 318 blocksize /= 512; 319 } 320 321 /* Select a sort function. */ 322 if (f_reversesort) { 323 switch (sortkey) { 324 case BY_NAME: 325 sortfcn = revnamecmp; 326 break; 327 case BY_SIZE: 328 sortfcn = revsizecmp; 329 break; 330 case BY_TIME: 331 if (f_accesstime) 332 sortfcn = revacccmp; 333 else if (f_statustime) 334 sortfcn = revstatcmp; 335 else /* Use modification time. */ 336 sortfcn = revmodcmp; 337 break; 338 } 339 } else { 340 switch (sortkey) { 341 case BY_NAME: 342 sortfcn = namecmp; 343 break; 344 case BY_SIZE: 345 sortfcn = sizecmp; 346 break; 347 case BY_TIME: 348 if (f_accesstime) 349 sortfcn = acccmp; 350 else if (f_statustime) 351 sortfcn = statcmp; 352 else /* Use modification time. */ 353 sortfcn = modcmp; 354 break; 355 } 356 } 357 358 /* Select a print function. */ 359 if (f_singlecol) 360 printfcn = printscol; 361 else if (f_columnacross) 362 printfcn = printacol; 363 else if (f_longform) 364 printfcn = printlong; 365 else if (f_stream) 366 printfcn = printstream; 367 else 368 printfcn = printcol; 369 370 if (argc) 371 traverse(argc, argv, fts_options); 372 else 373 traverse(1, dotav, fts_options); 374 return rval; 375 /* NOTREACHED */ 376} 377 378static int output; /* If anything output. */ 379 380/* 381 * Traverse() walks the logical directory structure specified by the argv list 382 * in the order specified by the mastercmp() comparison function. During the 383 * traversal it passes linked lists of structures to display() which represent 384 * a superset (may be exact set) of the files to be displayed. 385 */ 386static void 387traverse(int argc, char *argv[], int options) 388{ 389 FTS *ftsp; 390 FTSENT *p, *chp; 391 int ch_options, error; 392 393 if ((ftsp = 394 fts_open(argv, options, f_nosort ? NULL : mastercmp)) == NULL) 395 err(EXIT_FAILURE, NULL); 396 397 display(NULL, fts_children(ftsp, 0)); 398 if (f_listdir) { 399 (void)fts_close(ftsp); 400 return; 401 } 402 403 /* 404 * If not recursing down this tree and don't need stat info, just get 405 * the names. 406 */ 407 ch_options = !f_recursive && options & FTS_NOSTAT ? FTS_NAMEONLY : 0; 408 409 while ((p = fts_read(ftsp)) != NULL) 410 switch (p->fts_info) { 411 case FTS_DC: 412 warnx("%s: directory causes a cycle", p->fts_name); 413 break; 414 case FTS_DNR: 415 case FTS_ERR: 416 warnx("%s: %s", p->fts_name, strerror(p->fts_errno)); 417 rval = EXIT_FAILURE; 418 break; 419 case FTS_D: 420 if (p->fts_level != FTS_ROOTLEVEL && 421 p->fts_name[0] == '.' && !f_listdot) 422 break; 423 424 /* 425 * If already output something, put out a newline as 426 * a separator. If multiple arguments, precede each 427 * directory with its name. 428 */ 429 if (output) 430 (void)printf("\n%s:\n", p->fts_path); 431 else if (argc > 1) { 432 (void)printf("%s:\n", p->fts_path); 433 output = 1; 434 } 435 436 chp = fts_children(ftsp, ch_options); 437 display(p, chp); 438 439 if (!f_recursive && chp != NULL) 440 (void)fts_set(ftsp, p, FTS_SKIP); 441 break; 442 } 443 error = errno; 444 (void)fts_close(ftsp); 445 errno = error; 446 if (errno) 447 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "fts_read"); 448} 449 450/* 451 * Display() takes a linked list of FTSENT structures and passes the list 452 * along with any other necessary information to the print function. P 453 * points to the parent directory of the display list. 454 */ 455static void 456display(FTSENT *p, FTSENT *list) 457{ 458 struct stat *sp; 459 DISPLAY d; 460 FTSENT *cur; 461 NAMES *np; 462 u_int64_t btotal, stotal, maxblock, maxsize; 463 ino_t maxinode; 464 int maxnlink, maxmajor, maxminor; 465 int bcfile, entries, flen, glen, ulen, maxflags, maxgroup, maxlen; 466 int maxuser, needstats; 467 const char *user, *group; 468 char buf[21]; /* 64 bits == 20 digits, +1 for NUL */ 469 char nuser[12], ngroup[12]; 470 char *flags = NULL; 471 472 /* 473 * If list is NULL there are two possibilities: that the parent 474 * directory p has no children, or that fts_children() returned an 475 * error. We ignore the error case since it will be replicated 476 * on the next call to fts_read() on the post-order visit to the 477 * directory p, and will be signalled in traverse(). 478 */ 479 if (list == NULL) 480 return; 481 482 needstats = f_inode || f_longform || f_size; 483 flen = 0; 484 maxinode = maxnlink = 0; 485 bcfile = 0; 486 maxuser = maxgroup = maxflags = maxlen = 0; 487 btotal = stotal = maxblock = maxsize = 0; 488 maxmajor = maxminor = 0; 489 for (cur = list, entries = 0; cur; cur = cur->fts_link) { 490 if (cur->fts_info == FTS_ERR || cur->fts_info == FTS_NS) { 491 warnx("%s: %s", 492 cur->fts_name, strerror(cur->fts_errno)); 493 cur->fts_number = NO_PRINT; 494 rval = EXIT_FAILURE; 495 continue; 496 } 497 498 /* 499 * P is NULL if list is the argv list, to which different rules 500 * apply. 