BUILDING revision 1.82
1BUILDING(8)             NetBSD System Manager's Manual             BUILDING(8)
2
3NAME
4     BUILDING -- Procedure for building NetBSD from source code.
5
6REQUIREMENTS
7     NetBSD is designed to be buildable on most POSIX-compliant host systems.
8     The basic build procedure is the same whether compiling natively (on the
9     same NetBSD architecture) or cross compiling (on another architecture or
10     OS).
11
12     This source tree contains a special subtree, ``tools'', which uses the
13     host system to create a build toolchain for the target architecture.  The
14     host system must have at least C and C++ compilers in order to create the
15     toolchain (make is not required); all other tools are created as part of
16     the NetBSD build process.  (See the environment variables section below
17     if you need to override or manually select your compilers.)
18
19FILES
20   Source tree layout
21     doc/BUILDING.mdoc
22                    This document (in -mdoc troff format; the original copy).
23
24     BUILDING       This document (in plaintext).
25
26     tools/compat/README
27                    Special notes for cross-hosting a NetBSD build on non-
28                    NetBSD platforms.
29
30     Makefile       The main Makefile for NetBSD; should only be run for
31                    native builds with an appropriately up-to-date version of
32                    NetBSD make(1).  (For building from out-of-date systems or
33                    on a non-native host, see the build.sh shell script.)
34
35     UPDATING       Special notes for updating from an earlier revision of
36                    NetBSD.  It is important to read this file before every
37                    build of an updated source tree.
38
39     build.sh       Bourne-compatible shell script used for building the host
40                    build tools and the NetBSD system from scratch.  Can be
41                    used for both native and cross builds, and should be used
42                    instead of make(1) for any source tree that is updated and
43                    recompiled regularly.
44
45     crypto/dist/, dist/, gnu/dist/
46                    Sources imported verbatim from third parties, without man-
47                    gling the existing build structure.  Other source trees in
48                    bin through usr.sbin use the NetBSD make(1) ``reachover''
49                    Makefile semantics when building these programs for a
50                    native host.
51
52     distrib/, etc/
53                    Sources for items used when making a full release snap-
54                    shot, such as files installed in DESTDIR/etc on the desti-
55                    nation system, boot media, and release notes.
56
57     tests/, regress/
58                    Regression test harness.  Can be cross-compiled, but only
59                    run natively.  tests/ uses the atf(7) test framework;
60                    regress/ contains older tests that have not yet been
61                    migrated to atf(7).
62
63     sys/           NetBSD kernel sources.
64
65     tools/         ``Reachover'' build structure for the host build tools.
66                    This has a special method of determining out-of-date sta-
67                    tus.
68
69     bin/ ... usr.sbin/
70                    Sources to the NetBSD userland (non-kernel) programs.  If
71                    any of these directories are missing, they will be skipped
72                    during the build.
73
74     x11/           ``Reachover'' build structure for X11R6; the source is in
75                    X11SRCDIR.
76
77   Build tree layout
78     The NetBSD build tree is described in hier(7), and the release layout is
79     described in release(7).
80
81CONFIGURATION
82   Environment variables
83     Several environment variables control the behaviour of NetBSD builds.
84
85     HOST_SH           Path name to a POSIX-compliant shell.  If this is not
86                       set explicitly, then the default is set using heuris-
87                       tics dependent on the host platform, or from the shell
88                       under which build.sh is executed (if that can be deter-
89                       mined), or using the first copy of sh found in PATH.
90                       If the host system's /bin/sh is not POSIX-compliant, we
91                       suggest that you build using commands like
92
93                             HOST_SH=/path/to/working/shell
94                             export HOST_SH
95                             ${HOST_SH} build.sh [options]
96
97     HOST_CC           Path name to C compiler used to create the toolchain.
98
99     HOST_CXX          Path name to C++ compiler used to create the toolchain.
100
101     MACHINE           Machine type, e.g., ``macppc''.
102
103     MACHINE_ARCH      Machine architecture, e.g., ``powerpc''.
104
105     MAKE              Path name to invoke make(1) as.
106
107     MAKEFLAGS         Flags to invoke make(1) with.
108
109     MAKEOBJDIR        Directory to use as the .OBJDIR for the current direc-
110                       tory.  The value is subjected to variable expansion by
111                       make(1).  Typical usage is to set this variable to a
112                       value involving the use of `${.CURDIR:S...}' or
113                       `${.CURDIR:C...}', to derive the value of .OBJDIR from
114                       the value of .CURDIR.  Used only if MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX is
115                       not defined.  MAKEOBJDIR can be provided only in the
116                       environment or via the -O flag of build.sh; it cannot
117                       usefully be set inside a Makefile, including mk.conf or
118                       ${MAKECONF}.
