1// Multiset implementation -*- C++ -*-
2
3// Copyright (C) 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4//
5// This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library.  This library is free
6// software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
7// terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
8// Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
9// any later version.
10
11// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
14// GNU General Public License for more details.
15
16// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
17// with this library; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the Free
18// Software Foundation, 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301,
19// USA.
20
21// As a special exception, you may use this file as part of a free software
22// library without restriction.  Specifically, if other files instantiate
23// templates or use macros or inline functions from this file, or you compile
24// this file and link it with other files to produce an executable, this
25// file does not by itself cause the resulting executable to be covered by
26// the GNU General Public License.  This exception does not however
27// invalidate any other reasons why the executable file might be covered by
28// the GNU General Public License.
29
30/*
31 *
32 * Copyright (c) 1994
33 * Hewlett-Packard Company
34 *
35 * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software
36 * and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee,
37 * provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and
38 * that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear
39 * in supporting documentation.  Hewlett-Packard Company makes no
40 * representations about the suitability of this software for any
41 * purpose.  It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.
42 *
43 *
44 * Copyright (c) 1996
45 * Silicon Graphics Computer Systems, Inc.
46 *
47 * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software
48 * and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee,
49 * provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and
50 * that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear
51 * in supporting documentation.  Silicon Graphics makes no
52 * representations about the suitability of this software for any
53 * purpose.  It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.
54 */
55
56/** @file stl_multiset.h
57 *  This is an internal header file, included by other library headers.
58 *  You should not attempt to use it directly.
59 */
60
61#ifndef _MULTISET_H
62#define _MULTISET_H 1
63
64#include <bits/concept_check.h>
65
66namespace _GLIBCXX_STD
67{
68
69  // Forward declaration of operators < and ==, needed for friend declaration.
70  template <class _Key, class _Compare = std::less<_Key>,
71	    class _Alloc = std::allocator<_Key> >
72    class multiset;
73
74  template <class _Key, class _Compare, class _Alloc>
75    inline bool
76    operator==(const multiset<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __x,
77	       const multiset<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __y);
78
79  template <class _Key, class _Compare, class _Alloc>
80    inline bool
81    operator<(const multiset<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __x,
82	      const multiset<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __y);
83
84  /**
85   *  @brief A standard container made up of elements, which can be retrieved
86   *  in logarithmic time.
87   *
88   *  @ingroup Containers
89   *  @ingroup Assoc_containers
90   *
91   *  Meets the requirements of a <a href="tables.html#65">container</a>, a
92   *  <a href="tables.html#66">reversible container</a>, and an
93   *  <a href="tables.html#69">associative container</a> (using equivalent
94   *  keys).  For a @c multiset<Key> the key_type and value_type are Key.
95   *
96   *  Multisets support bidirectional iterators.
97   *
98   *  @if maint
99   *  The private tree data is declared exactly the same way for set and
100   *  multiset; the distinction is made entirely in how the tree functions are
101   *  called (*_unique versus *_equal, same as the standard).
102   *  @endif
103  */
104  template <class _Key, class _Compare, class _Alloc>
105    class multiset
106    {
107      // concept requirements
108      typedef typename _Alloc::value_type                   _Alloc_value_type;
109      __glibcxx_class_requires(_Key, _SGIAssignableConcept)
110      __glibcxx_class_requires4(_Compare, bool, _Key, _Key,
111				_BinaryFunctionConcept)
112      __glibcxx_class_requires2(_Key, _Alloc_value_type, _SameTypeConcept)
113
114    public:
115      // typedefs:
116      typedef _Key     key_type;
117      typedef _Key     value_type;
118      typedef _Compare key_compare;
119      typedef _Compare value_compare;
120      typedef _Alloc   allocator_type;
121
122    private:
123      /// @if maint  This turns a red-black tree into a [multi]set.  @endif
124      typedef typename _Alloc::template rebind<_Key>::other _Key_alloc_type;
125
126      typedef _Rb_tree<key_type, value_type, _Identity<value_type>,
127		       key_compare, _Key_alloc_type> _Rep_type;
128      /// @if maint  The actual tree structure.  @endif
129      _Rep_type _M_t;
130
131    public:
132      typedef typename _Key_alloc_type::pointer             pointer;
133      typedef typename _Key_alloc_type::const_pointer       const_pointer;
134      typedef typename _Key_alloc_type::reference           reference;
135      typedef typename _Key_alloc_type::const_reference     const_reference;
136      // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
137      // DR 103. set::iterator is required to be modifiable,
138      // but this allows modification of keys.