501 */ 502 if (p == NULL) { 503 /* Directories will be displayed later. */ 504 if (cur->fts_info == FTS_D && !f_listdir) { 505 cur->fts_number = NO_PRINT; 506 continue; 507 } 508 } else { 509 /* Only display dot file if -a/-A set. */ 510 if (cur->fts_name[0] == '.' && !f_listdot) { 511 cur->fts_number = NO_PRINT; 512 continue; 513 } 514 } 515 if (cur->fts_namelen > maxlen) 516 maxlen = cur->fts_namelen; 517 if (needstats) { 518 sp = cur->fts_statp; 519 if (sp->st_blocks > maxblock) 520 maxblock = sp->st_blocks; 521 if (sp->st_ino > maxinode) 522 maxinode = sp->st_ino; 523 if (sp->st_nlink > maxnlink) 524 maxnlink = sp->st_nlink; 525 if (sp->st_size > maxsize) 526 maxsize = sp->st_size; 527 if (S_ISCHR(sp->st_mode) || S_ISBLK(sp->st_mode)) { 528 bcfile = 1; 529 if (major(sp->st_rdev) > maxmajor) 530 maxmajor = major(sp->st_rdev); 531 if (minor(sp->st_rdev) > maxminor) 532 maxminor = minor(sp->st_rdev); 533 } 534 535 btotal += sp->st_blocks; 536 stotal += sp->st_size; 537 if (f_longform) { 538 if (f_numericonly || 539 (user = user_from_uid(sp->st_uid, 0)) == 540 NULL) { 541 (void)snprintf(nuser, sizeof(nuser), 542 "%u", sp->st_uid); 543 user = nuser; 544 } 545 if (f_numericonly || 546 (group = group_from_gid(sp->st_gid, 0)) == 547 NULL) { 548 (void)snprintf(ngroup, sizeof(ngroup), 549 "%u", sp->st_gid); 550 group = ngroup; 551 } 552 if ((ulen = strlen(user)) > maxuser) 553 maxuser = ulen; 554 if ((glen = strlen(group)) > maxgroup) 555 maxgroup = glen; 556 if (f_flags) { 557 flags = 558 flags_to_string((u_long)sp->st_flags, "-"); 559 if ((flen = strlen(flags)) > maxflags) 560 maxflags = flen; 561 } else 562 flen = 0; 563 564 if ((np = malloc(sizeof(NAMES) + 565 ulen + glen + flen + 2)) == NULL) 566 err(EXIT_FAILURE, NULL); 567 568 np->user = &np->data[0]; 569 (void)strcpy(np->user, user); 570 np->group = &np->data[ulen + 1]; 571 (void)strcpy(np->group, group); 572 573 if (f_flags) { 574 np->flags = &np->data[ulen + glen + 2]; 575 (void)strcpy(np->flags, flags); 576 free(flags); 577 } 578 cur->fts_pointer = np; 579 } 580 } 581 ++entries; 582 } 583 584 if (!entries) 585 return; 586 587 d.list = list; 588 d.entries = entries; 589 d.maxlen = maxlen; 590 if (needstats) { 591 d.btotal = btotal; 592 d.stotal = stotal; 593 if (f_humanize) { 594 d.s_block = 4; /* min buf length for humanize_number */ 595 } else { 596 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%llu", 597 (long long)howmany(maxblock, blocksize)); 598 d.s_block = strlen(buf); 599 } 600 d.s_flags = maxflags; 601 d.s_group = maxgroup; 602 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%llu", 603 (unsigned long long)maxinode); 604 d.s_inode = strlen(buf); 605 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", maxnlink); 606 d.s_nlink = strlen(buf); 607 if (f_humanize) { 608 d.s_size = 4; /* min buf length for humanize_number */ 609 } else { 610 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%llu", 611 (long long)maxsize); 612 d.s_size = strlen(buf); 613 } 614 d.s_user = maxuser; 615 if (bcfile) { 616 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", maxmajor); 617 d.s_major = strlen(buf); 618 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", maxminor); 619 d.s_minor = strlen(buf); 620 if (d.s_major + d.s_minor + 2 > d.s_size) 621 d.s_size = d.s_major + d.s_minor + 2; 622 else if (d.s_size - d.s_minor - 2 > d.s_major) 623 d.s_major = d.s_size - d.s_minor - 2; 624 } else { 625 d.s_major = 0; 626 d.s_minor = 0; 627 } 628 } 629 630 printfcn(&d); 631 output = 1; 632 633 if (f_longform) 634 for (cur = list; cur; cur = cur->fts_link) 635 free(cur->fts_pointer); 636} 637 638/* 639 * Ordering for mastercmp: 640 * If ordering the argv (fts_level = FTS_ROOTLEVEL) return non-directories 641 * as larger than directories. Within either group, use the sort function. 642 * All other levels use the sort function. Error entries remain unsorted. 643 */ 644static int 645mastercmp(const FTSENT **a, const FTSENT **b) 646{ 647 int a_info, b_info; 648 649 a_info = (*a)->fts_info; 650 if (a_info == FTS_ERR) 651 return (0); 652 b_info = (*b)->fts_info; 653 if (b_info == FTS_ERR) 654 return (0); 655 656 if (a_info == FTS_NS || b_info == FTS_NS) { 657 if (b_info != FTS_NS) 658 return (1); 659 else if (a_info != FTS_NS) 660 return (-1); 661 else 662 return (namecmp(*a, *b)); 663 } 664 665 if (a_info != b_info && !f_listdir && 666 (*a)->fts_level == FTS_ROOTLEVEL) { 667 if (a_info == FTS_D) 668 return (1); 669 else if (b_info == FTS_D) 670 return (-1); 671 } 672 return (sortfcn(*a, *b)); 673} 674