1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2/*
3 *  linux/kernel/panic.c
4 *
5 *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
6 */
7
8/*
9 * This function is used through-out the kernel (including mm and fs)
10 * to indicate a major problem.
11 */
12#include <linux/debug_locks.h>
13#include <linux/sched/debug.h>
14#include <linux/interrupt.h>
15#include <linux/kgdb.h>
16#include <linux/kmsg_dump.h>
17#include <linux/kallsyms.h>
18#include <linux/notifier.h>
19#include <linux/vt_kern.h>
20#include <linux/module.h>
21#include <linux/random.h>
22#include <linux/ftrace.h>
23#include <linux/reboot.h>
24#include <linux/delay.h>
25#include <linux/kexec.h>
26#include <linux/panic_notifier.h>
27#include <linux/sched.h>
28#include <linux/string_helpers.h>
29#include <linux/sysrq.h>
30#include <linux/init.h>
31#include <linux/nmi.h>
32#include <linux/console.h>
33#include <linux/bug.h>
34#include <linux/ratelimit.h>
35#include <linux/debugfs.h>
36#include <linux/sysfs.h>
37#include <linux/context_tracking.h>
38#include <trace/events/error_report.h>
39#include <asm/sections.h>
40
41#define PANIC_TIMER_STEP 100
42#define PANIC_BLINK_SPD 18
43
44#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
45/*
46 * Should we dump all CPUs backtraces in an oops event?
47 * Defaults to 0, can be changed via sysctl.
48 */
49static unsigned int __read_mostly sysctl_oops_all_cpu_backtrace;
50#else
51#define sysctl_oops_all_cpu_backtrace 0
52#endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
53
54int panic_on_oops = CONFIG_PANIC_ON_OOPS_VALUE;
55static unsigned long tainted_mask =
56	IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RANDSTRUCT) ? (1 << TAINT_RANDSTRUCT) : 0;
57static int pause_on_oops;
58static int pause_on_oops_flag;
59static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(pause_on_oops_lock);
60bool crash_kexec_post_notifiers;
61int panic_on_warn __read_mostly;
62unsigned long panic_on_taint;
63bool panic_on_taint_nousertaint = false;
64static unsigned int warn_limit __read_mostly;
65
66int panic_timeout = CONFIG_PANIC_TIMEOUT;
67EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(panic_timeout);
68
69#define PANIC_PRINT_TASK_INFO		0x00000001
70#define PANIC_PRINT_MEM_INFO		0x00000002
71#define PANIC_PRINT_TIMER_INFO		0x00000004
72#define PANIC_PRINT_LOCK_INFO		0x00000008
73#define PANIC_PRINT_FTRACE_INFO		0x00000010
74#define PANIC_PRINT_ALL_PRINTK_MSG	0x00000020
75#define PANIC_PRINT_ALL_CPU_BT		0x00000040
76#define PANIC_PRINT_BLOCKED_TASKS	0x00000080
77unsigned long panic_print;
78
79ATOMIC_NOTIFIER_HEAD(panic_notifier_list);
80
81EXPORT_SYMBOL(panic_notifier_list);
82
83#ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
84static struct ctl_table kern_panic_table[] = {
85#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
86	{
87		.procname       = "oops_all_cpu_backtrace",
88		.data           = &sysctl_oops_all_cpu_backtrace,
89		.maxlen         = sizeof(int),
90		.mode           = 0644,
91		.proc_handler   = proc_dointvec_minmax,
92		.extra1         = SYSCTL_ZERO,
93		.extra2         = SYSCTL_ONE,
94	},
95#endif
96	{
97		.procname       = "warn_limit",
98		.data           = &warn_limit,
99		.maxlen         = sizeof(warn_limit),
100		.mode           = 0644,
101		.proc_handler   = proc_douintvec,
102	},
103	{ }
104};
105
106static __init int kernel_panic_sysctls_init(void)
107{
108	register_sysctl_init("kernel", kern_panic_table);
109	return 0;
110}
111late_initcall(kernel_panic_sysctls_init);
112#endif
113
114static atomic_t warn_count = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
115
116#ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
117static ssize_t warn_count_show(struct kobject *kobj, struct kobj_attribute *attr,
118			       char *page)
119{
120	return sysfs_emit(page, "%d\n", atomic_read(&warn_count));
121}
122
123static struct kobj_attribute warn_count_attr = __ATTR_RO(warn_count);
124
125static __init int kernel_panic_sysfs_init(void)
126{
127	sysfs_add_file_to_group(kernel_kobj, &warn_count_attr.attr, NULL);
128	return 0;
129}
130late_initcall(kernel_panic_sysfs_init);
131#endif
132
133static long no_blink(int state)
134{
135	return 0;
136}
137
138/* Returns how long it waited in ms */
139long (*panic_blink)(int state);
140EXPORT_SYMBOL(panic_blink);
141
142/*
143 * Stop ourself in panic -- architecture code may override this
144 */
145void __weak __noreturn panic_smp_self_stop(void)
146{
147	while (1)
148		cpu_relax();
149}
150
151/*
152 * Stop ourselves in NMI context if another CPU has already panicked. Arch code
153 * may override this to prepare for crash dumping, e.g. save regs info.
