xref: /freebsd-9.3-release/sys/i386/xen/mp_machdep.c

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 1996, by Steve Passe
 * Copyright (c) 2008, by Kip Macy
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. The name of the developer may NOT be used to endorse or promote products
 *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include <sys/cdefs.h>
__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: head/sys/i386/xen/mp_machdep.c 183132 2008-09-18 02:59:19Z kmacy $");

#include "opt_apic.h"
#include "opt_cpu.h"
#include "opt_kstack_pages.h"
#include "opt_mp_watchdog.h"
#include "opt_sched.h"
#include "opt_smp.h"

#if !defined(lint)
#if !defined(SMP)
#error How did you get here?
#endif

#ifndef DEV_APIC
#error The apic device is required for SMP, add "device apic" to your config file.
#endif
#if defined(CPU_DISABLE_CMPXCHG) && !defined(COMPILING_LINT)
#error SMP not supported with CPU_DISABLE_CMPXCHG
#endif
#endif /* not lint */

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/bus.h>
#include <sys/cons.h>	/* cngetc() */
#ifdef GPROF
#include <sys/gmon.h>
#endif
#include <sys/kernel.h>
#include <sys/ktr.h>
#include <sys/lock.h>
#include <sys/malloc.h>
#include <sys/memrange.h>
#include <sys/mutex.h>
#include <sys/pcpu.h>
#include <sys/proc.h>
#include <sys/sched.h>
#include <sys/smp.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>

#include <vm/vm.h>
#include <vm/vm_param.h>
#include <vm/pmap.h>
#include <vm/vm_kern.h>
#include <vm/vm_extern.h>
#include <vm/vm_page.h>

#include <machine/apicreg.h>
#include <machine/md_var.h>
#include <machine/mp_watchdog.h>
#include <machine/pcb.h>
#include <machine/psl.h>
#include <machine/smp.h>
#include <machine/specialreg.h>
#include <machine/pcpu.h>



#include <machine/xen/xen-os.h>
#include <machine/xen/hypervisor.h>
#include <xen/interface/vcpu.h>


#define WARMBOOT_TARGET		0
#define WARMBOOT_OFF		(KERNBASE + 0x0467)
#define WARMBOOT_SEG		(KERNBASE + 0x0469)

#define stop_cpus_with_nmi	0


int	mp_naps;		/* # of Applications processors */
int	boot_cpu_id = -1;	/* designated BSP */

extern	struct pcpu __pcpu[];

static int bootAP;
static union descriptor *bootAPgdt;


/* Free these after use */
void *bootstacks[MAXCPU];

/* Hotwire a 0->4MB V==P mapping */
extern pt_entry_t *KPTphys;

struct pcb stoppcbs[MAXCPU];

/* Variables needed for SMP tlb shootdown. */
vm_offset_t smp_tlb_addr1;
vm_offset_t smp_tlb_addr2;
volatile int smp_tlb_wait;

static u_int logical_cpus;

/* used to hold the AP's until we are ready to release them */
static struct mtx ap_boot_mtx;

/* Set to 1 once we're ready to let the APs out of the pen. */
static volatile int aps_ready = 0;

/*
 * Store data from cpu_add() until later in the boot when we actually setup
 * the APs.
 */
struct cpu_info {
	int	cpu_present:1;
	int	cpu_bsp:1;
	int	cpu_disabled:1;
} static cpu_info[MAX_APIC_ID + 1];
int cpu_apic_ids[MAXCPU];

/* Holds pending bitmap based IPIs per CPU */
static volatile u_int cpu_ipi_pending[MAXCPU];

static u_int boot_address;

static void	assign_cpu_ids(void);
static void	set_interrupt_apic_ids(void);
int	start_all_aps(void);
static int	start_ap(int apic_id);
static void	release_aps(void *dummy);

static u_int	hyperthreading_cpus;
static cpumask_t	hyperthreading_cpus_mask;

extern void Xhypervisor_callback(void);
extern void failsafe_callback(void);

