BUILDING revision 1.76
1BUILDING(8)             NetBSD System Manager's Manual             BUILDING(8)
2
3NAME
4     BUILDING -- Procedure for building NetBSD from source code.
5
6REQUIREMENTS
7     NetBSD is designed to be buildable on most POSIX-compliant host systems.
8     The basic build procedure is the same whether compiling natively (on the
9     same NetBSD architecture) or cross compiling (on another architecture or
10     OS).
11
12     This source tree contains a special subtree, ``tools'', which uses the
13     host system to create a build toolchain for the target architecture.  The
14     host system must have at least C and C++ compilers in order to create the
15     toolchain (make is not required); all other tools are created as part of
16     the NetBSD build process.  (See the environment variables section below
17     if you need to override or manually select your compilers.)
18
19FILES
20   Source tree layout
21     doc/BUILDING.mdoc
22                    This document (in -mdoc troff format; the original copy).
23
24     BUILDING       This document (in plaintext).
25
26     tools/compat/README
27                    Special notes for cross-hosting a NetBSD build on non-
28                    NetBSD platforms.
29
30     Makefile       The main Makefile for NetBSD; should only be run for
31                    native builds with an appropriately up-to-date version of
32                    NetBSD make(1).  (For building from out-of-date systems or
33                    on a non-native host, see the build.sh shell script.)
34
35     UPDATING       Special notes for updating from an earlier revision of
36                    NetBSD.  It is important to read this file before every
37                    build of an updated source tree.
38
39     build.sh       Bourne-compatible shell script used for building the host
40                    build tools and the NetBSD system from scratch.  Can be
41                    used for both native and cross builds, and should be used
42                    instead of make(1) for any source tree that is updated and
43                    recompiled regularly.
44
45     crypto/dist/, dist/, gnu/dist/
46                    Sources imported verbatim from third parties, without man-
47                    gling the existing build structure.  Other source trees in
48                    bin through usr.sbin use the NetBSD make(1) ``reachover''
49                    Makefile semantics when building these programs for a
50                    native host.
51
52     distrib/, etc/
53                    Sources for items used when making a full release snap-
54                    shot, such as files installed in DESTDIR/etc on the desti-
55                    nation system, boot media, and release notes.
56
57     tests/, regress/
58                    Regression test harness.  Can be cross-compiled, but only
59                    run natively.  tests/ uses the atf(7) test framework;
60                    regress/ contains older tests that have not yet been
61                    migrated to atf(7).
62
63     sys/           NetBSD kernel sources.
64
65     tools/         ``Reachover'' build structure for the host build tools.
66                    This has a special method of determining out-of-date sta-
67                    tus.
68
69     bin/ ... usr.sbin/
70                    Sources to the NetBSD userland (non-kernel) programs.  If
71                    any of these directories are missing, they will be skipped
72                    during the build.
73
74     x11/           ``Reachover'' build structure for X11R6; the source is in
75                    X11SRCDIR.
76
77   Build tree layout
78     The NetBSD build tree is described in hier(7), and the release layout is
79     described in release(7).
80
81CONFIGURATION
82   Environment variables
83     Several environment variables control the behaviour of NetBSD builds.
84
85     HOST_SH           Path name to a POSIX-compliant shell.  If this is not
86                       set explicitly, then the default is set using heuris-
87                       tics dependent on the host platform, or from the shell
88                       under which build.sh is executed (if that can be deter-
89                       mined), or using the first copy of sh found in PATH.
90                       If the host system's /bin/sh is not POSIX-compliant, we
91                       suggest that you build using commands like
92
93                             HOST_SH=/path/to/working/shell
94                             export HOST_SH
95                             ${HOST_SH} build.sh [options]
96
97     HOST_CC           Path name to C compiler used to create the toolchain.
98
99     HOST_CXX          Path name to C++ compiler used to create the toolchain.
100
101     MACHINE           Machine type, e.g., ``macppc''.
102
103     MACHINE_ARCH      Machine architecture, e.g., ``powerpc''.
104
105     MAKE              Path name to invoke make(1) as.
106
107     MAKEFLAGS         Flags to invoke make(1) with.
108
109     MAKEOBJDIR        Directory to use as the .OBJDIR for the current direc-
110                       tory.  The value is subjected to variable expansion by
111                       make(1).  Typical usage is to set this variable to a
112                       value involving the use of `${.CURDIR:S...}' or
113                       `${.CURDIR:C...}', to derive the value of .OBJDIR from
114                       the value of .CURDIR.  Used only if MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX is
115                       not defined.  MAKEOBJDIR can be provided only in the
116                       environment or via the -O flag of build.sh; it cannot
117                       usefully be set inside a Makefile.
