BUILDING revision 1.78.2.4
1BUILDING(8)             NetBSD System Manager's Manual             BUILDING(8)
2
3NAME
4     BUILDING -- Procedure for building NetBSD from source code.
5
6REQUIREMENTS
7     NetBSD is designed to be buildable on most POSIX-compliant host systems.
8     The basic build procedure is the same whether compiling natively (on the
9     same NetBSD architecture) or cross compiling (on another architecture or
10     OS).
11
12     This source tree contains a special subtree, ``tools'', which uses the
13     host system to create a build toolchain for the target architecture.  The
14     host system must have at least C and C++ compilers in order to create the
15     toolchain (make is not required); all other tools are created as part of
16     the NetBSD build process.  (See the environment variables section below
17     if you need to override or manually select your compilers.)
18
19FILES
20   Source tree layout
21     doc/BUILDING.mdoc
22                    This document (in -mdoc troff format; the original copy).
23
24     BUILDING       This document (in plaintext).
25
26     tools/compat/README
27                    Special notes for cross-hosting a NetBSD build on non-
28                    NetBSD platforms.
29
30     Makefile       The main Makefile for NetBSD; should only be run for
31                    native builds with an appropriately up-to-date version of
32                    NetBSD make(1).  (For building from out-of-date systems or
33                    on a non-native host, see the build.sh shell script.)
34
35     UPDATING       Special notes for updating from an earlier revision of
36                    NetBSD.  It is important to read this file before every
37                    build of an updated source tree.
38
39     build.sh       Bourne-compatible shell script used for building the host
40                    build tools and the NetBSD system from scratch.  Can be
41                    used for both native and cross builds, and should be used
42                    instead of make(1) for any source tree that is updated and
43                    recompiled regularly.
44
45     crypto/dist/, dist/, gnu/dist/
46                    Sources imported verbatim from third parties, without man-
47                    gling the existing build structure.  Other source trees in
48                    bin through usr.sbin use the NetBSD make(1) ``reachover''
49                    Makefile semantics when building these programs for a
50                    native host.
51
52     distrib/, etc/
53                    Sources for items used when making a full release snap-
54                    shot, such as files installed in DESTDIR/etc on the desti-
55                    nation system, boot media, and release notes.
56
57     tests/, regress/
58                    Regression test harness.  Can be cross-compiled, but only
59                    run natively.  tests/ uses the atf(7) test framework;
60                    regress/ contains older tests that have not yet been
61                    migrated to atf(7).
62
63     sys/           NetBSD kernel sources.
64
65     tools/         ``Reachover'' build structure for the host build tools.
66                    This has a special method of determining out-of-date sta-
67                    tus.
68
69     bin/ ... usr.sbin/
70                    Sources to the NetBSD userland (non-kernel) programs.  If
71                    any of these directories are missing, they will be skipped
72                    during the build.
73
74     x11/           ``Reachover'' build structure for X11R6; the source is in
75                    X11SRCDIR.
76
77   Build tree layout
78     The NetBSD build tree is described in hier(7), and the release layout is
79     described in release(7).
80
81CONFIGURATION
82   Environment variables
83     Several environment variables control the behaviour of NetBSD builds.
84
85     HOST_SH           Path name to a POSIX-compliant shell.  If this is not
86                       set explicitly, then the default is set using heuris-
87                       tics dependent on the host platform, or from the shell
88                       under which build.sh is executed (if that can be deter-
89                       mined), or using the first copy of sh found in PATH.
90                       If the host system's /bin/sh is not POSIX-compliant, we
91                       suggest that you build using commands like
92
93                             HOST_SH=/path/to/working/shell
94                             export HOST_SH
95                             ${HOST_SH} build.sh [options]
96
97     HOST_CC           Path name to C compiler used to create the toolchain.
98
99     HOST_CXX          Path name to C++ compiler used to create the toolchain.
100
101     MACHINE           Machine type, e.g., ``macppc''.
102
103     MACHINE_ARCH      Machine architecture, e.g., ``powerpc''.
104
105     MAKE              Path name to invoke make(1) as.
106
107     MAKEFLAGS         Flags to invoke make(1) with.
108
109     MAKEOBJDIR        Directory to use as the .OBJDIR for the current direc-
110                       tory.  The value is subjected to variable expansion by
111                       make(1).  Typical usage is to set this variable to a
112                       value involving the use of `${.CURDIR:S...}' or
113                       `${.CURDIR:C...}', to derive the value of .OBJDIR from
114                       the value of .CURDIR.  Used only if MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX is
115                       not defined.  MAKEOBJDIR can be provided only in the
116                       environment or via the -O flag of build.sh; it cannot
117                       usefully be set inside a Makefile.