139      typedef typename _Rep_type::const_iterator            iterator;
140      typedef typename _Rep_type::const_iterator            const_iterator;
141      typedef typename _Rep_type::const_reverse_iterator    reverse_iterator;
142      typedef typename _Rep_type::const_reverse_iterator    const_reverse_iterator;
143      typedef typename _Rep_type::size_type                 size_type;
144      typedef typename _Rep_type::difference_type           difference_type;
145
146      // allocation/deallocation
147
148      /**
149       *  @brief  Default constructor creates no elements.
150       */
151      multiset()
152      : _M_t(_Compare(), allocator_type()) { }
153
154      explicit
155      multiset(const _Compare& __comp,
156	       const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type())
157      : _M_t(__comp, __a) { }
158
159      /**
160       *  @brief  Builds a %multiset from a range.
161       *  @param  first  An input iterator.
162       *  @param  last  An input iterator.
163       *
164       *  Create a %multiset consisting of copies of the elements from
165       *  [first,last).  This is linear in N if the range is already sorted,
166       *  and NlogN otherwise (where N is distance(first,last)).
167       */
168      template <class _InputIterator>
169        multiset(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last)
170	: _M_t(_Compare(), allocator_type())
171        { _M_t.insert_equal(__first, __last); }
172
173      /**
174       *  @brief  Builds a %multiset from a range.
175       *  @param  first  An input iterator.
176       *  @param  last  An input iterator.
177       *  @param  comp  A comparison functor.
178       *  @param  a  An allocator object.
179       *
180       *  Create a %multiset consisting of copies of the elements from
181       *  [first,last).  This is linear in N if the range is already sorted,
182       *  and NlogN otherwise (where N is distance(first,last)).
183       */
184      template <class _InputIterator>
185        multiset(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last,
186		 const _Compare& __comp,
187		 const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type())
188	: _M_t(__comp, __a)
189        { _M_t.insert_equal(__first, __last); }
190
191      /**
192       *  @brief  %Multiset copy constructor.
193       *  @param  x  A %multiset of identical element and allocator types.
194       *
195       *  The newly-created %multiset uses a copy of the allocation object used
196       *  by @a x.
197       */
198      multiset(const multiset<_Key,_Compare,_Alloc>& __x)
199      : _M_t(__x._M_t) { }
200
201      /**
202       *  @brief  %Multiset assignment operator.
203       *  @param  x  A %multiset of identical element and allocator types.
204       *
205       *  All the elements of @a x are copied, but unlike the copy constructor,
206       *  the allocator object is not copied.
207       */
208      multiset<_Key,_Compare,_Alloc>&
209      operator=(const multiset<_Key,_Compare,_Alloc>& __x)
210      {
211	_M_t = __x._M_t;
212	return *this;
213      }
214
215      // accessors:
216
217      ///  Returns the comparison object.
218      key_compare
219      key_comp() const
220      { return _M_t.key_comp(); }
221      ///  Returns the comparison object.
222      value_compare
223      value_comp() const
224      { return _M_t.key_comp(); }
225      ///  Returns the memory allocation object.
226      allocator_type
227      get_allocator() const
228      { return _M_t.get_allocator(); }
229
230      /**
231       *  Returns a read/write iterator that points to the first element in the
232       *  %multiset.  Iteration is done in ascending order according to the
233       *  keys.
