BUILDING revision 1.80
1BUILDING(8)             NetBSD System Manager's Manual             BUILDING(8)
2
3NAME
4     BUILDING -- Procedure for building NetBSD from source code.
5
6REQUIREMENTS
7     NetBSD is designed to be buildable on most POSIX-compliant host systems.
8     The basic build procedure is the same whether compiling natively (on the
9     same NetBSD architecture) or cross compiling (on another architecture or
10     OS).
11
12     This source tree contains a special subtree, ``tools'', which uses the
13     host system to create a build toolchain for the target architecture.  The
14     host system must have at least C and C++ compilers in order to create the
15     toolchain (make is not required); all other tools are created as part of
16     the NetBSD build process.  (See the environment variables section below
17     if you need to override or manually select your compilers.)
18
19FILES
20   Source tree layout
21     doc/BUILDING.mdoc
22                    This document (in -mdoc troff format; the original copy).
23
24     BUILDING       This document (in plaintext).
25
26     tools/compat/README
27                    Special notes for cross-hosting a NetBSD build on non-
28                    NetBSD platforms.
29
30     Makefile       The main Makefile for NetBSD; should only be run for
31                    native builds with an appropriately up-to-date version of
32                    NetBSD make(1).  (For building from out-of-date systems or
33                    on a non-native host, see the build.sh shell script.)
34
35     UPDATING       Special notes for updating from an earlier revision of
36                    NetBSD.  It is important to read this file before every
37                    build of an updated source tree.
38
39     build.sh       Bourne-compatible shell script used for building the host
40                    build tools and the NetBSD system from scratch.  Can be
41                    used for both native and cross builds, and should be used
42                    instead of make(1) for any source tree that is updated and
43                    recompiled regularly.
44
45     crypto/dist/, dist/, gnu/dist/
46                    Sources imported verbatim from third parties, without man-
47                    gling the existing build structure.  Other source trees in
48                    bin through usr.sbin use the NetBSD make(1) ``reachover''
49                    Makefile semantics when building these programs for a
50                    native host.
51
52     distrib/, etc/
53                    Sources for items used when making a full release snap-
54                    shot, such as files installed in DESTDIR/etc on the desti-
55                    nation system, boot media, and release notes.
56
57     tests/, regress/
58                    Regression test harness.  Can be cross-compiled, but only
59                    run natively.  tests/ uses the atf(7) test framework;
60                    regress/ contains older tests that have not yet been
61                    migrated to atf(7).
62
63     sys/           NetBSD kernel sources.
64
65     tools/         ``Reachover'' build structure for the host build tools.
66                    This has a special method of determining out-of-date sta-
67                    tus.
68
69     bin/ ... usr.sbin/
70                    Sources to the NetBSD userland (non-kernel) programs.  If
71                    any of these directories are missing, they will be skipped
72                    during the build.
73
74     x11/           ``Reachover'' build structure for X11R6; the source is in
75                    X11SRCDIR.
76
77   Build tree layout
78     The NetBSD build tree is described in hier(7), and the release layout is
79     described in release(7).
80
81CONFIGURATION
82   Environment variables
83     Several environment variables control the behaviour of NetBSD builds.
84
85     HOST_SH           Path name to a POSIX-compliant shell.  If this is not
86                       set explicitly, then the default is set using heuris-
87                       tics dependent on the host platform, or from the shell
88                       under which build.sh is executed (if that can be deter-
89                       mined), or using the first copy of sh found in PATH.
90                       If the host system's /bin/sh is not POSIX-compliant, we
91                       suggest that you build using commands like
92
93                             HOST_SH=/path/to/working/shell
94                             export HOST_SH
95                             ${HOST_SH} build.sh [options]
96
97     HOST_CC           Path name to C compiler used to create the toolchain.
98
99     HOST_CXX          Path name to C++ compiler used to create the toolchain.
100
101     MACHINE           Machine type, e.g., ``macppc''.
102
103     MACHINE_ARCH      Machine architecture, e.g., ``powerpc''.
104
105     MAKE              Path name to invoke make(1) as.
106
107     MAKEFLAGS         Flags to invoke make(1) with.
108
109     MAKEOBJDIR        Directory to use as the .OBJDIR for the current direc-
110                       tory.  The value is subjected to variable expansion by
111                       make(1).  Typical usage is to set this variable to a
112                       value involving the use of `${.CURDIR:S...}' or
113                       `${.CURDIR:C...}', to derive the value of .OBJDIR from
114                       the value of .CURDIR.  Used only if MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX is
115                       not defined.  MAKEOBJDIR can be provided only in the
116                       environment or via the -O flag of build.sh; it cannot
117                       usefully be set inside a Makefile.