118
119     MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX  Top level directory of the object directory tree.  If
120                       specified, must be an absolute path.  If this is
121                       defined, ${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}/${.CURDIR} is used as the
122                       .OBJDIR for the current directory.  The current direc-
123                       tory may be read only.  MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX can be pro-
124                       vided only in the environment or via the -M flag of
125                       build.sh; it cannot usefully be set inside a Makefile.
126
127   "make" variables
128     Several variables control the behavior of NetBSD builds.  Unless other-
129     wise specified, these variables may be set in either the process environ-
130     ment or the make(1) configuration file specified by MAKECONF.
131
132     BUILDID     Identifier for the build.  The identifier will be appended to
133                 object directory names, and can be consulted in the make(1)
134                 configuration file in order to set additional build parame-
135                 ters, such as compiler flags.
136
137     BUILDSEED   GCC uses random numbers when compiling C++ code.  This vari-
138                 able seeds the gcc random number generator using the -fran-
139                 dom-seed flag with this value.  By default, it is set to
140                 NetBSD-(majorversion).  Using a fixed value causes C++ bina-
141                 ries to be the same when built from the same sources.  Addi-
142                 tional information is available in the GCC documentation of
143                 -frandom-seed.
144
145     DESTDIR     Directory to contain the built NetBSD system.  If set, spe-
146                 cial options are passed to the compilation tools to prevent
147                 their default use of the host system's /usr/include,
148                 /usr/lib, and so forth.  This pathname must be an absolute
149                 path, and should not end with a slash (/) character.  (For
150                 installation into the system's root directory, set DESTDIR to
151                 an empty string, not to ``/'').  The directory must reside on
152                 a file system which supports long file names and hard links.
153
154                 Default: Empty string if USETOOLS is ``yes''; unset other-
155                 wise.
156
157                 Note: build.sh will provide a default of destdir.MACHINE (in
158                 the top-level .OBJDIR) unless run in `expert' mode.
159
160     MAKECONF    The name of the make(1) configuration file.  Only settable in
161                 the process environment.
162
163                 Default: ``/etc/mk.conf''
164
165     MAKEVERBOSE
166                 Level of verbosity of status messages.  Supported values:
167
168                 0    No descriptive messages are shown.
169
170                 1    Descriptive messages are shown.
171
172                 2    Descriptive messages (prefixed with a `#') and command
173                      output is not suppressed.
174
175                 Default: 2
176
177     MKCATPAGES  Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether prefor-
178                 matted plaintext manual pages will be created during a build.
179
180                 Default: ``yes''
181
182     MKCRYPTO    Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether crypto-
183                 graphic code will be included in a build; provided for the
184                 benefit of countries that do not allow strong cryptography.
185                 Will not affect use of the standard low-security password
186                 encryption system, crypt(3).
187
188                 Default: ``yes''
189
190     MKDOC       Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether system
191                 documentation destined for DESTDIR/usr/share/doc will be
192                 installed during a build.
193
194                 Default: ``yes''
195
196     MKHTML      Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether prefor-
197                 matted HTML manual pages will be built and installed
198
199                 Default: ``yes''
200
201     MKHOSTOBJ   Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  If set to ``yes'', then for
202                 programs intended to be run on the compile host, the name,
203                 release, and architecture of the host operating system will
204                 be suffixed to the name of the object directory created by
205                 ``make obj''.  (This allows multiple host systems to compile
206                 NetBSD for a single target.)  If set to ``no'', then programs
207                 built to be run on the compile host will use the same object
208                 directory names as programs built to be run on the target.
209
210                 Default: ``no''
211
212     MKINFO      Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether GNU Info
213                 files, used for the documentation for most of the compilation
214                 tools, will be created and installed during a build.
215
216                 Default: ``yes''
217
218     MKLINT      Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether lint(1)
219                 will be run against portions of the NetBSD source code during
220                 the build, and whether lint libraries will be installed into
221                 DESTDIR/usr/libdata/lint.
222
223                 Default: ``yes''
224
225     MKMAN       Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether manual
226                 pages will be installed during a build.
227
228                 Default: ``yes''
229
230     MKNLS       Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether Native
231                 Language System locale zone files will be compiled and
232                 installed during a build.