234       */
235      iterator
236      begin() const
237      { return _M_t.begin(); }
238
239      /**
240       *  Returns a read/write iterator that points one past the last element in
241       *  the %multiset.  Iteration is done in ascending order according to the
242       *  keys.
243       */
244      iterator
245      end() const
246      { return _M_t.end(); }
247
248      /**
249       *  Returns a read/write reverse iterator that points to the last element
250       *  in the %multiset.  Iteration is done in descending order according to
251       *  the keys.
252       */
253      reverse_iterator
254      rbegin() const
255      { return _M_t.rbegin(); }
256
257      /**
258       *  Returns a read/write reverse iterator that points to the last element
259       *  in the %multiset.  Iteration is done in descending order according to
260       *  the keys.
261       */
262      reverse_iterator
263      rend() const
264      { return _M_t.rend(); }
265
266      ///  Returns true if the %set is empty.
267      bool
268      empty() const
269      { return _M_t.empty(); }
270
271      ///  Returns the size of the %set.
272      size_type
273      size() const
274      { return _M_t.size(); }
275
276      ///  Returns the maximum size of the %set.
277      size_type
278      max_size() const
279      { return _M_t.max_size(); }
280
281      /**
282       *  @brief  Swaps data with another %multiset.
283       *  @param  x  A %multiset of the same element and allocator types.
284       *
285       *  This exchanges the elements between two multisets in constant time.
286       *  (It is only swapping a pointer, an integer, and an instance of the @c
287       *  Compare type (which itself is often stateless and empty), so it should
288       *  be quite fast.)
289       *  Note that the global std::swap() function is specialized such that
290       *  std::swap(s1,s2) will feed to this function.
291       */
292      void
293      swap(multiset<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __x)
294      { _M_t.swap(__x._M_t); }
295
296      // insert/erase
297      /**
298       *  @brief Inserts an element into the %multiset.
299       *  @param  x  Element to be inserted.
300       *  @return An iterator that points to the inserted element.
301       *
302       *  This function inserts an element into the %multiset.  Contrary
303       *  to a std::set the %multiset does not rely on unique keys and thus
304       *  multiple copies of the same element can be inserted.
305       *
306       *  Insertion requires logarithmic time.
307       */
308      iterator
309      insert(const value_type& __x)
310      { return _M_t.insert_equal(__x); }
311
312      /**
313       *  @brief Inserts an element into the %multiset.
314       *  @param  position  An iterator that serves as a hint as to where the
315       *                    element should be inserted.
316       *  @param  x  Element to be inserted.
317       *  @return An iterator that points to the inserted element.
318       *
319       *  This function inserts an element into the %multiset.  Contrary
320       *  to a std::set the %multiset does not rely on unique keys and thus
321       *  multiple copies of the same element can be inserted.
322       *
323       *  Note that the first parameter is only a hint and can potentially
324       *  improve the performance of the insertion process.  A bad hint would
325       *  cause no gains in efficiency.
326       *
327       *  See http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/23_containers/howto.html#4
328       *  for more on "hinting".
329       *
330       *  Insertion requires logarithmic time (if the hint is not taken).
331       */
332      iterator
333      insert(iterator __position, const value_type& __x)
334      { return _M_t.insert_equal(__position, __x); }
335
336      /**
337       *  @brief A template function that attemps to insert a range of elements.
338       *  @param  first  Iterator pointing to the start of the range to be
339       *                 inserted.
340       *  @param  last  Iterator pointing to the end of the range.
341       *
342       *  Complexity similar to that of the range constructor.
343       */
344      template <class _InputIterator>
345        void
346        insert(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last)
347        { _M_t.insert_equal(__first, __last); }
348
349      /**
350       *  @brief Erases an element from a %multiset.
351       *  @param  position  An iterator pointing to the element to be erased.
