1%&tex 2% 3% Title: GNU Emacs Survival Card 4% Author: Wlodek Bzyl <matwb@univ.gda.pl> 5% 6% $Revision: 1.8 $ 7% $Date: 2000/05/05 22:00:48 $ 8% 9%**start of header 10 11% User interface is `plain.tex' and macros described below 12% 13% \title{CARD TITLE}{for version 21} 14% \section{NAME} 15% optional paragraphs separated with \askip amount of vertical space 16% \key{KEY-NAME} description of key or 17% \mkey{M-x LONG-LISP-NAME} description of Elisp function 18% 19% \kbd{ARG} -- argument is typed literally 20 21\def\plainfmtname{plain} 22\ifx\fmtname\plainfmtname 23\else 24 \errmessage{This file requires `plain' format to be typeset correctly} 25 \endinput 26\fi 27 28% Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 29% 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 30 31% This file is part of GNU Emacs. 32 33% GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 34% it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 35% the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) 36% any later version. 37 38% GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 39% but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 40% MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 41% GNU General Public License for more details. 42 43% You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 44% along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to 45% the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, 46% Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. 47 48\def\versionnumber{1.0} 49\def\versionemacs{21} 50\def\year{2007} % latest copyright year 51 52\def\copyrightnotice{\penalty-1\vfill 53 \vbox{\smallfont\baselineskip=0.8\baselineskip\raggedcenter 54 Copyright \year\ Free Software Foundation, Inc.\break 55 Version \versionnumber{} for GNU Emacs \versionemacs, April 2000\break 56 Project W{\l}odek Bzyl (matwb@univ.gda.pl) 57 58 Permission is granted to make and distribute copies of 59 this card provided the copyright notice and this permission notice 60 are preserved on all copies.\par}} 61 62\hsize 3.2in 63\vsize 7.95in 64\font\titlefont=cmss10 scaled 1200 65\font\headingfont=cmss10 66\font\smallfont=cmr6 67\font\smallsy=cmsy6 68\font\eightrm=cmr8 69\font\eightbf=cmbx8 70\font\eightit=cmti8 71\font\eighttt=cmtt8 72\font\eightmi=cmmi8 73\font\eightsy=cmsy8 74\font\eightss=cmss8 75\textfont0=\eightrm 76\textfont1=\eightmi 77\textfont2=\eightsy 78\def\rm{\eightrm} \rm 79\def\bf{\eightbf} 80\def\it{\eightit} 81\def\tt{\eighttt} 82\def\ss{\eightss} 83\baselineskip=0.8\baselineskip 84 85\newdimen\intercolumnskip % horizontal space between columns 86\intercolumnskip=0.5in 87 88% The TeXbook, p. 257 89\let\lr=L \newbox\leftcolumn 90\output={\if L\lr 91 \global\setbox\leftcolumn\columnbox \global\let\lr=R 92 \else 93 \doubleformat \global\let\lr=L\fi} 94\def\doubleformat{\shipout\vbox{\makeheadline 95 \leftline{\box\leftcolumn\hskip\intercolumnskip\columnbox} 96 \makefootline} 97 \advancepageno} 98\def\columnbox{\leftline{\pagebody}} 99 100\def\newcolumn{\vfil\eject} 101 102\def\bye{\par\vfil\supereject 103 \if R\lr \null\vfil\eject\fi 104 \end} 105 106\outer\def\title#1#2{{\titlefont\centerline{#1}}\vskip 1ex plus 0.5ex 107 \centerline{\ss#2} 108 \vskip2\baselineskip} 109 110\outer\def\section#1{\filbreak 111 \bskip 112 \leftline{\headingfont #1} 113 \askip} 114\def\bskip{\vskip 2.5ex plus 0.25ex } 115\def\askip{\vskip 0.75ex plus 0.25ex} 116 117\newdimen\defwidth \defwidth=0.25\hsize 118\def\hang{\hangindent\defwidth} 119 120\def\textindent#1{\noindent\llap{\hbox to \defwidth{\tt#1\hfil}}\ignorespaces} 121\def\key{\par\hangafter=0\hang\textindent} 122 123\def\mtextindent#1{\noindent\hbox{\tt#1\quad}\ignorespaces} 124\def\mkey{\par\hangafter=1\hang\mtextindent} 125 126\def\kbd#{\bgroup\tt \let\next= } 127 128\newdimen\raggedstretch 129\newskip\raggedparfill \raggedparfill=0pt plus 1fil 130\def\nohyphens 131 {\hyphenpenalty10000\exhyphenpenalty10000\pretolerance10000} 132\def\raggedspaces 133 {\spaceskip=0.3333em\relax 134 \xspaceskip=0.5em\relax} 135\def\raggedright 136 {\raggedstretch=6em 137 \nohyphens 138 \rightskip=0pt plus \raggedstretch 139 \raggedspaces 140 \parfillskip=\raggedparfill 141 \relax} 142\def\raggedcenter 143 {\raggedstretch=6em 144 \nohyphens 145 \rightskip=0pt plus \raggedstretch 146 \leftskip=\rightskip 147 \raggedspaces 148 \parfillskip=0pt 149 \relax} 150 151\chardef\\=`\\ 152 153\raggedright 154\nopagenumbers 155\parindent 0pt 156\interlinepenalty=10000 157\hoffset -0.2in 158%\voffset 0.2in 159 160%**end of header 161 162 163\title{GNU\ \ Emacs\ \ Survival\ \ Card}{for version \versionemacs} 164 165In the following, \kbd{C-z} means hit the `\kbd{z}' key while 166holding down the {\it Ctrl}\ \ key. \kbd{M-z} means hit the 167`\kbd{z}' key while hitting the {\it Meta\/} (labeled {\it Alt\/} 168on some keyboards) or after hitting {\it Esc\/} key. 169 170\section{Running Emacs} 171 172To enter GNU Emacs, just type its name: \kbd{emacs}. 