118
119     MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX  Top level directory of the object directory tree.  If
120                       specified, must be an absolute path.  If this is
121                       defined, ${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}/${.CURDIR} is used as the
122                       .OBJDIR for the current directory.  The current direc-
123                       tory may be read only.  MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX can be pro-
124                       vided only in the environment or via the -M flag of
125                       build.sh; it cannot usefully be set inside a Makefile.
126
127   "make" variables
128     Several variables control the behavior of NetBSD builds.  Unless other-
129     wise specified, these variables may be set in either the process environ-
130     ment or the make(1) configuration file specified by MAKECONF.
131
132     BUILDID     Identifier for the build.  The identifier will be appended to
133                 object directory names, and can be consulted in the make(1)
134                 configuration file in order to set additional build parame-
135                 ters, such as compiler flags.
136
137     BUILDSEED   GCC uses random numbers when compiling C++ code.  This vari-
138                 able seeds the gcc random number generator using the -fran-
139                 dom-seed flag with this value.  By default, it is set to
140                 NetBSD-(majorversion).  Using a fixed value causes C++ bina-
141                 ries to be the same when built from the same sources.  Addi-
142                 tional information is available in the GCC documentation of
143                 -frandom-seed.
144
145     DESTDIR     Directory to contain the built NetBSD system.  If set, spe-
146                 cial options are passed to the compilation tools to prevent
147                 their default use of the host system's /usr/include,
148                 /usr/lib, and so forth.  This pathname must be an absolute
149                 path, and should not end with a slash (/) character.  (For
150                 installation into the system's root directory, set DESTDIR to
151                 an empty string, not to ``/'').  The directory must reside on
152                 a file system which supports long file names and hard links.
153
154                 Default: Empty string if USETOOLS is ``yes''; unset other-
155                 wise.
156
157                 Note: build.sh will provide a default of destdir.MACHINE (in
158                 the top-level .OBJDIR) unless run in `expert' mode.
159
160     MAKECONF    The name of the make(1) configuration file.  Only settable in
161                 the process environment.
162
163                 Default: ``/etc/mk.conf''
164
165     MAKEVERBOSE
166                 Level of verbosity of status messages.  Supported values:
167
168                 0    No descriptive messages are shown.
169
170                 1    Descriptive messages are shown.
171
172                 2    Descriptive messages (prefixed with a `#') and command
173                      output is not suppressed.
174
175                 Default: 2
176
177     MKCATPAGES  Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether prefor-
178                 matted plaintext manual pages will be created during a build.
179
180                 Default: ``yes''
181
182     MKCRYPTO    Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether crypto-
183                 graphic code will be included in a build; provided for the
184                 benefit of countries that do not allow strong cryptography.
185                 Will not affect use of the standard low-security password
186                 encryption system, crypt(3).
187
188                 Default: ``yes''
189
190     MKDOC       Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether system
191                 documentation destined for DESTDIR/usr/share/doc will be
192                 installed during a build.
193
194                 Default: ``yes''
195
196     MKHOSTOBJ   Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  If set to ``yes'', then for
197                 programs intended to be run on the compile host, the name,
198                 release, and architecture of the host operating system will
199                 be suffixed to the name of the object directory created by
200                 ``make obj''.  (This allows multiple host systems to compile
201                 NetBSD for a single target.)  If set to ``no'', then programs
202                 built to be run on the compile host will use the same object
203                 directory names as programs built to be run on the target.
204
205                 Default: ``no''
206
207     MKINFO      Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether GNU Info
208                 files, used for the documentation for most of the compilation
209                 tools, will be created and installed during a build.
210
211                 Default: ``yes''
212
213     MKLINT      Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether lint(1)
214                 will be run against portions of the NetBSD source code during
215                 the build, and whether lint libraries will be installed into
216                 DESTDIR/usr/libdata/lint.
217
218                 Default: ``yes''
219
220     MKMAN       Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether manual
221                 pages will be installed during a build.
222
223                 Default: ``yes''
224
225     MKNLS       Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether Native
226                 Language System locale zone files will be compiled and
227                 installed during a build.
