1% ViperCard -- The Reference Card for Viper under GNU Emacs 21 and XEmacs 20 2%**start of header 3\newcount\columnsperpage 4 5% This file can be printed with 1 or 2 columns per page (see below). 6% Specify how many you want here. Nothing else needs to be changed. 7 8\columnsperpage=2 9 10% Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 11% 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 12 13% This file is part of GNU Emacs. 14 15% This file is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 16% but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY. No author or distributor 17% accepts responsibility to anyone for the consequences of using it 18% or for whether it serves any particular purpose or describes 19% any piece of software unless they say so in writing. Refer to the 20% GNU Emacs General Public License for full details. 21% 22% Permission is granted to copy, modify and redistribute this source 23% file provided the copyright notice and permission notices are 24% preserved on all copies. 25% 26% Permission is granted to process this file through TeX and print the 27% results, provided the printed document carries copyright and 28% permission notices identical to the ones below. 29 30% This file is intended to be processed by plain TeX (TeX82). 31% 32% The final reference card has six columns, three on each side. 33% This file can be used to produce it in any of three ways: 34% 1 column per page 35% produces six separate pages, each of which needs to be reduced to 80%. 36% This gives the best resolution. 37% 2 columns per page 38% produces three already-reduced pages. 39% You will still need to cut and paste. 40% 3 columns per page 41% produces two pages which must be printed sideways to make a 42% ready-to-use 8.5 x 11 inch reference card. 43% For this you need a dvi device driver that can print sideways. 44% Which mode to use is controlled by setting \columnsperpage above. 45% 46% Author of Viper: 47% Michael Kifer 48% email: kifer@cs.sunysb.edu 49% 50% Author of VIP 4.3: 51% Aamod Sane 52% email: sane@cs.uiuc.edu 53% 54% Author of VIP 3.5: 55% Masahiko Sato 56% email: ms@sail.stanford.edu 57% 58% The original TeX code for formatting the reference card was written by: 59% Stephen Gildea 60% UUCP: mit-erl!gildea 61% email: gildea@stop.mail-abuse.org 62 63 64\def\versionnumber{3.0} 65\def\year{2007} 66\def\version{August 2006 v\versionnumber} 67 68\def\shortcopyrightnotice{\vskip 1ex plus 2 fill 69 \centerline{\small \copyright\ \year\ Free Software Foundation, Inc. 70 Permissions on back. v\versionnumber}} 71 72\def\copyrightnotice{ 73%\vskip 1ex plus 2 fill\begingroup\small 74\vskip 1ex \begingroup\small 75\centerline{Copyright \copyright\ \year\ Free Software Foundation, Inc.} 76\centerline{by Michael Kifer, Viper \version} 77\centerline{by Aamod Sane, VIP version 4.3} 78\centerline{by Masahiko Sato, VIP version 3.5} 79 80Permission is granted to make and distribute copies of 81this card provided the copyright notice and this permission notice 82are preserved on all copies. 83 84For copies of the GNU Emacs manual, write to the Free Software 85Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. 