bsd-family-tree revision 104781
1The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2--------------------------------------------- 3 4First Edition (V1) 5 | 6Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18Seventh Edition (V7) | 19 \ | 20 \ 1BSD 21 32V | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* 23 \ / | 24 \ / | 25 \/ | 26 3BSD | 27 | | 28 4.0BSD 2.7.9BSD 29 | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | | | | 67FreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / / | \ | 71FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ | 72 | / | / | \ | 73FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ | 74 | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | | \ | | | | | 81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85FreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 86 | | | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 88 | | | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 92 | | | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 96 | | | | | | 97 | | | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 99 | \ | | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 101 | | | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | v | | | | | | 114 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 115 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 116FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 117 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 118 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 119 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 120 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 121 | | | | | | | | | 122 | | | | | | | | | 123 | | | | | | | | | 124 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 125 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 126 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 127 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 128FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 129 | | | | | | | | | 130 | | | | | | | | | 131 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 132 | | | | | | | | | 133 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 134 | | | | | | | | 135 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 136 | | | | (?) | | | | 137 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 138 | | | | / | | | | 139 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 140 | | Mac OS X | | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 141 | | | | v | | 142 | | | | | | 143 | | 10.0 NetBSD 1.5 | | 144 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | | 145 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 | 146 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | | 147 | | | | | | | 148 | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | | 149 | | | Mac OS X | | | | 150 | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 | 151 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | | 152 | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3 153 | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 | 154 | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | v 155 | | Mac OS X | | | 156 | FreeBSD 4.6.2 10.2 | v | 157 | | | | | 158 | | | NetBSD 1.6 | 159 | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | 160 | | | | | 161 | v | | | 162 | | | | 163FreeBSD 5.0-current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current 164 | | | | 165 v v v v 166 167Time 168---------------- 169 170Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it 171was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 172 173[44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, 174 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of 175 the 4.4BSD Operating System. 176[APL] Apple website [http://www.apple.com/macosx/] 177[DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 178[QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. 179[U25] Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. 180[USE] Usenet announcement. 181[KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. 182 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software 183 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983. 184[KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, 185 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987. 186[KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 187 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 188[SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 189[FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 190[NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 191[OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 192[dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 193[BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 194[WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc. 195 196Multics 1965 197UNIX Summer 1969 198 DEC PDP-7 199First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 200 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 201Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 202 10 UNIX installations 203Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 204 Pipes, 16 installations 205Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 206 rewriting in C effected, 207 above 30 installations 208Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 209 above 50 installations 210Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 211 port to DEC Vax 212Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 213 first portable UNIX 214Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 215 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 216 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 217 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 218 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 219 and networking part by the streams mechanism 220 221Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 222Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 223 2241BSD late 1977 225 1978-03-09 [QCU] 226 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 227 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 228 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 2292BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 230 75 2BSD tapes shipped 2312.7.9BSD ?? [SMS] 2322.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 233 2342.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 235 set of performance improvements 2362.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 2372.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx 2382.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 2392.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 2402.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 2412.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS] 2422.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 243 24432V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 2453BSD late 1979 [QCU] 246 virtual memory, page replacement, 247 demand paging 2484.0BSD 1980-10-xx 2494.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC] 2504.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 251 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 2524.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 2534.1cBSD late 1982 254 beta release, IPC [44B] 2554.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 256 1983-08-03 [DOC] 2574.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 258 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC] 2594.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC] 2604.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 261 1989-01-01 [DOC] 2624.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC] 2634.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC] 264 265BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 266 first code released to people outside BSDI 267386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 268BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 269BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 270386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 2714.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 272BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 273 first external gamma; G customers 274BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 275 would have been 1.0 except for request 276 for preliminary injunction 277BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 278 injunction denied; first official release 279NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 2804.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 281NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 282FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 283BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 2844.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 285FreeBSD 1.1 1994-04-xx [FBD] 286FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-xx [FBD] 287 supersedes 1.1.5 3 days after release. 288NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 289386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 290FreeBSD 2.0 1995-01-xx [FBD] 291BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 292FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 293BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 2944.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 295 the true final distribution from the CSRG 296FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 297NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 298BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 299FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 300NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 301OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 302FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 303FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 304Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 305FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 306BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 307FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 308FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 309FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 310NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 311OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 312FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 313OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 314NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 315FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 316NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 317BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 318OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 319NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 320FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 321BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 322 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 323FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 324 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 325 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 326 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 327FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 328OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 329NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 330FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 331BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 332NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 333FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 334OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 335NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 336FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 337OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 338FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 339BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 340FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 341NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 342OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 343FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 344FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 345FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 346FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 347FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 348NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 349BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 350OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 351NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 352Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 353FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 354OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 355NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 356NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 357FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 358Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-xx [APL] 359OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD] 360FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD] 361BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS] 362OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD] 363FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD] 364NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release) 365FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release) 366Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL] 367NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD] 368FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD] 369 370Bibliography 371------------------------ 372 373Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 374Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 375System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 376 377Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 378Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 379 380McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 381Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 382System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 383 384Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 385 386Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 387Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 388Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 389 390Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 391URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm (unreachable) 392 393Andreas Klemm, Lars K�ller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 394Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 395 396BSD Release Announcements collection. 397URL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/ 398 399BSD Hypertext Man Pages 400URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi 401 402UNIX history graphing project 403URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html 404 405UNIX history 406URL: http://perso.wanadoo.fr/levenez/unix/ 407 408James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 409URL: http://www.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 410("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 411 412 413Acknowledgments 414--------------- 415 416Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 417original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 418 419Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 420 421-- 422Copyright (c) 1997-2001 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG> 423URL: ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/branches/-current/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 424 425$FreeBSD: head/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 104781 2002-10-10 14:17:42Z jhb $ 426