228
229                 Default: ``yes''
230
231     MKOBJ       Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether object
232                 directories will be created when running ``make obj''.  If
233                 set to ``no'', then all built files will be located inside
234                 the regular source tree.
235
236                 Default: ``yes''
237
238                 Note that setting MKOBJ to ``no'' is not recommended and may
239                 cause problems when updating the tree with cvs(1).
240
241     MKPIC       Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether shared
242                 objects and libraries will be created and installed during a
243                 build.  If set to ``no'', the entire built system will be
244                 statically linked.
245
246                 Default: Platform dependent.  As of this writing, all plat-
247                 forms except sh3 default to ``yes''.
248
249     MKPICINSTALL
250                 Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether the ar(1)
251                 format libraries (lib*_pic.a), used to generate shared
252                 libraries, are installed during a build.
253
254                 Default: ``yes''
255
256     MKPROFILE   Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether profiled
257                 libraries (lib*_p.a) will be built and installed during a
258                 build.
259
260                 Default: ``yes''; however, some platforms turn off MKPROFILE
261                 by default at times due to toolchain problems with profiled
262                 code.
263
264     MKSHARE     Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether files
265                 destined to reside in DESTDIR/usr/share will be built and
266                 installed during a build.  If set to ``no'', then all of
267                 MKCATPAGES, MKDOC, MKINFO, MKMAN, and MKNLS will be set to
268                 ``no'' unconditionally.
269
270                 Default: ``yes''
271
272     MKTTINTERP  Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  For X builds, decides if
273                 the TrueType bytecode interpreter is turned on.  See
274                 http://www.freetype.org/patents.html for details.
275
276                 Default: ``no''
277
278     MKUNPRIVED  Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether an
279                 unprivileged install will occur.  The user, group, permis-
280                 sions, and file flags, will not be set on the installed
281                 items; instead the information will be appended to a file
282                 called METALOG in DESTDIR.  The contents of METALOG are used
283                 during the generation of the distribution tar files to ensure
284                 that the appropriate file ownership is stored.
285
286                 Default: ``no''
287
288     MKUPDATE    Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether all
289                 install operations intended to write to DESTDIR will compare
290                 file timestamps before installing, and skip the install phase
291                 if the destination files are up-to-date.  This also has
292                 implications on full builds (see next subsection).
293
294                 Default: ``no''
295
296     MKX11       Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether X11R6 is
297                 built from X11SRCDIR.
298
299                 Mutually exclusive to MKXORG != no.
300
301                 Default: ``no''
302
303     MKXORG      Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether X11R7
304                 (modular Xorg) is built from X11SRCDIR.
305
306                 Mutually exclusive to MKX11 != no.
307
308                 Default: ``no''
309
310     TOOLDIR     Directory to hold the host tools, once built.  If specified,
311                 must be an absolute path.  This directory should be unique to
312                 a given host system and NetBSD source tree.  (However, multi-
313                 ple targets may share the same TOOLDIR; the target-dependent
314                 files have unique names.)  If unset, a default based on the
315                 uname(1) information of the host platform will be created in
316                 the .OBJDIR of src.
317
318                 Default: Unset.
319
320     USETOOLS    Indicates whether the tools specified by TOOLDIR should be
321                 used as part of a build in progress.  Must be set to ``yes''
322                 if cross-compiling.
323
324                 yes    Use the tools from TOOLDIR.
325
326                 no     Do not use the tools from TOOLDIR, but refuse to build
327                        native compilation tool components that are version-
328                        specific for that tool.
329
330                 never  Do not use the tools from TOOLDIR, even when building
331                        native tool components.  This is similar to the tradi-
332                        tional NetBSD build method, but does not verify that
333                        the compilation tools in use are up-to-date enough in
334                        order to build the tree successfully.  This may cause
335                        build or runtime problems when building the whole
336                        NetBSD source tree.
337
338                 Default: ``yes'', unless TOOLCHAIN_MISSING is set to ``yes''.
339
340                 USETOOLS is also set to ``no'' when using <bsd.*.mk> outside
341                 the NetBSD source tree.
342
343     X11SRCDIR   Directory containing the X11R6 source.  If specified, must be
344                 an absolute path.  The main X11R6 source is found in
345                 X11SRCDIR/xfree/xc.
346
347                 Default: ``/usr/xsrc''
348
349   "make" variables for full builds
350     These variables only affect the top level ``Makefile'' and do not affect
351     manually building subtrees of the NetBSD source code.