86 87\endgroup} 88 89% make \bye not \outer so that the \def\bye in the \else clause below 90% can be scanned without complaint. 91\def\bye{\par\vfill\supereject\end} 92 93\newdimen\intercolumnskip 94\newbox\columna 95\newbox\columnb 96 97\def\ncolumns{\the\columnsperpage} 98 99\message{[\ncolumns\space 100 column\if 1\ncolumns\else s\fi\space per page]} 101 102\def\scaledmag#1{ scaled \magstep #1} 103 104% This multi-way format was designed by Stephen Gildea 105% October 1986. 106% Slightly modified by Masahiko Sato, September 1987. 107\if 1\ncolumns 108 \hsize 4in 109 \vsize 10in 110 %\voffset -.7in 111 \voffset -.57in 112 \font\titlefont=\fontname\tenbf \scaledmag3 113 \font\headingfont=\fontname\tenbf \scaledmag2 114 \font\miniheadingfont=\fontname\tenbf \scaledmag1 % masahiko 115 \font\smallfont=\fontname\sevenrm 116 \font\smallsy=\fontname\sevensy 117 118 \footline{\hss\folio} 119 \def\makefootline{\baselineskip10pt\hsize6.5in\line{\the\footline}} 120\else 121 %\hsize 3.2in 122 %\vsize 7.95in 123 \hsize 3.41in % masahiko 124 \vsize 8in % masahiko 125 \hoffset -.75in 126 \voffset -.745in 127 \font\titlefont=cmbx10 \scaledmag2 128 \font\headingfont=cmbx10 \scaledmag1 129 \font\miniheadingfont=cmbx10 % masahiko 130 \font\smallfont=cmr6 131 \font\smallsy=cmsy6 132 \font\eightrm=cmr8 133 \font\eightbf=cmbx8 134 \font\eightit=cmti8 135 \font\eightsl=cmsl8 136 \font\eighttt=cmtt8 137 \font\eightsy=cmsy8 138 \textfont0=\eightrm 139 \textfont2=\eightsy 140 \def\rm{\eightrm} 141 \def\bf{\eightbf} 142 \def\it{\eightit} 143 \def\sl{\eightsl} % masahiko 144 \def\tt{\eighttt} 145 \normalbaselineskip=.8\normalbaselineskip 146 \normallineskip=.8\normallineskip 147 \normallineskiplimit=.8\normallineskiplimit 148 \normalbaselines\rm %make definitions take effect 149 150 \if 2\ncolumns 151 \let\maxcolumn=b 152 \footline{\hss\rm\folio\hss} 153 \def\makefootline{\vskip 2in \hsize=6.86in\line{\the\footline}} 154 \else \if 3\ncolumns 155 \let\maxcolumn=c 156 \nopagenumbers 157 \else 158 \errhelp{You must set \columnsperpage equal to 1, 2, or 3.} 159 \errmessage{Illegal number of columns per page} 160 \fi\fi 161 162 %\intercolumnskip=.46in 163 \intercolumnskip=.19in % masahiko .19x4 + 3.41x3 = 10.99 164 \def\abc{a} 165 \output={% 166 % This next line is useful when designing the layout. 167 %\immediate\write16{Column \folio\abc\space starts with \firstmark} 168 \if \maxcolumn\abc \multicolumnformat \global\def\abc{a} 169 \else\if a\abc 170 \global\setbox\columna\columnbox \global\def\abc{b} 171 %% in case we never use \columnb (two-column mode) 172 \global\setbox\columnb\hbox to -\intercolumnskip{} 173 \else 174 \global\setbox\columnb\columnbox \global\def\abc{c}\fi\fi} 175 \def\multicolumnformat{\shipout\vbox{\makeheadline 176 \hbox{\box\columna\hskip\intercolumnskip 177 \box\columnb\hskip\intercolumnskip\columnbox} 178 \makefootline}\advancepageno} 179 \def\columnbox{\leftline{\pagebody}} 180 181 \def\bye{\par\vfill\supereject 182 \if a\abc \else\null\vfill\eject\fi 183 \if a\abc \else\null\vfill\eject\fi 184 \end} 185\fi 186 187% we won't be using math mode much, so redefine some of the characters 188% we might want to talk about 189\catcode`\^=12 190\catcode`\_=12 191 192\chardef\\=`\\ 193\chardef\{=`\{ 194\chardef\}=`\} 195 196\hyphenation{mini-buf-fer} 197 