struct cpu_group *
cpu_topo(void)
{
	if (cpu_cores == 0)
		cpu_cores = 1;
	if (cpu_logical == 0)
		cpu_logical = 1;
	if (mp_ncpus % (cpu_cores * cpu_logical) != 0) {
		printf("WARNING: Non-uniform processors.\n");
		printf("WARNING: Using suboptimal topology.\n");
		return (smp_topo_none());
	}
	/*
	 * No multi-core or hyper-threaded.
	 */
	if (cpu_logical * cpu_cores == 1)
		return (smp_topo_none());
	/*
	 * Only HTT no multi-core.
	 */
	if (cpu_logical > 1 && cpu_cores == 1)
		return (smp_topo_1level(CG_SHARE_L1, cpu_logical, CG_FLAG_HTT));
	/*
	 * Only multi-core no HTT.
	 */
	if (cpu_cores > 1 && cpu_logical == 1)
		return (smp_topo_1level(CG_SHARE_NONE, cpu_cores, 0));
	/*
	 * Both HTT and multi-core.
	 */
	return (smp_topo_2level(CG_SHARE_NONE, cpu_cores,
	    CG_SHARE_L1, cpu_logical, CG_FLAG_HTT));
}

/*
 * Calculate usable address in base memory for AP trampoline code.
 */
u_int
mp_bootaddress(u_int basemem)
{

	return (basemem);
}

void
cpu_add(u_int apic_id, char boot_cpu)
{

	if (apic_id > MAX_APIC_ID) {
		panic("SMP: APIC ID %d too high", apic_id);
		return;
	}
	KASSERT(cpu_info[apic_id].cpu_present == 0, ("CPU %d added twice",
	    apic_id));
	cpu_info[apic_id].cpu_present = 1;
	if (boot_cpu) {
		KASSERT(boot_cpu_id == -1,
		    ("CPU %d claims to be BSP, but CPU %d already is", apic_id,
		    boot_cpu_id));
		boot_cpu_id = apic_id;
		cpu_info[apic_id].cpu_bsp = 1;
	}
	if (mp_ncpus < MAXCPU)
		mp_ncpus++;
	if (bootverbose)
		printf("SMP: Added CPU %d (%s)\n", apic_id, boot_cpu ? "BSP" :
		    "AP");
}

void
cpu_mp_setmaxid(void)
{

	mp_maxid = MAXCPU - 1;
}

int
cpu_mp_probe(void)
{

	/*
	 * Always record BSP in CPU map so that the mbuf init code works
	 * correctly.
	 */
	all_cpus = 1;
	if (mp_ncpus == 0) {
		/*
		 * No CPUs were found, so this must be a UP system.  Setup
		 * the variables to represent a system with a single CPU
		 * with an id of 0.
		 */
		mp_ncpus = 1;
		return (0);
	}

	/* At least one CPU was found. */
	if (mp_ncpus == 1) {
		/*
		 * One CPU was found, so this must be a UP system with
		 * an I/O APIC.
		 */
		return (0);
	}

	/* At least two CPUs were found. */
	return (1);
}

/*
 * Initialize the IPI handlers and start up the AP's.
 */
void
cpu_mp_start(void)
{
	int i;

	/* Initialize the logical ID to APIC ID table. */
	for (i = 0; i < MAXCPU; i++) {
		cpu_apic_ids[i] = -1;
		cpu_ipi_pending[i] = 0;
	}

	/* Set boot_cpu_id if needed. */
	if (boot_cpu_id == -1) {
		boot_cpu_id = PCPU_GET(apic_id);
		cpu_info[boot_cpu_id].cpu_bsp = 1;
	} else
		KASSERT(boot_cpu_id == PCPU_GET(apic_id),
		    ("BSP's APIC ID doesn't match boot_cpu_id"));
	cpu_apic_ids[0] = boot_cpu_id;

	assign_cpu_ids();

	/* Start each Application Processor */
	start_all_aps();

	/* Setup the initial logical CPUs info. */
	logical_cpus = logical_cpus_mask = 0;
	if (cpu_feature & CPUID_HTT)
		logical_cpus = (cpu_procinfo & CPUID_HTT_CORES) >> 16;

	set_interrupt_apic_ids();
}


/*
 * Print various information about the SMP system hardware and setup.
 */
void
cpu_mp_announce(void)
{
	int i, x;

	/* List CPUs */
	printf(" cpu0 (BSP): APIC ID: %2d\n", boot_cpu_id);
	for (i = 1, x = 0; x <= MAX_APIC_ID; x++) {
		if (!cpu_info[x].cpu_present || cpu_info[x].cpu_bsp)
			continue;
		if (cpu_info[x].cpu_disabled)
			printf("  cpu (AP): APIC ID: %2d (disabled)\n", x);
		else {
			KASSERT(i < mp_ncpus,
			    ("mp_ncpus and actual cpus are out of whack"));
			printf(" cpu%d (AP): APIC ID: %2d\n", i++, x);
		}
	}
}