118
119     MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX  Top level directory of the object directory tree.  If
120                       specified, must be an absolute path.  If this is
121                       defined, ${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}/${.CURDIR} is used as the
122                       .OBJDIR for the current directory.  The current direc-
123                       tory may be read only.  MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX can be pro-
124                       vided only in the environment or via the -M flag of
125                       build.sh; it cannot usefully be set inside a Makefile.
126
127   "make" variables
128     Several variables control the behavior of NetBSD builds.  Unless other-
129     wise specified, these variables may be set in either the process environ-
130     ment or the make(1) configuration file specified by MAKECONF.
131
132     BUILDID     Identifier for the build.  The identifier will be appended to
133                 object directory names, and can be consulted in the make(1)
134                 configuration file in order to set additional build parame-
135                 ters, such as compiler flags.
136
137     BUILDSEED   GCC uses random numbers when compiling C++ code.  This vari-
138                 able seeds the gcc random number generator using the -fran-
139                 dom-seed flag with this value.  By default, it is set to
140                 NetBSD-(majorversion).  Using a fixed value causes C++ bina-
141                 ries to be the same when built from the same sources.  Addi-
142                 tional information is available in the GCC documentation of
143                 -frandom-seed.
144
145     DESTDIR     Directory to contain the built NetBSD system.  If set, spe-
146                 cial options are passed to the compilation tools to prevent
147                 their default use of the host system's /usr/include,
148                 /usr/lib, and so forth.  This pathname must be an absolute
149                 path, and should not end with a slash (/) character.  (For
150                 installation into the system's root directory, set DESTDIR to
151                 an empty string, not to ``/'').  The directory must reside on
152                 a file system which supports long file names and hard links.
153
154                 Default: Empty string if USETOOLS is ``yes''; unset other-
155                 wise.
156
157                 Note: build.sh will provide a default of destdir.MACHINE (in
158                 the top-level .OBJDIR) unless run in `expert' mode.
159
160     MAKECONF    The name of the make(1) configuration file.  Only settable in
161                 the process environment.
162
163                 Default: ``/etc/mk.conf''
164
165     MAKEVERBOSE
166                 Level of verbosity of status messages.  Supported values:
167
168                 0    No descriptive messages or commands executed by make(1)
169                      are shown.
170
171                 1    Brief messages are shown describing what is being done,
172                      but the actual commands executed by make(1) are not dis-
173                      played.
174
175                 2    Descriptive messages are shown as above (prefixed with a
176                      `#'), and ordinary commands performed by make(1) are
177                      displayed.
178
179                 3    In addition to the above, all commands performed by
180                      make(1) are displayed, even if they would ordinarily
181                      have been hidden through use of the ``@'' prefix in the
182                      relevant makefile.
183
184                 4    In addition to the above, commands executed by make(1)
185                      are traced through use of the sh(1) ``-x'' flag.
186
187                 Default: 2
188
189     MKCATPAGES  Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether prefor-
190                 matted plaintext manual pages will be created during a build.
191
192                 Default: ``yes''
193
194     MKCRYPTO    Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether crypto-
195                 graphic code will be included in a build; provided for the
196                 benefit of countries that do not allow strong cryptography.
197                 Will not affect use of the standard low-security password
198                 encryption system, crypt(3).
199
200                 Default: ``yes''
201
202     MKDOC       Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether system
203                 documentation destined for DESTDIR/usr/share/doc will be
204                 installed during a build.
205
206                 Default: ``yes''
207
208     MKHTML      Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether prefor-
209                 matted HTML manual pages will be built and installed
210
211                 Default: ``yes''
212
213     MKHOSTOBJ   Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  If set to ``yes'', then for
214                 programs intended to be run on the compile host, the name,
215                 release, and architecture of the host operating system will
216                 be suffixed to the name of the object directory created by
217                 ``make obj''.  (This allows multiple host systems to compile
218                 NetBSD for a single target.)  If set to ``no'', then programs
219                 built to be run on the compile host will use the same object
220                 directory names as programs built to be run on the target.
221
222                 Default: ``no''
223
224     MKINFO      Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether GNU Info
225                 files, used for the documentation for most of the compilation
226                 tools, will be created and installed during a build.