198\parindent 0pt 199\parskip 1ex plus .5ex minus .5ex 200 201\def\small{\smallfont\textfont2=\smallsy\baselineskip=.8\baselineskip} 202 203\outer\def\newcolumn{\vfill\eject} 204 205\outer\def\title#1{{\titlefont\centerline{#1}}\vskip 1ex plus .5ex} 206 207\outer\def\section#1{\par\filbreak 208 \vskip 3ex plus 2ex minus 2ex {\headingfont #1}\mark{#1}% 209 \vskip 2ex plus 1ex minus 1.5ex} 210 211% masahiko 212\outer\def\subsection#1{\par\filbreak 213 \vskip 2ex plus 2ex minus 2ex {\miniheadingfont #1}\mark{#1}% 214 \vskip 1ex plus 1ex minus 1.5ex} 215 216\newdimen\keyindent 217 218\def\beginindentedkeys{\keyindent=1em} 219\def\endindentedkeys{\keyindent=0em} 220\endindentedkeys 221 222\def\paralign{\vskip\parskip\halign} 223 224\def\<#1>{$\langle${\rm #1}$\rangle$} 225 226\def\kbd#1{{\tt#1}\null} %\null so not an abbrev even if period follows 227 228\def\beginexample{\par\leavevmode\begingroup 229 \obeylines\obeyspaces\parskip0pt\tt} 230{\obeyspaces\global\let =\ } 231\def\endexample{\endgroup} 232 233\def\key#1#2{\leavevmode\hbox to \hsize{\vtop 234 {\hsize=.75\hsize\rightskip=1em 235 \hskip\keyindent\relax#1}\kbd{#2}\hfil}} 236 237\newbox\metaxbox 238\setbox\metaxbox\hbox{\kbd{M-x }} 239\newdimen\metaxwidth 240\metaxwidth=\wd\metaxbox 241 242\def\metax#1#2{\leavevmode\hbox to \hsize{\hbox to .75\hsize 243 {\hskip\keyindent\relax#1\hfil}% 244 \hskip -\metaxwidth minus 1fil 245 \kbd{#2}\hfil}} 246 247\def\fivecol#1#2#3#4#5{\hskip\keyindent\relax#1\hfil&\kbd{#2}\quad 248 &\kbd{#3}\quad&\kbd{#4}\quad&\kbd{#5}\cr} 249 250\def\fourcol#1#2#3#4{\hskip\keyindent\relax#1\hfil&\kbd{#2}\quad 251 &\kbd{#3}\quad&\kbd{#4}\quad\cr} 252 253\def\threecol#1#2#3{\hskip\keyindent\relax#1\hfil&\kbd{#2}\quad 254 &\kbd{#3}\quad\cr} 255 256\def\twocol#1#2{\hskip\keyindent\relax\kbd{#1}\hfil&\kbd{#2}\quad\cr} 257 258\def\twocolkey#1#2#3#4{\hskip\keyindent\relax#1\hfil&\kbd{#2}\quad&\relax#3\hfil&\kbd{#4}\quad\cr} 259 260%**end of header 261 262\beginindentedkeys 263 264\title{ViperCard: Viper Reference Pal} 265 266\centerline{(Version 3.0 (Polyglot) for Emacs 21 and XEmacs 20)} 267 268%\copyrightnotice 269 270\section{Loading Viper} 271 272Just type \kbd{M-x viper-mode} followed by \kbd{RET} 273 274OR put 275 276(setq viper-mode t) 277(require 'viper) 278 279in .emacs 280 281\section{Viper States} 282 283Viper has four states: {\it emacs state}, {\it vi state}, {\it insert state}, 284{\it replace state}. 285Mode line tells you which state you are in. 286In emacs state you can do all the normal GNU Emacs editing. 287This card explains only vi state and insert state (replace state is similar 288to insert state). 289{\bf GNU Emacs Reference Card} explains emacs state. 290You can switch states as follows. 291 292\key{from emacs state to vi state}{C-z} 293\key{from vi state to emacs state}{C-z} 294\key{from vi state to emacs state for 1 command}{$\backslash$} 295\metax{from vi state to insert state}{i, I, a, A, o, O} 296\metax{from vi state to replace state}{c, C, R} 297\key{from insert or replace state to vi state}{ESC} 298\key{from insert state to vi state for 1 command}{C-z} 299 300 301\section{Insert Mode} 302You can do editing in insert state. 