1$NetBSD: UPDATING,v 1.349 2024/04/23 03:25:39 maya Exp $
2
3This file (UPDATING) is intended to be a brief reference to recent
4changes that might cause problems in the build process, and a guide for
5what to do if something doesn't work.
6
7For a more detailed description of the recommended way to build NetBSD
8using build.sh, see the BUILDING file.
9
10Note that much of the advice in this UPDATING file was written before
11build.sh existed.  Nevertheless, the advice here may be useful for
12working around specific problems with build.sh.
13
14Sections are marked with "^^^^^".  After the section on "Recent changes"
15are several sections containing more general information.
16
17See also: BUILDING, build.sh, Makefile.
18
19Recent changes:
20^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
21
2220240423:
23	Update builds with x11 may fail after switching to Mesa 21.
24
2520240410:
26	Update builds may require manually deleting
27	$DESTDIR/var/run/named (and, potentially,
28	$DESTDIR/var/run/lwresd) in order to avoid checkflist failure.
29
3020240409:
31	32-bit compatibility libraries were moved into the base32
32	and debug32 sets.  HTML man pages were moved into the manhtml set.
33
3420230828:
35	If:
36        - you updated to current and ran postinstall between 20230826
37	  and 20230828 inclusive, and
38        - you are not using anything outside the base system to
39	  populate /etc/openssl/certs (e.g., manually adding
40	  certificates or using ca-certificates or mozilla-rootcerts or
41	  mozilla-rootcerts-openssl from pkgsrc),
42	delete /etc/openssl/certs and rerun postinstall or just
43	`certctl rehash'.
44
45	Otherwise, certctl(8) will think someone else has left
46	/etc/openssl/certs in the way and will avoid clobbering it on
47	upgrade from older NetBSD.
48
4920230718:
50	build.sh will use mk.conf in the same directory as build.sh instead
51	of /etc/mk.conf, unless MAKECONF is already defined in the environment.
52
5320230714:
54	Import of gcc 10.5 requires a clean build of at least tools/gcc
55	and external/gpl3/gcc* object directories. An update build
56	without cleaning will result in obscure failures in rare corner
57	cases.
58
5920230604:
60	Building native kernels with the installed make(1) instead of
61	the $TOOLDIR/bin/nbmake-${arch} wrapper will fail if userland
62	has not been updated. Note that this is an unsupported build
63	configuration (but usually works if userland is -current enough).
64
6520230523:
66	ctfmerge was fixed as macOS host tool. This may require a clean tools
67	rebuild to detect the update to tools/compat/configure.
68
6920230515:
70	New openssl build requires removal of the crypto/external/bsd/openssl
71	and tests/crypto/libcrypto subdirectories in the ${OBJDIR} hierarchy.
72	Otherwise test results may be wrong due to wrong "golden" output
73	files being installed.
74
7520230322:
76	Fixes for moved /lib/libisns* mean that builds will complain about
77	./usr/lib/libisns* being missing until src/lib/libisns is forced
78	to (re)install the files, including the symlinks.  The simplest
79	way is to clean this subdir before building.
80
8120230112:
82	New binutils require an updated ld.elf_so. If you are doing
83	(unsupported) in-place self builds (with the -E flag to build.sh),
84	make sure to have installed latest ld.elf_so before you rebuild
85	userland.
86
8720221116:
88	The addition to NetBSD's version of UFS2 of support for extended
89	attributes broke backward compatibility with previous releases
90	of NetBSD, so UFS2 has been restored to being compatible with
91	previous NetBSD releases by disabling extended attributes.
92	(Note that ACLs are implemented as extended attributes, so
93	this changes disables ACLs as well.)
94
95	Support for UFS2 with extended attributes is now available in a new
96	UFS variant called UFS2ea.  If you have created extended attributes
97	in an original UFS2 file system then "fsck -p" will now fail due to
98	the unexpected presence of extended attributes and "fsck -y" will
99	remove all extended attributes.  If you wish to preserve extended
100	attributes rather than delete them, there is a utility to convert
101	a UFS2 file system to UFS2ea and leave extended attributes in place,
102	but this should be used with caution since it will preserve any
103	extended attributes that have been corrupted by the backward
104	incompatibility too.
105
106	If you wish to use a UFS2ea file system as your root file system,
107	then you will need to update your boot loader to a version that
108	supports UFS2ea.
109
110	For more information, see:
111	https://wiki.netbsd.org/features/UFS2ea
112
11320221111:
114	The new libdrm import worsened the conflict issues for the
115	kdump/ktruss ioctl, and i915 now conflicts with base, and has
116	been turned off.  This will cause update build issues like:
117
118		kdump-ioctl.c:12175:143: error: 'DRM_IOCTL_I915_DESTROY_HEAP'
119		   undeclared here (not in a function);
120		   did you mean 'DRM_IOCTL_MODE_DESTROY_DUMB'?