352
353     INSTALLWORLDDIR  Location for the ``make installworld'' target to install
354                      to.  If specified, must be an absolute path.
355
356                      Default: ``/''
357
358     MKOBJDIRS        Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  Indicates whether
359                      object directories will be created automatically (via a
360                      ``make obj'' pass) at the start of a build.
361
362                      Default: ``no''
363
364                      If using build.sh, the default is ``yes''.  This may be
365                      set back to ``no'' by giving build.sh the -o option.
366
367     MKUPDATE         Can be set to ``yes'' or ``no''.  If set, then in addi-
368                      tion to the effects described for MKUPDATE=yes above,
369                      this implies the effects of NOCLEANDIR (i.e., ``make
370                      cleandir'' is avoided).
371
372                      Default: ``no''
373
374                      If using build.sh, this may be set by giving the -u
375                      option.
376
377     NBUILDJOBS       Now obsolete.  Use the make(1) option -j, instead.  See
378                      below.
379
380                      Default: Unset.
381
382     NOCLEANDIR       If set, avoids the ``make cleandir'' phase of a full
383                      build.  This has the effect of allowing only changed
384                      files in a source tree to be recompiled.  This can speed
385                      up builds when updating only a few files in the tree.
386
387                      Default: Unset.
388
389                      See also MKUPDATE.
390
391     NODISTRIBDIRS    If set, avoids the ``make distrib-dirs'' phase of a full
392                      build.  This skips running mtree(8) on DESTDIR, useful
393                      on systems where building as an unprivileged user, or
394                      where it is known that the system-wide mtree files have
395                      not changed.
396
397                      Default: Unset.
398
399     NOINCLUDES       If set, avoids the ``make includes'' phase of a full
400                      build.  This has the effect of preventing make(1) from
401                      thinking that some programs are out-of-date simply
402                      because the system include files have changed.  However,
403                      this option should not be used when updating the entire
404                      NetBSD source tree arbitrarily; it is suggested to use
405                      MKUPDATE=yes instead in that case.
406
407                      Default: Unset.
408
409     RELEASEDIR       If set, specifies the directory to which a release(7)
410                      layout will be written at the end of a ``make release''.
411                      If specified, must be an absolute path.
412
413                      Default: Unset.
414
415                      Note: build.sh will provide a default of releasedir (in
416                      the top-level .OBJDIR) unless run in `expert' mode.
417
418BUILDING
419   "make" command line options
420     This is not a summary of all the options available to make(1); only the
421     options used most frequently with NetBSD builds are listed here.
422
423     -j njob    Run up to njob make(1) subjobs in parallel.  Makefiles should
424                use .WAIT or have explicit dependencies as necessary to
425                enforce build ordering.
426
427     -m dir     Specify the default directory for searching for system Make-
428                file segments, mainly the <bsd.*.mk> files.  When building any
429                full NetBSD source tree, this should be set to the
430                ``share/mk'' directory in the source tree.  This is set auto-
431                matically when building from the top level, or when using
432                build.sh.
433
434     -n         Display the commands that would have been executed, but do not
435                actually execute them.  This will still cause recursion to
436                take place.
437
438     -V var     Print make(1)'s idea of the value of var.  Does not build any
439                targets.
440
441     var=value  Set the variable var to value, overriding any setting speci-
442                fied by the process environment, the MAKECONF configuration
443                file, or the system Makefile segments.
444
445   "make" targets
446     These default targets may be built by running make(1) in any subtree of
447     the NetBSD source code.  It is recommended that none of these be used
448     from the top level Makefile; as a specific exception, ``make obj'' and
449     ``make cleandir'' are useful in that context.
450
451     all        Build programs, libraries, and preformatted documentation.
452
453     clean      Remove program and library object code files.
454
455     cleandir   Same as clean, but also remove preformatted documentation,
456                dependency files generated by ``make depend'', and any other
457                files known to be created at build time.
458
459     depend     Create dependency files (.depend) containing more detailed
460                information about the dependencies of source code on header
461                files.  Allows programs to be recompiled automatically when a
462                dependency changes.
463
464     dependall  Does a ``make depend'' immediately followed by a ``make all''.
465                This improves cache locality of the build since both passes
466                read the source files in their entirety.
467
468     distclean  Synonym for cleandir.
