iostat.c revision 16301 
1/*-
2 * Copyright (c) 1986, 1991, 1993
3 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7 * are met:
8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15 *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16 *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19 *    without specific prior written permission.
20 *
21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31 * SUCH DAMAGE.
32 */
33
34#ifndef lint
35static char copyright[] =
36"@(#) Copyright (c) 1986, 1991, 1993\n\
37	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
38#endif /* not lint */
39
40#ifndef lint
41static char sccsid[] = "@(#)iostat.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 1/26/94";
42#endif /* not lint */
43
44#include <sys/param.h>
45#include <sys/buf.h>
46#include <sys/dkstat.h>
47
48#include <err.h>
49#include <ctype.h>
50#include <fcntl.h>
51#include <kvm.h>
52#include <limits.h>
53#include <nlist.h>
54#include <paths.h>
55#include <signal.h>
56#include <stdio.h>
57#include <stdlib.h>
58#include <string.h>
59#include <unistd.h>
60
61struct nlist namelist[] = {
62#define	X_DK_TIME	0
63	{ "_dk_time" },
64#define	X_DK_XFER	1
65	{ "_dk_xfer" },
66#define	X_DK_WDS	2
67	{ "_dk_wds" },
68#define	X_TK_NIN	3
69	{ "_tk_nin" },
70#define	X_TK_NOUT	4
71	{ "_tk_nout" },
72#define	X_DK_SEEK	5
73	{ "_dk_seek" },
74#define	X_CP_TIME	6
75	{ "_cp_time" },
76#define	X_DK_WPMS	7
77	{ "_dk_wpms" },
78#define	X_HZ		8
79	{ "_hz" },
80#define	X_STATHZ	9
81	{ "_stathz" },
82#define	X_DK_NDRIVE	10
83	{ "_dk_ndrive" },
84#define	X_END		10
85#if defined(hp300) || defined(luna68k)
86#define	X_HPDINIT	(X_END+1)
87	{ "_hp_dinit" },
88#endif
89#if defined(i386)
90#define X_DK_NAMES	(X_END+1)
91	{ "_dk_names" },
92#endif
93#ifdef mips
94#define	X_SCSI_DINIT	(X_END+1)
95	{ "_scsi_dinit" },
96#endif
97#ifdef tahoe
98#define	X_VBDINIT	(X_END+1)
99	{ "_vbdinit" },
100#endif
101#ifdef vax
102	{ "_mbdinit" },
103#define X_MBDINIT	(X_END+1)
104	{ "_ubdinit" },
105#define X_UBDINIT	(X_END+2)
106#endif
107	{ NULL },
108};
109
110struct _disk {
111	long	cp_time[CPUSTATES];
112	long	*dk_time;
113	long	*dk_wds;
114	long	*dk_seek;
115	long	*dk_xfer;
116	long	tk_nin;
117	long	tk_nout;
118} cur, last;
119
120kvm_t	 *kd;
121double	  etime;
122long	 *dk_wpms;
123int	  dk_ndrive, *dr_select, hz, kmemfd, ndrives;
124char	**dr_name;
125
126#define nlread(x, v) \
127	kvm_read(kd, namelist[x].n_value, &(v), sizeof(v))
128
129#include "names.c"				/* XXX */
130
131void cpustats __P((void));
132void dkstats __P((void));
133void phdr __P((int));
134void usage __P((void));
135
136int
137main(argc, argv)
138	int argc;
139	char *argv[];
140{
141	register int i;
142	long tmp;
143	int ch, hdrcnt, reps, interval, stathz, ndrives;
144	char **cp, *memf, *nlistf, buf[30];
145        char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
146
147	interval = reps = 0;
148	nlistf = memf = NULL;
149	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "c:M:N:w:")) != EOF)
150		switch(ch) {
151		case 'c':
152			if ((reps = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
153				errx(1, "repetition count <= 0.");
154			break;
155		case 'M':
156			memf = optarg;
157			break;
158		case 'N':
159			nlistf = optarg;
160			break;
161		case 'w':
162			if ((interval = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
163				errx(1, "interval <= 0.");
164			break;
165		case '?':
166		default:
167			usage();
168		}
169	argc -= optind;
170	argv += optind;
171
172	/*
173	 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
174	 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
175	 */
176	if (nlistf != NULL || memf != NULL)
177		setgid(getgid());
178
179        kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
180	if (kd == 0)
181		errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
182	if (kvm_nlist(kd, namelist) == -1)
183		errx(1, "kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
184	if (namelist[X_DK_NDRIVE].n_type == 0)
185		errx(1, "dk_ndrive not found in namelist");
186	(void)nlread(X_DK_NDRIVE, dk_ndrive);
187	if (dk_ndrive <= 0)
188		errx(1, "invalid dk_ndrive %d\n", dk_ndrive);
189
190	cur.dk_time = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
191	cur.dk_wds = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
192	cur.dk_seek = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
193	cur.dk_xfer = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
194	last.dk_time = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
195	last.dk_wds = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
196	last.dk_seek = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
197	last.dk_xfer = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
198	dr_select = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(int));
199	dr_name = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(char *));
200	dk_wpms = calloc(dk_ndrive, sizeof(long));
201
202	for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive; i++) {
203		(void)sprintf(buf, "dk%d", i);
204		dr_name[i] = strdup(buf);
205	}
206	if (!read_names())
207		exit(1);
208	(void)nlread(X_HZ, hz);
209	(void)nlread(X_STATHZ, stathz);
210	if (stathz)
211		hz = stathz;
212	(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_DK_WPMS].n_value, dk_wpms,
213		dk_ndrive * sizeof(dk_wpms));
214
215	/*
216	 * Choose drives to be displayed.  Priority goes to (in order) drives
217	 * supplied as arguments and default drives.  If everything isn't
218	 * filled in and there are drives not taken care of, display the first
219	 * few that fit.