303 304\metax{go back to vi state}{ESC} 305\metax{delete previous character}{C-h, DEL} 306\key{delete previous word}{C-w} 307\key{delete line word}{C-u} 308\key{indent shiftwidth forward}{C-t} 309\key{indent shiftwidth backward}{C-d} 310\key{delete line word}{C-u} 311\key{quote following character}{C-v} 312\key{emulate Meta key in emacs state}{C-$\backslash$} 313\key{escape to Vi state for one command}{C-z} 314 315\vskip 2mm 316 317{\bf The rest of this card explains commands in {\bf vi state}.} 318 319\section{Getting Information on Viper} 320 321Execute info command by typing \kbd{M-x info} and select menu item 322\kbd{viper}. Also: 323 324\key{describe function attached to the key {\it x}}{$\backslash$ C-h k {\it x}} 325 326\section{Leaving Emacs} 327 328\metax{suspend Emacs}{:st {\rm or} :su} 329\metax{exit Emacs permanently}{C-xC-c} 330\metax{exit current file}{:wq {\rm or} :q} 331 332\shortcopyrightnotice 333 334\section{Error Recovery} 335 336\metax{abort command}{C-c (user level = 1)} 337\metax{abort command}{C-g (user level > 1)} 338\key{redraw messed up screen}{C-l} 339\metax{{\bf recover} after system crash}{:rec file} 340\metax{restore a buffer }{:e!\ {\rm or} M-x revert-buffer} 341 342 343\section{Counts} 344 345Most commands in vi state accept a {\it count} which can be supplied as a 346prefix to the commands. In most cases, if a count is given, the 347command is executed that many times. E.g., \kbd{5 d d} deletes 5 348lines. 349 350\section{Registers} 351 352There are 26 registers (\kbd{a} to \kbd{z}) that can store texts 353and marks. 354You can append a text at the end of a register (say \kbd{x}) by 355specifying the register name in capital letter (say \kbd{X}). 356There are also 9 read only registers (\kbd{1} to \kbd{9}) that store 357up to 9 previous changes. 358We will use {\it x\/} to denote a register. 359\section{Entering Insert Mode} 360 361\key{{\bf insert} at point}{i} 362\key{{\bf append} after cursor}{a} 363\key{{\bf insert} before first non-white}{I} 364\key{{\bf append} at end of line}{A} 365\key{{\bf open} line below}{o} 366\key{{\bf open} line above}{O} 367 368\section{Buffers and Windows} 369 370\key{move cursor to {\bf next} window}{C-x o} 371\key{delete current window}{C-x 0} 372\key{delete other windows}{C-x 1} 373\key{split current window into two windows}{C-x 2} 374\key{{\bf switch} to a buffer in the current window}{C-x {\sl buffer}} 375\metax{{\bf switch} to a buffer in another window}{:n, :b, {\rm or} C-x 4 {\sl buf}} 376\key{{\bf kill} a buffer}{:q! {\rm or} C-x k} 377\key{list existing {\bf buffers}}{:args {\rm or} C-x b} 378 379\section{Files} 380 381\metax{{\bf visit} file in the current window}{v {\sl file} {\rm or} :e {\sl file}} 382\key{{\bf visit} file in another window}{V {\sl file}} 383\key{{\bf visit} file in another frame}{C-v {\sl file}} 384\key{{\bf save} buffer to the associated file}{:w {\rm or} C-xC-s} 385\metax{{\bf write} buffer to a specified file}{:w {\sl file} {\rm or} C-xC-w} 386\metax{{\bf insert} a specified file at point}{:r {\sl file} {\rm or} C-xi} 387\key{{\bf get} information on the current {\bf file}}{C-c g {\rm or} :f} 388\key{run the {\bf directory} editor}{:e RET {\rm or} C-xd} 389 390%\shortcopyrightnotice 391 392\section{Viewing the Buffer} 393 394\key{scroll to next screen}{C-f} 395\key{scroll to previous screen}{C-b} 396\key{scroll {\bf down} half screen}{C-d} 397\key{scroll {\bf up} half screen}{C-u} 398\key{scroll down one line}{C-e} 399\key{scroll up one line}{C-y} 400 401\key{put current line on the {\bf home} line}{z H {\rm or} z RET} 402\key{put current line on the {\bf middle} line}{z M {\rm or} z .