227
228                 Default: ``yes''
229
230     MKLINT      Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether lint(1)
231                 will be run against portions of the NetBSD source code during
232                 the build, and whether lint libraries will be installed into
233                 DESTDIR/usr/libdata/lint.
234
235                 Default: ``yes''
236
237     MKMAN       Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether manual
238                 pages will be installed during a build.
239
240                 Default: ``yes''
241
242     MKNLS       Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether Native
243                 Language System locale zone files will be compiled and
244                 installed during a build.
245
246                 Default: ``yes''
247
248     MKOBJ       Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether object
249                 directories will be created when running ``make obj''.  If
250                 set to ``no'', then all built files will be located inside
251                 the regular source tree.
252
253                 Default: ``yes''
254
255                 Note that setting MKOBJ to ``no'' is not recommended and may
256                 cause problems when updating the tree with cvs(1).
257
258     MKPIC       Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether shared
259                 objects and libraries will be created and installed during a
260                 build.  If set to ``no'', the entire built system will be
261                 statically linked.
262
263                 Default: Platform dependent.  As of this writing, all plat-
264                 forms except sh3 default to ``yes''.
265
266     MKPICINSTALL
267                 Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether the ar(1)
268                 format libraries (lib*_pic.a), used to generate shared
269                 libraries, are installed during a build.
270
271                 Default: ``yes''
272
273     MKPROFILE   Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether profiled
274                 libraries (lib*_p.a) will be built and installed during a
275                 build.
276
277                 Default: ``yes''; however, some platforms turn off MKPROFILE
278                 by default at times due to toolchain problems with profiled
279                 code.
280
281     MKSHARE     Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether files
282                 destined to reside in DESTDIR/usr/share will be built and
283                 installed during a build.  If set to ``no'', then all of
284                 MKCATPAGES, MKDOC, MKINFO, MKMAN, and MKNLS will be set to
285                 ``no'' unconditionally.
286
287                 Default: ``yes''
288
289     MKSTRIPIDENT
290                 Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether program
291                 binaries and shared libraries should be built to include RCS
292                 IDs for use with ident(1).
293
294                 Default: ``no''
295
296     MKTTINTERP  Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  For X builds, decides if
297                 the TrueType bytecode interpreter is turned on.  See
298                 http://www.freetype.org/patents.html for details.
299
300                 Default: ``no''
301
302     MKUNPRIVED  Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether an
303                 unprivileged install will occur.  The user, group, permis-
304                 sions, and file flags, will not be set on the installed
305                 items; instead the information will be appended to a file
306                 called METALOG in DESTDIR.  The contents of METALOG are used
307                 during the generation of the distribution tar files to ensure
308                 that the appropriate file ownership is stored.
309
310                 Default: ``no''
311
312     MKUPDATE    Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether all
313                 install operations intended to write to DESTDIR will compare
314                 file timestamps before installing, and skip the install phase
315                 if the destination files are up-to-date.  This also has
316                 implications on full builds (see next subsection).
317
318                 Default: ``no''
319
320     MKX11       Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether X11 is
321                 built from X11SRCDIR.
322
323                 Default: ``no''
324
325     TOOLDIR     Directory to hold the host tools, once built.  If specified,
326                 must be an absolute path.  This directory should be unique to
327                 a given host system and NetBSD source tree.  (However, multi-
328                 ple targets may share the same TOOLDIR; the target-dependent
329                 files have unique names.)  If unset, a default based on the
330                 uname(1) information of the host platform will be created in
331                 the .OBJDIR of src.
332
333                 Default: Unset.
334
335     USETOOLS    Indicates whether the tools specified by TOOLDIR should be
336                 used as part of a build in progress.  Must be set to ``yes''
337                 if cross-compiling.
338
339                 yes    Use the tools from TOOLDIR.
340
341                 no     Do not use the tools from TOOLDIR, but refuse to build
342                        native compilation tool components that are version-
343                        specific for that tool.
344
345                 never  Do not use the tools from TOOLDIR, even when building
346                        native tool components.  This is similar to the tradi-
347                        tional NetBSD build method, but does not verify that
348                        the compilation tools in use are up-to-date enough in
349                        order to build the tree successfully.  This may cause
350                        build or runtime problems when building the whole
351                        NetBSD source tree.
352
353                 Default: ``yes'', unless TOOLCHAIN_MISSING is set to ``yes''.
354
355                 USETOOLS is also set to ``no'' when using <bsd.*.mk> outside
356                 the NetBSD source tree.