#define MTOPSIZE (1<<(14 + PAGE_SHIFT))

/*
 * AP CPU's call this to initialize themselves.
 */
void
init_secondary(void)
{
	vm_offset_t addr;
	int	gsel_tss;


	/* bootAP is set in start_ap() to our ID. */


	PCPU_SET(currentldt, _default_ldt);
	gsel_tss = GSEL(GPROC0_SEL, SEL_KPL);
#if 0
	gdt[bootAP * NGDT + GPROC0_SEL].sd.sd_type = SDT_SYS386TSS;
#endif
	PCPU_SET(common_tss.tss_esp0, 0); /* not used until after switch */
	PCPU_SET(common_tss.tss_ss0, GSEL(GDATA_SEL, SEL_KPL));
	PCPU_SET(common_tss.tss_ioopt, (sizeof (struct i386tss)) << 16);
#if 0
	PCPU_SET(tss_gdt, &gdt[bootAP * NGDT + GPROC0_SEL].sd);

	PCPU_SET(common_tssd, *PCPU_GET(tss_gdt));
#endif
	PCPU_SET(fsgs_gdt, &gdt[GUFS_SEL].sd);

	/*
	 * Set to a known state:
	 * Set by mpboot.s: CR0_PG, CR0_PE
	 * Set by cpu_setregs: CR0_NE, CR0_MP, CR0_TS, CR0_WP, CR0_AM
	 */
	/*
	 * signal our startup to the BSP.
	 */
	mp_naps++;

	/* Spin until the BSP releases the AP's. */
	while (!aps_ready)
		ia32_pause();

	/* BSP may have changed PTD while we were waiting */
	invltlb();
	for (addr = 0; addr < NKPT * NBPDR - 1; addr += PAGE_SIZE)
		invlpg(addr);

	/* set up FPU state on the AP */
	npxinit(__INITIAL_NPXCW__);
#if 0

	/* set up SSE registers */
	enable_sse();
#endif
#if 0 && defined(PAE)
	/* Enable the PTE no-execute bit. */
	if ((amd_feature & AMDID_NX) != 0) {
		uint64_t msr;

		msr = rdmsr(MSR_EFER) | EFER_NXE;
		wrmsr(MSR_EFER, msr);
	}
#endif
#if 0
	/* A quick check from sanity claus */
	if (PCPU_GET(apic_id) != lapic_id()) {
		printf("SMP: cpuid = %d\n", PCPU_GET(cpuid));
		printf("SMP: actual apic_id = %d\n", lapic_id());
		printf("SMP: correct apic_id = %d\n", PCPU_GET(apic_id));
		panic("cpuid mismatch! boom!!");
	}
#endif

	/* Initialize curthread. */
	KASSERT(PCPU_GET(idlethread) != NULL, ("no idle thread"));
	PCPU_SET(curthread, PCPU_GET(idlethread));

	mtx_lock_spin(&ap_boot_mtx);
#if 0

	/* Init local apic for irq's */
	lapic_setup(1);
#endif
	smp_cpus++;

	CTR1(KTR_SMP, "SMP: AP CPU #%d Launched", PCPU_GET(cpuid));
	printf("SMP: AP CPU #%d Launched!\n", PCPU_GET(cpuid));

	/* Determine if we are a logical CPU. */
	if (logical_cpus > 1 && PCPU_GET(apic_id) % logical_cpus != 0)
		logical_cpus_mask |= PCPU_GET(cpumask);

	/* Determine if we are a hyperthread. */
	if (hyperthreading_cpus > 1 &&
	    PCPU_GET(apic_id) % hyperthreading_cpus != 0)
		hyperthreading_cpus_mask |= PCPU_GET(cpumask);

	/* Build our map of 'other' CPUs. */
	PCPU_SET(other_cpus, all_cpus & ~PCPU_GET(cpumask));
#if 0
	if (bootverbose)
		lapic_dump("AP");
#endif
	if (smp_cpus == mp_ncpus) {
		/* enable IPI's, tlb shootdown, freezes etc */
		atomic_store_rel_int(&smp_started, 1);
		smp_active = 1;	 /* historic */
	}

	mtx_unlock_spin(&ap_boot_mtx);