} 403\key{put current line on the {\bf last} line}{z L {\rm or} z -} 404 405\section{Marking and Returning} 406 407\key{{\bf mark} point in register {\it x}}{m {\it x}} 408\key{set mark at buffer beginning}{m <} 409\key{set mark at buffer end}{m >} 410\key{set mark at point}{m .} 411\key{jump to mark}{m ,} 412\key{exchange point and mark}{` `} 413\key{... and skip to first non-white on line}{' '} 414\key{go to mark {\it x}}{` {\it x}} 415\key{... and skip to first non-white on line}{' {\it x}} 416\key{view contents of marker {\it x}}{[ {\it x}} 417\key{view contents of register {\it x}}{] {\it x}} 418 419\section{Macros} 420 421Emacs style macros: 422 423\key{start remembering keyboard macro}{C-x (} 424\key{finish remembering keyboard macro}{C-x )} 425\key{call last keyboard macro}{*} 426 427\key{start remembering keyboard macro}{@ \#} 428\key{finish macro and put into register {\it x}}{@ {\it x}} 429\key{execute macro stored in register {\it x}}{@ {\it x}} 430\key{repeat last @{\it x} command}{@ @} 431 432\key{Pull last macro into register {\it x}}{@ ! {\it x}} 433 434Vi-style macros (keys to be hit in quick succession): 435 436\key{define Vi-style macro for Vi state}{:map} 437\key{define Vi-style macro for Insert state}{:map!} 438 439\key{toggle case-sensitive search}{//} 440\key{toggle regular expression search}{///} 441\key{toggle `\%' to ignore parentheses inside comments}{\%\%\%} 442 443 444\section{Motion Commands} 445 446\key{go backward one character}{h {\rm or} C-h} 447\key{go forward one character}{l} 448\metax{next line keeping the column}{j {\rm or} LF {\rm or} C-n} 449\key{previous line keeping the column}{k} 450\metax{next line at first non-white}{+ {\rm or} RET {\rm or} C-p} 451\key{previous line at first non-white}{-} 452 453\key{beginning of line}{0} 454\key{first non-white on line}{^} 455\key{end of line}{\$} 456\key{go to {\it n}-th column on line}{{\it n} |} 457 458\key{go to {\it n}-th line}{{\it n} G} 459\key{go to last line}{G} 460\key{find matching parenthesis for \kbd{()}, \kbd{\{\}} and \kbd{[]}}{\%} 461 462\key{go to {\bf home} window line}{H} 463\key{go to {\bf middle} window line}{M} 464\key{go to {\bf last} window line}{L} 465 466\subsection{Words, Sentences, Paragraphs, Headings} 467 468\key{forward {\bf word}}{w {\rm or} W} 469\key{{\bf backward} word}{b {\rm or} B} 470\key{{\bf end} of word}{e {\rm or} E} 471 472In the case of capital letter commands, a word is delimited by a 473non-white character. 474 475\key{forward sentence}{)} 476\key{backward sentence}{(} 477 478\key{forward paragraph}{\}} 479\key{backward paragraph}{\{} 480 481\key{forward heading}{]]} 482\key{backward heading}{[[} 483\key{end of heading}{[]} 484 485\subsection{Find Characters on the Line} 486 487\key{{\bf find} {\it c} forward on line}{f {\it c}} 488\key{{\bf find} {\it c} backward on line}{F {\it c}} 489\key{up {\bf to} {\it c} forward on line}{t {\it c}} 490\key{up {\bf to} {\it c} backward on line}{T {\it c}} 491\key{repeat previous \kbd{f}, \kbd{F}, \kbd{t} or \kbd{T}}{;} 492\key{... in the opposite direction}{,} 493 494%\newcolumn 495%\title{Viper Quick Reference Card} 496 497\section{Searching and Replacing} 498 499\key{search forward for {\sl pat}}{/ {\sl pat}} 500\key{search backward with previous {\sl pat}}{?