119
120     MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX  Top level directory of the object directory tree.  If
121                       specified, must be an absolute path.  If this is
122                       defined, ${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}/${.CURDIR} is used as the
123                       .OBJDIR for the current directory.  The current direc-
124                       tory may be read only.  MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX can be pro-
125                       vided only in the environment or via the -M flag of
126                       build.sh; it cannot usefully be set inside a Makefile,
127                       including mk.conf or ${MAKECONF}.
128
129   "make" variables
130     Several variables control the behavior of NetBSD builds.  Unless other-
131     wise specified, these variables may be set in either the process environ-
132     ment or the make(1) configuration file specified by MAKECONF.
133
134     BUILDID     Identifier for the build.  The identifier will be appended to
135                 object directory names, and can be consulted in the make(1)
136                 configuration file in order to set additional build parame-
137                 ters, such as compiler flags.
138
139     BUILDSEED   GCC uses random numbers when compiling C++ code.  This vari-
140                 able seeds the gcc random number generator using the -fran-
141                 dom-seed flag with this value.  By default, it is set to
142                 NetBSD-(majorversion).  Using a fixed value causes C++ bina-
143                 ries to be the same when built from the same sources.  Addi-
144                 tional information is available in the GCC documentation of
145                 -frandom-seed.
146
147     DESTDIR     Directory to contain the built NetBSD system.  If set, spe-
148                 cial options are passed to the compilation tools to prevent
149                 their default use of the host system's /usr/include,
150                 /usr/lib, and so forth.  This pathname must be an absolute
151                 path, and should not end with a slash (/) character.  (For
152                 installation into the system's root directory, set DESTDIR to
153                 an empty string, not to ``/'').  The directory must reside on
154                 a file system which supports long file names and hard links.
155
156                 Default: Empty string if USETOOLS is ``yes''; unset other-
157                 wise.
158
159                 Note: build.sh will provide a default of destdir.MACHINE (in
160                 the top-level .OBJDIR) unless run in `expert' mode.
161
162     MAKECONF    The name of the make(1) configuration file.  Only settable in
163                 the process environment.
164
165                 Default: ``/etc/mk.conf''
166
167     MAKEVERBOSE
168                 Level of verbosity of status messages.  Supported values:
169
170                 0    No descriptive messages or commands executed by make(1)
171                      are shown.
172
173                 1    Brief messages are shown describing what is being done,
174                      but the actual commands executed by make(1) are not dis-
175                      played.
176
177                 2    Descriptive messages are shown as above (prefixed with a
178                      `#'), and ordinary commands performed by make(1) are
179                      displayed.
180
181                 3    In addition to the above, all commands performed by
182                      make(1) are displayed, even if they would ordinarily
183                      have been hidden through use of the ``@'' prefix in the
184                      relevant makefile.
185
186                 4    In addition to the above, commands executed by make(1)
187                      are traced through use of the sh(1) ``-x'' flag.
188
189                 Default: 2
190
191     MKCATPAGES  Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether prefor-
192                 matted plaintext manual pages will be created during a build.
193
194                 Default: ``yes''
195
196     MKCRYPTO    Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether crypto-
197                 graphic code will be included in a build; provided for the
198                 benefit of countries that do not allow strong cryptography.
199                 Will not affect use of the standard low-security password
200                 encryption system, crypt(3).
201
202                 Default: ``yes''
203
204     MKDOC       Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether system
205                 documentation destined for DESTDIR/usr/share/doc will be
206                 installed during a build.
207
208                 Default: ``yes''
209
210     MKHTML      Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether prefor-
211                 matted HTML manual pages will be built and installed
212
213                 Default: ``yes''
214
215     MKHOSTOBJ   Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  If set to ``yes'', then for
216                 programs intended to be run on the compile host, the name,
217                 release, and architecture of the host operating system will
218                 be suffixed to the name of the object directory created by
219                 ``make obj''.  (This allows multiple host systems to compile
220                 NetBSD for a single target.)  If set to ``no'', then programs
221                 built to be run on the compile host will use the same object
222                 directory names as programs built to be run on the target.
223
224                 Default: ``no''
225
226     MKINFO      Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether GNU Info
227                 files, used for the documentation for most of the compilation
228                 tools, will be created and installed during a build.