	/* wait until all the AP's are up */
	while (smp_started == 0)
		ia32_pause();


	PCPU_SET(curthread, PCPU_GET(idlethread));
	/* enter the scheduler */
	sched_throw(NULL);

	panic("scheduler returned us to %s", __func__);
	/* NOTREACHED */
}

/*******************************************************************
 * local functions and data
 */

/*
 * We tell the I/O APIC code about all the CPUs we want to receive
 * interrupts.  If we don't want certain CPUs to receive IRQs we
 * can simply not tell the I/O APIC code about them in this function.
 * We also do not tell it about the BSP since it tells itself about
 * the BSP internally to work with UP kernels and on UP machines.
 */
static void
set_interrupt_apic_ids(void)
{
	u_int i, apic_id;

	for (i = 0; i < MAXCPU; i++) {
		apic_id = cpu_apic_ids[i];
		if (apic_id == -1)
			continue;
		if (cpu_info[apic_id].cpu_bsp)
			continue;
		if (cpu_info[apic_id].cpu_disabled)
			continue;

		/* Don't let hyperthreads service interrupts. */
		if (hyperthreading_cpus > 1 &&
		    apic_id % hyperthreading_cpus != 0)
			continue;

		intr_add_cpu(i);
	}
}

/*
 * Assign logical CPU IDs to local APICs.
 */
static void
assign_cpu_ids(void)
{
	u_int i;

	/* Check for explicitly disabled CPUs. */
	for (i = 0; i <= MAX_APIC_ID; i++) {
		if (!cpu_info[i].cpu_present || cpu_info[i].cpu_bsp)
			continue;

		/* Don't use this CPU if it has been disabled by a tunable. */
		if (resource_disabled("lapic", i)) {
			cpu_info[i].cpu_disabled = 1;
			continue;
		}
	}

	/*
	 * Assign CPU IDs to local APIC IDs and disable any CPUs
	 * beyond MAXCPU.  CPU 0 has already been assigned to the BSP,
	 * so we only have to assign IDs for APs.
	 */
	mp_ncpus = 1;
	for (i = 0; i <= MAX_APIC_ID; i++) {
		if (!cpu_info[i].cpu_present || cpu_info[i].cpu_bsp ||
		    cpu_info[i].cpu_disabled)
			continue;

		if (mp_ncpus < MAXCPU) {
			cpu_apic_ids[mp_ncpus] = i;
			mp_ncpus++;
		} else
			cpu_info[i].cpu_disabled = 1;
	}
	KASSERT(mp_maxid >= mp_ncpus - 1,
	    ("%s: counters out of sync: max %d, count %d", __func__, mp_maxid,
	    mp_ncpus));
}

/*
 * start each AP in our list
 */
/* Lowest 1MB is already mapped: don't touch*/
#define TMPMAP_START 1
int
start_all_aps(void)
{
	u_int32_t mpbioswarmvec;
	int x,apic_id, cpu;
	struct pcpu *pc;

	mtx_init(&ap_boot_mtx, "ap boot", NULL, MTX_SPIN);

	/* save the current value of the warm-start vector */
	mpbioswarmvec = *((u_int32_t *) WARMBOOT_OFF);

	/* set up temporary P==V mapping for AP boot */
	/* XXX this is a hack, we should boot the AP on its own stack/PTD */

	/* start each AP */
	for (cpu = 1; cpu < mp_ncpus; cpu++) {
		apic_id = cpu_apic_ids[cpu];


		/* setup a vector to our boot code */
		*((volatile u_short *) WARMBOOT_OFF) = WARMBOOT_TARGET;
		*((volatile u_short *) WARMBOOT_SEG) = (boot_address >> 4);

		bootAP = cpu;
		bootAPgdt = gdt + (512*cpu);

		/* Get per-cpu data */
		pc = &__pcpu[bootAP];
		pcpu_init(pc, bootAP, sizeof(struct pcpu));
		pc->pc_apic_id = cpu_apic_ids[bootAP];
		pc->pc_prvspace = pc;
		pc->pc_curthread = 0;

		gdt_segs[GPRIV_SEL].ssd_base = (int) pc;
		gdt_segs[GPROC0_SEL].ssd_base = (int) &pc->pc_common_tss;