\ RET} 501\key{search forward with previous {\sl pat}}{/ RET} 502\key{search backward for {\sl pat}}{?\ {\sl pat}} 503\key{repeat previous search}{n} 504\key{... in the opposite direction}{N} 505 506\key{{\bf query} replace}{Q} 507\key{{\bf replace} a character by another character {\it c}}{r {\it c}} 508\key{{\bf overwrite} {\it n} lines}{{\it n} R} 509 510\metax{{\bf buffer} search (if enabled)}{g {\it move command}} 511 512\section{Modifying Commands} 513 514Most commands that operate on text regions accept the motion commands, 515to describe regions. They also accept the Emacs region specifications 516{\bf r} and {\bf R}. {\bf r} describes the region between {\it point} 517and {\it mark}, and {\bf R} describes whole lines in that region. 518Motion commands are classified into {\it point commands} and 519{\it line commands}. In the case of line commands, whole lines will 520be affected by the command. 521 522The point commands are as follows: 523 524\hskip 5ex 525\kbd{h l 0 ^ \$ w W b B e E ( ) / ?\ ` f F t T \% ; ,} 526 527The line commands are as follows: 528 529\hskip 5ex 530\kbd{j k + - H M L \{ \} G '} 531 532These region specifiers will be referred to as {\it m} below. 533 534\subsection{Delete/Yank/Change Commands} 535 536\paralign to \hsize{#\tabskip=10pt plus 1 fil&#\tabskip=0pt&#\tabskip=0pt&#\cr 537\fourcol{}{{\bf delete}}{{\bf yank}}{{\bf change}} 538\fourcol{region determined by {\it m}}{d {\it m}}{y {\it m}}{c {\it m}} 539\fourcol{... into register {\it x}}{" {\it x\/} d {\it m}}{" {\it x\/} y {\it m}}{" {\it x\/} c {\it m}} 540\fourcol{a line}{d d}{Y {\rm or} y y}{c c} 541\fourcol{current {\bf region}}{d r}{y r}{c r} 542\fourcol{expanded {\bf region}}{d R}{y R}{c R} 543\fourcol{to end of line}{D}{y \$}{c \$} 544\fourcol{a character after point}{x}{y l}{c l} 545\fourcol{a character before point}{DEL}{y h}{c h} 546} 547 548\vskip 2ex 549\key{Overwrite {\it n} lines}{{\it n} R} 550 551\subsection{Put Back Commands} 552 553Deleted/yanked/changed text can be put back by the following commands. 554 555\key{{\bf Put} back at point/above line}{P} 556\key{... from register {\it x}}{" {\it x\/} P} 557\key{{\bf put} back after point/below line}{p} 558\key{... from register {\it x}}{" {\it x\/} p} 559 560\subsection{Repeating and Undoing Modifications} 561 562\key{{\bf undo} last change}{u {\rm or} :und} 563\key{repeat last change}{.\ {\rm (dot)}} 564 565Undo is undoable by \kbd{u} and repeatable by \kbd{.}. 566For example, \kbd{u...} will undo 4 previous changes. 567A \kbd{.} after \kbd{5dd} is equivalent to \kbd{5dd}, 568while \kbd{3.} after \kbd{5dd} is equivalent to \kbd{3dd}. 569 570\section{Miscellaneous Commands} 571 572\endindentedkeys 573 574\paralign to \hsize{#\tabskip=5pt plus 1 fil&#\tabskip=0pt&#\tabskip=0pt&#\tabskip=0pt&#\cr 575\fivecol{}{{\bf shift left}}{{\bf shift right}}{{\bf filter shell command}}{{\bf indent}} 576\fivecol{region}{< {\it m}}{> {\it m}}{!