154 */
155void __weak __noreturn nmi_panic_self_stop(struct pt_regs *regs)
156{
157	panic_smp_self_stop();
158}
159
160/*
161 * Stop other CPUs in panic.  Architecture dependent code may override this
162 * with more suitable version.  For example, if the architecture supports
163 * crash dump, it should save registers of each stopped CPU and disable
164 * per-CPU features such as virtualization extensions.
165 */
166void __weak crash_smp_send_stop(void)
167{
168	static int cpus_stopped;
169
170	/*
171	 * This function can be called twice in panic path, but obviously
172	 * we execute this only once.
173	 */
174	if (cpus_stopped)
175		return;
176
177	/*
178	 * Note smp_send_stop is the usual smp shutdown function, which
179	 * unfortunately means it may not be hardened to work in a panic
180	 * situation.
181	 */
182	smp_send_stop();
183	cpus_stopped = 1;
184}
185
186atomic_t panic_cpu = ATOMIC_INIT(PANIC_CPU_INVALID);
187
188/*
189 * A variant of panic() called from NMI context. We return if we've already
190 * panicked on this CPU. If another CPU already panicked, loop in
191 * nmi_panic_self_stop() which can provide architecture dependent code such
192 * as saving register state for crash dump.
193 */
194void nmi_panic(struct pt_regs *regs, const char *msg)
195{
196	int old_cpu, this_cpu;
197
198	old_cpu = PANIC_CPU_INVALID;
199	this_cpu = raw_smp_processor_id();
200
201	/* atomic_try_cmpxchg updates old_cpu on failure */
202	if (atomic_try_cmpxchg(&panic_cpu, &old_cpu, this_cpu))
203		panic("%s", msg);
204	else if (old_cpu != this_cpu)
205		nmi_panic_self_stop(regs);
206}
207EXPORT_SYMBOL(nmi_panic);
208
209static void panic_print_sys_info(bool console_flush)
210{
211	if (console_flush) {
212		if (panic_print & PANIC_PRINT_ALL_PRINTK_MSG)
213			console_flush_on_panic(CONSOLE_REPLAY_ALL);
214		return;
215	}
216
217	if (panic_print & PANIC_PRINT_TASK_INFO)
218		show_state();
219
220	if (panic_print & PANIC_PRINT_MEM_INFO)
221		show_mem();
222
223	if (panic_print & PANIC_PRINT_TIMER_INFO)
224		sysrq_timer_list_show();
225
226	if (panic_print & PANIC_PRINT_LOCK_INFO)
227		debug_show_all_locks();
228
229	if (panic_print & PANIC_PRINT_FTRACE_INFO)
230		ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
231
232	if (panic_print & PANIC_PRINT_BLOCKED_TASKS)
233		show_state_filter(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
234}
235
236void check_panic_on_warn(const char *origin)
237{
238	unsigned int limit;
239
240	if (panic_on_warn)
241		panic("%s: panic_on_warn set ...\n", origin);
242
243	limit = READ_ONCE(warn_limit);
244	if (atomic_inc_return(&warn_count) >= limit && limit)
245		panic("%s: system warned too often (kernel.warn_limit is %d)",
246		      origin, limit);
247}
248
249/*
250 * Helper that triggers the NMI backtrace (if set in panic_print)
251 * and then performs the secondary CPUs shutdown - we cannot have
252 * the NMI backtrace after the CPUs are off!
