1/* chown -- change user and group ownership of files 2 Copyright (C) 1989-1991, 1995-2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 3 4 This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify 5 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 6 the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or 7 (at your option) any later version. 8 9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 12 GNU General Public License for more details. 13 14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 15 along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */ 16 17/* Written by David MacKenzie <djm@gnu.ai.mit.edu>. */ 18 19#include <config.h> 20#include <stdio.h> 21#include <sys/types.h> 22#include <getopt.h> 23 24#include "system.h" 25#include "chown-core.h" 26#include "error.h" 27#include "fts_.h" 28#include "quote.h" 29#include "root-dev-ino.h" 30#include "userspec.h" 31 32/* The official name of this program (e.g., no `g' prefix). */ 33#define PROGRAM_NAME "chown" 34 35#define AUTHORS \ 36 proper_name ("David MacKenzie"), \ 37 proper_name ("Jim Meyering") 38 39/* The argument to the --reference option. Use the owner and group IDs 40 of this file. This file must exist. */ 41static char *reference_file; 42 43/* For long options that have no equivalent short option, use a 44 non-character as a pseudo short option, starting with CHAR_MAX + 1. */ 45enum 46{ 47 DEREFERENCE_OPTION = CHAR_MAX + 1, 48 FROM_OPTION, 49 NO_PRESERVE_ROOT, 50 PRESERVE_ROOT, 51 REFERENCE_FILE_OPTION 52}; 53 54static struct option const long_options[] = 55{ 56 {"recursive", no_argument, NULL, 'R'}, 57 {"changes", no_argument, NULL, 'c'}, 58 {"dereference", no_argument, NULL, DEREFERENCE_OPTION}, 59 {"from", required_argument, NULL, FROM_OPTION}, 60 {"no-dereference", no_argument, NULL, 'h'}, 61 {"no-preserve-root", no_argument, NULL, NO_PRESERVE_ROOT}, 62 {"preserve-root", no_argument, NULL, PRESERVE_ROOT}, 63 {"quiet", no_argument, NULL, 'f'}, 64 {"silent", no_argument, NULL, 'f'}, 65 {"reference", required_argument, NULL, REFERENCE_FILE_OPTION}, 66 {"verbose", no_argument, NULL, 'v'}, 67 {GETOPT_HELP_OPTION_DECL}, 68 {GETOPT_VERSION_OPTION_DECL}, 69 {NULL, 0, NULL, 0} 70}; 71 72void 73usage (int status) 74{ 75 if (status != EXIT_SUCCESS) 76 fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"), 77 program_name); 78 else 79 { 80 printf (_("\ 81Usage: %s [OPTION]... [OWNER][:[GROUP]] FILE...\n\ 82 or: %s [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...\n\ 83"), 84 program_name, program_name); 85 fputs (_("\ 86Change the owner and/or group of each FILE to OWNER and/or GROUP.\n\ 87With --reference, change the owner and group of each FILE to those of RFILE.\n\ 88\n\ 89 -c, --changes like verbose but report only when a change is made\n\ 90 --dereference affect the referent of each symbolic link (this is\n\ 91 the default), rather than the symbolic link itself\n\ 92"), stdout); 93 fputs (_("\ 94 -h, --no-dereference affect each symbolic link instead of any referenced\n\ 95 file (useful only on systems that can change the\n\ 96 ownership of a symlink)\n\ 97"), stdout); 98 fputs (_("\ 99 --from=CURRENT_OWNER:CURRENT_GROUP\n\ 100 change the owner and/or group of each file only if\n\ 101 its current owner and/or group match those specified\n\ 102 here. Either may be omitted, in which case a match\n\ 103 is not required for the omitted attribute.\n\ 104"), stdout); 105 fputs (_("\ 106 --no-preserve-root do not treat `/' specially (the default)\n\ 107 --preserve-root fail to operate recursively on `/'\n\ 108"), stdout); 109 fputs (_("\ 110 -f, --silent, --quiet suppress most error messages\n\ 111 --reference=RFILE use RFILE's owner and group rather than\n\ 112 specifying OWNER:GROUP values\n\ 113 -R, --recursive operate on files and directories recursively\n\ 114 -v, --verbose output a diagnostic for every file processed\n\ 115\n\ 116"), stdout); 117 fputs (_("\ 118The following options modify how a hierarchy is traversed when the -R\n\ 119option is also specified. If more than one is specified, only the final\n\ 120one takes effect.\n\ 121\n\ 122 -H if a command line argument is a symbolic link\n\ 123 to a directory, traverse it\n\ 124 -L traverse every symbolic link to a directory\n\ 125 encountered\n\ 126 -P do not traverse any symbolic links (default)\n\ 127\n\ 128"), stdout); 129 fputs (HELP_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout); 130 fputs (VERSION_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout); 131 fputs (_("\ 132\n\ 133Owner is unchanged if missing. Group is unchanged if missing, but changed\n\ 134to login group if implied by a `:' following a symbolic OWNER.\n\ 135OWNER and GROUP may be numeric as well as symbolic.