229
230                 Default: ``yes''
231
232     MKLINT      Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether lint(1)
233                 will be run against portions of the NetBSD source code during
234                 the build, and whether lint libraries will be installed into
235                 DESTDIR/usr/libdata/lint.
236
237                 Default: ``yes''
238
239     MKMAN       Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether manual
240                 pages will be installed during a build.
241
242                 Default: ``yes''
243
244     MKNLS       Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether Native
245                 Language System locale zone files will be compiled and
246                 installed during a build.
247
248                 Default: ``yes''
249
250     MKOBJ       Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether object
251                 directories will be created when running ``make obj''.  If
252                 set to ``no'', then all built files will be located inside
253                 the regular source tree.
254
255                 Default: ``yes''
256
257                 Note that setting MKOBJ to ``no'' is not recommended and may
258                 cause problems when updating the tree with cvs(1).
259
260     MKPIC       Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether shared
261                 objects and libraries will be created and installed during a
262                 build.  If set to ``no'', the entire built system will be
263                 statically linked.
264
265                 Default: Platform dependent.  As of this writing, all plat-
266                 forms except sh3 default to ``yes''.
267
268     MKPICINSTALL
269                 Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether the ar(1)
270                 format libraries (lib*_pic.a), used to generate shared
271                 libraries, are installed during a build.
272
273                 Default: ``yes''
274
275     MKPROFILE   Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether profiled
276                 libraries (lib*_p.a) will be built and installed during a
277                 build.
278
279                 Default: ``yes''; however, some platforms turn off MKPROFILE
280                 by default at times due to toolchain problems with profiled
281                 code.
282
283     MKSHARE     Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether files
284                 destined to reside in DESTDIR/usr/share will be built and
285                 installed during a build.  If set to ``no'', then all of
286                 MKCATPAGES, MKDOC, MKINFO, MKMAN, and MKNLS will be set to
287                 ``no'' unconditionally.
288
289                 Default: ``yes''
290
291     MKSTRIPIDENT
292                 Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether program
293                 binaries and shared libraries should be built to include RCS
294                 IDs for use with ident(1).
295
296                 Default: ``no''
297
298     MKTTINTERP  Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  For X builds, decides if
299                 the TrueType bytecode interpreter is turned on.  See
300                 http://www.freetype.org/patents.html for details.
301
302                 Default: ``no''
303
304     MKUNPRIVED  Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether an
305                 unprivileged install will occur.  The user, group, permis-
306                 sions, and file flags, will not be set on the installed
307                 items; instead the information will be appended to a file
308                 called METALOG in DESTDIR.  The contents of METALOG are used
309                 during the generation of the distribution tar files to ensure
310                 that the appropriate file ownership is stored.
311
312                 Default: ``no''
313
314     MKUPDATE    Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether all
315                 install operations intended to write to DESTDIR will compare
316                 file timestamps before installing, and skip the install phase
317                 if the destination files are up-to-date.  This also has
318                 implications on full builds (see next subsection).
319
320                 Default: ``no''
321
322     MKX11       Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether X11 is
323                 built from X11SRCDIR.
324
325                 Default: ``no''
326
327     TOOLDIR     Directory to hold the host tools, once built.  If specified,
328                 must be an absolute path.  This directory should be unique to
329                 a given host system and NetBSD source tree.  (However, multi-
330                 ple targets may share the same TOOLDIR; the target-dependent
331                 files have unique names.)  If unset, a default based on the
332                 uname(1) information of the host platform will be created in
333                 the .OBJDIR of src.
334
335                 Default: Unset.
336
337     USETOOLS    Indicates whether the tools specified by TOOLDIR should be
338                 used as part of a build in progress.  Must be set to ``yes''
339                 if cross-compiling.
340
341                 yes    Use the tools from TOOLDIR.
342
343                 no     Do not use the tools from TOOLDIR, but refuse to build
344                        native compilation tool components that are version-
345                        specific for that tool.
346
347                 never  Do not use the tools from TOOLDIR, even when building
348                        native tool components.  This is similar to the tradi-
349                        tional NetBSD build method, but does not verify that
350                        the compilation tools in use are up-to-date enough in
351                        order to build the tree successfully.  This may cause
352                        build or runtime problems when building the whole
353                        NetBSD source tree.
354
355                 Default: ``yes'', unless TOOLCHAIN_MISSING is set to ``yes''.
356
357                 USETOOLS is also set to ``no'' when using <bsd.*.mk> outside
358                 the NetBSD source tree.