173Emacs divides the frame into several areas: 174 menu line, 175 buffer area with the edited text, 176 mode line describing the buffer in the window above it, 177 and a minibuffer/echo area in the last line. 178\askip 179\key{C-x C-c} quit Emacs 180\key{C-x C-f} edit file; this command uses the minibuffer to read 181 the file name; use this to create new files by entering the name 182 of the new file 183\key{C-x C-s} save the file 184\key{C-x k} kill a buffer 185\key{C-g} in most context: cancel, stop, abort partially typed or 186 executing command 187\key{C-x u} undo 188 189\section{Moving About} 190 191\key{C-l} scroll current line to center of window 192\key{C-x b} switch to another buffer 193\key{M-<} move to beginning of buffer 194\key{M->} move to end of buffer 195\key{M-x goto-line} go to a given line number 196 197\section{Multiple Windows} 198 199\key{C-x 0} remove the current window from the display 200\key{C-x 1} make active window the only window 201\key{C-x 2} split window horizontally 202\key{C-x 3} split window vertically 203\key{C-x o} move to other window 204 205\section{Regions} 206 207Emacs defines a `region' as the space between the {\it mark\/} and 208the {\it point}. A mark is set with \kbd{C-{\it space}}. 209The point is at the cursor position. 210\askip 211\key{M-h} mark entire paragraph 212\key{C-x h} mark entire buffer 213 214\section{Killing and Copying} 215 216\key{C-w} kill region 217\key{M-w} copy region to kill-ring 218\key{C-k} kill from the cursor all the way to the end of the line 219\key{M-DEL} kill word 220\key{C-y} yank back the last kill (\kbd{C-w C-y} combination could be 221 used to move text around) 222\key{M-y} replace last yank with previous kill 223 224\section{Searching} 225 226\key{C-s} search for a string 227\key{C-r} search for a string backwards 228\key{RET} quit searching 229\key{M-C-s} regular expression search 230\key{M-C-r} reverse regular expression search 231\askip 232Use \kbd{C-s} or \kbd{C-r} again to repeat the search in either direction. 233 234\section{Tags} 235 236Tags tables files record locations of function and 237procedure definitions, global variables, data types and anything 238else convenient. To create a tags table file, type 239`{\tt etags} {\it input\_files}' as a shell command. 240\askip 241\key{M-.} find a definition 242\key{C-u M-.} find next occurrence of definition 243\key{M-*} pop back to where \kbd{M-.} was last invoked 244\mkey{M-x tags-query-replace} run query-replace on all files 245 recorded in tags table 246\key{M-,} continue last tags search or query-replace 247 248\section{Compiling} 249 250\key{M-x compile} compile code in active window 251\key{C-c C-c} go to the next compiler error, when in 252 the compile window or 253\key{C-x `} when in the window with source code 254 255\section{Dired, the Directory Editor} 256 257\key{C-x d} invoke Dired 258\key{d} flag this file for deletion 259\key{\~{}} flag all backup files for deletion 260\key{u} remove deletion flag 261\key{x} delete the files flagged for deletion 262\key{C} copy file 263\key{g} update the Dired buffer 264\key{f} visit the file described on the current line 265\key{s} switch between alphabetical date/time order 266 267\section{Reading and Sending Mail} 268 269\key{M-x rmail} start reading mail 270\key{q} quit reading mail 271\key{h} show headers 272\key{d} mark the current message for deletion 273\key{x} remove all messages marked for deletion 274 275\key{C-x m} begin composing a message 276\key{C-c C-c} send the message and switch to another buffer 277\key{C-c C-f C-c} move to the `CC' header field, creating one 278 if there is none 279 280\section{Miscellaneous} 281 282\key{M-q} fill paragraph 283\key{M-/} expand previous word dynamically 284\key{C-z} iconify (suspend) Emacs when running it under X or 285 shell, respectively 286\mkey{M-x revert-buffer} replace the text being edited with the 287 text of the file on disk 288 289\section{Query Replace} 290 291\key{M-\%} interactively search and replace 292\key{M-C-\%} using regular expressions 293\askip 294Valid responses in query-replace mode are 295\askip 296\key{SPC} replace this one, go on to next 297\key{,} replace this one, don't move 298\key{DEL} skip to next without replacing 299\key{!