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42<div class="refentry" lang="en">
43<a name="man.dig"></a><div class="titlepage"></div>
44<div class="refnamediv">
45<h2>Name</h2>
46<p>dig &#8212; DNS lookup utility</p>
47</div>
48<div class="refsynopsisdiv">
49<h2>Synopsis</h2>
50<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dig</code>  [@server] [<code class="option">-b <em class="replaceable"><code>address</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-m</code>] [<code class="option">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port#</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-q <em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>type</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-x <em class="replaceable"><code>addr</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-y <em class="replaceable"><code>[<span class="optional">hmac:</span>]name:key</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-4</code>] [<code class="option">-6</code>] [name] [type] [class] [queryopt...]</p></div>
51<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dig</code>  [<code class="option">-h</code>]</p></div>
52<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dig</code>  [global-queryopt...] [query...]</p></div>
53</div>
54<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
55<a name="id2610001"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
56<p><span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>
57      (domain information groper) is a flexible tool
58      for interrogating DNS name servers.  It performs DNS lookups and
59      displays the answers that are returned from the name server(s) that
60      were queried.  Most DNS administrators use <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> to
61      troubleshoot DNS problems because of its flexibility, ease of use and
62      clarity of output.  Other lookup tools tend to have less functionality
63      than <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>.
64    </p>
65<p>
66      Although <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> is normally used with
67      command-line
68      arguments, it also has a batch mode of operation for reading lookup
69      requests from a file.  A brief summary of its command-line arguments
70      and options is printed when the <code class="option">-h</code> option is given.
71      Unlike earlier versions, the BIND 9 implementation of
72      <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> allows multiple lookups to be issued
73      from the
74      command line.
75    </p>
76<p>
77      Unless it is told to query a specific name server,
78      <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> will try each of the servers listed
79      in
80      <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>.
81    </p>
82<p>
83      When no command line arguments or options are given,
84      <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> will perform an NS query for "." (the root).
85    </p>
86<p>
87      It is possible to set per-user defaults for <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> via
88      <code class="filename">${HOME}/.digrc</code>.  This file is read and
89      any options in it
90      are applied before the command line arguments.
91    </p>
92<p>
93      The IN and CH class names overlap with the IN and CH top level
94      domains names.  Either use the <code class="option">-t</code> and
95      <code class="option">-c</code> options to specify the type and class, 
96      use the <code class="option">-q</code> the specify the domain name, or
97      use "IN." and "CH." when looking up these top level domains.
98    </p>
99</div>
100<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
101<a name="id2610096"></a><h2>SIMPLE USAGE</h2>
102<p>
103      A typical invocation of <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> looks like:
104      </p>
105<pre class="programlisting"> dig @server name type </pre>
106<p>
107      where:
108
109      </p>
110<div class="variablelist"><dl>
111<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">server</code></span></dt>
112<dd><p>
113              is the name or IP address of the name server to query.  This can
114              be an IPv4
115              address in dotted-decimal notation or an IPv6
116              address in colon-delimited notation.  When the supplied
117              <em class="parameter"><code>server</code></em> argument is a
118              hostname,
119              <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> resolves that name before
120              querying that name
121              server.  If no <em class="parameter"><code>server</code></em>
122              argument is provided,
123              <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> consults <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>
124              and queries the name servers listed there.  The reply from the
125              name
126              server that responds is displayed.
127            </p></dd>
128<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">name</code></span></dt>
129<dd><p>
130              is the name of the resource record that is to be looked up.
131            </p></dd>
132<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">type</code></span></dt>
133<dd><p>
134              indicates what type of query is required &#8212;
135              ANY, A, MX, SIG, etc.
136              <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> can be any valid query
137              type.  If no
138              <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> argument is supplied,
139              <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> will perform a lookup for an
140              A record.
141            </p></dd>
142</dl></div>
143<p>
144    </p>
145</div>
146<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
147<a name="id2610889"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
148<p>
149      The <code class="option">-b</code> option sets the source IP address of the query
150      to <em class="parameter"><code>address</code></em>.  This must be a valid
151      address on
152      one of the host's network interfaces or "0.0.0.0" or "::".  An optional
153      port
154      may be specified by appending "#&lt;port&gt;"
155    </p>
156<p>
157      The default query class (IN for internet) is overridden by the
158      <code class="option">-c</code> option.  <em class="parameter"><code>class</code></em> is
159      any valid
160      class, such as HS for Hesiod records or CH for Chaosnet records.