352       *
353       *  This function erases an element, pointed to by the given iterator,
354       *  from a %multiset.  Note that this function only erases the element,
355       *  and that if the element is itself a pointer, the pointed-to memory is
356       *  not touched in any way.  Managing the pointer is the user's
357       *  responsibilty.
358       */
359      void
360      erase(iterator __position)
361      { _M_t.erase(__position); }
362
363      /**
364       *  @brief Erases elements according to the provided key.
365       *  @param  x  Key of element to be erased.
366       *  @return  The number of elements erased.
367       *
368       *  This function erases all elements located by the given key from a
369       *  %multiset.
370       *  Note that this function only erases the element, and that if
371       *  the element is itself a pointer, the pointed-to memory is not touched
372       *  in any way.  Managing the pointer is the user's responsibilty.
373       */
374      size_type
375      erase(const key_type& __x)
376      { return _M_t.erase(__x); }
377
378      /**
379       *  @brief Erases a [first,last) range of elements from a %multiset.
380       *  @param  first  Iterator pointing to the start of the range to be
381       *                 erased.
382       *  @param  last  Iterator pointing to the end of the range to be erased.
383       *
384       *  This function erases a sequence of elements from a %multiset.
385       *  Note that this function only erases the elements, and that if
386       *  the elements themselves are pointers, the pointed-to memory is not
387       *  touched in any way.  Managing the pointer is the user's responsibilty.
388       */
389      void
390      erase(iterator __first, iterator __last)
391      { _M_t.erase(__first, __last); }
392
393      /**
394       *  Erases all elements in a %multiset.  Note that this function only
395       *  erases the elements, and that if the elements themselves are pointers,
396       *  the pointed-to memory is not touched in any way.  Managing the pointer
397       *  is the user's responsibilty.
398       */
399      void
400      clear()
401      { _M_t.clear(); }
402
403      // multiset operations:
404
405      /**
406       *  @brief Finds the number of elements with given key.
407       *  @param  x  Key of elements to be located.
408       *  @return Number of elements with specified key.
409       */
410      size_type
411      count(const key_type& __x) const
412      { return _M_t.count(__x); }
413
414      // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
415      // 214.  set::find() missing const overload
416      //@{
417      /**
418       *  @brief Tries to locate an element in a %set.
419       *  @param  x  Element to be located.
420       *  @return  Iterator pointing to sought-after element, or end() if not
421       *           found.
422       *
423       *  This function takes a key and tries to locate the element with which
424       *  the key matches.  If successful the function returns an iterator
425       *  pointing to the sought after element.  If unsuccessful it returns the
426       *  past-the-end ( @c end() ) iterator.
427       */
428      iterator
429      find(const key_type& __x)
430      { return _M_t.find(__x); }
431
432      const_iterator
433      find(const key_type& __x) const
434      { return _M_t.find(__x); }
435      //@}
436
437      //@{
438      /**
439       *  @brief Finds the beginning of a subsequence matching given key.
440       *  @param  x  Key to be located.
441       *  @return  Iterator pointing to first element equal to or greater
442       *           than key, or end().
443       *
444       *  This function returns the first element of a subsequence of elements
445       *  that matches the given key.  If unsuccessful it returns an iterator
446       *  pointing to the first element that has a greater value than given key
447       *  or end() if no such element exists.
448       */
449      iterator
450      lower_bound(const key_type& __x)
451      { return _M_t.lower_bound(__x); }
452
453      const_iterator
454      lower_bound(const key_type& __x) const
455      { return _M_t.lower_bound(__x); }
456      //@}
457
458      //@{
459      /**
460       *  @brief Finds the end of a subsequence matching given key.
461       *  @param  x  Key to be located.
462       *  @return Iterator pointing to the first element
463       *          greater than key, or end().