253 */
254static void panic_other_cpus_shutdown(bool crash_kexec)
255{
256	if (panic_print & PANIC_PRINT_ALL_CPU_BT)
257		trigger_all_cpu_backtrace();
258
259	/*
260	 * Note that smp_send_stop() is the usual SMP shutdown function,
261	 * which unfortunately may not be hardened to work in a panic
262	 * situation. If we want to do crash dump after notifier calls
263	 * and kmsg_dump, we will need architecture dependent extra
264	 * bits in addition to stopping other CPUs, hence we rely on
265	 * crash_smp_send_stop() for that.
266	 */
267	if (!crash_kexec)
268		smp_send_stop();
269	else
270		crash_smp_send_stop();
271}
272
273/**
274 *	panic - halt the system
275 *	@fmt: The text string to print
276 *
277 *	Display a message, then perform cleanups.
278 *
279 *	This function never returns.
280 */
281void panic(const char *fmt, ...)
282{
283	static char buf[1024];
284	va_list args;
285	long i, i_next = 0, len;
286	int state = 0;
287	int old_cpu, this_cpu;
288	bool _crash_kexec_post_notifiers = crash_kexec_post_notifiers;
289
290	if (panic_on_warn) {
291		/*
292		 * This thread may hit another WARN() in the panic path.
293		 * Resetting this prevents additional WARN() from panicking the
294		 * system on this thread.  Other threads are blocked by the
295		 * panic_mutex in panic().
296		 */
297		panic_on_warn = 0;
298	}
299
300	/*
301	 * Disable local interrupts. This will prevent panic_smp_self_stop
302	 * from deadlocking the first cpu that invokes the panic, since
303	 * there is nothing to prevent an interrupt handler (that runs
304	 * after setting panic_cpu) from invoking panic() again.
305	 */
306	local_irq_disable();
307	preempt_disable_notrace();
308
309	/*
310	 * It's possible to come here directly from a panic-assertion and
311	 * not have preempt disabled. Some functions called from here want
312	 * preempt to be disabled. No point enabling it later though...
313	 *
314	 * Only one CPU is allowed to execute the panic code from here. For
315	 * multiple parallel invocations of panic, all other CPUs either
316	 * stop themself or will wait until they are stopped by the 1st CPU
317	 * with smp_send_stop().
318	 *
319	 * cmpxchg success means this is the 1st CPU which comes here,
320	 * so go ahead.
321	 * `old_cpu == this_cpu' means we came from nmi_panic() which sets
322	 * panic_cpu to this CPU.  In this case, this is also the 1st CPU.
323	 */
324	old_cpu = PANIC_CPU_INVALID;
325	this_cpu = raw_smp_processor_id();
326
327	/* atomic_try_cmpxchg updates old_cpu on failure */
328	if (atomic_try_cmpxchg(&panic_cpu, &old_cpu, this_cpu)) {
329		/* go ahead */
330	} else if (old_cpu != this_cpu)
331		panic_smp_self_stop();
332
333	console_verbose();
334	bust_spinlocks(1);
335	va_start(args, fmt);
336	len = vscnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, args);
337	va_end(args);
338
339	if (len && buf[len - 1] == '\n')
340		buf[len - 1] = '\0';
341
342	pr_emerg("Kernel panic - not syncing: %s\n", buf);
343#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_BUGVERBOSE
344	/*
345	 * Avoid nested stack-dumping if a panic occurs during oops processing
346	 */
347	if (!test_taint(TAINT_DIE) && oops_in_progress <= 1)
348		dump_stack();
349#endif
350
351	/*
352	 * If kgdb is enabled, give it a chance to run before we stop all
353	 * the other CPUs or else we won't be able to debug processes left
354	 * running on them.