\ {\it m\/} {\sl shell-com}}{= {\it m}} 577\fivecol{line}{< <}{> >}{!\ !\ {\sl shell-com}}{= =} 578} 579 580\key{{\bf join} lines}{J} 581\key{toggle case (takes count)}{\~{}} 582 583\key{view register {\it x}}{] {\it x}} 584\key{view marker {\it x}}{] {\it x}} 585 586\key{lowercase region}{\# c {\it m}} 587\key{uppercase region}{\# C {\it m}} 588\key{execute last keyboard macro on each line in the region}{\# g {\it m}} 589 590\key{insert specified string for each line in the region}{\# q {\it m}} 591\key{check spelling of the words in the region}{\# s {\it m}} 592 593\key{repeat previous ex substitution}{\&} 594\key{change to previous file}{C-^} 595 596\key{Viper Meta key}{_} 597 598\section{Customization} 599 600By default, search is case sensitive. 601You can change this by including the following line in your \kbd{\~{}/.vip} file. 602 603\hskip 5ex 604\kbd{(setq viper-case-fold-search t)} 605 606The following is a subset of the variety of 607options available for customizing Viper. 608See the Viper manual for details on these and other options. 609 610\beginindentedkeys 611 612\paralign to \hsize{#\tabskip=10pt plus 1 fil&#\tabskip=0pt&#\cr 613\twocol{{\bf variable}}{{\bf default value}} 614\twocol{viper-search-wrap-around}{t} 615\twocol{viper-case-fold-search}{nil} 616\twocol{viper-re-search}{t} 617\twocol{viper-re-replace}{t} 618\twocol{viper-re-query-replace}{t} 619\twocol{viper-auto-indent}{nil} 620\twocol{viper-shift-width}{8} 621\twocol{viper-tags-file-name}{"TAGS"} 622\twocol{viper-no-multiple-ESC}{t} 623\twocol{viper-ex-style-motion}{t} 624\twocol{viper-always}{t} 625\twocol{viper-custom-file-name}{"\~{}/.vip"} 626\twocol{ex-find-file-shell}{"csh"} 627\twocol{ex-cycle-other-window}{t} 628\twocol{ex-cycle-through-non-buffers}{t} 629\twocol{blink-matching-paren}{t} 630\twocol{buffer-read-only}{{\it buffer dependent}} 631} 632 633To bind keys in Vi command state, put lines like these in your 634\kbd{\~{}/.vip} file: 635 636\beginexample 637(define-key viper-vi-global-user-map "\\C-v" 'scroll-down) 638(define-key viper-vi-global-user-map "\\C-cm" 'smail) 639\endexample 640 641 642\newcolumn 643 644\title{Ex Commands in Viper} 645 646In vi state, an Ex command is entered by typing: 647 648\hskip 5ex 649\kbd{:\ {\sl ex-command} RET} 650 651\section{Ex Addresses} 652 653\paralign to \hsize{#\tabskip=5pt plus 1 fil&#\tabskip=2pt&#\tabskip=5pt plus 1 fil&#\cr 654\twocolkey{current line}{.}{next line with {\sl pat}}{/ {\sl pat} /} 655\twocolkey{line {\it n}}{{\it n}}{previous line with {\sl pat}}{?\ {\sl pat} ?} 656\twocolkey{last line}{\$}{{\it n\/} line before {\it a}}{{\it a} - {\it n}} 657\twocolkey{next line}{+}{{\it a\/} through {\it b}}{{\it a\/} , {\it b}} 658\twocolkey{previous line}{-}{line marked with {\it x}}{' {\it x}} 659\twocolkey{entire buffer}{\%}{previous context}{' '} 660} 661 662Addresses can be specified in front of a command. 663For example, 664 665\hskip 5ex 666\kbd{:.,.+10m\$} 667 668moves 11 lines below current line to the end of buffer. 669 670\section{Ex Commands} 671 672Avoid Ex text manipulation commands except substitute. 