161    </p>
162<p>
163      The <code class="option">-f</code> option makes <span><strong class="command">dig </strong></span>
164      operate
165      in batch mode by reading a list of lookup requests to process from the
166      file <em class="parameter"><code>filename</code></em>.  The file contains a
167      number of
168      queries, one per line.  Each entry in the file should be organized in
169      the same way they would be presented as queries to
170      <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> using the command-line interface.
171    </p>
172<p>
173      The <code class="option">-m</code> option enables memory usage debugging.
174      
175    </p>
176<p>
177      If a non-standard port number is to be queried, the
178      <code class="option">-p</code> option is used.  <em class="parameter"><code>port#</code></em> is
179      the port number that <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> will send its
180      queries
181      instead of the standard DNS port number 53.  This option would be used
182      to test a name server that has been configured to listen for queries
183      on a non-standard port number.
184    </p>
185<p>
186      The <code class="option">-4</code> option forces <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>
187      to only
188      use IPv4 query transport.  The <code class="option">-6</code> option forces
189      <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> to only use IPv6 query transport.
190    </p>
191<p>
192      The <code class="option">-t</code> option sets the query type to
193      <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em>.  It can be any valid query type
194      which is
195      supported in BIND 9.  The default query type is "A", unless the
196      <code class="option">-x</code> option is supplied to indicate a reverse lookup.
197      A zone transfer can be requested by specifying a type of AXFR.  When
198      an incremental zone transfer (IXFR) is required,
199      <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> is set to <code class="literal">ixfr=N</code>.
200      The incremental zone transfer will contain the changes made to the zone
201      since the serial number in the zone's SOA record was
202      <em class="parameter"><code>N</code></em>.
203    </p>
204<p>
205      The <code class="option">-q</code> option sets the query name to 
206      <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em>.  This useful do distinguish the
207      <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> from other arguments.
208    </p>
209<p>
210      Reverse lookups &#8212; mapping addresses to names &#8212; are simplified by the
211      <code class="option">-x</code> option.  <em class="parameter"><code>addr</code></em> is
212      an IPv4
213      address in dotted-decimal notation, or a colon-delimited IPv6 address.
214      When this option is used, there is no need to provide the
215      <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em>, <em class="parameter"><code>class</code></em> and
216      <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> arguments.  <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>
217      automatically performs a lookup for a name like
218      <code class="literal">11.12.13.10.in-addr.arpa</code> and sets the
219      query type and
220      class to PTR and IN respectively.  By default, IPv6 addresses are
221      looked up using nibble format under the IP6.ARPA domain.
222      To use the older RFC1886 method using the IP6.INT domain
223      specify the <code class="option">-i</code> option.  Bit string labels (RFC2874)
224      are now experimental and are not attempted.
225    </p>
226<p>
227      To sign the DNS queries sent by <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> and
228      their
229      responses using transaction signatures (TSIG), specify a TSIG key file
230      using the <code class="option">-k</code> option.  You can also specify the TSIG
231      key itself on the command line using the <code class="option">-y</code> option;
232      <em class="parameter"><code>hmac</code></em> is the type of the TSIG, default HMAC-MD5,
233      <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> is the name of the TSIG key and
234      <em class="parameter"><code>key</code></em> is the actual key.  The key is a
235      base-64
236      encoded string, typically generated by
237      <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-keygen</span>(8)</span>.
238
239      Caution should be taken when using the <code class="option">-y</code> option on
240      multi-user systems as the key can be visible in the output from
241      <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">ps</span>(1)</span>
242      or in the shell's history file.  When
243      using TSIG authentication with <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>, the name
244      server that is queried needs to know the key and algorithm that is
245      being used.  In BIND, this is done by providing appropriate
246      <span><strong class="command">key</strong></span> and <span><strong class="command">server</strong></span> statements in
247      <code class="filename">named.conf</code>.
248    </p>
249</div>
250<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
251<a name="id2662636"></a><h2>QUERY OPTIONS</h2>
252<p><span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>
253      provides a number of query options which affect
254      the way in which lookups are made and the results displayed.  Some of
255      these set or reset flag bits in the query header, some determine which
256      sections of the answer get printed, and others determine the timeout
257      and retry strategies.
258    </p>
259<p>
260      Each query option is identified by a keyword preceded by a plus sign
261      (<code class="literal">+</code>).  Some keywords set or reset an
262      option.  These may be preceded
263      by the string <code class="literal">no</code> to negate the meaning of
264      that keyword.  Other
265      keywords assign values to options like the timeout interval.  They
266      have the form <code class="option">+keyword=value</code>.