469
470     includes   Build and install system header files.  Typically needed
471                before any system libraries or programs can be built.
472
473     install    Install programs, libraries, and documentation into DESTDIR.
474                Few files will be installed to DESTDIR/dev, DESTDIR/etc,
475                DESTDIR/root or DESTDIR/var in order to prevent user supplied
476                configuration data from being overwritten.
477
478     lint       Run lint(1) against the C source code, where appropriate, and
479                generate system-installed lint libraries.
480
481     obj        Create object directories to be used for built files, instead
482                of building directly in the source tree.
483
484     tags       Create ctags(1) searchable function lists usable by the ex(1)
485                and vi(1) text editors.
486
487   "make" targets for the top level
488     Additional make(1) targets are usable specifically from the top source
489     level to facilitate building the entire NetBSD source tree.
490
491     build         Build the entire NetBSD system (except the kernel).  This
492                   orders portions of the source tree such that prerequisites
493                   will be built in the proper order.
494
495     distribution  Do a ``make build'', and then install a full distribution
496                   (which does not include a kernel) into DESTDIR, including
497                   files in DESTDIR/dev, DESTDIR/etc, DESTDIR/root and
498                   DESTDIR/var.
499
500     buildworld    As per ``make distribution'', except that it ensures that
501                   DESTDIR is not the root directory.
502
503     installworld  Install the distribution from DESTDIR to INSTALLWORLDDIR,
504                   which defaults to the root directory.  Ensures that
505                   INSTALLWORLDDIR is not the root directory if cross compil-
506                   ing.
507
508                   The INSTALLSETS environment variable may be set to a list
509                   of distribution sets to be installed.  By default, all sets
510                   except ``etc'' and ``xetc'' are installed, so most files in
511                   INSTALLWORLDDIR/etc will not be installed or modified.
512
513                   Note: Before performing this operation with
514                   INSTALLWORLDDIR=/, it is highly recommended that you
515                   upgrade your kernel and reboot.  After performing this
516                   operation, it is recommended that you use etcupdate(8) to
517                   update files in INSTALLWORLDDIR/etc and that you use
518                   postinstall(8) to check for inconsistencies (and possibly
519                   to fix them).
520
521     sets          Create distribution sets from DESTDIR into
522                   RELEASEDIR/RELEASEMACHINEDIR/binary/sets.  Should be run
523                   after ``make distribution'', as ``make build'' alone does
524                   not install all of the required files.
525
526     sourcesets    Create source sets of the source tree into
527                   RELEASEDIR/source/sets.
528
529     syspkgs       Create syspkgs from DESTDIR into
530                   RELEASEDIR/RELEASEMACHINEDIR/binary/syspkgs.  Should be run
531                   after ``make distribution'', as ``make build'' alone does
532                   not install all of the required files.
533
534     release       Do a ``make distribution'', build kernels, distribution
535                   media, and install sets (this as per ``make sets''), and
536                   then package the system into a standard release layout as
537                   described by release(7).  This requires that RELEASEDIR be
538                   set (see above).
539
540     iso-image     Create a NetBSD installation CD-ROM image in the
541                   RELEASEDIR/iso directory.  The CD-ROM file system will have
542                   a layout as described in release(7).
543
544                   For most machine types, the CD-ROM will be bootable, and
545                   will automatically run the sysinst(8) menu-based installa-
546                   tion program, which can be used to install or upgrade a
547                   NetBSD system.  Bootable CD-ROMs also contain tools that
548                   may be useful in repairing a damaged NetBSD installation.
549
550                   Before ``make iso-image'' is attempted, RELEASEDIR must be
551                   populated by ``make release'' or equivalent.
552
553                   Note that other, smaller, CD-ROM images may be created in
554                   the RELEASEDIR/RELEASEMACHINEDIR/installation/cdrom direc-
555                   tory by ``make release''.  These smaller images usually
556                   contain the same tools as the larger images in
557                   RELEASEDIR/iso, but do not contain additional content such
558                   as the distribution sets.
559
560                   Note that the mac68k port still uses an older method of
561                   creating CD-ROM images.  This requires the mkisofs(1) util-
562                   ity, which is not part of NetBSD, but which can be
563                   installed from pkgsrc/sysutils/cdrtools.
564
565     iso-image-source
566                   Create a NetBSD installation CD-ROM image in the
567                   RELEASEDIR/iso directory.  The CD-ROM file system will have
568                   a layout as described in release(7).  It will have top
569                   level directories for the machine type and source.