355	 */
356	kgdb_panic(buf);
357
358	/*
359	 * If we have crashed and we have a crash kernel loaded let it handle
360	 * everything else.
361	 * If we want to run this after calling panic_notifiers, pass
362	 * the "crash_kexec_post_notifiers" option to the kernel.
363	 *
364	 * Bypass the panic_cpu check and call __crash_kexec directly.
365	 */
366	if (!_crash_kexec_post_notifiers)
367		__crash_kexec(NULL);
368
369	panic_other_cpus_shutdown(_crash_kexec_post_notifiers);
370
371	/*
372	 * Run any panic handlers, including those that might need to
373	 * add information to the kmsg dump output.
374	 */
375	atomic_notifier_call_chain(&panic_notifier_list, 0, buf);
376
377	panic_print_sys_info(false);
378
379	kmsg_dump(KMSG_DUMP_PANIC);
380
381	/*
382	 * If you doubt kdump always works fine in any situation,
383	 * "crash_kexec_post_notifiers" offers you a chance to run
384	 * panic_notifiers and dumping kmsg before kdump.
385	 * Note: since some panic_notifiers can make crashed kernel
386	 * more unstable, it can increase risks of the kdump failure too.
387	 *
388	 * Bypass the panic_cpu check and call __crash_kexec directly.
389	 */
390	if (_crash_kexec_post_notifiers)
391		__crash_kexec(NULL);
392
393	console_unblank();
394
395	/*
396	 * We may have ended up stopping the CPU holding the lock (in
397	 * smp_send_stop()) while still having some valuable data in the console
398	 * buffer.  Try to acquire the lock then release it regardless of the
399	 * result.  The release will also print the buffers out.  Locks debug
400	 * should be disabled to avoid reporting bad unlock balance when
401	 * panic() is not being callled from OOPS.
402	 */
403	debug_locks_off();
404	console_flush_on_panic(CONSOLE_FLUSH_PENDING);
405
406	panic_print_sys_info(true);
407
408	if (!panic_blink)
409		panic_blink = no_blink;
410
411	if (panic_timeout > 0) {
412		/*
413		 * Delay timeout seconds before rebooting the machine.
414		 * We can't use the "normal" timers since we just panicked.
415		 */
416		pr_emerg("Rebooting in %d seconds..\n", panic_timeout);
417
418		for (i = 0; i < panic_timeout * 1000; i += PANIC_TIMER_STEP) {
419			touch_nmi_watchdog();
420			if (i >= i_next) {
421				i += panic_blink(state ^= 1);
422				i_next = i + 3600 / PANIC_BLINK_SPD;
423			}
424			mdelay(PANIC_TIMER_STEP);
425		}
426	}
427	if (panic_timeout != 0) {
428		/*
429		 * This will not be a clean reboot, with everything
430		 * shutting down.  But if there is a chance of
431		 * rebooting the system it will be rebooted.
432		 */
433		if (panic_reboot_mode != REBOOT_UNDEFINED)
434			reboot_mode = panic_reboot_mode;
435		emergency_restart();
436	}
437#ifdef __sparc__
438	{
439		extern int stop_a_enabled;
440		/* Make sure the user can actually press Stop-A (L1-A) */
441		stop_a_enabled = 1;
442		pr_emerg("Press Stop-A (L1-A) from sun keyboard or send break\n"
443			 "twice on console to return to the boot prom\n");
444	}
445#endif
446#if defined(CONFIG_S390)
447	disabled_wait();
448#endif
449	pr_emerg("---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: %s ]---\n", buf);
450
451	/* Do not scroll important messages printed above */
452	suppress_printk = 1;
453
454	/*
455	 * The final messages may not have been printed if in a context that
456	 * defers printing (such as NMI) and irq_work is not available.
457	 * Explicitly flush the kernel log buffer one last time.
458	 */
459	console_flush_on_panic(CONSOLE_FLUSH_PENDING);
460
461	local_irq_enable();
462	for (i = 0; ; i += PANIC_TIMER_STEP) {
463		touch_softlockup_watchdog();
464		if (i >= i_next) {
465			i += panic_blink(state ^= 1);
466			i_next = i + 3600 / PANIC_BLINK_SPD;
467		}
468		mdelay(PANIC_TIMER_STEP);
469	}
470}
471
472EXPORT_SYMBOL(panic);
473
474/*
475 * TAINT_FORCED_RMMOD could be a per-module flag but the module
476 * is being removed anyway.