121
122	You'll need to clean usr.bin/ktruss, usr.bin/kdump, and rescue.
123
12420220921:
125	Since the kernel version was bumped to 9.99.100, the bootloader
126	must be updated on x86 or EFI boot platforms in order to load
127	modules from boot.cfg(5) or interactively at the bootloader
128	prompt.
129
130	The kernel can still load modules at runtime, with modload(8)
131	or modules.conf(5), with no bootloader update.  This will not
132	affect release branches because it only applies to patch
133	numbers >=100.
134
135	On x86 (i386 or amd64) with BIOS boot, this requires copying a
136	new /usr/mdec/boot to /boot.  You can build this in the destdir
137	by running `$TOOLDIR/bin/nbmake-$ARCH dependall install' in
138	sys/arch/i386/stand.
139
140	On platforms with EFI boot (including x86 with EFI boot), this
141	requires copying a new /usr/mdec/boot*.efi to the EFI/BOOT/
142	directory on the EFI system partition.  The boot*.efi file is:
143
144	aarch64	bootaa64.efi
145	amd64	bootx64.efi
146	arm	bootarm.efi	(32-bit arm)
147	i386	bootx32.efi
148
149	You can build this in the destdir by running
150	`$TOOLDIR/bin/nbmake-$ARCH dependall install' in
151	sys/stand/efiboot/boot*.
152
15320220821:
154	Support for building extsrc/ has been deprecated.
155	EXTSRCSRCDIR and MKEXTSRC have been deprecated.
156
15720220714:
158	Updates to xorg-server and associated drivers may cause builds to
159	fail.  Cleaning both DESTDIR and the xorg build tree may be needed.
160
16120220628:
162	Changes in the build of src/games/robots require a clean build
163	of that program.
164
16520211116:
166	Changes in the xorg build require clean obj dirs for external/mit/xorg
167	(or a full clean/non-update build).
168
16920211112:
170	Device tree sources were updated for evbarm.  Some device nodes
171	(in particular, ld(4) devices on the ROCKPro64) will be renumbered.
172
17320211014:
174	MKPIE default for aarch64 has changed, a clean build is required.
175
17620210917:
177	Changed MNT_ACLS to default to POSIX1e ACLs instead of NFSv4
178	ACLs, to be compatible with FreeBSD. If you are using NFSv4 ACLs
179	and have "acls" in /etc/fstab you'll need to change it to "nfs4acls".
180
18120210711:
182	Updated GMP sources may require cleaning in tools/gmp and/or in
183	external/lgpl3/gmp/lib, particularly if GCC itself does not build.
184
18520210417:
186	GCC 10 was enabled for several platforms.  If builds fail in either
187	tools/gcc or external/gpl/gcc, first try cleaning those objects and
188	removing the $DESTDIR/usr/include/g++ subdirectory.
189
19020201016:
191	MIPS kernel modules have been disabled until they work.  This will
192	turn up in extra files in the DESTDIR, which should be cleaned.
193
19420200925:
195	GNU MPC and MPFR have been updated.  At least MPFR needs cleaning
196	in both the tools and external dirs.
197
19820200912:
199	GCC 9 has arrived for Arm and x86 platforms, and will be coming
200	for several more, as will binutils 2.34.  Clean as required.
201
20220200907:
203	GCC 9 is coming, and binutils has been updated for MIPS.  This
204	probably requires cleaning the tools/binutils.
205
20620200811:
207	GCC updates may require cleaning the objdir.  This may occur
208	due to GCC 7.5 update, GCC 8.4 move to gcc.old, or the upcoming
209	GCC 9 upgrade.
210
21120200614:
212	blacklist* has been renamed to blocklist*. postinstall(8)
213	should handle the migration.
214
21520200601:
216	Due to a mistake in LIBISPRIVATE handling, .so libraries were
217	created in the build directories and need cleaning.
218
21920200311:
220	GCC 8 ports will need cleaning in src/tools/gcc and
221	src/external/gpl3/gcc due to GCC 8.4 update.
222
22320191118:
224	More architectures were switched to gcc8:
225	    i386, ia64 powerpc64, sparc, sparc64, arm
226	The same comments as in 20191022 apply.
227
22820191112:
229	The LLVM update requires a clean rebuild for all architectures using
230	LLVM during the tools build phase (i386, amd64, aarch64).
231
23220191022:
233	Ports amd64 and aarch64 switched to GCC 8.3 by default.
234	In-place ("expert mode", build.sh -E) builds are not supported
235	when going from a GCC 7 userland to GCC 8. Do a regular
236	build to a different DESTDIR (or preferably: build.sh -U) at least
237	once and install sets, or download comp.{tar.xz,tgz} from the
238	daily builds and install that before doing the next in-place build.