359
360     X11SRCDIR   Directory containing the X11R6 source.  If specified, must be
361                 an absolute path.  The main X11R6 source is found in
362                 X11SRCDIR/xfree/xc.
363
364                 Default: ``/usr/xsrc''
365
366     X11FLAVOUR  The style of X11 cross-built, set to either ``Xorg'' or
367                 ``XFree86''.
368
369                 Default: ``Xorg'' on amd64, i386, macppc, shark and sparc64
370                 platforms, ``XFree86'' on everything else.
371
372   "make" variables for full builds
373     These variables only affect the top level ``Makefile'' and do not affect
374     manually building subtrees of the NetBSD source code.
375
376     INSTALLWORLDDIR  Location for the ``make installworld'' target to install
377                      to.  If specified, must be an absolute path.
378
379                      Default: ``/''
380
381     MKOBJDIRS        Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether
382                      object directories will be created automatically (via a
383                      ``make obj'' pass) at the start of a build.
384
385                      Default: ``no''
386
387                      If using build.sh, the default is ``yes''.  This may be
388                      set back to ``no'' by giving build.sh the -o option.
389
390     MKUPDATE         Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  If set, then in addi-
391                      tion to the effects described for MKUPDATE=yes above,
392                      this implies the effects of NOCLEANDIR (i.e., ``make
393                      cleandir'' is avoided).
394
395                      Default: ``no''
396
397                      If using build.sh, this may be set by giving the -u
398                      option.
399
400     NBUILDJOBS       Now obsolete.  Use the make(1) option -j, instead.  See
401                      below.
402
403                      Default: Unset.
404
405     NOCLEANDIR       If set, avoids the ``make cleandir'' phase of a full
406                      build.  This has the effect of allowing only changed
407                      files in a source tree to be recompiled.  This can speed
408                      up builds when updating only a few files in the tree.
409
410                      Default: Unset.
411
412                      See also MKUPDATE.
413
414     NODISTRIBDIRS    If set, avoids the ``make distrib-dirs'' phase of a full
415                      build.  This skips running mtree(8) on DESTDIR, useful
416                      on systems where building as an unprivileged user, or
417                      where it is known that the system-wide mtree files have
418                      not changed.
419
420                      Default: Unset.
421
422     NOINCLUDES       If set, avoids the ``make includes'' phase of a full
423                      build.  This has the effect of preventing make(1) from
424                      thinking that some programs are out-of-date simply
425                      because the system include files have changed.  However,
426                      this option should not be used when updating the entire
427                      NetBSD source tree arbitrarily; it is suggested to use
428                      MKUPDATE=yes instead in that case.
429
430                      Default: Unset.
431
432     RELEASEDIR       If set, specifies the directory to which a release(7)
433                      layout will be written at the end of a ``make release''.
434                      If specified, must be an absolute path.
435
436                      Default: Unset.
437
438                      Note: build.sh will provide a default of releasedir (in
439                      the top-level .OBJDIR) unless run in `expert' mode.
440
441BUILDING
442   "make" command line options
443     This is not a summary of all the options available to make(1); only the
444     options used most frequently with NetBSD builds are listed here.
445
446     -j njob    Run up to njob make(1) subjobs in parallel.  Makefiles should
447                use .WAIT or have explicit dependencies as necessary to
448                enforce build ordering.
449
450     -m dir     Specify the default directory for searching for system Make-
451                file segments, mainly the <bsd.*.mk> files.  When building any
452                full NetBSD source tree, this should be set to the
453                ``share/mk'' directory in the source tree.  This is set auto-
454                matically when building from the top level, or when using
455                build.sh.
456
457     -n         Display the commands that would have been executed, but do not
458                actually execute them.  This will still cause recursion to
459                take place.
460
461     -V var     Print make(1)'s idea of the value of var.  Does not build any
462                targets.
463
464     var=value  Set the variable var to value, overriding any setting speci-
465                fied by the process environment, the MAKECONF configuration
466                file, or the system Makefile segments.
467
468   "make" targets
469     These default targets may be built by running make(1) in any subtree of
470     the NetBSD source code.  It is recommended that none of these be used
471     from the top level Makefile; as a specific exception, ``make obj'' and
472     ``make cleandir'' are useful in that context.
473
474     all        Build programs, libraries, and preformatted documentation.
475
476     clean      Remove program and library object code files.
477
478     cleandir   Same as clean, but also remove preformatted documentation,
479                dependency files generated by ``make depend'', and any other
480                files known to be created at build time.