233
234                 Default: ``yes''
235
236     MKOBJ       Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether object
237                 directories will be created when running ``make obj''.  If
238                 set to ``no'', then all built files will be located inside
239                 the regular source tree.
240
241                 Default: ``yes''
242
243                 Note that setting MKOBJ to ``no'' is not recommended and may
244                 cause problems when updating the tree with cvs(1).
245
246     MKPIC       Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether shared
247                 objects and libraries will be created and installed during a
248                 build.  If set to ``no'', the entire built system will be
249                 statically linked.
250
251                 Default: Platform dependent.  As of this writing, all plat-
252                 forms except sh3 default to ``yes''.
253
254     MKPICINSTALL
255                 Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether the ar(1)
256                 format libraries (lib*_pic.a), used to generate shared
257                 libraries, are installed during a build.
258
259                 Default: ``yes''
260
261     MKPROFILE   Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether profiled
262                 libraries (lib*_p.a) will be built and installed during a
263                 build.
264
265                 Default: ``yes''; however, some platforms turn off MKPROFILE
266                 by default at times due to toolchain problems with profiled
267                 code.
268
269     MKSHARE     Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether files
270                 destined to reside in DESTDIR/usr/share will be built and
271                 installed during a build.  If set to ``no'', then all of
272                 MKCATPAGES, MKDOC, MKINFO, MKMAN, and MKNLS will be set to
273                 ``no'' unconditionally.
274
275                 Default: ``yes''
276
277     MKSTRIPIDENT
278                 Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether program
279                 binaries and shared libraries should be built to include RCS
280                 IDs for use with ident(1).
281
282                 Default: ``no''
283
284     MKSUBPIXEL  Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  For X builds, decides if
285                 subpixel rendering code in FreeType is turned on.  Turned off
286                 by default because of patent issues.
287
288                 Default: ``no''
289
290     MKTTINTERP  Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  For X builds, decides if
291                 the TrueType bytecode interpreter is turned on.  See
292                 http://www.freetype.org/patents.html for details.
293
294                 Default: ``no''
295
296     MKUNPRIVED  Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether an
297                 unprivileged install will occur.  The user, group, permis-
298                 sions, and file flags, will not be set on the installed
299                 items; instead the information will be appended to a file
300                 called METALOG in DESTDIR.  The contents of METALOG are used
301                 during the generation of the distribution tar files to ensure
302                 that the appropriate file ownership is stored.
303
304                 Default: ``no''
305
306     MKUPDATE    Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether all
307                 install operations intended to write to DESTDIR will compare
308                 file timestamps before installing, and skip the install phase
309                 if the destination files are up-to-date.  This also has
310                 implications on full builds (see next subsection).
311
312                 Default: ``no''
313
314     MKX11       Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether X11 is
315                 built from X11SRCDIR.
316
317                 Default: ``no''
318
319     TOOLDIR     Directory to hold the host tools, once built.  If specified,
320                 must be an absolute path.  This directory should be unique to
321                 a given host system and NetBSD source tree.  (However, multi-
322                 ple targets may share the same TOOLDIR; the target-dependent
323                 files have unique names.)  If unset, a default based on the
324                 uname(1) information of the host platform will be created in
325                 the .OBJDIR of src.
326
327                 Default: Unset.
328
329     USETOOLS    Indicates whether the tools specified by TOOLDIR should be
330                 used as part of a build in progress.  Must be set to ``yes''
331                 if cross-compiling.
332
333                 yes    Use the tools from TOOLDIR.
334
335                 no     Do not use the tools from TOOLDIR, but refuse to build
336                        native compilation tool components that are version-
337                        specific for that tool.
338
339                 never  Do not use the tools from TOOLDIR, even when building
340                        native tool components.  This is similar to the tradi-
341                        tional NetBSD build method, but does not verify that
342                        the compilation tools in use are up-to-date enough in
343                        order to build the tree successfully.  This may cause
344                        build or runtime problems when building the whole
345                        NetBSD source tree.
346
347                 Default: ``yes'', unless TOOLCHAIN_MISSING is set to ``yes''.
348
349                 USETOOLS is also set to ``no'' when using <bsd.*.mk> outside
350                 the NetBSD source tree.
351
352     X11SRCDIR   Directory containing the X11R6 source.  If specified, must be
353                 an absolute path.  The main X11R6 source is found in
354                 X11SRCDIR/xfree/xc.
355
356                 Default: ``/usr/xsrc''
357
358     X11FLAVOUR  The style of X11 cross-built, set to either ``Xorg'' or
359                 ``XFree86''.