673There are better VI equivalents 674for all of them. Also note that all Ex commands expand \% to 675current file name. To include a \% in the command, escape it with a $\backslash$. 676Similarly, \# is replaced by previous file. For Viper, this is the 677first file in the {\sl :args} listing for that buffer. This defaults 678to the previous file in the VI sense if you have one window. 679Ex commands can be made to have history. See the manual for details. 680 681\subsection{Ex Text Commands} 682 683\endindentedkeys 684 685\key{mark lines matching {\sl pat} and execute {\sl cmds} on these lines}{:g /{\sl pat}/ {\sl cmds}} 686 687\key{mark lines {\it not\/} matching {\sl pat} and execute {\sl cmds} on these lines}{:v /{\sl pat}/ {\sl cmds}} 688 689 690\key{{\bf move} specified lines after {\sl addr}}{:m {\sl addr}} 691\key{{\bf copy} specified lines after {\sl addr}}{:co\rm\ (or \kbd{:t})\ \sl addr} 692\key{{\bf delete} specified lines [into register {\it x\/}]}{:d {\rm [{\it x\/}]}} 693\key{{\bf yank} specified lines [into register {\it x\/}]}{:y {\rm [{\it x\/}]}} 694\key{{\bf put} back text [from register {\it x\/}]}{:pu {\rm [{\it x\/}]}} 695 696\key{{\bf substitute} {\sl repl} for first string on line matching {\sl pat}}{:s /{\sl pat}/{\sl repl}/} 697 698\key{repeat last substitution}{:\&} 699\key{repeat previous substitute with previous search pattern as {\sl pat}}{:\~{}} 700 701\subsection{Ex File and Shell Commands} 702 703\key{{\bf edit} file}{:e {\sl file}} 704\key{reedit messed up current file}{:e!} 705\key{edit previous file}{:e\#} 706\key{{\bf read} in a file}{:r {\sl file}} 707\key{{\bf read} in the output of a shell command}{:r {\sl !command}} 708\key{write out specified lines into {\sl file}}{:w {\sl file}} 709\key{save all modified buffers, ask confirmation}{:W {\sl file}} 710\key{save all modified buffers, no confirmation}{:WW {\sl file}} 711\key{write out specified lines at the end of {\sl file}}{:w>> {\sl file}} 712\key{{\bf write} to the input of a shell command}{:w {\sl !command}} 713\key{write out and then quit}{:wq {\sl file}} 714 715\key{run a sub{\bf shell} in a window}{:sh} 716\key{execute shell command {\sl command}}{:!\ {\sl command}} 717\key{execute previous shell command with {\it args} appended}{:!! {\sl args}} 718 719\subsection{Ex Miscellaneous Commands} 720 721\key{define a macro {\it x} that expands to {\sl cmd}}{:map {\it x} {\sl cmd}} 722\key{remove macro expansion associated with {\it x}}{:unma {\it x}} 723\key{define a macro {\it x} that expands to {\sl cmd} in insert state}{:map!\ {\it x} {\sl cmd}} 724\key{remove macro expansion associated with {\it x} in insert state}{:unma!\ {\it x}} 725 726\key{print line number}{:.=} 727\key{print last line number}{:=} 728\key{print {\bf version} number of Viper}{:ve} 729 730\key{shift specified lines to the right}{:>} 731\key{shift specified lines to the left}{:<} 732 733\key{{\bf join} lines}{:j} 734\key{mark specified line to register {\it x}}{:k {\it x}} 735\key{{\bf set} a variable's value}{:se} 736\key{find first definition of {\bf tag} {\sl tag}}{:ta {\sl tag}} 737 738\key{Current directory}{:pwd} 739 740 741\copyrightnotice 742 743\bye 744 745% Local variables: 746% compile-command: "tex viperCard" 747% End: 748 749% arch-tag: e287b45c-4c5e-4bf9-ae28-ead4cd9f68e3 750