481
482     depend     Create dependency files (.depend) containing more detailed
483                information about the dependencies of source code on header
484                files.  Allows programs to be recompiled automatically when a
485                dependency changes.
486
487     dependall  Does a ``make depend'' immediately followed by a ``make all''.
488                This improves cache locality of the build since both passes
489                read the source files in their entirety.
490
491     distclean  Synonym for cleandir.
492
493     includes   Build and install system header files.  Typically needed
494                before any system libraries or programs can be built.
495
496     install    Install programs, libraries, and documentation into DESTDIR.
497                Few files will be installed to DESTDIR/dev, DESTDIR/etc,
498                DESTDIR/root or DESTDIR/var in order to prevent user supplied
499                configuration data from being overwritten.
500
501     lint       Run lint(1) against the C source code, where appropriate, and
502                generate system-installed lint libraries.
503
504     obj        Create object directories to be used for built files, instead
505                of building directly in the source tree.
506
507     tags       Create ctags(1) searchable function lists usable by the ex(1)
508                and vi(1) text editors.
509
510   "make" targets for the top level
511     Additional make(1) targets are usable specifically from the top source
512     level to facilitate building the entire NetBSD source tree.
513
514     build         Build the entire NetBSD system (except the kernel).  This
515                   orders portions of the source tree such that prerequisites
516                   will be built in the proper order.
517
518     distribution  Do a ``make build'', and then install a full distribution
519                   (which does not include a kernel) into DESTDIR, including
520                   files in DESTDIR/dev, DESTDIR/etc, DESTDIR/root and
521                   DESTDIR/var.
522
523     buildworld    As per ``make distribution'', except that it ensures that
524                   DESTDIR is not the root directory.
525
526     installworld  Install the distribution from DESTDIR to INSTALLWORLDDIR,
527                   which defaults to the root directory.  Ensures that
528                   INSTALLWORLDDIR is not the root directory if cross compil-
529                   ing.
530
531                   The INSTALLSETS environment variable may be set to a list
532                   of distribution sets to be installed.  By default, all sets
533                   except ``etc'' and ``xetc'' are installed, so most files in
534                   INSTALLWORLDDIR/etc will not be installed or modified.
535
536                   Note: Before performing this operation with
537                   INSTALLWORLDDIR=/, it is highly recommended that you
538                   upgrade your kernel and reboot.  After performing this
539                   operation, it is recommended that you use etcupdate(8) to
540                   update files in INSTALLWORLDDIR/etc and that you use
541                   postinstall(8) to check for inconsistencies (and possibly
542                   to fix them).
543
544     sets          Create distribution sets from DESTDIR into
545                   RELEASEDIR/RELEASEMACHINEDIR/binary/sets.  Should be run
546                   after ``make distribution'', as ``make build'' alone does
547                   not install all of the required files.
548
549     sourcesets    Create source sets of the source tree into
550                   RELEASEDIR/source/sets.
551
552     syspkgs       Create syspkgs from DESTDIR into
553                   RELEASEDIR/RELEASEMACHINEDIR/binary/syspkgs.  Should be run
554                   after ``make distribution'', as ``make build'' alone does
555                   not install all of the required files.
556
557     release       Do a ``make distribution'', build kernels, distribution
558                   media, and install sets (this as per ``make sets''), and
559                   then package the system into a standard release layout as
560                   described by release(7).  This requires that RELEASEDIR be
561                   set (see above).
562
563     iso-image     Create a NetBSD installation CD-ROM image in the
564                   RELEASEDIR/iso directory.  The CD-ROM file system will have
565                   a layout as described in release(7).
566
567                   For most machine types, the CD-ROM will be bootable, and
568                   will automatically run the sysinst(8) menu-based installa-
569                   tion program, which can be used to install or upgrade a
570                   NetBSD system.  Bootable CD-ROMs also contain tools that
571                   may be useful in repairing a damaged NetBSD installation.
572
573                   Before ``make iso-image'' is attempted, RELEASEDIR must be
574                   populated by ``make release'' or equivalent.
575
576                   Note that other, smaller, CD-ROM images may be created in
577                   the RELEASEDIR/RELEASEMACHINEDIR/installation/cdrom direc-
578                   tory by ``make release''.  These smaller images usually
579                   contain the same tools as the larger images in
580                   RELEASEDIR/iso, but do not contain additional content such
581                   as the distribution sets.
582
583                   Note that the mac68k port still uses an older method of
584                   creating CD-ROM images.  This requires the mkisofs(1) util-
585                   ity, which is not part of NetBSD, but which can be
586                   installed from pkgsrc/sysutils/cdrtools.