} replace all remaining matches 300\key{\^{}} back up to the previous match 301\key{RET} exit query-replace 302\key{C-r} enter recursive edit (\kbd{M-C-c} to exit) 303 304\section{Regular Expressions} 305 306\key{. {\rm(dot)}} any single character except a newline 307\key{*} zero or more repeats 308\key{+} one or more repeats 309\key{?} zero or one repeat 310\key{[$\ldots$]} denotes a class of character to match 311\key{[\^{}$\ldots$]} negates the class 312 313\key{\\{\it c}} quote characters otherwise having a special 314 meaning in regular expressions 315 316\key{$\ldots$\\|$\ldots$\\|$\ldots$} matches one of 317 the alternatives (``or'') 318\key{\\( $\ldots$ \\)} groups a series of pattern elements to 319 a single element 320\key{\\{\it n}} same text as {\it n\/}th group 321 322\key{\^{}} matches at line beginning 323\key{\$} matches at line end 324 325\key{\\w} matches word-syntax character 326\key{\\W} matches non-word-syntax character 327\key{\\<} matches at word beginning 328\key{\\>} matches at word end 329\key{\\b} matches at word break 330\key{\\B} matches at non-word break 331 332\section{Registers} 333 334\key{C-x r s} save region in register 335\key{C-x r i} insert register contents into buffer 336 337\key{C-x r SPC} save value of point in register 338\key{C-x r j} jump to point saved in register 339 340\section{Rectangles} 341 342\key{C-x r r} copy rectangle to register 343\key{C-x r k} kill rectangle 344\key{C-x r y} yank rectangle 345\key{C-x r t} prefix each line with a string 346 347\key{C-x r o} open rectangle, shifting text right 348\key{C-x r c} blank out rectangle 349 350\section{Shells} 351 352\key{M-x shell} start a shell within Emacs 353\key{M-!} execute a shell command 354\key{M-|} run a shell command on the region 355\key{C-u M-|} filter region through a shell command 356 357\section{Spelling Check} 358 359\key{M-\$} check spelling of word at the cursor 360\mkey{M-x ispell-region} check spelling of all words in region 361\mkey{M-x ispell-buffer} check spelling of entire buffer 362 363\section{International Character Sets} 364 365\key{C-x RET C-\\} select and activate input method for 366 the current buffer 367\key{C-\\} enable or disable input method 368\mkey{M-x list-input-methods} show all input methods 369\mkey{M-x set-language-environment} specify principal language 370 371\key{C-x RET c} set coding system for next command 372\mkey{M-x find-file-literally} visit file with no conversion 373 of any kind 374 375\mkey{M-x list-coding-systems} show all coding systems 376\mkey{M-x prefer-coding-system} choose preferred coding system 377 378\section{Keyboard Macros} 379 380\key{C-x (} start defining a keyboard macro 381\key{C-x )} end keyboard macro definition 382\key{C-x e} execute last-defined keyboard macro 383\key{C-u C-x (} append to last keyboard macro 384\mkey{M-x name-last-kbd-macro} name last keyboard macro 385 386\section{Simple Customization} 387 388\key{M-x customize} customize variables and faces 389 390\section{Getting Help} 391 392Emacs does command completion for you. Typing \kbd{M-x} 393{\it tab\/} or {\it space\/} gives a list of Emacs commands. 394\askip 395\key{C-h} Emacs help 396\key{C-h t} run the Emacs tutorial 397\key{C-h i} enter Info, the documentation browser 398\key{C-h a} show commands matching a string (apropos) 399\key{C-h k} display documentation of the function invoked by 400 keystroke 401\askip 402Emacs gets into different {\it modes}, each of which customizes 403Emacs for editing text of a particular sort. The mode line 404contains names of the current modes, in parentheses. 405\askip 406\key{C-h m} get mode-specific information 407 408\copyrightnotice 409 410\bye 411 412% Local variables: 413% compile-command: "tex survival" 414% End: 415 416% arch-tag: 4f9a0562-617b-4843-aee1-450c41d6b22c 417