220	 *
221	 * The backward compatibility #ifdefs permit the syntax:
222	 *	iostat [ drives ] [ interval [ count ] ]
223	 */
224#define	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
225	for (ndrives = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
226#ifdef	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
227		if (isdigit(**argv))
228			break;
229#endif
230		for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive; i++) {
231			if (strcmp(dr_name[i], *argv))
232				continue;
233			dr_select[i] = 1;
234			++ndrives;
235		}
236	}
237#ifdef	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
238	if (*argv) {
239		interval = atoi(*argv);
240		if (*++argv)
241			reps = atoi(*argv);
242	}
243#endif
244
245	if (interval) {
246		if (!reps)
247			reps = -1;
248	} else
249		if (reps)
250			interval = 1;
251
252	for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive && ndrives < 4; i++) {
253		if (dr_select[i] || dk_wpms[i] == 0)
254			continue;
255		for (cp = defdrives; *cp; cp++)
256			if (strcmp(dr_name[i], *cp) == 0) {
257				dr_select[i] = 1;
258				++ndrives;
259				break;
260			}
261	}
262	for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive && ndrives < 4; i++) {
263		if (dr_select[i])
264			continue;
265		dr_select[i] = 1;
266		++ndrives;
267	}
268
269	(void)signal(SIGCONT, phdr);
270
271	for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
272		if (!--hdrcnt) {
273			phdr(0);
274			hdrcnt = 20;
275		}
276		(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_DK_TIME].n_value,
277		    cur.dk_time, dk_ndrive * sizeof(long));
278		(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_DK_XFER].n_value,
279		    cur.dk_xfer, dk_ndrive * sizeof(long));
280		(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_DK_WDS].n_value,
281		    cur.dk_wds, dk_ndrive * sizeof(long));
282		(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_DK_SEEK].n_value,
283		    cur.dk_seek, dk_ndrive * sizeof(long));
284		(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_TK_NIN].n_value,
285		    &cur.tk_nin, sizeof(cur.tk_nin));
286		(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_TK_NOUT].n_value,
287		    &cur.tk_nout, sizeof(cur.tk_nout));
288		(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_CP_TIME].n_value,
289		    cur.cp_time, sizeof(cur.cp_time));
290		for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive; i++) {
291			if (!dr_select[i])
292				continue;
293#define X(fld)	tmp = cur.fld[i]; cur.fld[i] -= last.fld[i]; last.fld[i] = tmp
294			X(dk_xfer);
295			X(dk_seek);
296			X(dk_wds);
297			X(dk_time);
298		}
299		tmp = cur.tk_nin;
300		cur.tk_nin -= last.tk_nin;
301		last.tk_nin = tmp;
302		tmp = cur.tk_nout;
303		cur.tk_nout -= last.tk_nout;
304		last.tk_nout = tmp;
305		etime = 0;
306		for (i = 0; i < CPUSTATES; i++) {
307			X(cp_time);
308			etime += cur.cp_time[i];
309		}
310		if (etime == 0.0)
311			etime = 1.0;
312		etime /= (float)hz;
313		(void)printf("%4.0f%5.0f",
314		    cur.tk_nin / etime, cur.tk_nout / etime);
315		dkstats();
316		cpustats();
317		(void)printf("\n");
318		(void)fflush(stdout);
319
320		if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
321			break;
322		(void)sleep(interval);
323	}
324	exit(0);
325}
326
327/* ARGUSED */
328void
329phdr(signo)
330	int signo;
331{
332	register int i;
333
334	(void)printf("      tty");
335	for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive; i++)
336		if (dr_select[i])
337			(void)printf("         %4.4s ", dr_name[i]);
338	(void)printf("         cpu\n tin tout");
339	for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive; i++)
340		if (dr_select[i])
341			(void)printf(" sps tps msps ");
342	(void)printf(" us ni sy in id\n");
343}
344
345void
346dkstats()
347{
348	register int dn;
349	double atime, itime, msps, words, xtime;
350
351	for (dn = 0; dn < dk_ndrive; ++dn) {
352		if (!dr_select[dn])
353			continue;
354		words = (double)cur.dk_wds[dn] * 32;	/* words xfer'd */
355		(void)printf("%4.0f",			/* sectors */
356		    words / (DEV_BSIZE / 2) / etime);
357
358		(void)printf("%4.0f", cur.dk_xfer[dn] / etime);
359
360		if (dk_wpms[dn] && cur.dk_xfer[dn]) {
361			atime = cur.dk_time[dn];	/* ticks disk busy */
362			atime /= (float)hz;		/* ticks to seconds */
363			xtime = words / dk_wpms[dn];	/* transfer time */
364			itime = atime - xtime;		/* time not xfer'ing */
365			if (itime < 0)
366				msps = 0;
367			else
368				msps = itime * 1000 / cur.dk_xfer[dn];
369		} else
370			msps = 0;
371		(void)printf("%5.1f ", msps);
372	}
373}
374
375void
376cpustats()
377{
378	register int state;
379	double time;
380
381	time = 0;
382	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
383		time += cur.cp_time[state];
384	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
385		(void)printf("%3.0f",
386		    100. * cur.cp_time[state] / (time ? time : 1));
387}
388
389void
390usage()
391{
392	(void)fprintf(stderr,
393"usage: iostat [-c count] [-M core] [-N system] [-w wait] [drives]\n");
394	exit(1);
395}
396