587
588     iso-image-source
589                   Create a NetBSD installation CD-ROM image in the
590                   RELEASEDIR/iso directory.  The CD-ROM file system will have
591                   a layout as described in release(7).  It will have top
592                   level directories for the machine type and source.
593
594                   For most machine types, the CD-ROM will be bootable, and
595                   will automatically run the sysinst(8) menu-based installa-
596                   tion program, which can be used to install or upgrade a
597                   NetBSD system.  Bootable CD-ROMs also contain tools that
598                   may be useful in repairing a damaged NetBSD installation.
599
600                   Before ``make iso-image-source'' is attempted, RELEASEDIR
601                   must be populated by ``make sourcesets release'' or equiva-
602                   lent.
603
604                   Note that other, smaller, CD-ROM images may be created in
605                   the RELEASEDIR/RELEASEMACHINEDIR/installation/cdrom direc-
606                   tory by ``make release''.  These smaller images usually
607                   contain the same tools as the larger images in
608                   RELEASEDIR/iso, but do not contain additional content such
609                   as the distribution sets.
610
611                   Note that the mac68k port still uses an older method of
612                   creating CD-ROM images.  This requires the mkisofs(1) util-
613                   ity, which is not part of NetBSD, but which can be
614                   installed from pkgsrc/sysutils/cdrtools.
615
616     regression-tests
617                   Can only be run after building the regression tests in the
618                   directory ``regress''.  Runs those compiled regression
619                   tests on the local host.  Note that most tests are now man-
620                   aged instead using atf(7); this target should probably run
621                   those as well but currently does not.
622
623   The "build.sh" script
624     This script file is a Bourne shell script designed to build the entire
625     NetBSD system on any host with a Bourne shell in /bin/sh, including many
626     that are not POSIX compliant.  Note that if a host system's /bin/sh is
627     unusually old and broken, the Korn Shell (/bin/ksh), if available, may be
628     a usable alternative.
629
630     All cross-compile builds, and most native builds, of the entire system
631     should make use of build.sh rather than just running ``make''.  This way,
632     the make(1) program will be bootstrapped properly, in case the host sys-
633     tem has an older or incompatible ``make'' program.
634
635     When compiling the entire system via build.sh, many make(1) variables are
636     set for you in order to help encapsulate the build process.  In the list
637     of options below, variables that are automatically set by build.sh are
638     noted where applicable.
639
640     The following operations are supported by build.sh:
641
642     build         Build the system as per ``make build''.  Before the main
643                   part of the build commences, this command runs the obj
644                   operation (unless the -o option is given), ``make
645                   cleandir'' (unless the -u option is given), and the tools
646                   operation.
647
648     distribution  Build a full distribution as per ``make distribution''.
649                   This command first runs the build operation.
650
651     release       Build a full release as per ``make release''.  This command
652                   first runs the distribution operation.
653
654     makewrapper   Create the nbmake-MACHINE wrapper.  This operation is auto-
655                   matically performed for any of the other operations.
656
657     cleandir      Perform ``make cleandir''.
658
659     obj           Perform ``make obj''.
660
661     tools         Build and install the host tools from src/tools.  This com-
662                   mand will first run ``make obj'' and ``make cleandir'' in
663                   the tools subdirectory unless the -o or -u options (respec-
664                   tively) are given.
665
666     install=idir  Install the contents of DESTDIR to idir, using ``make
667                   installworld''.  Note that files that are part of the
668                   ``etc'' or ``xetc'' sets will not be installed.
669
670     kernel=kconf  Build a new kernel.  The kconf argument is the name of a
671                   configuration file suitable for use by config(1).  If kconf
672                   does not contain any `/' characters, the configuration file
673                   is expected to be found in the KERNCONFDIR directory, which
674                   is typically sys/arch/MACHINE/conf.  The new kernel will be
675                   built in a subdirectory of KERNOBJDIR, which is typically
676                   sys/arch/MACHINE/compile or an associated object directory.
677
678                   This command does not imply the tools command; run the
679                   tools command first unless it is certain that the tools
680                   already exist and are up to date.
681
682                   This command will run ``make cleandir'' on the kernel in
683                   question first unless the -u option is given.
684
685     releasekernel=kconf
686                   Install a gzip(1)ed copy of the kernel previously built by
687                   kernel=kconf into
688                   RELEASEDIR/RELEASEMACHINEDIR/binary/kernel, usually as
689                   netbsd-kconf.gz, although the ``netbsd'' prefix is deter-
690                   mined from the ``config'' directives in kconf.