477 */
478const struct taint_flag taint_flags[TAINT_FLAGS_COUNT] = {
479	[ TAINT_PROPRIETARY_MODULE ]	= { 'P', 'G', true },
480	[ TAINT_FORCED_MODULE ]		= { 'F', ' ', true },
481	[ TAINT_CPU_OUT_OF_SPEC ]	= { 'S', ' ', false },
482	[ TAINT_FORCED_RMMOD ]		= { 'R', ' ', false },
483	[ TAINT_MACHINE_CHECK ]		= { 'M', ' ', false },
484	[ TAINT_BAD_PAGE ]		= { 'B', ' ', false },
485	[ TAINT_USER ]			= { 'U', ' ', false },
486	[ TAINT_DIE ]			= { 'D', ' ', false },
487	[ TAINT_OVERRIDDEN_ACPI_TABLE ]	= { 'A', ' ', false },
488	[ TAINT_WARN ]			= { 'W', ' ', false },
489	[ TAINT_CRAP ]			= { 'C', ' ', true },
490	[ TAINT_FIRMWARE_WORKAROUND ]	= { 'I', ' ', false },
491	[ TAINT_OOT_MODULE ]		= { 'O', ' ', true },
492	[ TAINT_UNSIGNED_MODULE ]	= { 'E', ' ', true },
493	[ TAINT_SOFTLOCKUP ]		= { 'L', ' ', false },
494	[ TAINT_LIVEPATCH ]		= { 'K', ' ', true },
495	[ TAINT_AUX ]			= { 'X', ' ', true },
496	[ TAINT_RANDSTRUCT ]		= { 'T', ' ', true },
497	[ TAINT_TEST ]			= { 'N', ' ', true },
498};
499
500/**
501 * print_tainted - return a string to represent the kernel taint state.
502 *
503 * For individual taint flag meanings, see Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/kernel.rst
504 *
505 * The string is overwritten by the next call to print_tainted(),
506 * but is always NULL terminated.
507 */
508const char *print_tainted(void)
509{
510	static char buf[TAINT_FLAGS_COUNT + sizeof("Tainted: ")];
511
512	BUILD_BUG_ON(ARRAY_SIZE(taint_flags) != TAINT_FLAGS_COUNT);
513
514	if (tainted_mask) {
515		char *s;
516		int i;
517
518		s = buf + sprintf(buf, "Tainted: ");
519		for (i = 0; i < TAINT_FLAGS_COUNT; i++) {
520			const struct taint_flag *t = &taint_flags[i];
521			*s++ = test_bit(i, &tainted_mask) ?
522					t->c_true : t->c_false;
523		}
524		*s = 0;
525	} else
526		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Not tainted");
527
528	return buf;
529}
530
531int test_taint(unsigned flag)
532{
533	return test_bit(flag, &tainted_mask);
534}
535EXPORT_SYMBOL(test_taint);
536
537unsigned long get_taint(void)
538{
539	return tainted_mask;
540}
541
542/**
543 * add_taint: add a taint flag if not already set.
544 * @flag: one of the TAINT_* constants.
545 * @lockdep_ok: whether lock debugging is still OK.
546 *
547 * If something bad has gone wrong, you'll want @lockdebug_ok = false, but for
548 * some notewortht-but-not-corrupting cases, it can be set to true.
549 */
550void add_taint(unsigned flag, enum lockdep_ok lockdep_ok)
551{
552	if (lockdep_ok == LOCKDEP_NOW_UNRELIABLE && __debug_locks_off())
553		pr_warn("Disabling lock debugging due to kernel taint\n");
554
555	set_bit(flag, &tainted_mask);
556
557	if (tainted_mask & panic_on_taint) {
558		panic_on_taint = 0;
559		panic("panic_on_taint set ...");
560	}
561}
562EXPORT_SYMBOL(add_taint);
563
564static void spin_msec(int msecs)
565{
566	int i;
567
568	for (i = 0; i < msecs; i++) {
569		touch_nmi_watchdog();
570		mdelay(1);
571	}
572}
573
574/*
575 * It just happens that oops_enter() and oops_exit() are identically
576 * implemented...