		PT_SET_MA(bootAPgdt, xpmap_ptom(VTOP(bootAPgdt)) | PG_V | PG_RW);
		bzero(bootAPgdt, PAGE_SIZE);
		for (x = 0; x < NGDT; x++)
			ssdtosd(&gdt_segs[x], &bootAPgdt[x].sd);
		PT_SET_MA(bootAPgdt, vtomach(bootAPgdt) | PG_V);

		/* attempt to start the Application Processor */
		if (!start_ap(cpu)) {
			printf("AP #%d (PHY# %d) failed!\n", cpu, apic_id);
			/* better panic as the AP may be running loose */
			printf("panic y/n? [y] ");
			if (cngetc() != 'n')
				panic("bye-bye");
		}

		all_cpus |= (1 << cpu);		/* record AP in CPU map */
	}


	/* build our map of 'other' CPUs */
	PCPU_SET(other_cpus, all_cpus & ~PCPU_GET(cpumask));

	/* restore the warmstart vector */
	*(u_int32_t *) WARMBOOT_OFF = mpbioswarmvec;

	pmap_invalidate_range(kernel_pmap, 0, NKPT * NBPDR - 1);

	/* number of APs actually started */
	return mp_naps;
}

extern uint8_t *pcpu_boot_stack;
extern trap_info_t trap_table[];

static void
smp_trap_init(trap_info_t *trap_ctxt)
{
        const trap_info_t *t = trap_table;

        for (t = trap_table; t->address; t++) {
                trap_ctxt[t->vector].flags = t->flags;
                trap_ctxt[t->vector].cs = t->cs;
                trap_ctxt[t->vector].address = t->address;
        }
}

void
cpu_initialize_context(unsigned int cpu);
extern int nkpt;

void
cpu_initialize_context(unsigned int cpu)
{
	/* vcpu_guest_context_t is too large to allocate on the stack.
	 * Hence we allocate statically and protect it with a lock */
	vm_page_t m[4];
	static vcpu_guest_context_t ctxt;
	vm_offset_t boot_stack;
	vm_offset_t newPTD;
	vm_paddr_t ma[NPGPTD];
	static int color;
	int i;

	/*
	 * Page 0,[0-3]	PTD
	 * Page 1, [4]	boot stack
	 * Page [5]	PDPT

	 *
	 */
	for (i = 0; i < NPGPTD + 2; i++) {
		m[i] = vm_page_alloc(NULL, color++,
		    VM_ALLOC_NORMAL | VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ | VM_ALLOC_WIRED |
		    VM_ALLOC_ZERO);

		pmap_zero_page(m[i]);

	}
	boot_stack = kmem_alloc_nofault(kernel_map, 1);
	newPTD = kmem_alloc_nofault(kernel_map, NPGPTD);
	ma[0] = xpmap_ptom(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m[0]))|PG_V;

#ifdef PAE
	pmap_kenter(boot_stack, VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m[NPGPTD + 1]));
	for (i = 0; i < NPGPTD; i++) {
		((vm_paddr_t *)boot_stack)[i] =
		ma[i] =
		    xpmap_ptom(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m[i]))|PG_V;
	}
#endif

	/*
	 * Copy cpu0 IdlePTD to new IdlePTD - copying only
	 * kernel mappings
	 */
	pmap_qenter(newPTD, m, 4);

	memcpy((uint8_t *)newPTD + KPTDI*sizeof(vm_paddr_t),
	    (uint8_t *)PTOV(IdlePTD) + KPTDI*sizeof(vm_paddr_t),
	    nkpt*sizeof(vm_paddr_t));

	pmap_qremove(newPTD, 4);
	kmem_free(kernel_map, newPTD, 4);
	/*
	 * map actual idle stack to boot_stack
	 */
	pmap_kenter(boot_stack, VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m[NPGPTD]));


	xen_pgdpt_pin(xpmap_ptom(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m[NPGPTD + 1])));
	vm_page_lock_queues();
	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
		int pdir = (PTDPTDI + i) / NPDEPG;
		int curoffset = (PTDPTDI + i) % NPDEPG;

		xen_queue_pt_update((vm_paddr_t)
		    ((ma[pdir] & ~PG_V) + (curoffset*sizeof(vm_paddr_t))),
		    ma[i]);
	}
	PT_UPDATES_FLUSH();
	vm_page_unlock_queues();