357
358     X11SRCDIR   Directory containing the X11R6 source.  If specified, must be
359                 an absolute path.  The main X11R6 source is found in
360                 X11SRCDIR/xfree/xc.
361
362                 Default: ``/usr/xsrc''
363
364     X11FLAVOUR  The style of X11 cross-built, set to either ``Xorg'' or
365                 ``XFree86''.
366
367                 Default: ``Xorg'' on amd64, i386, macppc, shark, sparc and
368                 sparc64 platforms, ``XFree86'' on everything else.
369
370   "make" variables for full builds
371     These variables only affect the top level ``Makefile'' and do not affect
372     manually building subtrees of the NetBSD source code.
373
374     INSTALLWORLDDIR  Location for the ``make installworld'' target to install
375                      to.  If specified, must be an absolute path.
376
377                      Default: ``/''
378
379     MKOBJDIRS        Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether
380                      object directories will be created automatically (via a
381                      ``make obj'' pass) at the start of a build.
382
383                      Default: ``no''
384
385                      If using build.sh, the default is ``yes''.  This may be
386                      set back to ``no'' by giving build.sh the -o option.
387
388     MKUPDATE         Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  If set, then in addi-
389                      tion to the effects described for MKUPDATE=yes above,
390                      this implies the effects of NOCLEANDIR (i.e., ``make
391                      cleandir'' is avoided).
392
393                      Default: ``no''
394
395                      If using build.sh, this may be set by giving the -u
396                      option.
397
398     NBUILDJOBS       Now obsolete.  Use the make(1) option -j, instead.  See
399                      below.
400
401                      Default: Unset.
402
403     NOCLEANDIR       If set, avoids the ``make cleandir'' phase of a full
404                      build.  This has the effect of allowing only changed
405                      files in a source tree to be recompiled.  This can speed
406                      up builds when updating only a few files in the tree.
407
408                      Default: Unset.
409
410                      See also MKUPDATE.
411
412     NODISTRIBDIRS    If set, avoids the ``make distrib-dirs'' phase of a full
413                      build.  This skips running mtree(8) on DESTDIR, useful
414                      on systems where building as an unprivileged user, or
415                      where it is known that the system-wide mtree files have
416                      not changed.
417
418                      Default: Unset.
419
420     NOINCLUDES       If set, avoids the ``make includes'' phase of a full
421                      build.  This has the effect of preventing make(1) from
422                      thinking that some programs are out-of-date simply
423                      because the system include files have changed.  However,
424                      this option should not be used when updating the entire
425                      NetBSD source tree arbitrarily; it is suggested to use
426                      MKUPDATE=yes instead in that case.
427
428                      Default: Unset.
429
430     RELEASEDIR       If set, specifies the directory to which a release(7)
431                      layout will be written at the end of a ``make release''.
432                      If specified, must be an absolute path.
433
434                      Default: Unset.
435
436                      Note: build.sh will provide a default of releasedir (in
437                      the top-level .OBJDIR) unless run in `expert' mode.
438
439BUILDING
440   "make" command line options
441     This is not a summary of all the options available to make(1); only the
442     options used most frequently with NetBSD builds are listed here.
443
444     -j njob    Run up to njob make(1) subjobs in parallel.  Makefiles should
445                use .WAIT or have explicit dependencies as necessary to
446                enforce build ordering.
447
448     -m dir     Specify the default directory for searching for system Make-
449                file segments, mainly the <bsd.*.mk> files.  When building any
450                full NetBSD source tree, this should be set to the
451                ``share/mk'' directory in the source tree.  This is set auto-
452                matically when building from the top level, or when using
453                build.sh.
454
455     -n         Display the commands that would have been executed, but do not
456                actually execute them.  This will still cause recursion to
457                take place.
458
459     -V var     Print make(1)'s idea of the value of var.  Does not build any
460                targets.
461
462     var=value  Set the variable var to value, overriding any setting speci-
463                fied by the process environment, the MAKECONF configuration
464                file, or the system Makefile segments.
465
466   "make" targets
467     These default targets may be built by running make(1) in any subtree of
468     the NetBSD source code.  It is recommended that none of these be used
469     from the top level Makefile; as a specific exception, ``make obj'' and
470     ``make cleandir'' are useful in that context.
471
472     all        Build programs, libraries, and preformatted documentation.
473
474     clean      Remove program and library object code files.
475
476     cleandir   Same as clean, but also remove preformatted documentation,
477                dependency files generated by ``make depend'', and any other
478                files known to be created at build time.