464       */
465      iterator
466      upper_bound(const key_type& __x)
467      { return _M_t.upper_bound(__x); }
468
469      const_iterator
470      upper_bound(const key_type& __x) const
471      { return _M_t.upper_bound(__x); }
472      //@}
473
474      //@{
475      /**
476       *  @brief Finds a subsequence matching given key.
477       *  @param  x  Key to be located.
478       *  @return  Pair of iterators that possibly points to the subsequence
479       *           matching given key.
480       *
481       *  This function is equivalent to
482       *  @code
483       *    std::make_pair(c.lower_bound(val),
484       *                   c.upper_bound(val))
485       *  @endcode
486       *  (but is faster than making the calls separately).
487       *
488       *  This function probably only makes sense for multisets.
489       */
490      std::pair<iterator, iterator>
491      equal_range(const key_type& __x)
492      { return _M_t.equal_range(__x); }
493
494      std::pair<const_iterator, const_iterator>
495      equal_range(const key_type& __x) const
496      { return _M_t.equal_range(__x); }
497
498      template <class _K1, class _C1, class _A1>
499        friend bool
500        operator== (const multiset<_K1, _C1, _A1>&,
501		    const multiset<_K1, _C1, _A1>&);
502
503      template <class _K1, class _C1, class _A1>
504        friend bool
505        operator< (const multiset<_K1, _C1, _A1>&,
506		   const multiset<_K1, _C1, _A1>&);
507    };
508
509  /**
510   *  @brief  Multiset equality comparison.
511   *  @param  x  A %multiset.
512   *  @param  y  A %multiset of the same type as @a x.
513   *  @return  True iff the size and elements of the multisets are equal.
514   *
515   *  This is an equivalence relation.  It is linear in the size of the
516   *  multisets.
517   *  Multisets are considered equivalent if their sizes are equal, and if
518   *  corresponding elements compare equal.
519  */
520  template <class _Key, class _Compare, class _Alloc>
521    inline bool
522    operator==(const multiset<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __x,
523	       const multiset<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __y)
524    { return __x._M_t == __y._M_t; }
525
526  /**
527   *  @brief  Multiset ordering relation.
528   *  @param  x  A %multiset.
529   *  @param  y  A %multiset of the same type as @a x.
530   *  @return  True iff @a x is lexicographically less than @a y.
531   *
532   *  This is a total ordering relation.  It is linear in the size of the
533   *  maps.  The elements must be comparable with @c <.
534   *
535   *  See std::lexicographical_compare() for how the determination is made.
536  */
537  template <class _Key, class _Compare, class _Alloc>
538    inline bool
539    operator<(const multiset<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __x,
540	      const multiset<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __y)
541    { return __x._M_t < __y._M_t; }
542
543  ///  Returns !(x == y).
544  template <class _Key, class _Compare, class _Alloc>
545    inline bool
546    operator!=(const multiset<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __x,
547	       const multiset<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __y)
548    { return !(__x == __y); }
549
550  ///  Returns y < x.
551  template <class _Key, class _Compare, class _Alloc>
552    inline bool
553    operator>(const multiset<_Key,_Compare,_Alloc>& __x,
554	      const multiset<_Key,_Compare,_Alloc>& __y)
555    { return __y < __x; }
556
557  ///  Returns !(y < x)
558  template <class _Key, class _Compare, class _Alloc>
559    inline bool
560    operator<=(const multiset<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __x,
561	       const multiset<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __y)
562    { return !(__y < __x); }
563
564  ///  Returns !(x < y)
565  template <class _Key, class _Compare, class _Alloc>
566    inline bool
567    operator>=(const multiset<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __x,
568	       const multiset<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __y)
569    { return !(__x < __y); }
570
571  /// See std::multiset::swap().
572  template <class _Key, class _Compare, class _Alloc>
573    inline void
574    swap(multiset<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __x,
575	 multiset<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __y)
576    { __x.swap(__y); }
577
578} // namespace std
579
580#endif /* _MULTISET_H */
581