	memset(&ctxt, 0, sizeof(ctxt));
	ctxt.flags = VGCF_IN_KERNEL;
	ctxt.user_regs.ds = GSEL(GDATA_SEL, SEL_KPL);
	ctxt.user_regs.es = GSEL(GDATA_SEL, SEL_KPL);
	ctxt.user_regs.fs = GSEL(GPRIV_SEL, SEL_KPL);
	ctxt.user_regs.gs = GSEL(GDATA_SEL, SEL_KPL);
	ctxt.user_regs.cs = GSEL(GCODE_SEL, SEL_KPL);
	ctxt.user_regs.ss = GSEL(GDATA_SEL, SEL_KPL);
	ctxt.user_regs.eip = (unsigned long)init_secondary;
	ctxt.user_regs.eflags = PSL_KERNEL | 0x1000; /* IOPL_RING1 */

	memset(&ctxt.fpu_ctxt, 0, sizeof(ctxt.fpu_ctxt));

	smp_trap_init(ctxt.trap_ctxt);

	ctxt.ldt_ents = 0;
	ctxt.gdt_frames[0] = (uint32_t)((uint64_t)vtomach(bootAPgdt) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
	ctxt.gdt_ents      = 512;

#ifdef __i386__
	ctxt.user_regs.esp = boot_stack + PAGE_SIZE;

	ctxt.kernel_ss = GSEL(GDATA_SEL, SEL_KPL);
	ctxt.kernel_sp = boot_stack + PAGE_SIZE;

	ctxt.event_callback_cs     = GSEL(GCODE_SEL, SEL_KPL);
	ctxt.event_callback_eip    = (unsigned long)Xhypervisor_callback;
	ctxt.failsafe_callback_cs  = GSEL(GCODE_SEL, SEL_KPL);
	ctxt.failsafe_callback_eip = (unsigned long)failsafe_callback;

	ctxt.ctrlreg[3] = xpmap_ptom(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m[NPGPTD + 1]));
#else /* __x86_64__ */
	ctxt.user_regs.esp = idle->thread.rsp0 - sizeof(struct pt_regs);
	ctxt.kernel_ss = GSEL(GDATA_SEL, SEL_KPL);
	ctxt.kernel_sp = idle->thread.rsp0;

	ctxt.event_callback_eip    = (unsigned long)hypervisor_callback;
	ctxt.failsafe_callback_eip = (unsigned long)failsafe_callback;
	ctxt.syscall_callback_eip  = (unsigned long)system_call;

	ctxt.ctrlreg[3] = xen_pfn_to_cr3(virt_to_mfn(init_level4_pgt));

	ctxt.gs_base_kernel = (unsigned long)(cpu_pda(cpu));
#endif

	printf("gdtpfn=%lx pdptpfn=%lx\n",
	    ctxt.gdt_frames[0],
	    ctxt.ctrlreg[3] >> PAGE_SHIFT);

	PANIC_IF(HYPERVISOR_vcpu_op(VCPUOP_initialise, cpu, &ctxt));
	DELAY(3000);
	PANIC_IF(HYPERVISOR_vcpu_op(VCPUOP_up, cpu, NULL));
}

/*
 * This function starts the AP (application processor) identified
 * by the APIC ID 'physicalCpu'.  It does quite a "song and dance"
 * to accomplish this.  This is necessary because of the nuances
 * of the different hardware we might encounter.  It isn't pretty,
 * but it seems to work.
 */

int cpus;
static int
start_ap(int apic_id)
{
	int ms;

	/* used as a watchpoint to signal AP startup */
	cpus = mp_naps;

	cpu_initialize_context(apic_id);

	/* Wait up to 5 seconds for it to start. */
	for (ms = 0; ms < 5000; ms++) {
		if (mp_naps > cpus)
			return 1;	/* return SUCCESS */
		DELAY(1000);
	}
	return 0;		/* return FAILURE */
}