479
480     depend     Create dependency files (.depend) containing more detailed
481                information about the dependencies of source code on header
482                files.  Allows programs to be recompiled automatically when a
483                dependency changes.
484
485     dependall  Does a ``make depend'' immediately followed by a ``make all''.
486                This improves cache locality of the build since both passes
487                read the source files in their entirety.
488
489     distclean  Synonym for cleandir.
490
491     includes   Build and install system header files.  Typically needed
492                before any system libraries or programs can be built.
493
494     install    Install programs, libraries, and documentation into DESTDIR.
495                Few files will be installed to DESTDIR/dev, DESTDIR/etc,
496                DESTDIR/root or DESTDIR/var in order to prevent user supplied
497                configuration data from being overwritten.
498
499     lint       Run lint(1) against the C source code, where appropriate, and
500                generate system-installed lint libraries.
501
502     obj        Create object directories to be used for built files, instead
503                of building directly in the source tree.
504
505     tags       Create ctags(1) searchable function lists usable by the ex(1)
506                and vi(1) text editors.
507
508   "make" targets for the top level
509     Additional make(1) targets are usable specifically from the top source
510     level to facilitate building the entire NetBSD source tree.
511
512     build         Build the entire NetBSD system (except the kernel).  This
513                   orders portions of the source tree such that prerequisites
514                   will be built in the proper order.
515
516     distribution  Do a ``make build'', and then install a full distribution
517                   (which does not include a kernel) into DESTDIR, including
518                   files in DESTDIR/dev, DESTDIR/etc, DESTDIR/root and
519                   DESTDIR/var.
520
521     buildworld    As per ``make distribution'', except that it ensures that
522                   DESTDIR is not the root directory.
523
524     installworld  Install the distribution from DESTDIR to INSTALLWORLDDIR,
525                   which defaults to the root directory.  Ensures that
526                   INSTALLWORLDDIR is not the root directory if cross compil-
527                   ing.
528
529                   The INSTALLSETS environment variable may be set to a list
530                   of distribution sets to be installed.  By default, all sets
531                   except ``etc'' and ``xetc'' are installed, so most files in
532                   INSTALLWORLDDIR/etc will not be installed or modified.
533
534                   Note: Before performing this operation with
535                   INSTALLWORLDDIR=/, it is highly recommended that you
536                   upgrade your kernel and reboot.  After performing this
537                   operation, it is recommended that you use etcupdate(8) to
538                   update files in INSTALLWORLDDIR/etc and that you use
539                   postinstall(8) to check for inconsistencies (and possibly
540                   to fix them).
541
542     sets          Create distribution sets from DESTDIR into
543                   RELEASEDIR/RELEASEMACHINEDIR/binary/sets.  Should be run
544                   after ``make distribution'', as ``make build'' alone does
545                   not install all of the required files.
546
547     sourcesets    Create source sets of the source tree into
548                   RELEASEDIR/source/sets.
549
550     syspkgs       Create syspkgs from DESTDIR into
551                   RELEASEDIR/RELEASEMACHINEDIR/binary/syspkgs.  Should be run
552                   after ``make distribution'', as ``make build'' alone does
553                   not install all of the required files.
554
555     release       Do a ``make distribution'', build kernels, distribution
556                   media, and install sets (this as per ``make sets''), and
557                   then package the system into a standard release layout as
558                   described by release(7).  This requires that RELEASEDIR be
559                   set (see above).
560
561     iso-image     Create a NetBSD installation CD-ROM image in the
562                   RELEASEDIR/iso directory.  The CD-ROM file system will have
563                   a layout as described in release(7).
564
565                   For most machine types, the CD-ROM will be bootable, and
566                   will automatically run the sysinst(8) menu-based installa-
567                   tion program, which can be used to install or upgrade a
568                   NetBSD system.  Bootable CD-ROMs also contain tools that
569                   may be useful in repairing a damaged NetBSD installation.
570
571                   Before ``make iso-image'' is attempted, RELEASEDIR must be
572                   populated by ``make release'' or equivalent.
573
574                   Note that other, smaller, CD-ROM images may be created in
575                   the RELEASEDIR/RELEASEMACHINEDIR/installation/cdrom direc-
576                   tory by ``make release''.  These smaller images usually
577                   contain the same tools as the larger images in
578                   RELEASEDIR/iso, but do not contain additional content such
579                   as the distribution sets.
580
581                   Note that the mac68k port still uses an older method of
582                   creating CD-ROM images.  This requires the mkisofs(1) util-
583                   ity, which is not part of NetBSD, but which can be
584                   installed from pkgsrc/sysutils/cdrtools.