239
24020191001:
241	GCC 8.3 was imported.  Builds of src/tools/gcc may fail if
242	old builds with GCC 7 output now uses GCC 8.  Clean this
243	directory, and also clean src/external/gpl3/gcc.
244
24520190903:
246	Files with names that coincide with existing files' names on
247	case-insensitive file systems were inadvertently committed, for
248	radeon GPU firmware.  We cannot mark these as obsolete for
249	postinstall to fix, so if you updated src since 2019-08-26, and
250	ran build.sh distribution or ran build.sh release, you must
251	manually delete the following files in your DESTDIR (which is
252	usually $OBJDIR/destir.$ARCH), or from / if you have installed
253	them:
254
255		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_ce.bin
256		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_mc.bin
257		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_me.bin
258		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_mec.bin
259		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_pfp.bin
260		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_rlc.bin
261		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_sdma.bin
262		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_smc.bin
263		/libdata/firmware/radeon/bonaire_uvd.bin
264		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_ce.bin
265		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_mc.bin
266		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_me.bin
267		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_pfp.bin
268		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_rlc.bin
269		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hainan_smc.bin
270		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_ce.bin
271		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_mc.bin
272		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_me.bin
273		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_mec.bin
274		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_pfp.bin
275		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_rlc.bin
276		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_sdma.bin
277		/libdata/firmware/radeon/hawaii_smc.bin
278		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_ce.bin
279		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_me.bin
280		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_mec.bin
281		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_pfp.bin
282		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_rlc.bin
283		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kabini_sdma.bin
284		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_ce.bin
285		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_me.bin
286		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_mec.bin
287		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_mec2.bin
288		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_pfp.bin
289		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_rlc.bin
290		/libdata/firmware/radeon/kaveri_sdma.bin
291		/libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_ce.bin
292		/libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_me.bin
293		/libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_mec.bin
294		/libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_pfp.bin
295		/libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_rlc.bin
296		/libdata/firmware/radeon/mullins_sdma.bin
297		/libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_ce.bin
298		/libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_mc.bin
299		/libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_me.bin
300		/libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_pfp.bin
301		/libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_rlc.bin
302		/libdata/firmware/radeon/oland_smc.bin
303		/libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_ce.bin
304		/libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_mc.bin
305		/libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_me.bin
306		/libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_pfp.bin
307		/libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_rlc.bin
308		/libdata/firmware/radeon/pitcairn_smc.bin
309		/libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_ce.bin
310		/libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_mc.bin
311		/libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_me.bin
312		/libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_pfp.bin
313		/libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_rlc.bin
314		/libdata/firmware/radeon/tahiti_smc.bin
315		/libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_ce.bin
316		/libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_mc.bin
317		/libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_me.bin
318		/libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_pfp.bin
319		/libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_rlc.bin
320		/libdata/firmware/radeon/verde_smc.bin
321
322	We will re-import these radeon firmware images another way
323	later.
324
32520190727:
326	The uefi bootloader has gained tftp support and needs a clean
327	build. If you do update builds, manually clean its object
328	directory by something like:
329	cd sys/arch/i386/stand/efiboot && make clean
330
33120190723:
332	The jemalloc allocator in libc is now built without extended
333	debugging (for performance reasons). In update builds make sure
334	to rebuild it completely, by removing all affected object files,
335	including compat builds, something like:
336	cd /usr/obj && find . -type d -name jemalloc|xargs rm -rf
337
33820190207:
339	GCC 7 switched for many ports.  Update builds are likely to fail.
340
341Hints for a more successful build:
342^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
343    Use build.sh, but do not use its "expert mode":
344	This will automatically build the tools in the
345	   correct order, and it will keep the tools and the
346	   new build products from interfering with the running
347	   system.  This will allow you to ignore most of the
348	   other advice in this file.
349    Build a new kernel first:
350	This makes sure that any new system calls or features
351	   expected by the new userland will be present.  This
352	   helps to avoid critical errors when upgrading.
353    Use object directories:
354	This helps to keep stale object
355	   files from polluting the build if a Makefile "forgets"
356	   about one.  It also makes it easier to clean up after
357	   a build.  It's also necessary if you want to use the
358	   same source tree for multiple machines.
359	   To use object directories with build.sh:
360	    a) invoke build.sh with the "-M" or "-O" options.
361	   To use object directories without using build.sh:
362	    a) cd /usr/src ; make cleandir
363	    b) Add "OBJMACHINE=yes" to /etc/mk.conf
364	    c) Add "MKOBJDIRS=yes" to /etc/mk.conf
365	    d) cd /usr/src ; make build
366	   Note that running "make obj" in a directory will create
367	   in obj.$MACHINE directory.
368    Build to a DESTDIR:
369	This helps to keep old installed files (especially libraries)
370	   from interfering with the new build.