267      The query options are:
268
269      </p>
270<div class="variablelist"><dl>
271<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]tcp</code></span></dt>
272<dd><p>
273              Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers.  The default
274              behavior is to use UDP unless an AXFR or IXFR query is
275              requested, in
276              which case a TCP connection is used.
277            </p></dd>
278<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]vc</code></span></dt>
279<dd><p>
280              Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers.  This alternate
281              syntax to <em class="parameter"><code>+[no]tcp</code></em> is
282              provided for backwards
283              compatibility.  The "vc" stands for "virtual circuit".
284            </p></dd>
285<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]ignore</code></span></dt>
286<dd><p>
287              Ignore truncation in UDP responses instead of retrying with TCP.
288               By
289              default, TCP retries are performed.
290            </p></dd>
291<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+domain=somename</code></span></dt>
292<dd><p>
293              Set the search list to contain the single domain
294              <em class="parameter"><code>somename</code></em>, as if specified in
295              a
296              <span><strong class="command">domain</strong></span> directive in
297              <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>, and enable
298              search list
299              processing as if the <em class="parameter"><code>+search</code></em>
300              option were given.
301            </p></dd>
302<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]search</code></span></dt>
303<dd><p>
304              Use [do not use] the search list defined by the searchlist or
305              domain
306              directive in <code class="filename">resolv.conf</code> (if
307              any).
308              The search list is not used by default.
309            </p></dd>
310<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]showsearch</code></span></dt>
311<dd><p>
312              Perform [do not perform] a search showing intermediate
313	      results.
314            </p></dd>
315<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]defname</code></span></dt>
316<dd><p>
317              Deprecated, treated as a synonym for <em class="parameter"><code>+[no]search</code></em>
318            </p></dd>
319<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]aaonly</code></span></dt>
320<dd><p>
321              Sets the "aa" flag in the query.
322            </p></dd>
323<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]aaflag</code></span></dt>
324<dd><p>
325              A synonym for <em class="parameter"><code>+[no]aaonly</code></em>.
326            </p></dd>
327<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]adflag</code></span></dt>
328<dd><p>
329	      Set [do not set] the AD (authentic data) bit in the
330	      query.  This requests the server to return whether
331	      all of the answer and authority sections have all
332	      been validated as secure according to the security
333	      policy of the server.  AD=1 indicates that all records
334	      have been validated as secure and the answer is not
335	      from a OPT-OUT range.  AD=0 indicate that some part
336	      of the answer was insecure or not validated.
337	    </p></dd>
338<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]cdflag</code></span></dt>
339<dd><p>
340              Set [do not set] the CD (checking disabled) bit in the query.
341              This
342              requests the server to not perform DNSSEC validation of
343              responses.
344            </p></dd>
345<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]cl</code></span></dt>
346<dd><p>
347              Display [do not display] the CLASS when printing the record.
348            </p></dd>
349<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]ttlid</code></span></dt>
350<dd><p>
351              Display [do not display] the TTL when printing the record.
352            </p></dd>
353<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]recurse</code></span></dt>
354<dd><p>
355              Toggle the setting of the RD (recursion desired) bit in the
356              query.
357              This bit is set by default, which means <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>
358              normally sends recursive queries.  Recursion is automatically
359              disabled
360              when the <em class="parameter"><code>+nssearch</code></em> or
361              <em class="parameter"><code>+trace</code></em> query options are
362              used.
363            </p></dd>
364<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]nssearch</code></span></dt>
365<dd><p>
366              When this option is set, <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>
367              attempts to find the
368              authoritative name servers for the zone containing the name
369              being
370              looked up and display the SOA record that each name server has
371              for the
372              zone.
373            </p></dd>
374<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]trace</code></span></dt>
375<dd><p>
376              Toggle tracing of the delegation path from the root name servers
377              for
378              the name being looked up.  Tracing is disabled by default.  When
379              tracing is enabled, <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> makes
380              iterative queries to
381              resolve the name being looked up.  It will follow referrals from
382              the
383              root servers, showing the answer from each server that was used
384              to
385              resolve the lookup.
386            </p></dd>
387<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]cmd</code></span></dt>
388<dd><p>
389              Toggles the printing of the initial comment in the output
390              identifying
391              the version of <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> and the query
392              options that have
393              been applied.  This comment is printed by default.
394            </p></dd>
395<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]short</code></span></dt>
396<dd><p>
397              Provide a terse answer.  The default is to print the answer in a
398              verbose form.