570
571                   For most machine types, the CD-ROM will be bootable, and
572                   will automatically run the sysinst(8) menu-based installa-
573                   tion program, which can be used to install or upgrade a
574                   NetBSD system.  Bootable CD-ROMs also contain tools that
575                   may be useful in repairing a damaged NetBSD installation.
576
577                   Before ``make iso-image-source'' is attempted, RELEASEDIR
578                   must be populated by ``make sourcesets release'' or equiva-
579                   lent.
580
581                   Note that other, smaller, CD-ROM images may be created in
582                   the RELEASEDIR/RELEASEMACHINEDIR/installation/cdrom direc-
583                   tory by ``make release''.  These smaller images usually
584                   contain the same tools as the larger images in
585                   RELEASEDIR/iso, but do not contain additional content such
586                   as the distribution sets.
587
588                   Note that the mac68k port still uses an older method of
589                   creating CD-ROM images.  This requires the mkisofs(1) util-
590                   ity, which is not part of NetBSD, but which can be
591                   installed from pkgsrc/sysutils/cdrtools.
592
593     regression-tests
594                   Can only be run after building the regression tests in the
595                   directory ``regress''.  Runs those compiled regression
596                   tests on the local host.  Note that most tests are now man-
597                   aged instead using atf(7); this target should probably run
598                   those as well but currently does not.
599
600   The "build.sh" script
601     This script file is a Bourne shell script designed to build the entire
602     NetBSD system on any host with a Bourne shell in /bin/sh, including many
603     that are not POSIX compliant.  Note that if a host system's /bin/sh is
604     unusually old and broken, the Korn Shell (/bin/ksh), if available, may be
605     a usable alternative.
606
607     All cross-compile builds, and most native builds, of the entire system
608     should make use of build.sh rather than just running ``make''.  This way,
609     the make(1) program will be bootstrapped properly, in case the host sys-
610     tem has an older or incompatible ``make'' program.
611
612     When compiling the entire system via build.sh, many make(1) variables are
613     set for you in order to help encapsulate the build process.  In the list
614     of options below, variables that are automatically set by build.sh are
615     noted where applicable.
616
617     The following operations are supported by build.sh:
618
619     build         Build the system as per ``make build''.  Before the main
620                   part of the build commences, this command runs the obj
621                   operation (unless the -o option is given), ``make
622                   cleandir'' (unless the -u option is given), and the tools
623                   operation.
624
625     distribution  Build a full distribution as per ``make distribution''.
626                   This command first runs the build operation.
627
628     release       Build a full release as per ``make release''.  This command
629                   first runs the distribution operation.
630
631     makewrapper   Create the nbmake-MACHINE wrapper.  This operation is auto-
632                   matically performed for any of the other operations.
633
634     cleandir      Perform ``make cleandir''.
635
636     obj           Perform ``make obj''.
637
638     tools         Build and install the host tools from src/tools.  This com-
639                   mand will first run ``make obj'' and ``make cleandir'' in
640                   the tools subdirectory unless the -o or -u options (respec-
641                   tively) are given.
642
643     install=idir  Install the contents of DESTDIR to idir, using ``make
644                   installworld''.  Note that files that are part of the
645                   ``etc'' or ``xetc'' sets will not be installed.
646
647     kernel=kconf  Build a new kernel.  The kconf argument is the name of a
648                   configuration file suitable for use by config(1).  If kconf
649                   does not contain any `/' characters, the configuration file
650                   is expected to be found in the KERNCONFDIR directory, which
651                   is typically sys/arch/MACHINE/conf.  The new kernel will be
652                   built in a subdirectory of KERNOBJDIR, which is typically
653                   sys/arch/MACHINE/compile or an associated object directory.
654
655                   This command does not imply the tools command; run the
656                   tools command first unless it is certain that the tools
657                   already exist and are up to date.
658
659                   This command will run ``make cleandir'' on the kernel in
660                   question first unless the -u option is given.
661
662     releasekernel=kconf
663                   Install a gzip(1)ed copy of the kernel previously built by
664                   kernel=kconf into
665                   RELEASEDIR/RELEASEMACHINEDIR/binary/kernel, usually as
666                   netbsd-kconf.gz, although the ``netbsd'' prefix is deter-
667                   mined from the ``config'' directives in kconf.
668
669     sets          Perform ``make sets''.