585
586     iso-image-source
587                   Create a NetBSD installation CD-ROM image in the
588                   RELEASEDIR/iso directory.  The CD-ROM file system will have
589                   a layout as described in release(7).  It will have top
590                   level directories for the machine type and source.
591
592                   For most machine types, the CD-ROM will be bootable, and
593                   will automatically run the sysinst(8) menu-based installa-
594                   tion program, which can be used to install or upgrade a
595                   NetBSD system.  Bootable CD-ROMs also contain tools that
596                   may be useful in repairing a damaged NetBSD installation.
597
598                   Before ``make iso-image-source'' is attempted, RELEASEDIR
599                   must be populated by ``make sourcesets release'' or equiva-
600                   lent.
601
602                   Note that other, smaller, CD-ROM images may be created in
603                   the RELEASEDIR/RELEASEMACHINEDIR/installation/cdrom direc-
604                   tory by ``make release''.  These smaller images usually
605                   contain the same tools as the larger images in
606                   RELEASEDIR/iso, but do not contain additional content such
607                   as the distribution sets.
608
609                   Note that the mac68k port still uses an older method of
610                   creating CD-ROM images.  This requires the mkisofs(1) util-
611                   ity, which is not part of NetBSD, but which can be
612                   installed from pkgsrc/sysutils/cdrtools.
613
614     regression-tests
615                   Can only be run after building the regression tests in the
616                   directory ``regress''.  Runs those compiled regression
617                   tests on the local host.  Note that most tests are now man-
618                   aged instead using atf(7); this target should probably run
619                   those as well but currently does not.
620
621   The "build.sh" script
622     This script file is a Bourne shell script designed to build the entire
623     NetBSD system on any host with a Bourne shell in /bin/sh, including many
624     that are not POSIX compliant.  Note that if a host system's /bin/sh is
625     unusually old and broken, the Korn Shell (/bin/ksh), if available, may be
626     a usable alternative.
627
628     All cross-compile builds, and most native builds, of the entire system
629     should make use of build.sh rather than just running ``make''.  This way,
630     the make(1) program will be bootstrapped properly, in case the host sys-
631     tem has an older or incompatible ``make'' program.
632
633     When compiling the entire system via build.sh, many make(1) variables are
634     set for you in order to help encapsulate the build process.  In the list
635     of options below, variables that are automatically set by build.sh are
636     noted where applicable.
637
638     The following operations are supported by build.sh:
639
640     build         Build the system as per ``make build''.  Before the main
641                   part of the build commences, this command runs the obj
642                   operation (unless the -o option is given), ``make
643                   cleandir'' (unless the -u option is given), and the tools
644                   operation.
645
646     distribution  Build a full distribution as per ``make distribution''.
647                   This command first runs the build operation.
648
649     release       Build a full release as per ``make release''.  This command
650                   first runs the distribution operation.
651
652     makewrapper   Create the nbmake-MACHINE wrapper.  This operation is auto-
653                   matically performed for any of the other operations.
654
655     cleandir      Perform ``make cleandir''.
656
657     obj           Perform ``make obj''.
658
659     tools         Build and install the host tools from src/tools.  This com-
660                   mand will first run ``make obj'' and ``make cleandir'' in
661                   the tools subdirectory unless the -o or -u options (respec-
662                   tively) are given.
663
664     install=idir  Install the contents of DESTDIR to idir, using ``make
665                   installworld''.  Note that files that are part of the
666                   ``etc'' or ``xetc'' sets will not be installed.
667
668     kernel=kconf  Build a new kernel.  The kconf argument is the name of a
669                   configuration file suitable for use by config(1).  If kconf
670                   does not contain any `/' characters, the configuration file
671                   is expected to be found in the KERNCONFDIR directory, which
672                   is typically sys/arch/MACHINE/conf.  The new kernel will be
673                   built in a subdirectory of KERNOBJDIR, which is typically
674                   sys/arch/MACHINE/compile or an associated object directory.
675
676                   This command does not imply the tools command; run the
677                   tools command first unless it is certain that the tools
678                   already exist and are up to date.
679
680                   This command will run ``make cleandir'' on the kernel in
681                   question first unless the -u option is given.
682
683     releasekernel=kconf
684                   Install a gzip(1)ed copy of the kernel previously built by
685                   kernel=kconf into
686                   RELEASEDIR/RELEASEMACHINEDIR/binary/kernel, usually as
687                   netbsd-kconf.gz, although the ``netbsd'' prefix is deter-
688                   mined from the ``config'' directives in kconf.