360
361                 Default: ``Xorg'' on amd64, i386, macppc, shark and sparc64
362                 platforms, ``XFree86'' on everything else.
363
364   "make" variables for full builds
365     These variables only affect the top level ``Makefile'' and do not affect
366     manually building subtrees of the NetBSD source code.
367
368     INSTALLWORLDDIR  Location for the ``make installworld'' target to install
369                      to.  If specified, must be an absolute path.
370
371                      Default: ``/''
372
373     MKOBJDIRS        Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether
374                      object directories will be created automatically (via a
375                      ``make obj'' pass) at the start of a build.
376
377                      Default: ``no''
378
379                      If using build.sh, the default is ``yes''.  This may be
380                      set back to ``no'' by giving build.sh the -o option.
381
382     MKUPDATE         Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  If set, then in addi-
383                      tion to the effects described for MKUPDATE=yes above,
384                      this implies the effects of NOCLEANDIR (i.e., ``make
385                      cleandir'' is avoided).
386
387                      Default: ``no''
388
389                      If using build.sh, this may be set by giving the -u
390                      option.
391
392     NBUILDJOBS       Now obsolete.  Use the make(1) option -j, instead.  See
393                      below.
394
395                      Default: Unset.
396
397     NOCLEANDIR       If set, avoids the ``make cleandir'' phase of a full
398                      build.  This has the effect of allowing only changed
399                      files in a source tree to be recompiled.  This can speed
400                      up builds when updating only a few files in the tree.
401
402                      Default: Unset.
403
404                      See also MKUPDATE.
405
406     NODISTRIBDIRS    If set, avoids the ``make distrib-dirs'' phase of a full
407                      build.  This skips running mtree(8) on DESTDIR, useful
408                      on systems where building as an unprivileged user, or
409                      where it is known that the system-wide mtree files have
410                      not changed.
411
412                      Default: Unset.
413
414     NOINCLUDES       If set, avoids the ``make includes'' phase of a full
415                      build.  This has the effect of preventing make(1) from
416                      thinking that some programs are out-of-date simply
417                      because the system include files have changed.  However,
418                      this option should not be used when updating the entire
419                      NetBSD source tree arbitrarily; it is suggested to use
420                      MKUPDATE=yes instead in that case.
421
422                      Default: Unset.
423
424     RELEASEDIR       If set, specifies the directory to which a release(7)
425                      layout will be written at the end of a ``make release''.
426                      If specified, must be an absolute path.
427
428                      Default: Unset.
429
430                      Note: build.sh will provide a default of releasedir (in
431                      the top-level .OBJDIR) unless run in `expert' mode.
432
433BUILDING
434   "make" command line options
435     This is not a summary of all the options available to make(1); only the
436     options used most frequently with NetBSD builds are listed here.
437
438     -j njob    Run up to njob make(1) subjobs in parallel.  Makefiles should
439                use .WAIT or have explicit dependencies as necessary to
440                enforce build ordering.
441
442     -m dir     Specify the default directory for searching for system Make-
443                file segments, mainly the <bsd.*.mk> files.  When building any
444                full NetBSD source tree, this should be set to the
445                ``share/mk'' directory in the source tree.  This is set auto-
446                matically when building from the top level, or when using
447                build.sh.
448
449     -n         Display the commands that would have been executed, but do not
450                actually execute them.  This will still cause recursion to
451                take place.
452
453     -V var     Print make(1)'s idea of the value of var.  Does not build any
454                targets.
455
456     var=value  Set the variable var to value, overriding any setting speci-
457                fied by the process environment, the MAKECONF configuration
458                file, or the system Makefile segments.
459
460   "make" targets
461     These default targets may be built by running make(1) in any subtree of
462     the NetBSD source code.  It is recommended that none of these be used
463     from the top level Makefile; as a specific exception, ``make obj'' and
464     ``make cleandir'' are useful in that context.
465
466     all        Build programs, libraries, and preformatted documentation.
467
468     clean      Remove program and library object code files.
469
470     cleandir   Same as clean, but also remove preformatted documentation,
471                dependency files generated by ``make depend'', and any other
472                files known to be created at build time.
473
474     depend     Create dependency files (.depend) containing more detailed
475                information about the dependencies of source code on header
476                files.  Allows programs to be recompiled automatically when a
477                dependency changes.
478
479     dependall  Does a ``make depend'' immediately followed by a ``make all''.