371	   To build to a DESTDIR with build.sh, use the "-D" option.
372	   To build to a DESTDIR without using build.sh, set the DESTDIR
373	   environment variable before running make build.  It should be
374	   set to the pathname of an initially empty directory.
375	   Problems: if you do not use build.sh, you might need to
376		update critical utilities without using DESTDIR since
377		nothing is executed from what is installed in DESTDIR.
378		(See critical utils, below.)
379    Build often:
380	This keeps critical utilities current enough to not choke
381	on any other part of the source tree that depends on up to
382	date functionality.  If you use build.sh, you should not have
383	this problem.
384
385What to do if things don't work:
386^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
387When things don't work there are usually a few things that commonly
388should be done.
389    1)	make includes
390	This should be done automatically by make build.
391    2)  cd share/mk && make install
392	Again, automatically done by make build.
393
394Failsafe rebuild of a small part of the tree:
395^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
396To make sure you rebuild something correctly you want to do
397something like the following:
398    1)  Make sure the includes and .mk files are up to date.
399    2)  Make sure any program used to build the particular
400	utility is up to date.  (yacc, lex, etc...)
401    3)  cd ...path/to/util...
402	make cleandir
403	rm ...all obj directories...
404	make cleandir			# yes, again
405	make obj
406	make depend && make
407
408Failsafe rebuild of the entire tree:
409^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
410If you really want to make sure the source tree is clean and
411ready for a build try the following.  Note that sourcing /etc/mk.conf
412(a make(1) Makefile) in this manner is not right, and will not work
413for anyone who uses any make(1) features in /etc/mk.conf.
414
415---cut here---
416#!/bin/sh
417. /etc/mk.conf
418
419if [ -z $NETBSDSRCDIR ] ; then
420    NETBSDSRCDIR=/usr/src
421fi
422if [ \! -d $NETBSDSRCDIR ] ; then
423    echo Unable to find sources
424    exit 1
425fi
426find $NETBSDSRCDIR -name \*.o -o -name obj.\* -o -name obj -exec rm \{\} \;
427
428if [ -z $BSDOBJDIR ] ; then
429    BSDOBJDIR=/usr/obj
430fi
431if [ -d $BSDOBJDIR ] ; then
432    rm -rf $BSDOBJDIR
433fi
434
435cd $NETBSDSRCDIR && make cleandir
436
437---cut here---
438
439Critical utilities:
440^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
441	usr.bin/make
442	usr.bin/yacc
443	usr.bin/lex
444	usr.bin/xlint
445	usr.bin/config
446
447Other problems and possible solutions:
448^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
449Symptom:Complaints involving a Makefile.
450Fix:	Rebuild usr.bin/make:
451	cd usr.bin/make && make && make install
452	Or, a failsafe method if that doesn't work:
453	cd usr.bin/make && cc -DMAKE_NATIVE *.c -I. -o make \
454	&& install make /usr/bin
455
456Fix:	Make sure .mk files are up to date.
457	cd share/mk && make install
458
459Symptom:Kernel `config' fails to configure any kernel, including GENERIC.
460Fix:	Rebuild usr.bin/config
461
462Symptom:Obsolete intermediate files are used during compilation
463Fix:	Try the following sequence of commands in the directory in question.
464	make cleandir; rm `make print-objdir`; make cleandir; make obj
465	(If you built the tree without "make obj" in the past, obsolete files
466	may remain.  The command tries to clean everything up)
467
468Symptom:.../sysinst/run.c:xx: warning: initialization from incompatible
469	pointer type
470Fix:	Rebuild and install usr.bin/menuc
471
472Symptom:mklocale not found during build in share/locale/ctype
473Fix:	Build and install usr.bin/mklocale
474
475Symptom:undefined reference to `__assert13' or `__unsetenv13'
476Fix:    Rebuild and install lib/libc
477
478Symptom:usr.bin/config fails to build.
479Fix:	Try building with -DMAKE_BOOTSTRAP added to CFLAGS in Makefile.
480
481Symptom:undefined reference to `getprogname' or `setprogname'
482Fix:    Rebuild and install lib/libc
483
484Symptom:Update build fails in src/tools/gcc complaining that a variable
485	(e.g. CPPFLAGS) has changed since the previous run.
486Fix:    Run "nbmake-${ARCH} clean" in src/tools/gcc or do a clean build.
487
488Symptom:cvs [update aborted]: cannot open directory /cvsroot/src/...:
489	No such file or directory.
490Cause:	If a directory is created by mistake, then it is sometimes
491	deleted from the CVS repository using administrative commands
492	that bypass the normal cvs access controls.  If your cvs working tree
493	contains references to a directory that has been deleted on the
494	server in this way, then "cvs update" reports this error.
495Fix:	Recursively delete the affected directory from your working tree
496	and try the update again.
497