689
690     sets          Perform ``make sets''.
691
692     sourcesets    Perform ``make sourcesets''.
693
694     syspkgs       Perform ``make syspkgs''.
695
696     iso-image     Perform ``make iso-image''.
697
698     iso-image-source
699                   Perform ``make iso-image-source''.
700
701     The following command line options alter the behaviour of the build.sh
702     operations described above:
703
704     -a arch   Set the value of MACHINE_ARCH to arch.
705
706     -B buildid
707               Set the value of BUILDID to buildid.  This will also append the
708               build identifier to the name of the ``make'' wrapper script so
709               that the resulting name is of the form
710               ``nbmake-MACHINE-BUILDID''.
711
712     -C cdextras
713               Set the value of CDEXTRA to cdextras which is a space-separated
714               list of files or directories which will be added in order to
715               the CD-ROM image when used in conjunction with ``iso-image'' or
716               ``iso-image-source''.  Files will be added to the root of the
717               CD-ROM image, whereas directories will be copied recursively.
718               If relative paths are specified, they will be converted to
719               absolute paths before being used.
720
721     -D dest   Set the value of DESTDIR to dest.  If a relative path is speci-
722               fied, it will be converted to an absolute path before being
723               used.
724
725     -E        Set `expert' mode.  This overrides various sanity checks, and
726               allows: DESTDIR does not have to be set to a non-root path for
727               builds, and MKUNPRIVED=yes does not have to be set when build-
728               ing as a non-root user.
729
730               Note: It is highly recommended that you know what you are doing
731               when you use this option.
732
733     -h        Print a help message.
734
735     -j njob   Run up to njob make(1) subjobs in parallel; passed through to
736               make(1).  If you see failures for reasons other than running
737               out of memory while using build.sh with -j, please save com-
738               plete build logs so the failures can be analyzed.
739
740               To achieve the fastest builds, -j values between (1 + the num-
741               ber of CPUs) and (2 * the number of CPUs) are recommended.  Use
742               lower values on machines with limited memory or I/O bandwidth.
743
744     -M obj    Set MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX to obj.  For instance, if the source
745               directory is /usr/src, a setting of ``-M /usr/obj'' will place
746               build-time files under /usr/obj/usr/src/bin,
747               /usr/obj/usr/src/lib, /usr/obj/usr/src/usr.bin, and so forth.
748               If a relative path is specified, it will be converted to an
749               absolute path before being used.  Unsets MAKEOBJDIR.  See ``-O
750               -obj'' for more information.
751
752     -m mach   Set the value of MACHINE to mach, except in some special cases
753               listed below.  This will also override any value of
754               MACHINE_ARCH in the process environment with a value deduced
755               from mach, unless -a is specified.  All cross builds require
756               -m, but if unset on a NetBSD host, the host's value of MACHINE
757               will be detected and used automatically.
758
759               Some machines support multiple values for MACHINE_ARCH.  The
760               following special cases for the mach argument are defined to
761               set the listed values of MACHINE and MACHINE_ARCH:
762
763                     mach          MACHINE    MACHINE_ARCH
764                     evbarm        evbarm     (not set)
765                     evbarm-eb     evbarm     armeb
766                     evbarm-el     evbarm     arm
767                     evbmips       evbmips    (not set)
768                     evbmips-eb    evbmips    mipseb
769                     evbmips-el    evbmips    mipsel
770                     evbsh3        evbsh3     (not set)
771                     evbsh3-eb     evbsh3     sh3eb
772                     evbsh3-el     evbsh3     sh3el
773                     sbmips        sbmips     (not set)
774                     sbmips-eb     sbmips     mipseb
775                     sbmips-el     sbmips     mipsel
776
777     -N noiselevel
778               Set the ``noisyness'' level of the build, by setting
779               MAKEVERBOSE to noiselevel.
780
781     -n        Show the commands that would be executed by build.sh, but do
782               not make any changes.  This is similar in concept to ``make
783               -n''.
784
785     -O obj    Create an appropriate transform macro for MAKEOBJDIR that will
786               place the built object files under obj.  For instance, a set-
787               ting of ``-O /usr/obj'' will place build-time files under
788               /usr/obj/bin, /usr/obj/lib, /usr/obj/usr.bin, and so forth.  If
789               a relative path is specified, it will be converted to an abso-
790               lute path before being used.  Unsets MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX.