670
671     sourcesets    Perform ``make sourcesets''.
672
673     syspkgs       Perform ``make syspkgs''.
674
675     iso-image     Perform ``make iso-image''.
676
677     iso-image-source
678                   Perform ``make iso-image-source''.
679
680     The following command line options alter the behaviour of the build.sh
681     operations described above:
682
683     -a arch   Set the value of MACHINE_ARCH to arch.
684
685     -B buildid
686               Set the value of BUILDID to buildid.  This will also append the
687               build identifier to the name of the ``make'' wrapper script so
688               that the resulting name is of the form
689               ``nbmake-MACHINE-BUILDID''.
690
691     -C cdextras
692               Set the value of CDEXTRA to cdextras which is a space-separated
693               list of files or directories which will be added in order to
694               the CD-ROM image when used in conjunction with ``iso-image'' or
695               ``iso-image-source''.  Files will be added to the root of the
696               CD-ROM image, whereas directories will be copied recursively.
697               If relative paths are specified, they will be converted to
698               absolute paths before being used.
699
700     -D dest   Set the value of DESTDIR to dest.  If a relative path is speci-
701               fied, it will be converted to an absolute path before being
702               used.
703
704     -E        Set `expert' mode.  This overrides various sanity checks, and
705               allows: DESTDIR does not have to be set to a non-root path for
706               builds, and MKUNPRIVED=yes does not have to be set when build-
707               ing as a non-root user.
708
709               Note: It is highly recommended that you know what you are doing
710               when you use this option.
711
712     -h        Print a help message.
713
714     -j njob   Run up to njob make(1) subjobs in parallel; passed through to
715               make(1).  If you see failures for reasons other than running
716               out of memory while using build.sh with -j, please save com-
717               plete build logs so the failures can be analyzed.
718
719               To achieve the fastest builds, -j values between (1 + the num-
720               ber of CPUs) and (2 * the number of CPUs) are recommended.  Use
721               lower values on machines with limited memory or I/O bandwidth.
722
723     -M obj    Set MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX to obj.  For instance, if the source
724               directory is /usr/src, a setting of ``-M /usr/obj'' will place
725               build-time files under /usr/obj/usr/src/bin,
726               /usr/obj/usr/src/lib, /usr/obj/usr/src/usr.bin, and so forth.
727               If a relative path is specified, it will be converted to an
728               absolute path before being used.  Unsets MAKEOBJDIR.  See ``-O
729               -obj'' for more information.
730
731     -m mach   Set the value of MACHINE to mach, except in some special cases
732               listed below.  This will also override any value of
733               MACHINE_ARCH in the process environment with a value deduced
734               from mach, unless -a is specified.  All cross builds require
735               -m, but if unset on a NetBSD host, the host's value of MACHINE
736               will be detected and used automatically.
737
738               Some machines support multiple values for MACHINE_ARCH.  The
739               following special cases for the mach argument are defined to
740               set the listed values of MACHINE and MACHINE_ARCH:
741
742                     mach          MACHINE    MACHINE_ARCH
743                     evbarm        evbarm     (not set)
744                     evbarm-eb     evbarm     armeb
745                     evbarm-el     evbarm     arm
746                     evbmips       evbmips    (not set)
747                     evbmips-eb    evbmips    mipseb
748                     evbmips-el    evbmips    mipsel
749                     evbsh3        evbsh3     (not set)
750                     evbsh3-eb     evbsh3     sh3eb
751                     evbsh3-el     evbsh3     sh3el
752                     sbmips        sbmips     (not set)
753                     sbmips-eb     sbmips     mipseb
754                     sbmips-el     sbmips     mipsel
755
756     -N noiselevel
757               Set the ``noisyness'' level of the build, by setting
758               MAKEVERBOSE to noiselevel.
759
760     -n        Show the commands that would be executed by build.sh, but do
761               not make any changes.  This is similar in concept to ``make
762               -n''.
763
764     -O obj    Create an appropriate transform macro for MAKEOBJDIR that will
765               place the built object files under obj.  For instance, a set-
766               ting of ``-O /usr/obj'' will place build-time files under
767               /usr/obj/bin, /usr/obj/lib, /usr/obj/usr.bin, and so forth.  If
768               a relative path is specified, it will be converted to an abso-
769               lute path before being used.  Unsets MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX.