577 */
578static void do_oops_enter_exit(void)
579{
580	unsigned long flags;
581	static int spin_counter;
582
583	if (!pause_on_oops)
584		return;
585
586	spin_lock_irqsave(&pause_on_oops_lock, flags);
587	if (pause_on_oops_flag == 0) {
588		/* This CPU may now print the oops message */
589		pause_on_oops_flag = 1;
590	} else {
591		/* We need to stall this CPU */
592		if (!spin_counter) {
593			/* This CPU gets to do the counting */
594			spin_counter = pause_on_oops;
595			do {
596				spin_unlock(&pause_on_oops_lock);
597				spin_msec(MSEC_PER_SEC);
598				spin_lock(&pause_on_oops_lock);
599			} while (--spin_counter);
600			pause_on_oops_flag = 0;
601		} else {
602			/* This CPU waits for a different one */
603			while (spin_counter) {
604				spin_unlock(&pause_on_oops_lock);
605				spin_msec(1);
606				spin_lock(&pause_on_oops_lock);
607			}
608		}
609	}
610	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pause_on_oops_lock, flags);
611}
612
613/*
614 * Return true if the calling CPU is allowed to print oops-related info.
615 * This is a bit racy..
616 */
617bool oops_may_print(void)
618{
619	return pause_on_oops_flag == 0;
620}
621
622/*
623 * Called when the architecture enters its oops handler, before it prints
624 * anything.  If this is the first CPU to oops, and it's oopsing the first
625 * time then let it proceed.
626 *
627 * This is all enabled by the pause_on_oops kernel boot option.  We do all
628 * this to ensure that oopses don't scroll off the screen.  It has the
629 * side-effect of preventing later-oopsing CPUs from mucking up the display,
630 * too.
631 *
632 * It turns out that the CPU which is allowed to print ends up pausing for
633 * the right duration, whereas all the other CPUs pause for twice as long:
634 * once in oops_enter(), once in oops_exit().
635 */
636void oops_enter(void)
637{
638	tracing_off();
639	/* can't trust the integrity of the kernel anymore: */
640	debug_locks_off();
641	do_oops_enter_exit();
642
643	if (sysctl_oops_all_cpu_backtrace)
644		trigger_all_cpu_backtrace();
645}
646
647static void print_oops_end_marker(void)
648{
649	pr_warn("---[ end trace %016llx ]---\n", 0ULL);
650}
651
652/*
653 * Called when the architecture exits its oops handler, after printing
654 * everything.
655 */
656void oops_exit(void)
657{
658	do_oops_enter_exit();
659	print_oops_end_marker();
660	kmsg_dump(KMSG_DUMP_OOPS);
661}
662
663struct warn_args {
664	const char *fmt;
665	va_list args;
666};
667
668void __warn(const char *file, int line, void *caller, unsigned taint,
669	    struct pt_regs *regs, struct warn_args *args)
670{
671	disable_trace_on_warning();
672
673	if (file)
674		pr_warn("WARNING: CPU: %d PID: %d at %s:%d %pS\n",
675			raw_smp_processor_id(), current->pid, file, line,
676			caller);
677	else
678		pr_warn("WARNING: CPU: %d PID: %d at %pS\n",
679			raw_smp_processor_id(), current->pid, caller);
680
681#pragma GCC diagnostic push
682#ifndef __clang__
683#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wsuggest-attribute=format"
684#endif
685	if (args)
686		vprintk(args->fmt, args->args);
687#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
688
689	print_modules();
690
691	if (regs)
692		show_regs(regs);
693
694	check_panic_on_warn("kernel");
695
696	if (!regs)
697		dump_stack();
698
699	print_irqtrace_events(current);
700
701	print_oops_end_marker();
702	trace_error_report_end(ERROR_DETECTOR_WARN, (unsigned long)caller);
703
704	/* Just a warning, don't kill lockdep. */
705	add_taint(taint, LOCKDEP_STILL_OK);
706}
707
708#ifdef CONFIG_BUG
709#ifndef __WARN_FLAGS
710void warn_slowpath_fmt(const char *file, int line, unsigned taint,
711		       const char *fmt, ...)