791
792               In normal use, exactly one of the -M or -O options should be
793               specified.  If neither -M nor -O is specified, then a default
794               object directory will be chosen according to rules in
795               <bsd.obj.mk>.  Relying on this default is not recommended
796               because it is determined by complex rules that are influenced
797               by the values of several variables and by the location of the
798               source directory.
799
800     -o        Set the value of MKOBJDIRS to ``no''.  Otherwise, it will be
801               automatically set to ``yes''.  This default is opposite to the
802               behaviour when not using build.sh.
803
804     -R rel    Set the value of RELEASEDIR to rel.  If a relative path is
805               specified, it will be converted to an absolute path before
806               being used.
807
808     -r        Remove the contents of DESTDIR and TOOLDIR before building
809               (provides a clean starting point).  This will skip deleting
810               DESTDIR if building on a native system to the root directory.
811
812     -S seed   Change the value of BUILDSEED to seed.  This should rarely be
813               necessary.
814
815     -T tools  Set the value of TOOLDIR to tools.  If a relative path is spec-
816               ified, it will be converted to an absolute path before being
817               used.  If set, the bootstrap ``make'' will only be rebuilt if
818               the source files for make(1) have changed.
819
820     -U        Set MKUNPRIVED=yes.
821
822     -u        Set MKUPDATE=yes.
823
824     -V var=[value]
825               Set the environment variable var to an optional value.  This is
826               propagated to the nbmake wrapper.
827
828     -w wrapper
829               Create the nbmake wrapper script (see below) in a custom loca-
830               tion, specified by wrapper.  This allows, for instance, to
831               place the wrapper in PATH automatically.  Note that wrapper is
832               the full name of the file, not just a directory name.  If a
833               relative path is specified, it will be converted to an absolute
834               path before being used.
835
836     -X x11src
837               Set the value of X11SRCDIR to x11src.  If a relative path is
838               specified, it will be converted to an absolute path before
839               being used.
840
841     -x        Set MKX11=yes.
842
843     -Z var    Unset ("zap") the environment variable var.  This is propagated
844               to the nbmake wrapper.
845
846   The "nbmake-MACHINE" wrapper script
847     If using the build.sh script to build NetBSD, a nbmake-MACHINE script
848     will be created in TOOLDIR/bin upon the first build to assist in building
849     subtrees on a cross-compile host.
850
851     nbmake-MACHINE can be invoked in lieu of make(1), and will instead call
852     the up-to-date version of ``nbmake'' installed into TOOLDIR/bin with sev-
853     eral key variables pre-set, including MACHINE, MACHINE_ARCH, and TOOLDIR.
854     nbmake-MACHINE will also set variables specified with -V, and unset vari-
855     ables specified with -Z.
856
857     This script can be symlinked into a directory listed in PATH, or called
858     with an absolute path.
859
860EXAMPLES
861     1.   % ./build.sh [options] tools kernel=GENERIC
862
863          Build a new toolchain, and use the new toolchain to configure and
864          build a new GENERIC kernel.
865
866     2.   % ./build.sh [options] -U distribution
867
868          Using unprivileged mode, build a complete distribution to a DESTDIR
869          directory that build.sh selects (and will display).
870
871     3.   # ./build.sh [options] -U install=/
872
873          As root, install to / the distribution that was built by example 2.
874          Even though this is run as root, -U is required so that the permis-
875          sions stored in DESTDIR/METALOG are correctly applied to the files
876          as they're copied to /.
877
878     4.   % ./build.sh [options] -U -u release
879
880          Using unprivileged mode, build a complete release to DESTDIR and
881          RELEASEDIR directories that build.sh selects (and will display).
882          MKUPDATE=yes (-u) is set to prevent the ``make cleandir'', so that
883          if this is run after example 2, it doesn't need to redo that portion
884          of the release build.
885
886OBSOLETE VARIABLES
887     NBUILDJOBS  Use the make(1) option -j instead.
888
889     USE_NEW_TOOLCHAIN
890                 The new toolchain is now the default.  To disable, use
891                 TOOLCHAIN_MISSING=yes.
892
893SEE ALSO
894     make(1), hier(7), release(7), etcupdate(8), postinstall(8), sysinst(8),
895     pkgsrc/sysutils/cdrtools
896
897HISTORY
898     The build.sh based build scheme was introduced for NetBSD 1.6 as
899     USE_NEW_TOOLCHAIN, and re-worked to TOOLCHAIN_MISSING after that.
900
901NetBSD                        September 10, 2008                        NetBSD
902