/*
 * Flush the TLB on all other CPU's
 */
static void
smp_tlb_shootdown(u_int vector, vm_offset_t addr1, vm_offset_t addr2)
{
	u_int ncpu;

	ncpu = mp_ncpus - 1;	/* does not shootdown self */
	if (ncpu < 1)
		return;		/* no other cpus */
	if (!(read_eflags() & PSL_I))
		panic("%s: interrupts disabled", __func__);
	mtx_lock_spin(&smp_ipi_mtx);
	smp_tlb_addr1 = addr1;
	smp_tlb_addr2 = addr2;
	atomic_store_rel_int(&smp_tlb_wait, 0);
	ipi_all_but_self(vector);
	while (smp_tlb_wait < ncpu)
		ia32_pause();
	mtx_unlock_spin(&smp_ipi_mtx);
}

static void
smp_targeted_tlb_shootdown(u_int mask, u_int vector, vm_offset_t addr1, vm_offset_t addr2)
{
	int ncpu, othercpus;

	othercpus = mp_ncpus - 1;
	if (mask == (u_int)-1) {
		ncpu = othercpus;
		if (ncpu < 1)
			return;
	} else {
		mask &= ~PCPU_GET(cpumask);
		if (mask == 0)
			return;
		ncpu = bitcount32(mask);
		if (ncpu > othercpus) {
			/* XXX this should be a panic offence */
			printf("SMP: tlb shootdown to %d other cpus (only have %d)\n",
			    ncpu, othercpus);
			ncpu = othercpus;
		}
		/* XXX should be a panic, implied by mask == 0 above */
		if (ncpu < 1)
			return;
	}
	if (!(read_eflags() & PSL_I))
		panic("%s: interrupts disabled", __func__);
	mtx_lock_spin(&smp_ipi_mtx);
	smp_tlb_addr1 = addr1;
	smp_tlb_addr2 = addr2;
	atomic_store_rel_int(&smp_tlb_wait, 0);
	if (mask == (u_int)-1)
		ipi_all_but_self(vector);
	else
		ipi_selected(mask, vector);
	while (smp_tlb_wait < ncpu)
		ia32_pause();
	mtx_unlock_spin(&smp_ipi_mtx);
}

void
smp_cache_flush(void)
{

	if (smp_started)
		smp_tlb_shootdown(IPI_INVLCACHE, 0, 0);
}

void
smp_invltlb(void)
{

	if (smp_started) {
		smp_tlb_shootdown(IPI_INVLTLB, 0, 0);
	}
}

void
smp_invlpg(vm_offset_t addr)
{

	if (smp_started) {
		smp_tlb_shootdown(IPI_INVLPG, addr, 0);
	}
}

void
smp_invlpg_range(vm_offset_t addr1, vm_offset_t addr2)
{

	if (smp_started) {
		smp_tlb_shootdown(IPI_INVLRNG, addr1, addr2);
	}
}

void
smp_masked_invltlb(u_int mask)
{

	if (smp_started) {
		smp_targeted_tlb_shootdown(mask, IPI_INVLTLB, 0, 0);
	}
}

void
smp_masked_invlpg(u_int mask, vm_offset_t addr)
{

	if (smp_started) {
		smp_targeted_tlb_shootdown(mask, IPI_INVLPG, addr, 0);
	}
}

void
smp_masked_invlpg_range(u_int mask, vm_offset_t addr1, vm_offset_t addr2)
{

	if (smp_started) {
		smp_targeted_tlb_shootdown(mask, IPI_INVLRNG, addr1, addr2);
	}
}

void
ipi_bitmap_handler(struct trapframe frame)
{
	int cpu = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
	u_int ipi_bitmap;

	ipi_bitmap = atomic_readandclear_int(&cpu_ipi_pending[cpu]);

	if (ipi_bitmap & (1 << IPI_PREEMPT)) {
		sched_preempt(curthread);
	}
}

/*
 * send an IPI to a set of cpus.
 */
void
ipi_selected(u_int32_t cpus, u_int ipi)
{
	int cpu;
	u_int bitmap = 0;
	u_int old_pending;
	u_int new_pending;

	if (IPI_IS_BITMAPED(ipi)) {
		bitmap = 1 << ipi;
		ipi = IPI_BITMAP_VECTOR;
	}

#ifdef STOP_NMI
	if (ipi == IPI_STOP && stop_cpus_with_nmi) {
		ipi_nmi_selected(cpus);
		return;
	}
#endif
	CTR3(KTR_SMP, "%s: cpus: %x ipi: %x", __func__, cpus, ipi);
	while ((cpu = ffs(cpus)) != 0) {
		cpu--;
		cpus &= ~(1 << cpu);