770
771               In normal use, exactly one of the -M or -O options should be
772               specified.  If the source directory is /usr/src and neither -M
773               nor -O is specified, then a default object directory will be
774               chosen according to rules in <bsd.obj.mk>; this default is usu-
775               ally either /usr/obj or /usr/obj.MACHINE.
776
777     -o        Set the value of MKOBJDIRS to ``no''.  Otherwise, it will be
778               automatically set to ``yes''.  This default is opposite to the
779               behaviour when not using build.sh.
780
781     -R rel    Set the value of RELEASEDIR to rel.  If a relative path is
782               specified, it will be converted to an absolute path before
783               being used.
784
785     -r        Remove the contents of DESTDIR and TOOLDIR before building
786               (provides a clean starting point).  This will skip deleting
787               DESTDIR if building on a native system to the root directory.
788
789     -S seed   Change the value of BUILDSEED to seed.  This should rarely be
790               necessary.
791
792     -T tools  Set the value of TOOLDIR to tools.  If a relative path is spec-
793               ified, it will be converted to an absolute path before being
794               used.  If set, the bootstrap ``make'' will only be rebuilt if
795               the source files for make(1) have changed.
796
797     -U        Set MKUNPRIVED=yes.
798
799     -u        Set MKUPDATE=yes.
800
801     -V var=[value]
802               Set the environment variable var to an optional value.  This is
803               propagated to the nbmake wrapper.
804
805     -w wrapper
806               Create the nbmake wrapper script (see below) in a custom loca-
807               tion, specified by wrapper.  This allows, for instance, to
808               place the wrapper in PATH automatically.  Note that wrapper is
809               the full name of the file, not just a directory name.  If a
810               relative path is specified, it will be converted to an absolute
811               path before being used.
812
813     -X x11src
814               Set the value of X11SRCDIR to x11src.  If a relative path is
815               specified, it will be converted to an absolute path before
816               being used.
817
818     -x        Set MKX11=yes.
819
820     -Z var    Unset ("zap") the environment variable var.  This is propagated
821               to the nbmake wrapper.
822
823   The "nbmake-MACHINE" wrapper script
824     If using the build.sh script to build NetBSD, a nbmake-MACHINE script
825     will be created in TOOLDIR/bin upon the first build to assist in building
826     subtrees on a cross-compile host.
827
828     nbmake-MACHINE can be invoked in lieu of make(1), and will instead call
829     the up-to-date version of ``nbmake'' installed into TOOLDIR/bin with sev-
830     eral key variables pre-set, including MACHINE, MACHINE_ARCH, and TOOLDIR.
831     nbmake-MACHINE will also set variables specified with -V, and unset vari-
832     ables specified with -Z.
833
834     This script can be symlinked into a directory listed in PATH, or called
835     with an absolute path.
836
837EXAMPLES
838     1.   % ./build.sh tools kernel=GENERIC
839
840          Build a new toolchain, and use the new toolchain to configure and
841          build a new GENERIC kernel.
842
843     2.   % ./build.sh -U distribution
844
845          Using unprivileged mode, build a complete distribution to a DESTDIR
846          directory that build.sh selects (and will display).
847
848     3.   # ./build.sh -U install=/
849
850          As root, install to / the distribution that was built by example 2.
851          Even though this is run as root, -U is required so that the permis-
852          sions stored in DESTDIR/METALOG are correctly applied to the files
853          as they're copied to /.
854
855     4.   % ./build.sh -U -u release
856
857          Using unprivileged mode, build a complete release to DESTDIR and
858          RELEASEDIR directories that build.sh selects (and will display).
859          MKUPDATE=yes (-u) is set to prevent the ``make cleandir'', so that
860          if this is run after example 2, it doesn't need to redo that portion
861          of the release build.
862
863OBSOLETE VARIABLES
864     NBUILDJOBS  Use the make(1) option -j instead.
865
866     USE_NEW_TOOLCHAIN
867                 The new toolchain is now the default.  To disable, use
868                 TOOLCHAIN_MISSING=yes.
869
870SEE ALSO
871     make(1), hier(7), release(7), etcupdate(8), postinstall(8), sysinst(8),
872     pkgsrc/sysutils/cdrtools
873
874HISTORY
875     The build.sh based build scheme was introduced for NetBSD 1.6 as
876     USE_NEW_TOOLCHAIN, and re-worked to TOOLCHAIN_MISSING after that.
877
878NetBSD                          August 18, 2008                         NetBSD
879