691
692     sets          Perform ``make sets''.
693
694     sourcesets    Perform ``make sourcesets''.
695
696     syspkgs       Perform ``make syspkgs''.
697
698     iso-image     Perform ``make iso-image''.
699
700     iso-image-source
701                   Perform ``make iso-image-source''.
702
703     The following command line options alter the behaviour of the build.sh
704     operations described above:
705
706     -a arch   Set the value of MACHINE_ARCH to arch.
707
708     -B buildid
709               Set the value of BUILDID to buildid.  This will also append the
710               build identifier to the name of the ``make'' wrapper script so
711               that the resulting name is of the form
712               ``nbmake-MACHINE-BUILDID''.
713
714     -C cdextras
715               Set the value of CDEXTRA to cdextras which is a space-separated
716               list of files or directories which will be added in order to
717               the CD-ROM image when used in conjunction with ``iso-image'' or
718               ``iso-image-source''.  Files will be added to the root of the
719               CD-ROM image, whereas directories will be copied recursively.
720               If relative paths are specified, they will be converted to
721               absolute paths before being used.
722
723     -D dest   Set the value of DESTDIR to dest.  If a relative path is speci-
724               fied, it will be converted to an absolute path before being
725               used.
726
727     -E        Set `expert' mode.  This overrides various sanity checks, and
728               allows: DESTDIR does not have to be set to a non-root path for
729               builds, and MKUNPRIVED=yes does not have to be set when build-
730               ing as a non-root user.
731
732               Note: It is highly recommended that you know what you are doing
733               when you use this option.
734
735     -h        Print a help message.
736
737     -j njob   Run up to njob make(1) subjobs in parallel; passed through to
738               make(1).  If you see failures for reasons other than running
739               out of memory while using build.sh with -j, please save com-
740               plete build logs so the failures can be analyzed.
741
742               To achieve the fastest builds, -j values between (1 + the num-
743               ber of CPUs) and (2 * the number of CPUs) are recommended.  Use
744               lower values on machines with limited memory or I/O bandwidth.
745
746     -M obj    Set MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX to obj.  For instance, if the source
747               directory is /usr/src, a setting of ``-M /usr/obj'' will place
748               build-time files under /usr/obj/usr/src/bin,
749               /usr/obj/usr/src/lib, /usr/obj/usr/src/usr.bin, and so forth.
750               If a relative path is specified, it will be converted to an
751               absolute path before being used.  Unsets MAKEOBJDIR.  See ``-O
752               -obj'' for more information.
753
754     -m mach   Set the value of MACHINE to mach, except in some special cases
755               listed below.  This will also override any value of
756               MACHINE_ARCH in the process environment with a value deduced
757               from mach, unless -a is specified.  All cross builds require
758               -m, but if unset on a NetBSD host, the host's value of MACHINE
759               will be detected and used automatically.
760
761               Some machines support multiple values for MACHINE_ARCH.  The
762               following special cases for the mach argument are defined to
763               set the listed values of MACHINE and MACHINE_ARCH:
764
765                     mach          MACHINE    MACHINE_ARCH
766                     evbarm        evbarm     (not set)
767                     evbarm-eb     evbarm     armeb
768                     evbarm-el     evbarm     arm
769                     evbmips       evbmips    (not set)
770                     evbmips-eb    evbmips    mipseb
771                     evbmips-el    evbmips    mipsel
772                     evbsh3        evbsh3     (not set)
773                     evbsh3-eb     evbsh3     sh3eb
774                     evbsh3-el     evbsh3     sh3el
775                     sbmips        sbmips     (not set)
776                     sbmips-eb     sbmips     mipseb
777                     sbmips-el     sbmips     mipsel
778
779     -N noiselevel
780               Set the ``noisyness'' level of the build, by setting
781               MAKEVERBOSE to noiselevel.
782
783     -n        Show the commands that would be executed by build.sh, but do
784               not make any changes.  This is similar in concept to ``make
785               -n''.
786
787     -O obj    Create an appropriate transform macro for MAKEOBJDIR that will
788               place the built object files under obj.  For instance, a set-
789               ting of ``-O /usr/obj'' will place build-time files under
790               /usr/obj/bin, /usr/obj/lib, /usr/obj/usr.bin, and so forth.  If
791               a relative path is specified, it will be converted to an abso-
792               lute path before being used.  Unsets MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX.