480                This improves cache locality of the build since both passes
481                read the source files in their entirety.
482
483     distclean  Synonym for cleandir.
484
485     includes   Build and install system header files.  Typically needed
486                before any system libraries or programs can be built.
487
488     install    Install programs, libraries, and documentation into DESTDIR.
489                Few files will be installed to DESTDIR/dev, DESTDIR/etc,
490                DESTDIR/root or DESTDIR/var in order to prevent user supplied
491                configuration data from being overwritten.
492
493     lint       Run lint(1) against the C source code, where appropriate, and
494                generate system-installed lint libraries.
495
496     obj        Create object directories to be used for built files, instead
497                of building directly in the source tree.
498
499     tags       Create ctags(1) searchable function lists usable by the ex(1)
500                and vi(1) text editors.
501
502   "make" targets for the top level
503     Additional make(1) targets are usable specifically from the top source
504     level to facilitate building the entire NetBSD source tree.
505
506     build         Build the entire NetBSD system (except the kernel).  This
507                   orders portions of the source tree such that prerequisites
508                   will be built in the proper order.
509
510     distribution  Do a ``make build'', and then install a full distribution
511                   (which does not include a kernel) into DESTDIR, including
512                   files in DESTDIR/dev, DESTDIR/etc, DESTDIR/root and
513                   DESTDIR/var.
514
515     buildworld    As per ``make distribution'', except that it ensures that
516                   DESTDIR is not the root directory.
517
518     installworld  Install the distribution from DESTDIR to INSTALLWORLDDIR,
519                   which defaults to the root directory.  Ensures that
520                   INSTALLWORLDDIR is not the root directory if cross compil-
521                   ing.
522
523                   The INSTALLSETS environment variable may be set to a list
524                   of distribution sets to be installed, separated by spaces.
525                   By default, all sets except ``etc'' and ``xetc'' are
526                   extracted, so most files in INSTALLWORLDDIR/etc will not
527                   be installed or modified.
528
529                   Note: Before performing this operation with
530                   INSTALLWORLDDIR=/, it is highly recommended that you
531                   upgrade your kernel and reboot.  After performing this
532                   operation, it is recommended that you use etcupdate(8) to
533                   update files in INSTALLWORLDDIR/etc and that you use
534                   postinstall(8) to check for inconsistencies (and possibly
535                   to fix them).
536
537     sets          Create distribution sets from DESTDIR into
538                   RELEASEDIR/RELEASEMACHINEDIR/binary/sets.  Should be run
539                   after ``make distribution'', as ``make build'' alone does
540                   not install all of the required files.
541
542     sourcesets    Create source sets of the source tree into
543                   RELEASEDIR/source/sets.
544
545     syspkgs       Create syspkgs from DESTDIR into
546                   RELEASEDIR/RELEASEMACHINEDIR/binary/syspkgs.  Should be run
547                   after ``make distribution'', as ``make build'' alone does
548                   not install all of the required files.
549
550     release       Do a ``make distribution'', build kernels, distribution
551                   media, and install sets (this as per ``make sets''), and
552                   then package the system into a standard release layout as
553                   described by release(7).  This requires that RELEASEDIR be
554                   set (see above).
555
556     iso-image     Create a NetBSD installation CD-ROM image in the
557                   RELEASEDIR/iso directory.  The CD-ROM file system will have
558                   a layout as described in release(7).
559
560                   For most machine types, the CD-ROM will be bootable, and
561                   will automatically run the sysinst(8) menu-based installa-
562                   tion program, which can be used to install or upgrade a
563                   NetBSD system.  Bootable CD-ROMs also contain tools that
564                   may be useful in repairing a damaged NetBSD installation.
565
566                   Before ``make iso-image'' is attempted, RELEASEDIR must be
567                   populated by ``make release'' or equivalent.
568
569                   Note that other, smaller, CD-ROM images may be created in
570                   the RELEASEDIR/RELEASEMACHINEDIR/installation/cdrom direc-
571                   tory by ``make release''.  These smaller images usually
572                   contain the same tools as the larger images in
573                   RELEASEDIR/iso, but do not contain additional content such
574                   as the distribution sets.
575
576                   Note that the mac68k port still uses an older method of
577                   creating CD-ROM images.  This requires the mkisofs(1) util-
578                   ity, which is not part of NetBSD, but which can be
579                   installed from pkgsrc/sysutils/cdrtools.