		KASSERT(cpu_apic_ids[cpu] != -1,
		    ("IPI to non-existent CPU %d", cpu));

		if (bitmap) {
			do {
				old_pending = cpu_ipi_pending[cpu];
				new_pending = old_pending | bitmap;
			} while  (!atomic_cmpset_int(&cpu_ipi_pending[cpu],old_pending, new_pending));

			if (old_pending)
				continue;
		}

		lapic_ipi_vectored(ipi, cpu_apic_ids[cpu]);
	}

}

/*
 * send an IPI INTerrupt containing 'vector' to all CPUs, including myself
 */
void
ipi_all(u_int ipi)
{

	if (IPI_IS_BITMAPED(ipi) || (ipi == IPI_STOP && stop_cpus_with_nmi)) {
		ipi_selected(all_cpus, ipi);
		return;
	}
	CTR2(KTR_SMP, "%s: ipi: %x", __func__, ipi);
	lapic_ipi_vectored(ipi, APIC_IPI_DEST_ALL);
}

/*
 * send an IPI to all CPUs EXCEPT myself
 */
void
ipi_all_but_self(u_int ipi)
{

	if (IPI_IS_BITMAPED(ipi) || (ipi == IPI_STOP && stop_cpus_with_nmi)) {
		ipi_selected(PCPU_GET(other_cpus), ipi);
		return;
	}
	CTR2(KTR_SMP, "%s: ipi: %x", __func__, ipi);
	lapic_ipi_vectored(ipi, APIC_IPI_DEST_OTHERS);
}

/*
 * send an IPI to myself
 */
void
ipi_self(u_int ipi)
{

	if (IPI_IS_BITMAPED(ipi) || (ipi == IPI_STOP && stop_cpus_with_nmi)) {
		ipi_selected(PCPU_GET(cpumask), ipi);
		return;
	}
	CTR2(KTR_SMP, "%s: ipi: %x", __func__, ipi);
	lapic_ipi_vectored(ipi, APIC_IPI_DEST_SELF);
}

#ifdef STOP_NMI
/*
 * send NMI IPI to selected CPUs
 */

#define	BEFORE_SPIN	1000000

void
ipi_nmi_selected(u_int32_t cpus)
{
	int cpu;
	register_t icrlo;

	icrlo = APIC_DELMODE_NMI | APIC_DESTMODE_PHY | APIC_LEVEL_ASSERT
		| APIC_TRIGMOD_EDGE;

	CTR2(KTR_SMP, "%s: cpus: %x nmi", __func__, cpus);

	atomic_set_int(&ipi_nmi_pending, cpus);

	while ((cpu = ffs(cpus)) != 0) {
		cpu--;
		cpus &= ~(1 << cpu);

		KASSERT(cpu_apic_ids[cpu] != -1,
		    ("IPI NMI to non-existent CPU %d", cpu));

		/* Wait for an earlier IPI to finish. */
		if (!lapic_ipi_wait(BEFORE_SPIN))
			panic("ipi_nmi_selected: previous IPI has not cleared");

		lapic_ipi_raw(icrlo, cpu_apic_ids[cpu]);
	}
}

int
ipi_nmi_handler(void)
{
	int cpumask = PCPU_GET(cpumask);

	if (!(ipi_nmi_pending & cpumask))
		return 1;

	atomic_clear_int(&ipi_nmi_pending, cpumask);
	cpustop_handler();
	return 0;
}

#endif /* STOP_NMI */

/*
 * Handle an IPI_STOP by saving our current context and spinning until we
 * are resumed.
 */
void
cpustop_handler(void)
{
	int cpu = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
	int cpumask = PCPU_GET(cpumask);

	savectx(&stoppcbs[cpu]);

	/* Indicate that we are stopped */
	atomic_set_int(&stopped_cpus, cpumask);

	/* Wait for restart */
	while (!(started_cpus & cpumask))
	    ia32_pause();

	atomic_clear_int(&started_cpus, cpumask);
	atomic_clear_int(&stopped_cpus, cpumask);

	if (cpu == 0 && cpustop_restartfunc != NULL) {
		cpustop_restartfunc();
		cpustop_restartfunc = NULL;
	}
}

/*
 * This is called once the rest of the system is up and running and we're
 * ready to let the AP's out of the pen.
 */
static void
release_aps(void *dummy __unused)
{

	if (mp_ncpus == 1)
		return;
	atomic_store_rel_int(&aps_ready, 1);
	while (smp_started == 0)
		ia32_pause();
}
SYSINIT(start_aps, SI_SUB_SMP, SI_ORDER_FIRST, release_aps, NULL);