\n\ 136"), stdout); 137 printf (_("\ 138\n\ 139Examples:\n\ 140 %s root /u Change the owner of /u to \"root\".\n\ 141 %s root:staff /u Likewise, but also change its group to \"staff\".\n\ 142 %s -hR root /u Change the owner of /u and subfiles to \"root\".\n\ 143"), 144 program_name, program_name, program_name); 145 emit_ancillary_info (); 146 } 147 exit (status); 148} 149 150int 151main (int argc, char **argv) 152{ 153 bool preserve_root = false; 154 155 uid_t uid = -1; /* Specified uid; -1 if not to be changed. */ 156 gid_t gid = -1; /* Specified gid; -1 if not to be changed. */ 157 158 /* Change the owner (group) of a file only if it has this uid (gid). 159 -1 means there's no restriction. */ 160 uid_t required_uid = -1; 161 gid_t required_gid = -1; 162 163 /* Bit flags that control how fts works. */ 164 int bit_flags = FTS_PHYSICAL; 165 166 /* 1 if --dereference, 0 if --no-dereference, -1 if neither has been 167 specified. */ 168 int dereference = -1; 169 170 struct Chown_option chopt; 171 bool ok; 172 int optc; 173 174 initialize_main (&argc, &argv); 175 set_program_name (argv[0]); 176 setlocale (LC_ALL, ""); 177 bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR); 178 textdomain (PACKAGE); 179 180 atexit (close_stdout); 181 182 chopt_init (&chopt); 183 184 while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "HLPRcfhv", long_options, NULL)) 185 != -1) 186 { 187 switch (optc) 188 { 189 case 'H': /* Traverse command-line symlinks-to-directories. */ 190 bit_flags = FTS_COMFOLLOW | FTS_PHYSICAL; 191 break; 192 193 case 'L': /* Traverse all symlinks-to-directories. */ 194 bit_flags = FTS_LOGICAL; 195 break; 196 197 case 'P': /* Traverse no symlinks-to-directories. */ 198 bit_flags = FTS_PHYSICAL; 199 break; 200 201 case 'h': /* --no-dereference: affect symlinks */ 202 dereference = 0; 203 break; 204 205 case DEREFERENCE_OPTION: /* --dereference: affect the referent 206 of each symlink */ 207 dereference = 1; 208 break; 209 210 case NO_PRESERVE_ROOT: 211 preserve_root = false; 212 break; 213 214 case PRESERVE_ROOT: 215 preserve_root = true; 216 break; 217 218 case REFERENCE_FILE_OPTION: 219 reference_file = optarg; 220 break; 221 222 case FROM_OPTION: 223 { 224 char *u_dummy, *g_dummy; 225 const char *e = parse_user_spec (optarg, 226 &required_uid, &required_gid, 227 &u_dummy, &g_dummy); 228 if (e) 229 error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0, "%s: %s", e, quote (optarg)); 230 break; 231 } 232 233 case 'R': 234 chopt.recurse = true; 235 break; 236 237 case 'c': 238 chopt.verbosity = V_changes_only; 239 break; 240 241 case 'f': 242 chopt.force_silent = true; 243 break; 244 245 case 'v': 246 chopt.verbosity = V_high; 247 break; 248 249 case_GETOPT_HELP_CHAR; 250 case_GETOPT_VERSION_CHAR (PROGRAM_NAME, AUTHORS); 251 default: 252 usage (EXIT_FAILURE); 253 } 254 } 255 256 if (chopt.recurse) 257 { 258 if (bit_flags == FTS_PHYSICAL) 259 { 260 if (dereference == 1) 261 error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0, 262 _("-R --dereference requires either -H or -L")); 263 dereference = 0; 264 } 265 } 266 else 267 { 268 bit_flags = FTS_PHYSICAL; 269 } 270 chopt.affect_symlink_referent = (dereference != 0); 271 272 if (argc - optind < (reference_file ? 1 : 2)) 273 { 274 if (argc <= optind) 275 error (0, 0, _("missing operand")); 276 else 277 error (0, 0, _("missing operand after %s"), quote (argv[argc - 1])); 278 usage (EXIT_FAILURE); 279 } 280 281 if (reference_file) 282 { 283 struct stat ref_stats; 284 if (stat (reference_file, &ref_stats)) 285 error (EXIT_FAILURE, errno, _("failed to get attributes of %s"), 286 quote (reference_file)); 287 288 uid = ref_stats.st_uid; 289 gid = ref_stats.st_gid; 290 chopt.user_name = uid_to_name (ref_stats.st_uid); 291 chopt.group_name = gid_to_name (ref_stats.st_gid); 292 } 293 else 294 { 295 const char *e = parse_user_spec (argv[optind], &uid, &gid, 296 &chopt.user_name, &chopt.group_name); 297 if (e) 298 error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0, "%s: %s", e, quote (argv[optind])); 299 300 /* If a group is specified but no user, set the user name to the 301 empty string so that diagnostics say "ownership :GROUP" 302 rather than "group GROUP". */ 303 if (!chopt.user_name && chopt.group_name) 304 chopt.user_name = bad_cast (""); 305 306 optind++; 307 } 308 309 if (chopt.recurse && preserve_root) 310 { 311 static struct dev_ino dev_ino_buf; 312 chopt.root_dev_ino = get_root_dev_ino (&dev_ino_buf); 313 if (chopt.root_dev_ino == NULL) 314 error (EXIT_FAILURE, errno, _("failed to get attributes of %s"), 315 quote ("/")); 316 } 317 318 bit_flags |= FTS_DEFER_STAT; 319 ok = chown_files (argv + optind, bit_flags, 320 uid, gid, 321 required_uid, required_gid, &chopt); 322 323 chopt_free (&chopt); 324 325 exit (ok ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE); 326} 327