580
581     iso-image-source
582                   Create a NetBSD installation CD-ROM image in the
583                   RELEASEDIR/iso directory.  The CD-ROM file system will have
584                   a layout as described in release(7).  It will have top
585                   level directories for the machine type and source.
586
587                   For most machine types, the CD-ROM will be bootable, and
588                   will automatically run the sysinst(8) menu-based installa-
589                   tion program, which can be used to install or upgrade a
590                   NetBSD system.  Bootable CD-ROMs also contain tools that
591                   may be useful in repairing a damaged NetBSD installation.
592
593                   Before ``make iso-image-source'' is attempted, RELEASEDIR
594                   must be populated by ``make sourcesets release'' or equiva-
595                   lent.
596
597                   Note that other, smaller, CD-ROM images may be created in
598                   the RELEASEDIR/RELEASEMACHINEDIR/installation/cdrom direc-
599                   tory by ``make release''.  These smaller images usually
600                   contain the same tools as the larger images in
601                   RELEASEDIR/iso, but do not contain additional content such
602                   as the distribution sets.
603
604                   Note that the mac68k port still uses an older method of
605                   creating CD-ROM images.  This requires the mkisofs(1) util-
606                   ity, which is not part of NetBSD, but which can be
607                   installed from pkgsrc/sysutils/cdrtools.
608
609     regression-tests
610                   Can only be run after building the regression tests in the
611                   directory ``regress''.  Runs those compiled regression
612                   tests on the local host.  Note that most tests are now man-
613                   aged instead using atf(7); this target should probably run
614                   those as well but currently does not.
615
616   The "build.sh" script
617     This script file is a Bourne shell script designed to build the entire
618     NetBSD system on any host with a Bourne shell in /bin/sh, including many
619     that are not POSIX compliant.  Note that if a host system's /bin/sh is
620     unusually old and broken, the Korn Shell (/bin/ksh), if available, may be
621     a usable alternative.
622
623     All cross-compile builds, and most native builds, of the entire system
624     should make use of build.sh rather than just running ``make''.  This way,
625     the make(1) program will be bootstrapped properly, in case the host sys-
626     tem has an older or incompatible ``make'' program.
627
628     When compiling the entire system via build.sh, many make(1) variables are
629     set for you in order to help encapsulate the build process.  In the list
630     of options below, variables that are automatically set by build.sh are
631     noted where applicable.
632
633     The following operations are supported by build.sh:
634
635     build         Build the system as per ``make build''.  Before the main
636                   part of the build commences, this command runs the obj
637                   operation (unless the -o option is given), ``make
638                   cleandir'' (unless the -u option is given), and the tools
639                   operation.
640
641     distribution  Build a full distribution as per ``make distribution''.
642                   This command first runs the build operation.
643
644     release       Build a full release as per ``make release''.  This command
645                   first runs the distribution operation.
646
647     makewrapper   Create the nbmake-MACHINE wrapper.  This operation is auto-
648                   matically performed for any of the other operations.
649
650     cleandir      Perform ``make cleandir''.
651
652     obj           Perform ``make obj''.
653
654     tools         Build and install the host tools from src/tools.  This com-
655                   mand will first run ``make obj'' and ``make cleandir'' in
656                   the tools subdirectory unless the -o or -u options (respec-
657                   tively) are given.
658
659     install=idir  Install the contents of DESTDIR to idir, using ``make
660                   installworld''.  Note that files that are part of the
661                   ``etc'' or ``xetc'' sets will not be installed, unless
662                   overridden by the INSTALLSETS environment variable.
663
664     kernel=kconf  Build a new kernel.  The kconf argument is the name of a
665                   configuration file suitable for use by config(1).  If kconf
666                   does not contain any `/' characters, the configuration file
667                   is expected to be found in the KERNCONFDIR directory, which
668                   is typically sys/arch/MACHINE/conf.  The new kernel will be
669                   built in a subdirectory of KERNOBJDIR, which is typically
670                   sys/arch/MACHINE/compile or an associated object directory.
671
672                   This command does not imply the tools command; run the
673                   tools command first unless it is certain that the tools
674                   already exist and are up to date.
675
676                   This command will run ``make cleandir'' on the kernel in
677                   question first unless the -u option is given.
678
679     releasekernel=kconf
680                   Install a gzip(1)ed copy of the kernel previously built by
681                   kernel=kconf into
682                   RELEASEDIR/RELEASEMACHINEDIR/binary/kernel, usually as
683                   netbsd-kconf.gz, although the ``netbsd'' prefix is deter-
684                   mined from the ``config'' directives in kconf.