399            </p></dd>
400<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]identify</code></span></dt>
401<dd><p>
402              Show [or do not show] the IP address and port number that
403              supplied the
404              answer when the <em class="parameter"><code>+short</code></em> option
405              is enabled.  If
406              short form answers are requested, the default is not to show the
407              source address and port number of the server that provided the
408              answer.
409            </p></dd>
410<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]comments</code></span></dt>
411<dd><p>
412              Toggle the display of comment lines in the output.  The default
413              is to
414              print comments.
415            </p></dd>
416<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]stats</code></span></dt>
417<dd><p>
418              This query option toggles the printing of statistics: when the
419              query
420              was made, the size of the reply and so on.  The default
421              behavior is
422              to print the query statistics.
423            </p></dd>
424<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]qr</code></span></dt>
425<dd><p>
426              Print [do not print] the query as it is sent.
427              By default, the query is not printed.
428            </p></dd>
429<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]question</code></span></dt>
430<dd><p>
431              Print [do not print] the question section of a query when an
432              answer is
433              returned.  The default is to print the question section as a
434              comment.
435            </p></dd>
436<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]answer</code></span></dt>
437<dd><p>
438              Display [do not display] the answer section of a reply.  The
439              default
440              is to display it.
441            </p></dd>
442<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]authority</code></span></dt>
443<dd><p>
444              Display [do not display] the authority section of a reply.  The
445              default is to display it.
446            </p></dd>
447<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]additional</code></span></dt>
448<dd><p>
449              Display [do not display] the additional section of a reply.
450              The default is to display it.
451            </p></dd>
452<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]all</code></span></dt>
453<dd><p>
454              Set or clear all display flags.
455            </p></dd>
456<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+time=T</code></span></dt>
457<dd><p>
458
459              Sets the timeout for a query to
460              <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> seconds.  The default
461	      timeout is 5 seconds.
462              An attempt to set <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> to less
463              than 1 will result
464              in a query timeout of 1 second being applied.
465            </p></dd>
466<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+tries=T</code></span></dt>
467<dd><p>
468              Sets the number of times to try UDP queries to server to
469              <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> instead of the default, 3.
470              If
471              <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> is less than or equal to
472              zero, the number of
473              tries is silently rounded up to 1.
474            </p></dd>
475<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+retry=T</code></span></dt>
476<dd><p>
477              Sets the number of times to retry UDP queries to server to
478              <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> instead of the default, 2.
479              Unlike
480              <em class="parameter"><code>+tries</code></em>, this does not include
481              the initial
482              query.
483            </p></dd>
484<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+ndots=D</code></span></dt>
485<dd><p>
486              Set the number of dots that have to appear in
487              <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> to <em class="parameter"><code>D</code></em> for it to be
488              considered absolute.  The default value is that defined using
489              the
490              ndots statement in <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>, or 1 if no
491              ndots statement is present.  Names with fewer dots are
492              interpreted as
493              relative names and will be searched for in the domains listed in
494              the
495              <code class="option">search</code> or <code class="option">domain</code> directive in
496              <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>.
497            </p></dd>
498<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+bufsize=B</code></span></dt>
499<dd><p>
500              Set the UDP message buffer size advertised using EDNS0 to
501              <em class="parameter"><code>B</code></em> bytes.  The maximum and minimum sizes
502	      of this buffer are 65535 and 0 respectively.  Values outside
503	      this range are rounded up or down appropriately.  
504	      Values other than zero will cause a EDNS query to be sent.
505            </p></dd>
506<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+edns=#</code></span></dt>
507<dd><p>
508	       Specify the EDNS version to query with.  Valid values
509	       are 0 to 255.  Setting the EDNS version will cause a
510	       EDNS query to be sent.  <code class="option">+noedns</code> clears the
511	       remembered EDNS version.
512	    </p></dd>
513<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]multiline</code></span></dt>
514<dd><p>
515              Print records like the SOA records in a verbose multi-line
516              format with human-readable comments.  The default is to print
517              each record on a single line, to facilitate machine parsing
518              of the <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> output.
519            </p></dd>
520<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]onesoa</code></span></dt>
521<dd><p>
522	      Print only one (starting) SOA record when performing
523	      an AXFR. The default is to print both the starting and
524	      ending SOA records.
525	    </p></dd>
526<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]fail</code></span></dt>
527<dd><p>
528              Do not try the next server if you receive a SERVFAIL.  The
529              default is
530              to not try the next server which is the reverse of normal stub
531              resolver
532              behavior.