712{
713	bool rcu = warn_rcu_enter();
714	struct warn_args args;
715
716	pr_warn(CUT_HERE);
717
718	if (!fmt) {
719		__warn(file, line, __builtin_return_address(0), taint,
720		       NULL, NULL);
721		warn_rcu_exit(rcu);
722		return;
723	}
724
725	args.fmt = fmt;
726	va_start(args.args, fmt);
727	__warn(file, line, __builtin_return_address(0), taint, NULL, &args);
728	va_end(args.args);
729	warn_rcu_exit(rcu);
730}
731EXPORT_SYMBOL(warn_slowpath_fmt);
732#else
733void __warn_printk(const char *fmt, ...)
734{
735	bool rcu = warn_rcu_enter();
736	va_list args;
737
738	pr_warn(CUT_HERE);
739
740	va_start(args, fmt);
741	vprintk(fmt, args);
742	va_end(args);
743	warn_rcu_exit(rcu);
744}
745EXPORT_SYMBOL(__warn_printk);
746#endif
747
748/* Support resetting WARN*_ONCE state */
749
750static int clear_warn_once_set(void *data, u64 val)
751{
752	generic_bug_clear_once();
753	memset(__start_once, 0, __end_once - __start_once);
754	return 0;
755}
756
757DEFINE_DEBUGFS_ATTRIBUTE(clear_warn_once_fops, NULL, clear_warn_once_set,
758			 "%lld\n");
759
760static __init int register_warn_debugfs(void)
761{
762	/* Don't care about failure */
763	debugfs_create_file_unsafe("clear_warn_once", 0200, NULL, NULL,
764				   &clear_warn_once_fops);
765	return 0;
766}
767
768device_initcall(register_warn_debugfs);
769#endif
770
771#ifdef CONFIG_STACKPROTECTOR
772
773/*
774 * Called when gcc's -fstack-protector feature is used, and
775 * gcc detects corruption of the on-stack canary value
776 */
777__visible noinstr void __stack_chk_fail(void)
778{
779	instrumentation_begin();
780	panic("stack-protector: Kernel stack is corrupted in: %pB",
781		__builtin_return_address(0));
782	instrumentation_end();
783}
784EXPORT_SYMBOL(__stack_chk_fail);
785
786#endif
787
788core_param(panic, panic_timeout, int, 0644);
789core_param(panic_print, panic_print, ulong, 0644);
790core_param(pause_on_oops, pause_on_oops, int, 0644);
791core_param(panic_on_warn, panic_on_warn, int, 0644);
792core_param(crash_kexec_post_notifiers, crash_kexec_post_notifiers, bool, 0644);
793
794static int __init oops_setup(char *s)
795{
796	if (!s)
797		return -EINVAL;
798	if (!strcmp(s, "panic"))
799		panic_on_oops = 1;
800	return 0;
801}
802early_param("oops", oops_setup);
803
804static int __init panic_on_taint_setup(char *s)
805{
806	char *taint_str;
807
808	if (!s)
809		return -EINVAL;
810
811	taint_str = strsep(&s, ",");
812	if (kstrtoul(taint_str, 16, &panic_on_taint))
813		return -EINVAL;
814
815	/* make sure panic_on_taint doesn't hold out-of-range TAINT flags */
816	panic_on_taint &= TAINT_FLAGS_MAX;
817
818	if (!panic_on_taint)
819		return -EINVAL;
820
821	if (s && !strcmp(s, "nousertaint"))
822		panic_on_taint_nousertaint = true;
823
824	pr_info("panic_on_taint: bitmask=0x%lx nousertaint_mode=%s\n",
825		panic_on_taint, str_enabled_disabled(panic_on_taint_nousertaint));
826
827	return 0;
828}
829early_param("panic_on_taint", panic_on_taint_setup);
830