685
686     sets          Perform ``make sets''.
687
688     sourcesets    Perform ``make sourcesets''.
689
690     syspkgs       Perform ``make syspkgs''.
691
692     iso-image     Perform ``make iso-image''.
693
694     iso-image-source
695                   Perform ``make iso-image-source''.
696
697     The following command line options alter the behaviour of the build.sh
698     operations described above:
699
700     -a arch   Set the value of MACHINE_ARCH to arch.
701
702     -B buildid
703               Set the value of BUILDID to buildid.  This will also append the
704               build identifier to the name of the ``make'' wrapper script so
705               that the resulting name is of the form
706               ``nbmake-MACHINE-BUILDID''.
707
708     -C cdextras
709               Set the value of CDEXTRA to cdextras which is a space-separated
710               list of files or directories which will be added in order to
711               the CD-ROM image when used in conjunction with ``iso-image'' or
712               ``iso-image-source''.  Files will be added to the root of the
713               CD-ROM image, whereas directories will be copied recursively.
714               If relative paths are specified, they will be converted to
715               absolute paths before being used.
716
717     -D dest   Set the value of DESTDIR to dest.  If a relative path is speci-
718               fied, it will be converted to an absolute path before being
719               used.
720
721     -E        Set `expert' mode.  This overrides various sanity checks, and
722               allows: DESTDIR does not have to be set to a non-root path for
723               builds, and MKUNPRIVED=yes does not have to be set when build-
724               ing as a non-root user.
725
726               Note: It is highly recommended that you know what you are doing
727               when you use this option.
728
729     -h        Print a help message.
730
731     -j njob   Run up to njob make(1) subjobs in parallel; passed through to
732               make(1).  If you see failures for reasons other than running
733               out of memory while using build.sh with -j, please save com-
734               plete build logs so the failures can be analyzed.
735
736               To achieve the fastest builds, -j values between (1 + the num-
737               ber of CPUs) and (2 * the number of CPUs) are recommended.  Use
738               lower values on machines with limited memory or I/O bandwidth.
739
740     -M obj    Set MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX to obj.  For instance, if the source
741               directory is /usr/src, a setting of ``-M /usr/obj'' will place
742               build-time files under /usr/obj/usr/src/bin,
743               /usr/obj/usr/src/lib, /usr/obj/usr/src/usr.bin, and so forth.
744               If a relative path is specified, it will be converted to an
745               absolute path before being used.  Unsets MAKEOBJDIR.  See ``-O
746               -obj'' for more information.
747
748     -m mach   Set the value of MACHINE to mach, except in some special cases
749               listed below.  This will also override any value of
750               MACHINE_ARCH in the process environment with a value deduced
751               from mach, unless -a is specified.  All cross builds require
752               -m, but if unset on a NetBSD host, the host's value of MACHINE
753               will be detected and used automatically.
754
755               Some machines support multiple values for MACHINE_ARCH.  The
756               following special cases for the mach argument are defined to
757               set the listed values of MACHINE and MACHINE_ARCH:
758
759                     mach          MACHINE    MACHINE_ARCH
760                     evbarm        evbarm     (not set)
761                     evbarm-eb     evbarm     armeb
762                     evbarm-el     evbarm     arm
763                     evbmips       evbmips    (not set)
764                     evbmips-eb    evbmips    mipseb
765                     evbmips-el    evbmips    mipsel
766                     evbsh3        evbsh3     (not set)
767                     evbsh3-eb     evbsh3     sh3eb
768                     evbsh3-el     evbsh3     sh3el
769                     sbmips        sbmips     (not set)
770                     sbmips-eb     sbmips     mipseb
771                     sbmips-el     sbmips     mipsel
772
773     -N noiselevel
774               Set the ``noisyness'' level of the build, by setting
775               MAKEVERBOSE to noiselevel.
776
777     -n        Show the commands that would be executed by build.sh, but do
778               not make any changes.  This is similar in concept to ``make
779               -n''.
780
781     -O obj    Create an appropriate transform macro for MAKEOBJDIR that will
782               place the built object files under obj.  For instance, a set-
783               ting of ``-O /usr/obj'' will place build-time files under
784               /usr/obj/bin, /usr/obj/lib, /usr/obj/usr.bin, and so forth.  If
785               a relative path is specified, it will be converted to an abso-
786               lute path before being used.  Unsets MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX.