533            </p></dd>
534<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]besteffort</code></span></dt>
535<dd><p>
536              Attempt to display the contents of messages which are malformed.
537              The default is to not display malformed answers.
538            </p></dd>
539<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]dnssec</code></span></dt>
540<dd><p>
541              Requests DNSSEC records be sent by setting the DNSSEC OK bit
542              (DO)
543              in the OPT record in the additional section of the query.
544            </p></dd>
545<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]sigchase</code></span></dt>
546<dd><p>
547              Chase DNSSEC signature chains.  Requires dig be compiled with
548              -DDIG_SIGCHASE.
549            </p></dd>
550<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+trusted-key=####</code></span></dt>
551<dd>
552<p>
553              Specifies a file containing trusted keys to be used with
554	      <code class="option">+sigchase</code>.  Each DNSKEY record must be
555	      on its own line.
556            </p>
557<p>
558	      If not specified, <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> will look for
559	      <code class="filename">/etc/trusted-key.key</code> then
560	      <code class="filename">trusted-key.key</code> in the current directory.
561	    </p>
562<p>
563              Requires dig be compiled with -DDIG_SIGCHASE.
564	    </p>
565</dd>
566<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]topdown</code></span></dt>
567<dd><p>
568              When chasing DNSSEC signature chains perform a top-down
569              validation.
570              Requires dig be compiled with -DDIG_SIGCHASE.
571            </p></dd>
572<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]nsid</code></span></dt>
573<dd><p>
574              Include an EDNS name server ID request when sending a query.
575            </p></dd>
576</dl></div>
577<p>
578
579    </p>
580</div>
581<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
582<a name="id2663651"></a><h2>MULTIPLE QUERIES</h2>
583<p>
584      The BIND 9 implementation of <span><strong class="command">dig </strong></span>
585      supports
586      specifying multiple queries on the command line (in addition to
587      supporting the <code class="option">-f</code> batch file option).  Each of those
588      queries can be supplied with its own set of flags, options and query
589      options.
590    </p>
591<p>
592      In this case, each <em class="parameter"><code>query</code></em> argument
593      represent an
594      individual query in the command-line syntax described above.  Each
595      consists of any of the standard options and flags, the name to be
596      looked up, an optional query type and class and any query options that
597      should be applied to that query.
598    </p>
599<p>
600      A global set of query options, which should be applied to all queries,
601      can also be supplied.  These global query options must precede the
602      first tuple of name, class, type, options, flags, and query options
603      supplied on the command line.  Any global query options (except
604      the <code class="option">+[no]cmd</code> option) can be
605      overridden by a query-specific set of query options.  For example:
606      </p>
607<pre class="programlisting">
608dig +qr www.isc.org any -x 127.0.0.1 isc.org ns +noqr
609</pre>
610<p>
611      shows how <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> could be used from the
612      command line
613      to make three lookups: an ANY query for <code class="literal">www.isc.org</code>, a
614      reverse lookup of 127.0.0.1 and a query for the NS records of
615      <code class="literal">isc.org</code>.
616
617      A global query option of <em class="parameter"><code>+qr</code></em> is
618      applied, so
619      that <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> shows the initial query it made
620      for each
621      lookup.  The final query has a local query option of
622      <em class="parameter"><code>+noqr</code></em> which means that <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>
623      will not print the initial query when it looks up the NS records for
624      <code class="literal">isc.org</code>.
625    </p>
626</div>
627<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
628<a name="id2663804"></a><h2>IDN SUPPORT</h2>
629<p>
630      If <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> has been built with IDN (internationalized
631      domain name) support, it can accept and display non-ASCII domain names.
632      <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> appropriately converts character encoding of
633      domain name before sending a request to DNS server or displaying a
634      reply from the server.
635      If you'd like to turn off the IDN support for some reason, defines
636      the <code class="envar">IDN_DISABLE</code> environment variable.
637      The IDN support is disabled if the variable is set when 
638      <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> runs.
639    </p>
640</div>
641<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
642<a name="id2663833"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
643<p><code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>
644    </p>
645<p><code class="filename">${HOME}/.digrc</code>
646    </p>
647</div>
648<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
649<a name="id2663854"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
650<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">host</span>(1)</span>,
651      <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,
652      <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-keygen</span>(8)</span>,
653      <em class="citetitle">RFC1035</em>.
654    </p>
655</div>
656<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
657<a name="id2663892"></a><h2>BUGS</h2>
658<p>
659      There are probably too many query options.
660    </p>
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