793
794               In normal use, exactly one of the -M or -O options should be
795               specified.  If neither -M nor -O is specified, then a default
796               object directory will be chosen according to rules in
797               <bsd.obj.mk>.  Relying on this default is not recommended
798               because it is determined by complex rules that are influenced
799               by the values of several variables and by the location of the
800               source directory.
801
802     -o        Set the value of MKOBJDIRS to ``no''.  Otherwise, it will be
803               automatically set to ``yes''.  This default is opposite to the
804               behaviour when not using build.sh.
805
806     -R rel    Set the value of RELEASEDIR to rel.  If a relative path is
807               specified, it will be converted to an absolute path before
808               being used.
809
810     -r        Remove the contents of DESTDIR and TOOLDIR before building
811               (provides a clean starting point).  This will skip deleting
812               DESTDIR if building on a native system to the root directory.
813
814     -S seed   Change the value of BUILDSEED to seed.  This should rarely be
815               necessary.
816
817     -T tools  Set the value of TOOLDIR to tools.  If a relative path is spec-
818               ified, it will be converted to an absolute path before being
819               used.  If set, the bootstrap ``make'' will only be rebuilt if
820               the source files for make(1) have changed.
821
822     -U        Set MKUNPRIVED=yes.
823
824     -u        Set MKUPDATE=yes.
825
826     -V var=[value]
827               Set the environment variable var to an optional value.  This is
828               propagated to the nbmake wrapper.
829
830     -w wrapper
831               Create the nbmake wrapper script (see below) in a custom loca-
832               tion, specified by wrapper.  This allows, for instance, to
833               place the wrapper in PATH automatically.  Note that wrapper is
834               the full name of the file, not just a directory name.  If a
835               relative path is specified, it will be converted to an absolute
836               path before being used.
837
838     -X x11src
839               Set the value of X11SRCDIR to x11src.  If a relative path is
840               specified, it will be converted to an absolute path before
841               being used.
842
843     -x        Set MKX11=yes.
844
845     -Z var    Unset ("zap") the environment variable var.  This is propagated
846               to the nbmake wrapper.
847
848   The "nbmake-MACHINE" wrapper script
849     If using the build.sh script to build NetBSD, a nbmake-MACHINE script
850     will be created in TOOLDIR/bin upon the first build to assist in building
851     subtrees on a cross-compile host.
852
853     nbmake-MACHINE can be invoked in lieu of make(1), and will instead call
854     the up-to-date version of ``nbmake'' installed into TOOLDIR/bin with sev-
855     eral key variables pre-set, including MACHINE, MACHINE_ARCH, and TOOLDIR.
856     nbmake-MACHINE will also set variables specified with -V, and unset vari-
857     ables specified with -Z.
858
859     This script can be symlinked into a directory listed in PATH, or called
860     with an absolute path.
861
862EXAMPLES
863     1.   % ./build.sh [options] tools kernel=GENERIC
864
865          Build a new toolchain, and use the new toolchain to configure and
866          build a new GENERIC kernel.
867
868     2.   % ./build.sh [options] -U distribution
869
870          Using unprivileged mode, build a complete distribution to a DESTDIR
871          directory that build.sh selects (and will display).
872
873     3.   # ./build.sh [options] -U install=/
874
875          As root, install to / the distribution that was built by example 2.
876          Even though this is run as root, -U is required so that the permis-
877          sions stored in DESTDIR/METALOG are correctly applied to the files
878          as they're copied to /.
879
880     4.   % ./build.sh [options] -U -u release
881
882          Using unprivileged mode, build a complete release to DESTDIR and
883          RELEASEDIR directories that build.sh selects (and will display).
884          MKUPDATE=yes (-u) is set to prevent the ``make cleandir'', so that
885          if this is run after example 2, it doesn't need to redo that portion
886          of the release build.
887
888OBSOLETE VARIABLES
889     NBUILDJOBS  Use the make(1) option -j instead.
890
891     USE_NEW_TOOLCHAIN
892                 The new toolchain is now the default.  To disable, use
893                 TOOLCHAIN_MISSING=yes.
894
895SEE ALSO
896     make(1), hier(7), release(7), etcupdate(8), postinstall(8), sysinst(8),
897     pkgsrc/sysutils/cdrtools
898
899HISTORY
900     The build.sh based build scheme was introduced for NetBSD 1.6 as
901     USE_NEW_TOOLCHAIN, and re-worked to TOOLCHAIN_MISSING after that.
902
903NetBSD                        September 10, 2008                        NetBSD
904