787
788               In normal use, exactly one of the -M or -O options should be
789               specified.  If neither -M nor -O is specified, then a default
790               object directory will be chosen according to rules in
791               <bsd.obj.mk>.  Relying on this default is not recommended
792               because it is determined by complex rules that are influenced
793               by the values of several variables and by the location of the
794               source directory.
795
796     -o        Set the value of MKOBJDIRS to ``no''.  Otherwise, it will be
797               automatically set to ``yes''.  This default is opposite to the
798               behaviour when not using build.sh.
799
800     -R rel    Set the value of RELEASEDIR to rel.  If a relative path is
801               specified, it will be converted to an absolute path before
802               being used.
803
804     -r        Remove the contents of DESTDIR and TOOLDIR before building
805               (provides a clean starting point).  This will skip deleting
806               DESTDIR if building on a native system to the root directory.
807
808     -S seed   Change the value of BUILDSEED to seed.  This should rarely be
809               necessary.
810
811     -T tools  Set the value of TOOLDIR to tools.  If a relative path is spec-
812               ified, it will be converted to an absolute path before being
813               used.  If set, the bootstrap ``make'' will only be rebuilt if
814               the source files for make(1) have changed.
815
816     -U        Set MKUNPRIVED=yes.
817
818     -u        Set MKUPDATE=yes.
819
820     -V var=[value]
821               Set the environment variable var to an optional value.  This is
822               propagated to the nbmake wrapper.
823
824     -w wrapper
825               Create the nbmake wrapper script (see below) in a custom loca-
826               tion, specified by wrapper.  This allows, for instance, to
827               place the wrapper in PATH automatically.  Note that wrapper is
828               the full name of the file, not just a directory name.  If a
829               relative path is specified, it will be converted to an absolute
830               path before being used.
831
832     -X x11src
833               Set the value of X11SRCDIR to x11src.  If a relative path is
834               specified, it will be converted to an absolute path before
835               being used.
836
837     -x        Set MKX11=yes.
838
839     -Z var    Unset ("zap") the environment variable var.  This is propagated
840               to the nbmake wrapper.
841
842   The "nbmake-MACHINE" wrapper script
843     If using the build.sh script to build NetBSD, a nbmake-MACHINE script
844     will be created in TOOLDIR/bin upon the first build to assist in building
845     subtrees on a cross-compile host.
846
847     nbmake-MACHINE can be invoked in lieu of make(1), and will instead call
848     the up-to-date version of ``nbmake'' installed into TOOLDIR/bin with sev-
849     eral key variables pre-set, including MACHINE, MACHINE_ARCH, and TOOLDIR.
850     nbmake-MACHINE will also set variables specified with -V, and unset vari-
851     ables specified with -Z.
852
853     This script can be symlinked into a directory listed in PATH, or called
854     with an absolute path.
855
856EXAMPLES
857     1.   % ./build.sh [options] tools kernel=GENERIC
858
859          Build a new toolchain, and use the new toolchain to configure and
860          build a new GENERIC kernel.
861
862     2.   % ./build.sh [options] -U distribution
863
864          Using unprivileged mode, build a complete distribution to a DESTDIR
865          directory that build.sh selects (and will display).
866
867     3.   # ./build.sh [options] -U install=/
868
869          As root, install to / the distribution that was built by example 2.
870          Even though this is run as root, -U is required so that the permis-
871          sions stored in DESTDIR/METALOG are correctly applied to the files
872          as they're copied to /.
873
874     4.   % ./build.sh [options] -U -u release
875
876          Using unprivileged mode, build a complete release to DESTDIR and
877          RELEASEDIR directories that build.sh selects (and will display).
878          MKUPDATE=yes (-u) is set to prevent the ``make cleandir'', so that
879          if this is run after example 2, it doesn't need to redo that portion
880          of the release build.
881
882OBSOLETE VARIABLES
883     NBUILDJOBS  Use the make(1) option -j instead.
884
885     USE_NEW_TOOLCHAIN
886                 The new toolchain is now the default.  To disable, use
887                 TOOLCHAIN_MISSING=yes.
888
889SEE ALSO
890     make(1), hier(7), release(7), etcupdate(8), postinstall(8), sysinst(8),
891     pkgsrc/sysutils/cdrtools
892
893HISTORY
894     The build.sh based build scheme was introduced for NetBSD 1.6 as
895     USE_NEW_TOOLCHAIN, and re-worked to TOOLCHAIN_MISSING after that.
896
897NetBSD                            May 1, 2009                           NetBSD
898