Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
must display the following acknowledgement:
This product includes software developed by the University of
California, Berkeley and its contributors.
4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
without specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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@(#)byteorder.3 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
$FreeBSD: src/lib/libc/net/byteorder.3,v 1.8 2001/10/01 16:08:55 ru Exp $
.Dd June 4, 1993 .Dt BYTEORDER 3 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm htonl , .Nm htons , .Nm ntohl , .Nm ntohs .Nd convert values between host and network byte order .Sh LIBRARY .Lb libc .Sh SYNOPSIS n arpa/inet.h .Ft uint32_t .Fn htonl "uint32_t hostlong" .Ft uint16_t .Fn htons "uint16_t hostshort" .Ft uint32_t .Fn ntohl "uint32_t netlong" .Ft uint16_t .Fn ntohs "uint16_t netshort" .Sh DESCRIPTION These routines convert 16 and 32 bit quantities between network byte order and host byte order. (Network byte order is big endian, or most significant byte first.) On machines which have a byte order which is the same as the network order, routines are defined as null macros.
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
are met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
must display the following acknowledgement:
This product includes software developed by the University of
California, Berkeley and its contributors.
4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
without specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
SUCH DAMAGE.
@(#)byteorder.3 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
$FreeBSD: src/lib/libc/net/byteorder.3,v 1.8 2001/10/01 16:08:55 ru Exp $
.Dd June 4, 1993 .Dt BYTEORDER 3 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm htonl , .Nm htons , .Nm ntohl , .Nm ntohs .Nd convert values between host and network byte order .Sh LIBRARY .Lb libc .Sh SYNOPSIS n arpa/inet.h .Ft uint32_t .Fn htonl "uint32_t hostlong" .Ft uint16_t .Fn htons "uint16_t hostshort" .Ft uint32_t .Fn ntohl "uint32_t netlong" .Ft uint16_t .Fn ntohs "uint16_t netshort" .Sh DESCRIPTION These routines convert 16 and 32 bit quantities between network byte order and host byte order. (Network byte order is big endian, or most significant byte first.) On machines which have a byte order which is the same as the network order, routines are defined as null macros.
p These routines are most often used in conjunction with Internet addresses and ports as returned by .Xr gethostbyname 3 and .Xr getservent 3 . .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr gethostbyname 3 , .Xr getservent 3 .Sh STANDARDS The .Nm byteorder functions are expected to conform with IEEE Std POSIX.1-200x
q Dq POSIX.1 . .Sh HISTORY The .Nm byteorder functions appeared in x 4.2 . .Sh BUGS On the .Tn VAX bytes are handled backwards from most everyone else in the world. This is not expected to be fixed in the near future.